Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
NIS - Department of Short Term Business Statistics
ANRE - Energy Market Monitoring Unit
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
NIS 16, Libertatii avenue, District 5 Bucharest RO 050706 Romania
ANRE Constantin Nacu, No. 3, District 2, Bucharest, Romania
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
18 June 2025
2.2. Metadata last posted
18 June 2025
2.3. Metadata last update
18 June 2025
3.1. Data description
European statistics on natural gas prices for household and final non-household customers.
3.2. Classification system
Internal Eurostat classification system based on annual natural gas consumption bands and tax levels.
3.3. Coverage - sector
Household sector and final non-household sector (industry, services, offices, agriculture, etc).
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
The prices are collected in national currencies per GJ and according to different bands of consumption.
For the households sector, these bands are:
D1: Customers consuming less than 20 GJ.
D2: Customers consuming 20 GJ or more but less than 200 GJ.
D3: Customers consuming 200 GJ or more.
For the final non-households sector, the bands are:
I1: Customers consuming less than 1000 GJ.
I2: Customers consuming 1000 GJ or more but less than 10000 GJ.
I3: Customers consuming 10000 GJ or more but less than 100000 GJ.
I4: Customers consuming 100000 GJ or more but less than 1000000 GJ.
I5: Customers consuming 1000000 GJ or more but less than 4000000 GJ.
I6: Customers consuming 4000000 GJ or more.
There are 2 different levels of disagregation for semestrial and annual prices:
1- Semestrial prices:
These prices are reported twice a year and are divided in 3 levels:
Level 1 prices: Prices excluding taxes and levies.
Level 2 prices: Prices excluding VAT and other recoverable taxes and levies.
Level 3 prices: Prices including all taxes and levies.
2- Annual prices:
These prices are reported once a year together with the data for the second semester and are divided into the following components and taxes:
Energy and supply: commodity price for natural gas paid by the supplier or the price of natural gas at the point of entry into the transmission system, including, if applicable, the following end-user costs: storage costs plus costs relating to the sale of natural gas to final customers.
Network cost: transmission and distribution tariffs, transmission and distribution losses, network costs, after-sale service costs, system service costs and meter rental and metering costs.
Value added taxes (VAT): as defined in Council Directive 2006/112/EC. In case of non-household customers, the VAT is recoverable.
Renewable taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to the promotion of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and CHP generation.
Capacity taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to strategic stockpiles, capacity payments and energy security; taxes on natural gas distribution; stranded costs and levies on financing energy regulatory authorities or market and system operators.
Environmental taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to air quality and for other environmental purposes; taxes on emissions of CO2 or other greenhouse gases. This component includes the excise duties.
All other taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges not covered by any of the previous four categories: support for district heating; local or regional fiscal charges; island compensation; concession fees relating to licences and fees for the occupation of land and public or private property by networks or other devices.
In addition to these elements, the network cost is split into the respective shares of transmission and distribution. The relative share of consumption in the different consumption bands is reported by the countries and used to calculated the single national natural gas prices (weighted averages for consumer bands IA-IF and DA-DE) but not published because it could be used to re-calculate some confidential values.
3.5. Statistical unit
Household and final non-household customers divided into consumption bands.
3.6. Statistical population
Household customers: Data coming from 35 suppliers out of 35 and representing 100% of the household customers.
Final non-household customers: Data coming from 50 suppliers out of 50 and representing 100% of the final non-household customers.
3.7. Reference area
The whole country.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Natural gas prices data for Romania are available since 2004.
3.9. Base period
Prices are reported in national currency per GJ. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in EURO and PPS (purchasing power parity) and do the conversion to kWh. Relative shares of sub-component of the network component and consumption volumes are reported in percentages.
For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for semester 1 and from July to December for semester 2.
For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December).
Prices are reported in national currency per GJ. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in EURO and PPS (purchasing power parity) and do the conversion to kWh. Relative shares of sub-component of the network component and consumption volumes are reported in percentages.
For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for semester 1 and from July to December for semester 2.
For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December).
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
At EU level:
Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2016 on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices and repealing Directive 2008/92/EC (Text with EEA relevance).
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/2169 of 21 November 2017 concerning the format and arrangements for the transmission of European Statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance).
Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1734 of 14 November 2018 granting derogations to the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Spain, the Italian Republic and the Republic of Cyprus as regards the provision of statistics pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document C(2018) 7465) (Text with EEA relevance).
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/803 concerning the content of quality reports on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance
At national level:
Cooperation Agreement signed by the National Institute of Statistics and ANRE for providing data/information related to natural gas prices collected based on Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 methodology. The Cooperation Agreement is not publicly available.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
At EU level:
Eurostat does not share the data collected with other organisation appart from its usual dissemination chanel (Eurostat's database, statistic explained articles and press or news release) .
At national level:
Data is sent to Eurostat.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
At EU level:
Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities.
At national level:
The statistical law no 226/2009 regarding the organisation of official statistics.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Published data should not allow identification of any individual customers.
Individual price data reported to ANRE by natural gas suppliers on the statistical survey (data collection) monitoring structure within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 is treated by ANRE as confidential data, as it has the same confidential regime like all data/information reported by natural gas market participants on national monitoring legislation.
8.1. Release calendar
Romania does not publish the data.
8.2. Release calendar access
Romania does not publish the data.
8.3. Release policy - user access
Romania does not publish the data.
Natural gas prices in Romania are published on a semestrial basis on Eurostat's website.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
Romania does not produce press release.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Romania does not produce publication for this statistical domain.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
Romania does not have online data base for this subject.
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations
Romania does not produce any data tables.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
Acces to microdata are not available.
10.5. Dissemination format - other
Romania does not produce other dissemination format for this statistical domain.
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations
Not applicable.
10.6. Documentation on methodology
Romania does not have public available documentation on methodology for this statistical domain.
NIS Romania has adopted the UN Fundamental Principles for official Statistics as well as the European Code of Practice.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
Due to the 100% coverage of the population and lack of non-response rate, the data quality may be considered high.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
The price information resulting from the statistical surveys throughout EU countries as published by Eurostat represents a solid benchmark for the member states and offers an indication for the national decision-making structures regarding the ranking position of Romania amongst other countries.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
NIS Romania has conducted general surveys of user satisfaction in 2024, and plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose is to know the perception of users regarding the quality of the information they use and if their needs are covered.
The users’ specific needs are considered when methodological revisions are carried out in order to tailor the content of the survey to the specific requirements of its users, thereby increasing their levels of satisfaction.
All breakdowns and variables are provided, according to the EU Regulation in force.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
All data required are provided.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
100% of the population is covered.
13.2. Sampling error
Not applicable as no sampling is performed (100% of the population covered).
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Not applicable
13.3. Non-sampling error
All active suppliers are obliged by national law to answer to all ANRE requests of data concerning the energy domain, therefore there are no non-response errors.
13.3.1. Coverage error
There is no coverage error. All type of users are well represented as 100% of the population is covered.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
We are not aware of any over-coverage.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
The data originates 100% from the statistical survey (through prices questionnaires) conducted by ANRE at national level for both electricity and gas.
13.3.2. Measurement error
The data reported by the suppliers have to meet certain criteria of correctness as stipulated in the national legislation regarding data monitoring activity. However, there may exist certain measurement errors at suppliers’ level due to possible cases of late billing, evaluated by the suppliers.
Most errors are detected through checking phase by ANRE thorugh means of outlier detections, time series coherence, comparison with data already reported on monthly basis due to national legislation , errors which are double-checked with the suppliers concerned.
13.3.3. Non response error
All active suppliers are obliged by national law to answer to all ANRE requests of data concerning the energy domain, therefore there are no non-response errors.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Not applicable
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Not applicable
13.3.4. Processing error
Taking into account that the data reported by the natural gas suppliers are incorporated in the national database at ANRE level and data processing is automatically performed, the processing errors may be considered as negligible. However, possible system errors may be detected thourgh double / triple checks, coherence with time series, outlier detections, etc.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not Applicable.
14.1. Timeliness
Natural gas suppliers that were active during the semester under survey are requested to provide the data within 7-8 weeks after the reference period (end of second month (August/February) after the reference period).
During the third month after the reference period, ANRE performs data check for correctness, consistency and completeness with correction requests if needed. Data referring to consumption are also compared with monthly data reported to ANRE by the same suppliers based on monitoring legislation.
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
Not applicable.
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
The natural gas price questionnaire for household and non-household customers for the 1st semester of 2022 was sent to NIS/Eurostat by ANRE after 89 days from the end of reference period.
The natural gas price questionnaire for household and non-household customers for the 2nd semester of 2022 was sent to NIS/Eurostat by ANRE after 83 days from the end of reference period.
The natural gas price questionnaire for household and non-household customers for the 1st semester of 2023 was sent to NIS/Eurostat by ANRE after 98 days from the end of reference period.
The natural gas price questionnaire for household and non-household customers for the 2nd semester of 2023 was sent to NIS/Eurostat by ANRE after 89 days from the end of reference period.
The natural gas price questionnaire for household and non-household customers for the 1st semester of 2024 was sent to NIS/Eurostat by ANRE after 87 days from the end of reference period.
The natural gas price questionnaire for household and non-household customers for the 2nd semester of 2024 was sent to NIS/Eurostat by ANRE after 90 days from the end of reference period.
14.2. Punctuality
The legal deadline for submitting the questionnaires is the end of the third month after the reference period.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
The submission of the questionnaires was done according to the deadline provided in the European regulation
15.1. Comparability - geographical
The date is comparable between countries and region.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
Not applicable
15.2. Comparability - over time
The data is comparable over time.
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
Due to the entry into force of the provisions of Government Emergency Ordinance no. 27/2022 regarding the measures applicable to final customers on the electricity and natural gas market, the time series for which the price data are comparable are those for semester I and II 2023 and semester I and II 2024 which accurately reflect the prices and their components as they were charged/billed by suppliers to final clients.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Not applicable
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
Not applicable
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
Not applicable
15.4. Coherence - internal
Data is internally coherent and comparable, being equally suited for various uses both internally and externally.
Collecting extra data creates additional administrative burden for suppliers that can’t be quantified. Data collected is limited to what is necessary and electronic means are used to facilitate data collection.
It is difficult, almost impossible to estimate the time necessary for the suppliers to collect, validate and submit the data to ANRE. The reason is that each supplier has a different type and number of clients, have their own internal organisation of the data related to their clients and different number of staff involved in this specific task.
From the ANRE perspective, 10-11 weeks are necessary to collect, validate and submit the data to NSI (equivalent of 1 person worked 20 days).
From NSi perspective, 1 person worked 1 day, twice a year, to prepare and submit the data to Eurostat.
17.1. Data revision - policy
Data revision policy follows the Revision Policy of the NIS Romania, wihich represent one of the key documentsof the office. The same revision policy is applied to all data released nationally and transmitted to Eurostat.
17.2. Data revision - practice
We do not plan any revision.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
Households gas prices collection (PRGAH): 2.744265545
Non-households gas prices collection (PRGAI): 0.000301832
18.1. Source data
Price information are submitted periodically (according to Eurostat timetable) by the active naural gas suppliers in the country which supply final customers.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Twice a year
18.3. Data collection
The natural gas suppliers fill in the data on the price templates prepared by ANRE according to the Eurostat formats and submit them to ANRE by uploading into the ANRE database.
18.4. Data validation
ANRE verifies the data reported by suppliers through several types of checking. Several processing reports are used to check the data, respectively: using the correct measurement units, reporting natural gas prices in the estimated ranges, reporting distribution/transmission tariffs within the legal levels, reporting the taxes, VAT and excise duties in accordance with legal provisions in force. If inconsistences are identified, ANRE notifies suppliers and requests the correction of data. The process is repeated until ANRE validates the data received. Due to the fact that the average prices are computed using the consumptions aggregated on the same criteria, ANRE performs quantity checks with the monthly reports submitted by the same suppliers on the national monitoring legislation.
18.5. Data compilation
Data received from all suppliers with final customers (household and non-household) are aggregated by type of customer, consumption band and price component.
The prices submitted to Eurostat for each semester on Level 1, 2, 3 structure are weighted average prices for each component and consumption band.
The prices submitted to Eurostat for calendar year are calculated as average prices for each component based on data from both semesters, as indicated in the Eurostat template instructions.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
Not the case.
18.6. Adjustment
Not applicable.
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Seasonable adjustments are not carried out.
European statistics on natural gas prices for household and final non-household customers.
18 June 2025
The prices are collected in national currencies per GJ and according to different bands of consumption.
For the households sector, these bands are:
D1: Customers consuming less than 20 GJ.
D2: Customers consuming 20 GJ or more but less than 200 GJ.
D3: Customers consuming 200 GJ or more.
For the final non-households sector, the bands are:
I1: Customers consuming less than 1000 GJ.
I2: Customers consuming 1000 GJ or more but less than 10000 GJ.
I3: Customers consuming 10000 GJ or more but less than 100000 GJ.
I4: Customers consuming 100000 GJ or more but less than 1000000 GJ.
I5: Customers consuming 1000000 GJ or more but less than 4000000 GJ.
I6: Customers consuming 4000000 GJ or more.
There are 2 different levels of disagregation for semestrial and annual prices:
1- Semestrial prices:
These prices are reported twice a year and are divided in 3 levels:
Level 1 prices: Prices excluding taxes and levies.
Level 2 prices: Prices excluding VAT and other recoverable taxes and levies.
Level 3 prices: Prices including all taxes and levies.
2- Annual prices:
These prices are reported once a year together with the data for the second semester and are divided into the following components and taxes:
Energy and supply: commodity price for natural gas paid by the supplier or the price of natural gas at the point of entry into the transmission system, including, if applicable, the following end-user costs: storage costs plus costs relating to the sale of natural gas to final customers.
Network cost: transmission and distribution tariffs, transmission and distribution losses, network costs, after-sale service costs, system service costs and meter rental and metering costs.
Value added taxes (VAT): as defined in Council Directive 2006/112/EC. In case of non-household customers, the VAT is recoverable.
Renewable taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to the promotion of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and CHP generation.
Capacity taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to strategic stockpiles, capacity payments and energy security; taxes on natural gas distribution; stranded costs and levies on financing energy regulatory authorities or market and system operators.
Environmental taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to air quality and for other environmental purposes; taxes on emissions of CO2 or other greenhouse gases. This component includes the excise duties.
All other taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges not covered by any of the previous four categories: support for district heating; local or regional fiscal charges; island compensation; concession fees relating to licences and fees for the occupation of land and public or private property by networks or other devices.
In addition to these elements, the network cost is split into the respective shares of transmission and distribution. The relative share of consumption in the different consumption bands is reported by the countries and used to calculated the single national natural gas prices (weighted averages for consumer bands IA-IF and DA-DE) but not published because it could be used to re-calculate some confidential values.
Household and final non-household customers divided into consumption bands.
Household customers: Data coming from 35 suppliers out of 35 and representing 100% of the household customers.
Final non-household customers: Data coming from 50 suppliers out of 50 and representing 100% of the final non-household customers.
The whole country.
For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for semester 1 and from July to December for semester 2.
For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December).
100% of the population is covered.
Prices are reported in national currency per GJ. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in EURO and PPS (purchasing power parity) and do the conversion to kWh. Relative shares of sub-component of the network component and consumption volumes are reported in percentages.
Data received from all suppliers with final customers (household and non-household) are aggregated by type of customer, consumption band and price component.
The prices submitted to Eurostat for each semester on Level 1, 2, 3 structure are weighted average prices for each component and consumption band.
The prices submitted to Eurostat for calendar year are calculated as average prices for each component based on data from both semesters, as indicated in the Eurostat template instructions.
Price information are submitted periodically (according to Eurostat timetable) by the active naural gas suppliers in the country which supply final customers.
Natural gas prices in Romania are published on a semestrial basis on Eurostat's website.
Natural gas suppliers that were active during the semester under survey are requested to provide the data within 7-8 weeks after the reference period (end of second month (August/February) after the reference period).
During the third month after the reference period, ANRE performs data check for correctness, consistency and completeness with correction requests if needed. Data referring to consumption are also compared with monthly data reported to ANRE by the same suppliers based on monitoring legislation.
The date is comparable between countries and region.
