Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Data collection on the residence permits (RESPER) statistics contains statistical information based on the principles stated in the Union legislation on migration Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 as amended by the Regulation (EU) 2020/851 and the Commission Regulation (EU) No 216/2010 implementing the categories of reasons for residence permits.
The main RESPER data collection based on Article 6 of the Migration Statistics Regulation
First residence permits,
Residence permits issued on the occasion of changing the immigration status or reason to stay,
Residence permits valid at the end of the year,
Long-term residence permits valid at the end of the year,
Long-term permits issued during the year.
Statistics collected on voluntary basis
Residence permits issued for family reunification with beneficiaries of protection status
In addition the European Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of 11 July 2007 on Community statistics on migration and international protection is directly applicable in Liechtenstein. National Foreigners Act (Ausländergesetz LGBl. 2008 Nr. 311).
3.2. Classification system
See table 3.2. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
The classification of codes on the reporting country (GEO) and on the country of citizenship of asylum applicants (CITIZEN) corresponds to the ISO 3166 code-list (3166-1 alpha-2).
3.3. Coverage - sector
Migration and asylum – Residence permits statistics.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
See table 3.4. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
3.5. Statistical unit
All data refer to the number of persons.
3.6. Statistical population
See table 3.6. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
3.7. Reference area
Liechtenstein
3.8. Coverage - Time
See table 3.8. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
Data is available since reference year 2013.
3.9. Base period
Not applicable.
Number of persons.
Calendar year.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
The European Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of 11 July 2007 on Community statistics on migration and international protection is directly applicable in Liechtenstein. National Foreigners Act (Ausländergesetz LGBl. 2008 Nr. 311).
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
The Immigration and Passport Office of Liechtenstein issues the resident permits and is the owner of the database.
The Office of Statistics Liechtenstein has access to the resident permits database and compiles the data.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
not applicable.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
not applicable.
8.1. Release calendar
Data is not published on national level, therefore all questions regarding dissemination format are not applicable.
8.2. Release calendar access
Data is not published on national level, therefore all questions regarding dissemination format are not applicable.
8.3. Release policy - user access
Data is not published on national level, therefore all questions regarding dissemination format are not applicable.
Data is not published on national level.
Eurostat is publishing data on a yearly basis.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
Data is not published on national level, therefore all questions regarding dissemination format are not applicable.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Data is not published on national level, therefore all questions regarding dissemination format are not applicable.
Data is not published on national level, therefore all questions regarding metadata format are not applicable.
10.7. Quality management - documentation
not applicable.
11.1. Quality assurance
The Office of Statistics Liechtenstein has a well updated quality website. Besides the reference to the Code of Practice, national publications are available (in German only).
In addition there is a specific website about the Peer review conducted at the Office of Statistics in Liechtenstein, where the Peer Review Report and the Improvement Actions are published.
To document the participation in the European Statistical System and its quality standards there is one website with information and Links to Eurostat.
The quality processes are described in the links to the websites in 11.1. As Liechtenstein is very small, cooperation with the Migration and Passport Office is close and uncomplicated. As soon as errors are detected during registration, they are corrected. For this reason, we can speak of good data quality. No additional quality checks are carried out.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
Data is only made available through Eurostat, RESPER informations are not used for national statistics.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
Not applicable.
12.3. Completeness
See table 12.3. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
Data is complete for Liechtenstein.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
According to the Migration and Passport Office, registration is very accurate. There is no over or under registration and no double registration. The information is recorded at a central location, the registration system is very tightly organized and, in addition, people can only register with the municipalities with a corresponding permit.
13.2. Sampling error
Data is based on information from the register. No sampling was applied.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
As no sampling is done, all related questions are not applicable.
13.3. Non-sampling error
Not available.
13.3.1. Coverage error
Not available.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
Not available.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not available.
13.3.2. Measurement error
According to the Migration and Passport Office, registration is very accurate. There is no over or under registration and no double registration. The information is recorded at a central location, the registration system is very tightly organized and, in addition, people can only register with the municipalities with a corresponding permit.
13.3.3. Non response error
Not applicable.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Not applicable.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Not applicable.
13.3.4. Processing error
The information is recorded at a central location, the registration system is very tightly organized and, in addition, people can only register with the municipalities with a corresponding permit. So far, checks haven't shown any data quality issues.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not applicable.
14.1. Timeliness
Data will be sent as soon as the register checks are successfully completed. This is usually the case at the end of June/beginning of July. Therefore the data is sent with a few weeks of delay.
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
Not applicable.
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
Not applicable.
14.2. Punctuality
See table 14.2. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
Data was sent on July 8th 2024, week after the deadline.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
Liechtenstein is compliant with the Eurostat definiton and therefore data is comparable betweeen different countries (there are no regions in Liechtenstein).
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
Not applicable.
15.2. Comparability - over time
See table 15.2. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
No methodological changes were made. Therefore data is comparable over time.
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
Data is fully comparable since the beginning of data delivery for reference year 2013.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
There are no coherence issues with other data sets.
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
The statistics are comparable over all years.
There are no sub annual statistics, only annual statistics.
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
Not applicable.
15.4. Coherence - internal
Coherence between different categories/breakdowns required for each dataset (e.g. is each category well delimitated for the statistics reported or some of them are merged for technical reasons).
Resident permit data is coherent with all other data that is extracted form the same register, e.g. population, migration.
Questionnaires (incl. Metadata Report) are filled in within one day of work.
17.1. Data revision - policy
As data is not published on national level, the revision policy is not applicable.
17.2. Data revision - practice
See table 17.2. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
As data is not published on national level, the revision policy is not applicable.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
Not applicable.
18.1. Source data
See table 18.1. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
Tables
Presentation of the data source(s) / national registers
RP1. First permits issued for family reasons
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP2. First permits issued for education reasons
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP3. First permits issued for remunerated activities
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP4. First permits issued for other reasons
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP5. Change of immigration status or reason to stay
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP6. All valid permits on 31 December
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP7. Long-term residents on 31 December
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
LTR. Long-term residence permits issued during the year
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
FRPS. Family reunification with beneficiaries of protection status
Voluntary, no data supplied.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Data is collected annually.
18.3. Data collection
Systematic process of gathering data for official statistics at national level. The requirements for the various types of resident permits are regulated by law (see link below).
The data is recorded at a central location. Due to the small number of cases, the data is checked in detail and recorded accurately. Errors can be practically ruled out.
Data collection on the residence permits (RESPER) statistics contains statistical information based on the principles stated in the Union legislation on migration Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 as amended by the Regulation (EU) 2020/851 and the Commission Regulation (EU) No 216/2010 implementing the categories of reasons for residence permits.
The main RESPER data collection based on Article 6 of the Migration Statistics Regulation
First residence permits,
Residence permits issued on the occasion of changing the immigration status or reason to stay,
Residence permits valid at the end of the year,
Long-term residence permits valid at the end of the year,
Long-term permits issued during the year.
Statistics collected on voluntary basis
Residence permits issued for family reunification with beneficiaries of protection status
In addition the European Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of 11 July 2007 on Community statistics on migration and international protection is directly applicable in Liechtenstein. National Foreigners Act (Ausländergesetz LGBl. 2008 Nr. 311).
21 October 2024
See table 3.4. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
All data refer to the number of persons.
See table 3.6. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
Liechtenstein
Calendar year.
According to the Migration and Passport Office, registration is very accurate. There is no over or under registration and no double registration. The information is recorded at a central location, the registration system is very tightly organized and, in addition, people can only register with the municipalities with a corresponding permit.
Number of persons.
No imputation has been made.
See table 18.1. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
Tables
Presentation of the data source(s) / national registers
RP1. First permits issued for family reasons
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP2. First permits issued for education reasons
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP3. First permits issued for remunerated activities
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP4. First permits issued for other reasons
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP5. Change of immigration status or reason to stay
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP6. All valid permits on 31 December
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
RP7. Long-term residents on 31 December
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
LTR. Long-term residence permits issued during the year
Centralised Persons Register (Zentrales Personen Register ZPR).
FRPS. Family reunification with beneficiaries of protection status
Voluntary, no data supplied.
Data is not published on national level.
Eurostat is publishing data on a yearly basis.
Data will be sent as soon as the register checks are successfully completed. This is usually the case at the end of June/beginning of July. Therefore the data is sent with a few weeks of delay.
Liechtenstein is compliant with the Eurostat definiton and therefore data is comparable betweeen different countries (there are no regions in Liechtenstein).
See table 15.2. in annex ‘Quality report tables RESPER’.
No methodological changes were made. Therefore data is comparable over time.
