Job vacancy statistics (jvs)

National Reference Metadata in ESS Standard for Quality Reports Structure (ESQRS)

Compiling agency: Statistics Lithuania

Eurostat metadata

Reference metadata

1. Contact
2. Statistical presentation
3. Statistical processing
4. Quality management
5. Relevance
6. Accuracy and reliability
7. Timeliness and punctuality
8. Coherence and comparability
9. Accessibility and clarity
10. Cost and Burden
11. Confidentiality
12. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)

For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

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1. Contact

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1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Lithuania

1.2. Contact organisation unit

Labour Statistics Division

1.5. Contact mail address

29 Gedimino Ave., LT-01500 Vilnius, Lithuania

2. Statistical presentation

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2.1. Data description

Job vacancy statistics (JVS) provide information on the level and structure of labour demand. The country transmits to Eurostat the quarterly data on the number of job vacancies and the number of occupied posts as well as provides the quality report under the JVS framework regulation and the two implementing regulations: the implementing regulation on the definition of a job vacancy, the reference dates for data collection, data transmission specifications and feasibility studies, as well as the implementing regulation on seasonal adjustment procedures and quality reports.

2.2. Classification system

The quarterly data are broken down by economic activity (at section level) in accordance with NACE Rev. 2 - Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community.

Classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS).

2.3. Coverage - sector

The data cover all the economic activities defined by NACE Rev. 2, except the activities of households as employers and the activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies.

2.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

A 'job vacancy' is defined as a paid post that is newly created, unoccupied, or about to become vacant:

(a) for which the employer is taking active steps and is prepared to take further steps to find a suitable candidate from outside the enterprise concerned; and

(b) which the employer intends to fill either immediately or within a specific period of time.

‘Active steps to find a suitable candidate’ include:

- notifying the job vacancy to the public employment services,

- contacting a private employment agency/head hunters,

- advertising the vacancy in the media (for example internet, newspapers, magazines),

- advertising the vacancy on a public notice board,

- approaching, interviewing or selecting possible candidates/potential recruits directly,

- approaching employees and/or personal contacts,

- using internships.

'Specific period of time’ refers to the maximum time the vacancy is open and intended to be filled. That period shall be unlimited; all vacancies for which active steps are continuing on the reference date shall be reported.

An 'occupied post’ means a paid post within the organisation to which an employee has been assigned.

2.5. Statistical unit

An enterprise.

2.6. Statistical population

Enterprises, institutions and organizations, irrespective ownership form, whose engaged in economic activities from A to S (according NACE Rev. 2), and in whom 1 and more employees are working.

2.7. Reference area

The whole territory of the country, regions.

2.8. Coverage - Time

From 2008Q1 (NACE B-S aggregation: from 2004Q1)

2.9. Base period

Not applicable

3. Statistical processing

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3.1. Source data

Identification of the source of the data	Quarterly job vacancies statistics are prepared using data from a Quarterly Survey on Earnings (statistical questionnaire DA-01 – number of job vacancies), administrative data sources (State Social Insurance Fund Board (Sodra) – number of occupied posts).
Coverage
- Geographical	The whole country is covered.
- NACE	NACE Rev. 2, section level (A–S).
- Enterprise size	1 or more employees; 10 or more employees.
Definition of the statistical unit	The statistical unit is an enterprise.
Remarks	The Quarterly Survey on Earnings does not cover individual enterprises; therefore, job vacancies in individual enterprises are estimated on the basis of administrative sources (Sodra) and the results of the Quarterly Survey on Earnings.
Sampling design
Base used for the sample	The sampling frame is based on the data from the Statistical Register of Legal Entities.
Sampling design	A simple random stratified sample is used.
Retention/renewal of sampling units	Not applicable
Sample size	In 2022, the sample size equalled 7 160 units (8.4 per cent of population). More information see in Annex 'JVS sample size 2022' below.
Stratification	A simple random stratified sample is used in the Quarterly Survey on Earnings. The population of enterprises of each economic activity and ownership form is stratified by the number of employees. The number of strata in each economic activity and ownership form equals 6 (size class of enterprises by the number of employees: 1–9, 10–49, 50–99, 100–249, 250–499, 500 and more). A simple random sample is selected in each stratum.
Other sources
Maintenance agency	Not applicable
Updating frequency	Not applicable
Rules for clearance (of outdated information)	Not applicable
Voluntary/compulsory reporting and sanctions	If an enterprise does not respond to a questionnaire, a reminder is sent. Later, a warning is sent. At the latest stage, an administrative violation record is drawn.
Remarks

Annexes:
JVS_sample_size_2022

3.2. Frequency of data collection

Reference dates

Job vacancies – the last working day of the reference quarter; occupied posts – quarterly average.

3.3. Data collection

Brief description of the data collection method(s)

Statistical data are collected using electronic statistical data preparation and transfer system e. Statistika. Data about job vacancies are collected with the quarterly statistical questionnaire DA-01. The Questionnaire DA-01 (only in Lithuanian) is published at https://estatistika.stat.gov.lt/ataskaitu-formos.html. The questionnaire includes instructions and controls. Reminder letters are sent to the enterprises which have not returned the questionnaire by the required deadline.

Total number of occupied posts is derived directly from administrative source (Sodra) as definition is the same (the number of employees).

Data of Sodra are obtained monthly from the Sodra database, data are transferred to the data storage of Statistics Lithuania. Data for the reporting quarter are selected from the Sodra database by type of social security contributor. Only companies belonging to the population in the Sodra database are taken into account for the calculations.

Quality of administrative data is ensured by searching for different or missing values and analysing the results obtained.

3.4. Data validation

Optional

3.5. Data compilation

Brief description of the weighting method

Horvitz-Thompson estimator is applied.

The weights w_h are calculated within stratum h using the following formula:

w_h= N_h/n_h

– N_h the size of the stratum (number of enterprises in the stratum h);

– n_h sample size in the stratum h.

The weights w_h are corrected taking into account the number of non-responding units in the stratum. Two types of non-response are observed – legitimate and illegitimate. The weight w'_h is substituted by the weight w_h if illegitimate non-response takes place in the stratum h:

w'_h= N_h/ (n_h- n_h⁽ⁱ⁾)

where n_h⁽ⁱ⁾ is the number of illegitimate non-responding enterprises in the stratum h.

3.6. Adjustment

Optional

4. Quality management

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4.1. Quality assurance

Optional

4.2. Quality management - assessment

Optional

5. Relevance

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5.1. Relevance - User Needs

Description of the national users and their main needs

Remarks

The main users of job vacancies statistics are state and municipal authorities and agencies, the media, representatives of business and science, students and European institutions. Job vacancies statistics are required when taking decisions related to structural employment indicators and as a reference source to get a more reliable assessment of the situation on the labour market. The information is also necessary when assessing the labour supply and demand and identifying the weakness of the labour market.

5.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

Extent to which the needs of national users are satisfied (voluntary)	Remarks
No information about users satisfaction.

5.3. Completeness

Description of missing variables and missing breakdowns of the variables

Report progress on the implementation measures regarding quarterly job vacancies statistics of Regulation (EC) No 453/2008, including :

- a detailed plan and timetable for completing implementation

- a summary of the remaining deviations from EU concepts

None

The content, periodicity, level of detail, methods and timing of compilation of the indicator are fully compliant with the requirements of the EU legislation governing the production of this indicator.

5.3.1. Data completeness - rate

Optional

6. Accuracy and reliability

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6.1. Accuracy - overall

Optional

6.2. Sampling error

See below.

6.2.1. Sampling error - indicators

Coefficient of variation (taking into account the sampling design) or estimated sampling error for the number of job vacancies (see guidelines).

The coefficient of variation has been chosen as a measure of reliability of estimates. The coefficient of variation of the total of the Horvitz–Thompson estimator is equal to:

where

– = the total of the Horvitz–Thompson estimator for variable y;

– N_h= population size in the stratum h;

– n_h = sample size in the stratum h;

– ,

where y_hk is the value of variable y for k-th element from the stratum h.

The coefficient of variation of estimates of job vacancies broken down by economic activity is presented in the Annex, 'Precision 2022'.

The number of occupied posts is derived directly from administrative sources as definitions are the same. The coefficient of variation of number of occupied posts is not calculated.

Annexes:
Precision_2022

6.3. Non-sampling error

Information on variables with non-negligible measurement and processing errors	Information on main sources of (non-negligible) measurement and processing errors and, if available, on methods applied for correction	Estimation bias: An assessment of the non-sampling errors, in terms of the absolute number of vacant posts, for the total number of job vacancies and, where possible, for aggregation level of NACE Rev. 2 specified in Annex 1 to this Regulation and size classes (1-9, 10 + employees).	Remarks
Statistical data are collected using electronic statistical data preparation and transfer system e.Statistika. Respondents were contacted in order to explain or correct information. Errors not related to the sample do not have a significant effect on the results.	Data collection and editing in the Quarterly Survey on Earnings was made at the Data Preparation Division where the first logical control was accomplished. The second control of data was accomplished at the Labour Statistics Division. The enterprises were re-contacted by phone and the required corrections were made in the primary database in cases when errors occurred. It was supposed that after the corrections no measurement errors were left. Consultations by e-mail were chosen as the main method for reducing the measurement errors.	Not available.

6.3.1. Coverage error

Description of any difference between the reference population and the study population	Description of classification errors	Description of any difference between the reference dates and the reference quarter	Any other relevant information
Coverage errors are not calculated. The frame is based on the Statistical Register of Economic Entities. This Register is maintained and updated on a regular basis with data from various statistical surveys and administrative data sources. The frame is fixed for one year. The quality of this Register is quite high and coverage errors are supposed to be minor.	Not requested	Not requested	Not requested

6.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate

Optional

6.3.1.2. Common units - proportion

Optional

6.3.2. Measurement error

[see 6.3. non-sampling error]

6.3.3. Non response error

See below.

6.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate

Unit response rate

The unit non-response rate is presented in the Annex 'Unit non-response rate by economic activity 2022'.

Annexes:
Unit non-response rate_2022

6.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate

Optional

6.3.4. Processing error

[see 6.3. non-sampling error]

6.3.4.1. Imputation - rate

Item imputation rate and methods and, where possible, the effect of imputation on the estimates for the variables transmitted

Not applicable

6.3.5. Model assumption error

If modelling is used, include a description of the models used. Particular emphasis should be given to models for imputation or grossing-up to correct for unit non-response.

Not applicable

6.4. Seasonal adjustment

Brief description of seasonal adjustment procedures, in particular with regard to the European Statistical System guidelines on seasonal adjustment which have been endorsed and supported by the SPC.

Seasonal adjustment for the JVS is made according to the ESS guidelines on seasonal adjustment. The Tramo-Seats method in Demetra+ (version 2.2.2.) is used for seasonal adjustment.

Seasonal adjustment models and parameters are revised and fixed for one year when the data of Q4 are available. Seasonally adjusted data are recalculated.

Model parameters are fixed for the current year. For the next three quarters, the procedure of adjustment is as follows. Every quarter we evaluate SA adjusted data using fixed model parameters. In some cases, concurrent versus current adjustment is performed to make sure the model is good. The model, outliers, parameters and factors are re-estimated and compared with the current adjustment. An indirect method is used for the seasonal adjustment.

Models are chosen using a detailed analysis module. Logarithm transformation is tested. Seasonal and calendar factors are estimated, 2 regressors (working days and weekend days) are used, outliers are detected and corrected, the Lithuanian national holiday calendar is used. The components of the model are analysed by economic sense.

Traditional statistical methods are used for the validation of the models. Diagnostic statistics are used to control the quality of seasonal adjustment. The significance levels, the number of outliers and statistics on residuals (residual seasonality, normality, residual asymmetry, etc.) in data series are controlled.

Annexes:
JVS seasonal adjustment

6.5. Data revision - policy

Optional

6.6. Data revision - practice

Provide a revision history, including the revisions in the published number of job vacancies and a summary of the reasons for the revisions.

Not applicable

6.6.1. Data revision - average size

Optional

7. Timeliness and punctuality

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7.1. Timeliness

See below

7.1.1. Time lag - first result

Information on the time span between the release of data at national level and the reference period of the data.

Job vacancies and occupied posts data should be transmitted to Eurostat within 70 days after the end of the reference quarter. Job vacancies and occupied posts data in 2022 were transmitted to Eurostat on time. The terms of transmission of these data to Eurostat are presented in the table below.

Year	Quarter	Planned data transmission according to the Regulation	Actual data transmission	Delay
2022	1Q	10/06/2022	25/05/2022	–
	2Q	09/09/2022	24/08/2022	–
	3Q	09/12/2022	23/11/2022	–
	4Q	11/03/2023	23/02/2023	–

7.1.2. Time lag - final result

Optional

7.2. Punctuality

See below

7.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication

Deadlines for the respondents to reply, also covering recalls and follow-ups	Period of the fieldwork	Period of data processing	Dates of publication of first results	Remarks
The respondents should reply not later than on the 18^th calendar day after the end of the reference quarter.	1–18 days after the end of the reference quarter.	18–45 days after the end of the reference quarter.	The first publication of results (a press release) – within 52–56 days after the end of the reference quarter.

8. Coherence and comparability

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8.1. Comparability - geographical

Information on differences between national and European concepts, and — to the extent possible — their effects on the estimation.

No differences between national and European concepts observed.

8.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient

Optional

8.2. Comparability - over time

Information on changes in definitions, coverage and methods in any two consecutive quarters, and their effects on the estimation.	Remarks
Job vacancy statistics are comparable since 2008Q1 (NACE B-S aggregation: from 2004Q1)

8.2.1. Length of comparable time series

Optional

8.3. Coherence - cross domain

Comparisons of data on the number of vacant jobs from other relevant sources when available, in total and broken down by NACE at section level when relevant, and reasons if the values differ considerably.

The comparison between the JVS occupied posts and the LFS number of employees together with the Beveridge curve are in the attached file. The differences in the two datasets (JVS and LFS) are due to the different methodologies used to produce the data.

Annexes:
LT beveridge curve
LT Comparison of JVS with LFS data

8.4. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics

Optional

8.5. Coherence - National Accounts

Optional

8.6. Coherence - internal

Optional

9. Accessibility and clarity

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9.1. Dissemination format - News release

Optional

9.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Dissemination scheme, including to whom the results are sent	Periodicity of national publication	References for publications of core results, including those with commentary in the form of text, graphs, maps, etc.	Information on what results, if any, are sent to reporting units included in the sample
The information is published in a press release according to the Official Statistics Calendar. The press release is available to the media free of charge. Job vacancy statistics information is provided in publications "Labour Market in Lithuania", "Lithuania in Figures". These annual publications in PDF format can be downloaded free of charge from the Official Statistics Portal, at e-library http://osp.stat.gov.lt.	Statistical information is published in a quarterly press release “Job Vacancies” and in the publications of Statistics Lithuania. Annual publications are available on the Official Statistics Portal, at http://osp.stat.gov.lt.	The users can access the press release and the Official Statistics Calendar on the Official Statistics Portal, at http://osp.stat.gov.lt. The information is published in the Database of Indicators, on the Official Statistics Portal.(Population and social statistics –> Job vacancies and occupied posts). The data can be downloaded in XLS, HTML, PDF, XLSX, CSV, XML and TXT formats.

9.3. Dissemination format - online database

Optional

9.3.1. Data tables - consultations

Optional

9.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Optional

9.5. Dissemination format - other

Optional

9.6. Documentation on methodology

Optional

9.7. Quality management - documentation

Description of and references for metadata provided	References for core methodological documents relating to the statistics provided	Description of main actions carried out by the national statistical services to inform users about the data	Remarks
Information on definitions and methodology can be found at Official Statistics Portal website (Home /All indicator/Statistics by themes/Population and social statistics/Job vacancies and occupied posts) in Metadata section	The survey methodology (in Lithuania) and metadata are available on the Official Statistics Portal, at http://osp.stat.gov.lt.	Publication of a press release in accordance with the Official Statistics Calendar.