Job vacancy statistics (jvs)

National Reference Metadata in ESS Standard for Quality Reports Structure (ESQRS)

Compiling agency: Statistics Austria www.statistik.at


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Statistical presentation
3. Statistical processing
4. Quality management
5. Relevance
6. Accuracy and reliability
7. Timeliness and punctuality
8. Coherence and comparability
9. Accessibility and clarity
10. Cost and Burden
11. Confidentiality
12. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

Download


1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Austria

www.statistik.at
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Directorate Population Statistics

Labour Market and Education
1.5. Contact mail address

Statistics Austria

Guglgasse 13

1110 Vienna

Austria


2. Statistical presentation Top
2.1. Data description

Job vacancy statistics (JVS) provide information on the level and structure of labour demand. The country transmits to Eurostat the quarterly data on the number of job vacancies and the number of occupied posts as well as provides the quality report under the JVS framework regulation and the two implementing regulations: the implementing regulation on the definition of a job vacancy, the reference dates for data collection, data transmission specifications and feasibility studies, as well as the implementing regulation on seasonal adjustment procedures and quality reports.
2.2. Classification system

The quarterly data are broken down by economic activity (at section level) in accordance with NACE Rev. 2 - Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community.
2.3. Coverage - sector

The data cover all the economic activities defined by NACE Rev. 2, except agriculture, forestry and fishing activities (optional in the JVS framework regulation), the activities of households as employers and the activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies.
2.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

A 'job vacancy' is defined as a paid post that is newly created, unoccupied, or about to become vacant:

(a) for which the employer is taking active steps and is prepared to take further steps to find a suitable candidate from outside the enterprise concerned; and

(b) which the employer intends to fill either immediately or within a specific period of time.

 

‘Active steps to find a suitable candidate’ include:

- notifying the job vacancy to the public employment services,

- contacting a private employment agency/head hunters,

- advertising the vacancy in the media (for example internet, newspapers, magazines),

- advertising the vacancy on a public notice board,

- approaching, interviewing or selecting possible candidates/potential recruits directly,

- approaching employees and/or personal contacts,

- using internships.

 

'Specific period of time’ refers to the maximum time the vacancy is open and intended to be filled. That period shall be unlimited; all vacancies for which active steps are continuing on the reference date shall be reported.

 

An 'occupied post’ means a paid post within the organisation to which an employee has been assigned.
2.5. Statistical unit

Enterprise
2.6. Statistical population

Enterprises with one and more employees
2.7. Reference area

The whole territory of the country
2.8. Coverage - Time

The quarterly data are available from 2009.
2.9. Base period

Not applicable


3. Statistical processing Top
3.1. Source data
Identification of the source of the data Continuous sample survey for the number of job vacancies. Statistics based on secondary data for the number of persons employed.
Coverage
- Geographical The whole territory of the country is included in the survey
- NACE NACE B to S
- Enterprise size Enterprises with at least one employee
Definition of the statistical unit The statistical unit is the enterprise
Remarks  
Sampling design
Base used for the sample Statistics Austria’s Business Register is used as the base for the sample. The frame population consists of approximately 250,000 enterprises in Austria with at least one employee.
Sampling design The survey’s underlying sample of approx. 6,000 enterprises per quarter is stratified by NACE Rev. 2 sections (18 sections) and further by size classes (no more than six) for the number of employees (average across the end of month levels in the previous quarter).

The sample size of approx. 6,000 businesses is broken down into 83 strata in proportion to the product of the current number of enterprises and an estimated standard deviation of the ‘Job Vacancies’ variable. It is thus optimal according to Neyman-Tschuprow. The largest enterprises (= those of the highest stratum) in each section from B to S are sampled in full. 

The sampled enterprises are randomly distributed across the quarter’s 13 reporting weeks in which the survey is to be concluded.
Retention/renewal of sampling units The sample is subject to a rotation principle: Every quarter, one fourth of the sampled enterprises (except for the highest size class in each section) is replaced by other enterprises in order to reduce the burden on respondents in smaller enterprises. The highest size class thus includes approx. 2,900 enterprises which remain in the sample on a permanent basis.
Sample size 6635 enterprises on average.

1st quarter: 6612

2nd quarter: 6567

3rd quarter: 6622

4th quarter: 6741
Stratification 18 NACE Rev. 2 sections x up to 6 size classes
Other sources
Maintenance agency Not applicable
Updating frequency Not applicable
Rules for clearance (of outdated information) Not applicable
Voluntary/compulsory reporting and sanctions The participation in the survey is voluntary
Remarks  
3.2. Frequency of data collection
Reference dates
Sampled enterprises are randomly distributed across the quarter’s 13 reporting weeks in which the survey is to be concluded.
3.3. Data collection
Brief description of the data collection method(s) Remarks
The data are collected via telephone interviews and a web questionnaire. While most of the survey is conducted either by phone or web, the questionnaire can also be returned by e-mail to Statistics Austria upon completion.   
3.4. Data validation

Data is checked by class size.
3.5. Data compilation
Brief description of the weighting method Weighting dimensions
Weighting is performed by using auxiliary information and ratio estimation. That means that the number of job vacancies in each stratum (NACE Rev. 2 crossed with size class) is multiplied by a grossing-up weight resulting from the quotient of the number of employed persons in the population divided by the number of employed persons in the sample. Employed figures (quarterly average) are extracted from the business register (i.e. indirectly from the Federation of Social Insurances). Strata
3.6. Adjustment

See information on seasonal adjustment in point 6.4


4. Quality management Top
4.1. Quality assurance

Optional
4.2. Quality management - assessment

Optional


5. Relevance Top
5.1. Relevance - User Needs
Description of users and their respective needs with respect to the statistical data Remarks
Federal Ministry of Labour and Economy:
  • Job Vacancies per quarter
  • Employees per quarter
  • Average per year

Public Employment Service Austria

National Press

  
5.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
Extent to which the needs of national users are satisfied (voluntary) Remarks
   
5.3. Completeness
Description of missing variables and missing breakdowns of the variables Report progress on the implementation measures regarding quarterly job vacancies statistics of Regulation (EC) No 453/2008, including :

- a detailed plan and timetable for completing implementation

- a summary of the remaining deviations from EU concepts
There are no missing variables concerning the regulation. There are no deviations from EU concepts.
5.3.1. Data completeness - rate

100%


6. Accuracy and reliability Top
6.1. Accuracy - overall

Optional
6.2. Sampling error

See 6.2.1
6.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Coefficient of variation (taking into account the sampling design) or estimated sampling error for the number of job vacancies (see guidelines).

The standard errors and coefficients of variations were calculated with SAS CLAN.

 

NACE sector 1st quarter 2nd quarter 3rd quarter 4th quarter
B-S 3,7 3,2 3,1 3,7
B 24,6 30,2 31,3 30,5
C 7,1 8,3 8,7 7,3
D 22,7 19,1 23,5 19,7
E 33,8 32,5 24,6 56,7
F 9,0 9,0 9,4 10,5
G 9,1 8,0 7,6 8,5
H 22,4 19,4 18,1 19,1
I 13,5 9,1 8,6 8,6
J 11,0 9,4 11,1 18,9
K 25,5 24,1 21,0 15,4
L 29,9 31,0 33,1 31,0
M 12,1 13,4 11,0 11,7
N 13,8 10,3 10,2 14,7
O 16,1 15,9 13,4 13,8
P 24,0 14,7 17,0 20,6
Q 13,9 9,7 9,6 12,4
R 27,9 41,5 36,3 46,0
S 27,2 23,2 19,8 26,3
6.3. Non-sampling error
Information on variables with non-negligible measurement and processing errors Information on main sources of (non-negligible) measurement and processing errors and, if available, on methods applied for correction Estimation bias: An assessment of the non-sampling errors, in terms of the absolute number of vacant posts,  for the total number of job vacancies and, where possible, for aggregation level of NACE Rev. 2 specified in Annex 1 to this Regulation and size classes (1-9, 10 + employees). Remarks
Not relevant Not relevant Not relevant  
6.3.1. Coverage error
Description of any difference between the reference population and the study population Description of classification errors Description of any difference between the reference dates and the reference quarter Any other relevant information
Not relevant Start-ups without employees but looking for staff are slightly undercovered. With regard to classification, the business register shows weaknesses in ÖNACE 2008 activities O to S. These weaknesses were separately analysed under a contract with Eurostat (No. 10201.2008.002-2008). There are no such differences known.  
6.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate

Optional
6.3.1.2. Common units - proportion

Optional
6.3.2. Measurement error

Optional
6.3.3. Non response error

See 6.3.3.1
6.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Unit response rate

1st quarter: 74.4%

2nd quarter: 75.7%

3rd quarter: 75.8%

4th quarter: 76.7%
6.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate

Optional
6.3.4. Processing error

See below
6.3.4.1. Imputation - rate
Item imputation rate and methods and, where possible, the effect of imputation on the estimates for the variables transmitted
There is no imputation needed, because there is no item-non-response.
6.3.5. Model assumption error
If modelling is used, include a description of the models used. Particular emphasis should be given to models for imputation or grossing-up to correct for unit non-response.
No model is used.
6.4. Seasonal adjustment
Brief description of seasonal adjustment procedures, in particular with regard to the European Statistical System guidelines on seasonal adjustment which have been endorsed and supported by the SPC.
Quarterly transmission include fully adjusted time series beginning with Q1 2010. Seasonal adjustment using X-13-ARIMA method.


Annexes:
SA quality report_2022_AT
6.5. Data revision - policy

Not relevant
6.6. Data revision - practice
Provide a revision history, including the revisions in the published number of job vacancies and a summary of the reasons for the revisions.
Not relevant
6.6.1. Data revision - average size

Optional


7. Timeliness and punctuality Top
7.1. Timeliness

See below
7.1.1. Time lag - first result
Information on the time span between the release of data at national level and the reference period of the data.
Data is released at national level approx. 6 weeks after the end of the reference quarter.
7.1.2. Time lag - final result

Optional
7.2. Punctuality

See below
7.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
Deadlines for the respondents to reply, also covering recalls and follow-ups Period of the fieldwork Period of data processing Dates of publication of first results Remarks

The enterprises are asked to complete the web questionnaire within the three days from Monday to Wednesday in their respective reporting weeks. If they do not respond within this time frame, they are contacted again on Thursday to conduct the interview via telephone. Should the respondents then wish to answer via e-mail, fax or the web questionnaire, they are asked to answer within two weeks. 

 2022 Q1: 1st January 2022 until 31st March 2022

2022 Q2: 1st April 2022 until 30th June 2022

2022 Q3: 1st July 2022 until 30th September 2022

2022 Q4: 1st October 2022 until 31st December 2022

 End of fieldwork until publication of first results 2022 Q1: 6th May 2022

2022 Q2: 5th August 2022

2022 Q3: 4th November 2022

2022 Q4: 10th February 2023

  


8. Coherence and comparability Top
8.1. Comparability - geographical
Information on differences between national and European concepts, and — to the extent possible — their effects on the estimation.
The Austrian results are comparable with other countries as there are no differences between the Austrian and the European concepts.
8.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient

Optional
8.2. Comparability - over time
Information on changes in definitions, coverage and methods in any two consecutive quarters, and their effects on the estimation. Remarks
From the first quarter of 2009 on, the results are completely comparable. Austria launched a pilot survey in 2004/05, the result of this survey is comparable (NACE Rev. 1.1 was used).   

 

Additional information to be provided for the FIRST Quality Report
Description of the sources used for the back data and the methodology employed Not applicable
Description of any differences between the coverage (economic activities, employees, variables) of the back data and that of the current data Not applicable
Description of the comparability of the back data and the current data Not applicable
Remarks  
8.2.1. Length of comparable time series

See 8.2
8.3. Coherence - cross domain
Comparisons of data on the number of vacant jobs from other relevant sources when available, in total and broken down by NACE at section level when relevant, and reasons if the values differ considerably.

The Austrian Public Employment Service (AMS) offers enterprises the option of reporting job vacancies to approximately 100 regional offices. The AMS then provides free placement services to eligible candidates. The job vacancy survey also asked employers whether they had reported vacancies to the AMS. The AMS identifies job vacancies according to several characteristics: Though comparison with the present job vacancy survey is possible for the NACE 2008 sections, it shows that the sampling error is rather high in some figures of the job vacancy survey.

The comparison between the JVS occupied posts and the LFS number of employees together with the Beveridge curve are in the attached file.


Annexes:
AT Beveridge curve 2022
AT Comparison of JVS with LFS data 2022
8.4. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics

Optional
8.5. Coherence - National Accounts

Employees are taken from the same source (Social Security Institutions Account).
8.6. Coherence - internal

Optional


9. Accessibility and clarity Top
9.1. Dissemination format - News release

See 9.2
9.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Dissemination scheme, including to whom the results are sent Periodicity of national publication References for publications of core results, including those with commentary in the form of text, graphs, maps, etc. Information on what results, if any, are sent to reporting units included in the sample
Quarterly publication at the website of Statistics Austria

Included in the quarterly and yearly publications of labour market statistics

Included in quarterly press releases for labour market statistics

Yearly press release for job vacancies

 Quarterly Website

German: https://www.statistik.at/statistiken/arbeitsmarkt/arbeitskraeftenachfrage/offene-stellen

English: https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/labour-market/labour-demand/job-vacancies

Press releases

German: https://www.statistik.at/statistiken/arbeitsmarkt/arbeitskraeftenachfrage/offene-stellen
select “Pressemitteilungen”

English: https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/labour-market/labour-demand/job-vacancies
select “Press releases”

Quarterly and yearly publications of labour market statistics

German: https://www.statistik.at/statistiken/arbeitsmarkt/erwerbsstatus
select “Publikationen”

English: https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/labour-market/activity-status select

"Press releases"

 Not applicable
9.3. Dissemination format - online database

See 9.2
9.3.1. Data tables - consultations

https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/labour-market/labour-demand/job-vacancies
9.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Not available.
9.5. Dissemination format - other

Not available.
9.6. Documentation on methodology

See 9.7
9.7. Quality management - documentation
Description of and references for metadata provided References for core methodological documents relating to the statistics provided Description of main actions carried out by the national statistical services to inform users about the data Remarks
There is an overall metadata report available (in German) for the job vacancy survey since the 1st quarter 2009 at the website of Statistics Austria (https://www.statistik.at/fileadmin/pages/265/offene-stellen-erhebung_ab_2009.pdf) Methodological aspects are included in the metadata report. The main results are included in the quarterly press releases and quarterly and yearly publications of labour market statistics. There is also a yearly press release for job vacancies. The data is available at the website of Statistics Austria (quarterly update), there is also detailed metadata provided.

Dates for press and data releases are made available in a calendar at the website (https://www.statistik.at/en/medien/release-calendar).

  
9.7.1. Metadata completeness - rate

Optional
9.7.2. Metadata - consultations

Optional


10. Cost and Burden Top

Average cost per unit 10 Euro. There are no administrative costs included.

Average duration of questionnaire response 6 minutes per unit.


11. Confidentiality Top
11.1. Confidentiality - policy

Pursuant to Austria’s Federal Statistics Act (Bundesstatistikgesetz) 2000, § 19 paragraphs 2 and 3, publications are subject to Statistics Austria’s tried and tested practice of primary and secondary non-disclosure.
11.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Disclosure rules: Brief description of when data have to be deleted for reasons of confidentiality
All information made available to Statistics Austria in the course of the survey has been treated with strict confidentiality. Identification of the reporting units was only accessible to the relevant persons in charge for the following purposes:

•              To monitor compliance with obligatory provision of information

•              To correct or complete information provided

Individual data are not passed on.


12. Comment Top
Special remarks
None.


Related metadata Top


Annexes Top