1.1. Contact organisation
Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat)
1.2. Contact organisation unit
Science and Technology Statistics
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Devlet Mahallesi Necatibey Cad. No:114 06420
Çankaya/Ankara
Türkiye
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
9 July 2024
2.2. Metadata last posted
9 July 2024
2.3. Metadata last update
9 July 2024
3.1. Data description
The EU survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals is an annual survey conducted since 2002. In Türkiye, it has been conducted since 2004.
In 2024, the survey collects data on the access to information and communication technologies (ICT), on the use of the internet, e-government, and e-commerce, internet of things, as well as green ICT.
3.1.1. Survey name in national and English languages
National language: Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri (BT) Kullanım Araştırması
English: Survey on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Usage in Households and by Individuals
Questionnaire(s) in national language(s) and the translation in English are available in the Annexes below.
Annexes:
Questionnaire in Turkish
Questionnaire in English
3.2. Classification system
The following common concepts and definitions apply under the Integrated European Social Statistics (IESS):
- the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011 published in the following breakdowns: low (ISCED levels 0-2: no formal education, primary education or lower secondary education), medium (ISCED levels 3-4: upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education) and high (ISCED levels 5-6: tertiary programmes which normally need a successful completion of ISCED 3 or 4, or second-stage tertiary education leading to an advanced research qualification);
- the International Standard Classification for Occupation ISCO-08 at the 2-digit level;
- the Classification of Economic Activities (NACE Rev.2-2008), at section level;
- the Common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS 1) – finer granularity of NUTS 2 is provided on optional basis by some Member States;
- the SCL – Geographical code list;
- information about household income is provided at lower level of detail.
Additional classifications used in the national questionnaire: No additional classification is used in the national questionnaire.
3.3. Coverage - sector
The ICT survey in households and by individuals covers those households having at least one member in the age group 16 to 74 years old. Internet access of households refers to the percentage of households that have an internet access, so that anyone in the household could use the internet.
3.3.1. Differences in scope at national level
The scope of the national survey is not different from the main Eurostat scope.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
The survey is collecting data of internet users, individuals who have used the internet in the three months prior to the survey.
This annual survey is used to benchmark ICT-driven developments, both by following developments for core variables over time and by looking in greater depth at other aspects at a specific point in time. While the survey initially concentrated on access and connectivity issues, its scope has subsequently been extended to cover a variety of subjects (for example, the use of internet, e-government, e-commerce, internet of things and green ICT) and socio-economic analysis (such as regional diversity, gender specificity, differences in age, education and the employment situation). The scope of the survey with respect to different technologies is also adapted to cover new product groups and means of delivering communication technologies to end-users.
For more details on the methodology applicable in each survey year, please consult the Compilers' Manual for the respective year.
Deviations from standard ICT concepts: No deviations from standard ICT concepts.
3.5. Statistical unit
Households and Individuals
3.6. Statistical population
In the ICT usage survey, the target population for the different statistical units is:
- individuals: all individuals aged 16 to 74;
- households: all (private) households with at least one member aged 16 to 74.
Target population composed of households and/or individuals:
- Number of households: Not applicable
- Number of individuals: 61.369.440 (projected population)
3.6.1. Non-compulsory age groups
Non-compulsory age groups also included in the target population:
| No | Yes | Age scope | |
| Individuals younger than 16? | x | ||
| Individuals older than 74? | x |
3.6.2. Population not covered by the data collection
| Non-target population (the difference between the total population and the target population) | Households | Individuals |
|---|---|---|
| Approximate number of units outside the general scope of the survey (for example individuals younger than 16 or older than 74; households with all members over 74 years old). | 22.762.658 (projected population) |
|
| Estimate of the resulting percentage of under-coverage (non-covered population compared to the total country), if applicable |
3.7. Reference area
All settlements in Türkiye are covered in sample selection.
Residential households which have household members within the borders of the Republic of Türkiye have been covered. Institutional population includes the population at nursing homes, old age asylums, dormitories, prisons and detention houses, military units and barracks.
Target population: All individuals 16-74 years old living in households in the borders of the Republic of Türkiye.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Year 2024
3.9. Base period
Not applicable
Percentages of ‘Households’ and Percentages of ‘Individuals’
For most questions the reference period is the last three months before the interview. Questions in the modules on e-government and eID refer to the 'last year' before the interview.
Deviation from this statement: No deviations from this statement
5.1. Survey period
01 April 2024 - 24 May 2024
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
The legal basis for the 2024 EU survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals is the Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 October 2019 establishing a common framework for European statistics relating to persons and households, based on data at individual level collected from samples (OJ L 261 I, 14 October 2019, p. 1), as implemented by the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1484 of 18 July 2023 specifying the technical items of the data set, establishing the technical formats for transmission of information and specifying the detailed arrangements and content of the quality reports on the organisation of a sample survey in the use of information and communication technologies domain for reference year 2024 in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 182, 19 July 2023, pp. 100-149) and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1797 of 7 July 2023 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council by specifying the number and titles of the variables for the use of information and communication technologies statistics domain for the reference year 2024 (OJ L 233, 21 September 2023).
Complementary national legislation constituting the legal basis for the survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals: Turkish Statistical Law No. 5429 of November 10, 2005
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
According to Statistical Law of Turkey:
- Article 9 (Access to administrative data) of the law states that: “In order to be used for the production of official statistics, the institutions and organizations are obliged to submit or open to use of the Presidency the records and other data files they compile, process and store regarding their working areas, and all kinds of maps and data obtained by remote sensing within the specified period and free of charge.
Obligation to respond and boundaries
- Article 8: "Statistical units, in the framework of the fundamental rights and tasks identified in the Constitution, are obliged to submit to the Presidency all the required information or data, which will be used for producing the official statistics on economy, social, demography, culture, environment, science, technology and other required fields, completely, accurately and free of charge in the form, period and standards specified by the Presidency."
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
STATISTICS LAW OF TURKEY No. of the Law: 5429 Date of Approval: 10 November 2005 Published Official Gazette: Date: 18 November 2005 No. 25997
Confidential data ARTICLE 13 - Confidential data can be accessed only by the ones involved in the production of official statistics, to the extent that they need for performing their duties properly. If the number of the statistical unit in any cell of the data table formed by aggregating the individual data is less than three or one or two of the statistical units are dominant even if the number of units is three or more, the data in the concerned cell is considered confidential. The confidential data compiled, processed and preserved for the production of official statistics cannot be delivered to any administrative, judiciary or military authority or person, cannot be used for purposes other than statistics or as an instrument of proof. Civil servants and other staff in charge of compiling and processing these data are obliged to comply with this rule. This obligation continues after the related personnel leave their duties and posts. The rulers of the institutions and organisations producing official statistics shall take all measures to prevent any illicit access, use or revelation of the confidential data. Data or information obtained from sources that are open to all people shall not be deemed confidential. Data confidentiality ceases when a statistical unit gives written approval for the revelation of confidential data concerning itself. Confidential data can be published only as combined with other data so as not to allow any direct or indirect identification. Principles and procedures relating to data confidentiality and security shall be regulated through statutes to be issued in line with national and international principles and by soliciting the opinion of relevant institutions and organisations.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
The information is collected to be used only for statistical work, privacy is guaranteed by Law No. 5429. It cannot be used as evidence for emergence of any liability or investigation. This privacy is the legal responsibility of Turkish Statistical Institute.
Data tables are formed by aggregating the individual data and published without allowing any direct or indirect identification.
8.1. Release calendar
Based on the Turkish Statistical Law, National data release calendar has been prepared by TurkStat in coordination with other institutions and updated regularly each year since 2007. The purpose of the calendar is to provide more timely and effectively release of official statistics by all institutions within the scope of the Official Statistics Programme.
By means of the National Data Release Calendar, publication dates and times of official statistics are announced in advance, thus decision makers and users are informed about official statistics timely.
8.2. Release calendar access
The release calendar can be accessed via Official Statistics Portal.
8.3. Release policy - user access
The Official Statistics Programme, based on the Statistics Law of Turkey No 5429, is prepared for a 5-year-period in order to determine the basic principles and standards dealing with the production and dissemination of official statistics and to produce reliable, timely, transparent and impartial data required at national and international level.
Principles ARTICLE 4 - In order to improve the quality of official statistics, statistics produced within the scope of Official Statistics Programme shall be prepared and implemented in accordance with the principles of reliability, consistency, impartiality, statistical confidentiality, timeliness and transparency. The basic principles are as follows; ensuring the accuracy of official statistics, presenting the data to all users on the same time and on impartial base, respecting the principles of confidentiality and protecting the rights of the public to access the information. All relevant information and methods used in producing official statistics shall be made public in order to allow the evaluation of the quality of official statistics and their compliance with the principles. All institutions and organisations as well as their staff in charge of implementing the Programme are obliged to act in accordance with the provisions of this law or any further regulations that may be issued on the basis of it.
Implementation Principles ARTICLE 5 - The Programme clearly states the objectives, coverage, methods, frequency, work plan and dissemination principles, and identifies the institutions and organisations responsible for implementation and coordination of the relevant work of all official statistics. These institutions and organisations are obliged to perform and fulfil duties and responsibilities assigned by the Programme within specified time. These duties and responsibilities start when the programme comes into force.
Annual
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
Publication and Dissemination: Statistics produced at the end of the survey can be accessed on TurkStat's website. The statistics produced are made available through channels that will allow access by users of all levels and environments.
Press releases can be accessed through Data Portal for Statistics.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Press releases and statistical tables can be accessed through Data Portal for Statistics.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
No online database
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations
Not available
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
Within the framework of the legislation, researchers' request for access to micro data is provided. Data are accessible in micro-data form. Instructions for the Access and Use of Micro Data (in Turkish and English) is attached.
Annexes:
Instructions for the Access and Use of Micro Data (TR)
Instructions for the Access and Use of Micro Data (EN)
10.5. Dissemination format - other
No other dissemination format
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations
Not available
10.6. Documentation on methodology
Both referential and structural metadata for the survey in general and the data tables can be accessed through Data Portal for Statistics.
10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate
Not available
10.7. Quality management - documentation
Institutional Quality Report is attached.
Annexes:
Institutional Quality Report
11.1. Quality assurance
TurkStat Quality Assurance Framework (in Turkish) is attached.
Annexes:
TurkStat Quality Assurance Framework
11.2. Quality management - assessment
Institutional Quality Report can be accessed through TurkStat web page.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
TurkStat gives importance to user needs. Data needs are regularly discussed at Official Statistics Program (OSP) Working Groups as well as at Statistical Council Meetings. During the preparation of the OSP, TurkStat reviews its activities and takes into account user needs. User needs are evaluated and analyzed and reported annually. The purpose, duties and responsibilities of the OSP Working Groups are defined in the “Directive on Formation and Working Procedures of Official Statistics Program Working Groups”. The Directive (in Turkish) is attached.
Annexes:
Directive on Formation and Working Procedures of Official Statistics Program Working Groups
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
TurkStat regularly conducts User Satisfaction Survey. It records the requests from the users regularly and evaluates them in order to make a needs analysis. TurkStat acts in accordance with the "Internal Circular on the Evaluation and Prioritization of User Needs" prepared (in Turkish) for meeting the requests from national or international users, evaluating them in RIP working groups and adding them to the program.
Annexes:
Internal Circular on the Evaluation and Prioritization of User Needs
12.3. Completeness
Missing variables and the reasons are listed below:
- For the variable INTDATE, there is no exact date of the first interview. Questionnaires were first filled by interviewers offline and then sent to the survey portal online. Therefore, there is a time difference between actual interviewing time and sending the filled form online.
- For the variable TIME, in the Turkish case it is not possible to measure this variable by using available survey paradata.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
99% of mandatory variables
13.1. Accuracy - overall
No available information.
13.2. Sampling error
Estimation method(s) for the random variation of an estimator due to sampling: Taylor linearization
Formula:
Tools used to estimate sampling errors: ReGenesees (R evolved Generalized Software for Sampling estimates and Erros in Surveys) is an R package developed by ISTAT for design based and model assisted analysis of complex sample surveys. It contains multi-stage, stratified, clustered, unequally weighted survey designs. Sampling variance estimation for non-linear (smooth) estimators is done by Taylor series linearisation. Sampling variance estimation for multi-stage designs can be done under ultimate cluster approximation or by means of an actual multi-stage computation. “ext.calibrated” function in ReGenesees is designed to take into account the final weights as well as the calibration model and adjust weights by taking calibration as an input in the variance estimation by using the asymptotic equivalence of all calibration estimators to the GREG and by linearising the GREG for variance estimation. Ext. Calibrated, svtstatR in ReGenesees package are used for estimation of sampling errors.
The method used to assess the standard errors takes into account the following specific effects:
Unit non-response: Name of the method: Constructed response homogeneity groups.
Coverage errors (over-coverage, multiple listings): Name of the method: Calculation of over coverage rate.
Calibration: Name of the method: Integrated calibration with trimming.
Sampling method – estimation method – references: Multistage stratified cluster sampling-design based estimation.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Precision estimates for the question "Individuals having ordered goods or services for private use over the internet in the last 12 months" (individuals who ticked 'Within the last 3 months' or 'Between 3 months and a year ago' in the question “When did you last buy or order goods or services for private use over the internet?”):
Number of respondents (absolute value for ‘Yes’ answers): 11 604.
Estimated proportion (in %): 47.3 (%).
Standard error (in percentage points): 0.5094.
Table 13.2.1 of the file "Standard errors – Mandatory – Optional questions_TR – 2024" in the Annexes covers the number of respondents, estimated proportion and standard error for the indicator above.
13.3. Non-sampling error
See more details on non-sampling error below.
13.3.1. Coverage error
Households: 1580
Out of scope on basis of household address is evaluated as coverage error.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
1580 / 14100 = 11.21%
Out of scope /sample size.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not requested in the ICT survey.
13.3.2. Measurement error
1) Measurement errors:
Possible measurement errors:
- Respondent bias and erroneous responses;
- Incorrect statement of the interviewer;
- Unclear questions.
2) Questionnaire design and testing:
Efforts made in questionnaire design and testing:
- Seeking the opinions of the interviewer regarding the wording of the questionnaire;
- Adaptation of the questionnaire to different data collection modes;
- Testing the data entry program.
3) Interviewer training:
Interviewer training is provided on the content, flow and data entry program of the questionnaire. Within the scope of the epidemic measures, the trainings were held remotely instead of face to face. During the field application, close cooperation with the interviewers continues and the questions of the interviewers are answered comprehensively.
4) Proxy interview rates: No proxy.
13.3.3. Non response error
Information about non-respondents:
- Individuals with communication problem because of serious illness and disability.
- Individuals temporarily separated from the household for a short period of time due to travel and hospital stay.
- Individuals with very irregular commuting times.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
The unit non-response rate is the ratio of the number of in-scope non-respondents (= number of rejected interviews) to the number of eligible elements selected from the sampling frame.
Unit non-response rate for
- Households: 361 / 12 520 = 2.88%
- Individuals (aged 16-74): Not applicable
13.3.3.1.1. Unit non-response – sample sizes
| Number of households | Number of individuals | |||
| (aged 16-74) | (< 16) | (> 74) | ||
| Gross sample [A]The number of households/individuals initially selected from the sampling frame (if not applicable, indicate why below the table) | 14 100 | |||
| Ineligible: out-of-scope [B] For example, when a selected household is not in the target population because all members are over 75 years old or when no dwelling exists at the selected address, or a selected individual has died between the reference data of the sampling frame at the moment of the interview. | 1 580 | |||
| Number of eligible elements [C]Gross sample size corrected of the ineligible cases | 12 520 | |||
| Net sample size or final sample [D]The net sample size (or final sample) corresponds to the number of households/individuals that can be used in the final database. | 12 159 | |||
| Unit response rate [E] = [D] / [C]The unit response rate is the ratio of the number of in-scope respondents (= the number of achieved interviews or the net sample size) to the number of eligible elements selected from the sampling frame. | 0.9712 | |||
Comments: Sampling frame consists of household addresses and final sampling unit is household address. So, unit nonresponse is evaluated on the basis of household addresses.
Final sampling unit is household address.
Sampling unit is household addresses and target population is individuals between aged 16 and 74. Sample size consists of 13690 household addresses. TurkStat does not select individuals from the household addresses. TurkStat applied questionnaire form to all individuals belonging to 16-74 age group in selected household addresses at fieldwork. For more information, please see the item 18.1.2.
13.3.3.1.2. Unit non-response – methods, minimization and substitution
Methods used for dealing with unit non-response:
Non response adjustment was calculated to compensate the losses in the sample outcome due to non response. In this stage, non response adjustments were done within related groups for household and individual level. In order to conform the distribution of the sample with the projected population distributions (by NUTS1/ urban-rural classification (Densely populated areas, intermediate densely areas, thinly populated areas) and age/sex groups) and household size from registers integrated calibration with trimming was done on the weighted sample data.
Methods used for minimizing unit non-response:
Non response adjustments in homogenous groups and mixed mode data collection.
Substitution permitted: No.
Substitution rate (in %): No substitution.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Items with low response rates (observed rates in %): There are no items with low response rates and their observed rates.
13.3.4. Processing error
No available information.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not applicable
14.1. Timeliness
Date of data dissemination at national level: 27 August 2024.
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
Restricted from publication
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
Restricted from publication
14.2. Punctuality
The time lags (in days) between the actual delivery of the data and the target date is 0.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
The time lags (in days) between the actual delivery of the data and the target date is 0.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
There is no problem of comparability across the country’s regions.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
Not relevant
15.2. Comparability - over time
Possible limitations in the use of data for comparisons over time: Not relevant
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
The length of comparable time series depends on the module and variable considered within each of the modules of the survey.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Not applicable
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
Not applicable
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
Not applicable
15.4. Coherence - internal
All statistics are coherent within the dataset.
15.4.1. Survey questionnaire – mandatory questions
MANDATORY questions in the Eurostat model questionnaire 2024:
Table 15.4.1 of the file "Standard errors – Mandatory – Optional questions_TR – 2024" in the Annexes lists the questions for which the coverage of subjects and characteristics reflected in the national questionnaire differs from Annex 2 of the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1797 of 7 July 2023.
15.4.2. Survey questionnaire – optional questions
Adoption of OPTIONAL questions and items in the Eurostat model questionnaire 2024:
Table 15.4.2 of the file “Standard errors – Mandatory – Optional questions_TR – 2024” in the Annexes lists the optional questions from the annual Eurostat model questionnaire 2024 included in the national questionnaire and their coverage for age groups beyond the standard scope.
15.4.3. Survey questionnaire – additional questions at national level
Additional questions introduced in the national questionnaire in 2024:
Table 15.4.3 of the file “Standard errors – Mandatory – Optional questions_TR – 2024” in the Annexes covers the additional questions.
15.4.4. Survey questionnaire – deviations
Effects of deviations from the routing used in the Eurostat model questionnaire: No deviations from Eurostat’s routing otherwise.
Restricted from publication
17.1. Data revision - policy
Directive on Methods and Principles Regarding Revisions on Statistical Data Produced by Turkish Statistical Institute is attached.
17.2. Data revision - practice
Revision is not foreseen.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
Not relevant
18.1. Source data
The source of the raw data is described with more details in the paragraphs below.
18.1.1. Sampling frame
The frame used in ICT Usage Survey on households and individuals is updated by taking into account the National Address Database which is the base of 2007 Address Based Registry System. The sampling frame is used in updated in February 2024.
Type of source:
Survey vehicle: Stand-alone survey
Survey participation: Mandatory
18.1.2. Sampling design
Characteristics of the sampling design are detailed below.
The sampling design is based on probability design:
The sampling method of the ICT Usage Survey on households and individuals is a multistage stratified cluster sampling.
Stratification is based on (NUTS1 x Urban-Rural classification (Densely populated areas, intermediate densely areas, thinly populated areas) basis
Urban-Rural classification
Densely populated areas
intermediate densely areas
thinly populated areas
Nomenclature of Units For Territorial Statistics (NUTS) - Level 1:
- TR1 Istanbul
- TR2 West Marmara
- TR3 Agean
- TR4 East Marmara
- TR5 West Anatolia
- TR6 Mediterranean
- TR7 Central Anatolia
- TR8 West Black Sea
- TR9 East Black Sea
- TRA North East Anatolia
- TRB Central East Anatolia
- TRC South East Anatolia
The method used to select PSU (Primary Sampling Unit) is systematic sampling with probabilities proportional-to-size
In the first stage – primary sampling units are 1410 clusters (containing approximately 100 household addresses in each)
In the second stage - unit (Household addresses) 10 sample household addresses are determined from selected clusters by using systematic selection method.
Number of individuals interviewed in the household: All individuals belonging to 16-74 age group in selected household addresses: 27 516 (eligible individuals) and 26 273 (respondent individuals)
18.1.3. Net effective sample size
Restricted from publication
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Annual
18.3. Data collection
1) Methods used to gather data: CATI and CAPI
Data Collection Mode: Before 2020 data collection mode of the survey was Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). For 2020 and beyond, data collection has been transitioned to Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) mode. In cases where it was not possible to conduct a survey with CATI, it was conducted with CAPI.
2) Short description of the survey method:
Invitation to survey letters were sent to sample households before the beginning of the survey. The invitation letters contain the purpose of the survey, importance, usage of the results of ICT data, confidentiality and mandatory items and application method. For the CATI application, telephone numbers of individuals in the sample households were obtained from administrative sources and forwarded to the regional offices along with the address information of the sample households and individuals living in there (such as name-surname, age, gender). The sampling unit is household address. If another household moves to sample household address you interview the new household.
A special telephone line was purchased by TurkStat for phone calls. An informative short message (SMS) was sent to sample individuals on behalf of TurkStat for CATI application. In the message, in addition to the information contained in the invitation letter previously sent to the households, the name and surname of the interviewer who would call for the survey implementation and the period when the survey would be applied were also included.
Interviewers carry out survey interviews via telephones. Proxy answering is not allowed.
In cases where it was not possible to conduct a survey with CATI, it was conducted with CAPI.
3) Variables completed from an external source: No variables are completed from an external source.
18.4. Data validation
The checking and validation of the source data after compilation, as well as the monitoring and use of validation results (including checking coverage, response rates and inconsistencies), are conducted through the Institutional Quality Report, which includes:
- general information about the survey,
- sampling information and
- quality indicators
Institutional Quality Report can be accessed through TurkStat web page.
18.5. Data compilation
There is no imputation and combining input data from different sources in the survey.
The procedures for adjustment for non-response and the corrections to the design weights to account for differences in response rates are specified in concept 13.2.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
For the target indicator "Individuals having ordered goods or services for private use over the internet in the last 12 months" (individuals who ticked 'Within the last 3 months' or 'Between 3 months and a year ago' in the question “When did you last buy or order goods or services for private use over the internet?”:
Imputation rate (% of observations): Not applicable
Imputation rate (share of estimate): Not applicable
18.5.2. Use of imputation methods
Methods used to impute item non-response: Not applicable
18.5.3. Grossing-up procedures
Grossing up procedures have been applied to: Individuals
Description of the weighting procedures:
Firstly, base design weights which are inversely proportional to the overall selection probabilities are calculated. In the second stage, non-response adjustment is calculated to compensate the losses in the sample outcome due to non-response.
In the third stage, integrated calibration with trimming method is applied to conform sample distribution with the population distributions (on the basis of NUTS1* Urban-Rural classification(Densely populated areas, intermediate densely areas, thinly populated areas), age*sex groups and household size). Integrated calibration with trimming is done for respondent individuals on the weighted individuals in household addresses.
18.6. Adjustment
Not relevant
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Not relevant
No further comments.
The EU survey on the use of ICT in households and by individuals is an annual survey conducted since 2002. In Türkiye, it has been conducted since 2004.
In 2024, the survey collects data on the access to information and communication technologies (ICT), on the use of the internet, e-government, and e-commerce, internet of things, as well as green ICT.
9 July 2024
The survey is collecting data of internet users, individuals who have used the internet in the three months prior to the survey.
This annual survey is used to benchmark ICT-driven developments, both by following developments for core variables over time and by looking in greater depth at other aspects at a specific point in time. While the survey initially concentrated on access and connectivity issues, its scope has subsequently been extended to cover a variety of subjects (for example, the use of internet, e-government, e-commerce, internet of things and green ICT) and socio-economic analysis (such as regional diversity, gender specificity, differences in age, education and the employment situation). The scope of the survey with respect to different technologies is also adapted to cover new product groups and means of delivering communication technologies to end-users.
For more details on the methodology applicable in each survey year, please consult the Compilers' Manual for the respective year.
Deviations from standard ICT concepts: No deviations from standard ICT concepts.
Households and Individuals
In the ICT usage survey, the target population for the different statistical units is:
- individuals: all individuals aged 16 to 74;
- households: all (private) households with at least one member aged 16 to 74.
Target population composed of households and/or individuals:
- Number of households: Not applicable
- Number of individuals: 61.369.440 (projected population)
All settlements in Türkiye are covered in sample selection.
Residential households which have household members within the borders of the Republic of Türkiye have been covered. Institutional population includes the population at nursing homes, old age asylums, dormitories, prisons and detention houses, military units and barracks.
Target population: All individuals 16-74 years old living in households in the borders of the Republic of Türkiye.
For most questions the reference period is the last three months before the interview. Questions in the modules on e-government and eID refer to the 'last year' before the interview.
Deviation from this statement: No deviations from this statement
No available information.
Percentages of ‘Households’ and Percentages of ‘Individuals’
There is no imputation and combining input data from different sources in the survey.
The procedures for adjustment for non-response and the corrections to the design weights to account for differences in response rates are specified in concept 13.2.
The source of the raw data is described with more details in the paragraphs below.
Annual
Date of data dissemination at national level: 27 August 2024.
There is no problem of comparability across the country’s regions.
Possible limitations in the use of data for comparisons over time: Not relevant
