Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
- National Institute of Statistics Romania (NIS) - Labour Inspection – Ministry of Labor and Social Solidarity
1.2. Contact organisation unit
- Department of Studies, Demographic Projections and Population Census– NIS - IT Department – the Labour Inspection
1.3. Contact name
Restricted from publication
1.4. Contact person function
Restricted from publication
1.5. Contact mail address
- National Institute of Statistics - Libertatii Bvd., No.16, Sector 5, Bucharest, Romania, Postal code 050706 - Labour Inspection - Str. Matei Voievod, No. 14, Sector 2, Bucharest, Romania, Postal code 021455
1.6. Contact email address
Restricted from publication
1.7. Contact phone number
Restricted from publication
1.8. Contact fax number
Restricted from publication
2.1. Metadata last certified
5 July 2024
2.2. Metadata last posted
5 July 2024
2.3. Metadata last update
5 July 2024
3.1. Data description
Harmonised data on accidents at work are collected by Labour Inspection within the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity and sent to Eurostat by National Institute of Statistics (NIS) in the framework of the administrative data collection 'European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW)', on the basis of a European methodology developed by Eurostat, the Regulation (EC) no 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on community statistics on public health and health and safety at work and the Commission Regulation (EU) no 349/2011 implementing Regulation (EC) no. 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work.
Accidents at work statistics in Romania are regulated through the Law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work. The Labour Inspection is responsible with the data collection and management of the statistical database on accidents at work. The Labour Inspection collects data on accidents at work investigated and registered by the territorial labour inspectorates on the basis of the accident at work registration form (FIAM), established in the national legislation and submitted by employers. According to Law no.319/2006, military structures and structures with special status civil servants within the Ministry of Interior, General Directorate of Penitentiaries of the Ministry of Justice, Romanian Intelligence Service, Foreign Intelligence Service, the Protection and Guard Service, the Special Telecommunications Service, as well as the National Committee for the Control of the Nuclear Activities are excluded from the Labour Inspection national database, and they organize, coordinate and control the activity of safety and health at work of their own organizations through prevention and protection services created or appointed by such institutions. As an exception from the rule mentioned above, the non-military structures from Public order and safety activities (NACE code 84.2.4) and Fire service activities (NACE code 84.2.5) sectors are included in the Labour Inspection database.
The national microdata set of accidents at work sent to Eurostat covers all accidents at work reported to the authorities. The micro-data file include the following variables: - Case number; - Information on employer: economic activity of the employer and size of the enterprise; - Information on employee: employment status, occupation, age, sex and nationality of victim; - Information on accident: geographical location of the accident, date and time of the accident; - Information on victim: Type of injury, body part injured and the severity of the accident (number of full calendar days during which the victim is unfit for work excluding the day of the accident, permanent incapacity or death within one year of the accident) - Variables on causes and circumstances of the accident: workstation, working environment, working process, specific physical activity, material agent of the specific physical activity, deviation and material agent associated with deviation, contact - mode of injury and material agent of contact - mode of injury, road traffic accidents (RTA). The NACE variables (economic activity of the employer), GEO variables (geographical location of the accident) and SIZE variables (size of the company) refers to the employer who records the accident / the employer found responsible for the accident, according with national legislation, namely to information relating to the registered office of the employer, regardless of whether the accident occurred at the registered office or a subunit (place of business / subsidiary / branch) of the employer, except for the cases where the local unit where the accident occured has legal personality in which case, by law, inferes collecting the variables at local unit level.
In order to provide data regarding accidents at work and reporting of statistical indicators based on the variables regarding economic activity of the employer, the size of the enterprise and the geographical localisation of the accident related to the local unit of employment, steps are being taken by the Labour Inspection in order to change the specific national legislation for work security and health. Changes to the Methodological Norms of the Work security and health law should be made by the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity and the Ministry of Health (institutions with responsibilities in the field), together with the new revised Work security and health Law.
The data regarding the reference population for employees were provided for the period 2008-2022 (years of reference) from an annual survey regarding Salary earnings and labour cost conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and represents the number of employees at 31 December. In order to correlate with the national methodology for collecting accidents at work data, reference population data are aggregated on the basis of the main activity of the employer.
3.2. Classification system
For completion and submission to Eurostat of the ESAW micro-data the following classifications were used:
- NACE Rev. 2: 2nd revision of the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities starting with reference year 2008;
- ISCO-08: International Standard Classification of Occupations from reference year 2011;
- NUTS 2021: Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics.
- ICSE-93: International Classification by Status in Employment;
- The classifications mentioned in ESAW methodology developed by Eurostat on: employment status of the victim, nationality of the victim, type of accident, size of the enterprise, type of injury, severity, workstation, working environment, working process, specific physical activity, deviation, contact-mode of injury.
3.3. Coverage - sector
According to the national legislation regarding health and safety at work (Law no.319/2006), military structures and structures with special status civil servants within the Ministry of Interior, General Directorate of Penitentiaries of the Ministry of Justice, Romanian Intelligence Service, Foreign Intelligence Service, the Protection and Guard Service, the Special Telecommunications Service, as well as the National Committee for the Control of the Nuclear Activities are excluded, and they organize, coordinate and control the activity of safety and health at work of their own organizations through prevention and protection services created or appointed by such institutions. As an exception from the rule mentioned above, non-military structures from Public order and safety activities (NACE code 84.2.4) and Fire service activities (NACE code 84.2.5) sectors are included in the Labour Inspection database. The accidents at work for economic sector T "Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods and services -producing activities of households for own use" are not covered by health and safety at work legislation. According to the national legislation for health and safety at work, self-employed persons and family workers are covered by the compulsory national reporting system. However, the number of persons that are eligible to be included in the national reporting system according to the definition of the law is reduced due to the restrictive conditions for inclusion (as opposed to the LFS definition of self declared status):
Self-employed:
The status of the self-employed, according to the national law in health and safety at work, is established only for holders/owners of entities with the legal status of authorized natural person or individual enterprise, or for the sole owner of a limited liability company, without employees.
Family workers:
The status of family workers is established for entities with the legal status of family enterprise. If the members of a family enterprise are also authorized natural persons and their activity for the family enterprise is based on a collaboration relationship, they are registered as self-employed. Also, family workers that are employees of authorized natural persons are registered as employees.
3.3.1. Sector Coverage ESAW
COVERAGE OF ECONOMIC SECTORS (NACE), (Annual update expected)
NACE
NACE Rev.2
Coverage
A
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Y
B
Mining and quarrying
Y
off shores
Y
others
Y
C
Manufacturing
Y
D
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
Y
E
Water supply, sewerage, steam and air conditioning supply
Y
F
Construction
Y
G
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles
Y
H
Transportation and storage
Y
maritime transport (NACE 50)
Y
air transport (NACE 51)
Y
transport via Railways (NACE 49)
Y
post & telecomunications (NACE 53)
Y
I
Accomodation and food service activities
Y
J
Information and communication
Y
K
Financial and insurance activities
Y
L
Real state activities
Y
M
Professional, scientific and technical activities
Y
N
Administrative and support service activities
Y
O
Public administration and defence;compulsory social security
P*
of which police and firebrigades (NACE 84.24 and 84.25)
P*
P
Education
Y
Q
Human health and social work activities
Y
R
Arts, entertainment and recreation
Y
S
Other service activities
Y
T
Activities of households as employers; undiferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use
N**
U
Activites of extra territorial organisations and bodies
Y
Additional comments on coverage of economic sectors
*All economic activities are covered with exeption of Section O - PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE; COMPULSORY SOCIAL SECURITY, that excludes:
- Ministry of National Defence;
- military institutions personel and special status public servants working in Ministry of Administration and Interior institutions;
- National Administration of Penitentiaries under the Ministry of Justice;
- Foreign Intelligence Service;
- Protection and Guard Service;
- The Special Telecommunications Service;
- The National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control.
These institutions organise, coordinates and control the health and safety activity in their own units through prevention and protection services created by them, following the provisions of Law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work. The research, recording and traking of work accidents and occupational diseases occured in institution under their management are performed by own bodies. It covers Public order and safety activities (NACE code 84.2.4) and Fire service activities (NACE code 84.2.5) that are part of non-military structures.
**area not covered by health and safety at work legislation, however there are exceptional situations, due to incorrect interpretation of the legal stipulations, in which events are investigated and accidents at work are recorded in this field.
Codes:
y Sector fully covered n Sector not covered at all p Secor partially covered n.a. Not applicable, i.e. sector does not exist in country
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
The ESAW microdata include fatal and non-fatal accidents involving more than 3 calendar days of absence from work. If the accident does not lead to the death of the victim it is called a 'non-fatal' (or 'serious') accident. According with the national law, an accident at work is defined as a "violent injury or acute occupational intoxication, which took place during work or while fulfilling work duties, and which caused temporary work incapacity for at least 3 days, incapacity or death ". A non-fatal accident can cause: temporary work incapacity for at least 3 consecutive calendar days and is confirmed by a medical certificate or, where applicable, by medical documents, according to the law; invalidity confirmed by a decision of inclusion in an invalidity class, issued by a physician. A fatal work accident is the accident that resulted in the death of the victim, confirmed immediately or after a period of time, based on a forensic medical report.
The microdata file sent to Eurostat include the following type of accidents: a) the accident of people who perform duties of state or public interest, including through cultural activities, sports in the country or abroad, during and because of these tasks; b) the accident occurred in the cultural or athletic activities organized, during and because of carrying out these activities; c) the accident suffered by any person as a result of action taken their own initiative to save human lives and the accident occurred during or in preparation of an emergency intervention in the case of voluntary service organised in accordance with the law; d) accident suffered by any person as a result of action taken on their own initiative for the prevention or removal of a danger that threatens public and private property; e) accident caused by activities not related to the work process, if it occurs at the headquarters of the employer (a legal entity or a physical person) or at another location organised by the employer, during the work schedule, and which are not exclusively due to the negligence of the injured person; f) accident during a journey in the course of work; g) the accident before or after cessation of work, if the victim is taking or handing over work tools, the work station, equipment or materials, if changing clothes, protection equipment or any other equipment provided by the employer, if in the lavatory or if on the way out or in of the employment grounds; h) accident during regular breaks if occurred in places organized by the employer, as well as during and normal route to and from these places; i) accident of Romanian employees or physical persons workers, delegates for service duties abroad, during the duration and route of travel set out in the travel document; j) accident of Romanian personnel carrying out works and services in other countries on the basis of contracts, conventions or any other conditions prescribed by law, concluded by Romanian legal entities with foreign partners, during and due to performing of their duties; k) accident of persons who attend the training, retraining or further professional training courses, during and because of attending such activities; l) accident due to natural calamities caused by storms, blizzards, earthquakes, floods, landslides, lightning (shock), if the victim was in the process of work related activities; m) the disappearance of a person, in an accident of work conditions and in circumstances which entitle the presumption of death; n) the accident, as a result of an assault, of a person fulfilling their work duties. The micro-data file sent to Eurostat exclude the following type of accidents: a) accidents of persons who visit an enterprise and/or establishment with employer's permission; b) commuting accidents, if the travel was made during the normal time and normal route, from the permanent residence of the employee to the workplace organized by the employer and vice versa; c) deliberate self-inflicted injuries; d) occurrences caused solely by a medical condition (such as heart attack or stroke) that occurred during work, i.e. which were not (at least partially) caused by the occupational activity of the victim.
3.4.1. Definition of ESAW variables
COVERAGE OF ESAW VARIABLES (Annual update expected)
Economic activity of the employer
Y
Occupation of the victim
Y
Age of victim
Y
Sex of victim
Y
Type of injury
Y
Part of body injured
Y
Geographical location
Y
Date of the accident
Y
Time of the accident
Y
Size of enterprise
Y
Nationality
Y
Employment status
Y
Days lost
Ynum
Workstation
Y
Working environment
Y
Working process
Y
Specific physical activity
Y
Material agent of Specific physical activity
Y
Deviation
Y
Material agent of Deviation
Y
Contact – mode of injury
Y
Material agent of Contact - Mode of injury
Y
Road traffic accidents (RTA)
Y
Weight
N
Type of weight (under-reporting - U; sampling - S; special sampling - Sp)
-
Additional comments on coverage of ESAW variables
-
Codes:
Coverage y Variable fully covered n Variable not covered at all, i.e. variable is so far not collected in country p Variable partially covered
Days lost y num Days lost are covered and in data file listed by numbers (004 - 182) y cat Days lost are covered and in data file listed by categories (A01 - A06) p num, p cat Days lost are partly covered and listed by numbers (categories)
Type of weight U weight to correct under-reporting S weight to account for sampling Sp weight to correct special sampling
3.5. Statistical unit
Data are collected for each accident. If a person is a victim of more than one accident during the reference year, several cases are reported (one for each accident).
If there are several victims in the same event of accident, also several cases are reported (one for each victim).
3.6. Statistical population
The microdata file sent to Eurostat cover all accidents at work according with the definitions included in "3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions". The accidents refer to employees, self-employed (as described in "3.3 Sector coverage"), family workers (as described to "3.3 Sector coverage") and students. The students are included in accidents at work only if the accident occurred during professional practice. According with the national Law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work, the micro-data file do not include the workers in the economic categories described at point "3.1 Data description".
In terms of occupations, the following occupations are not included in the microdata: - 0 Armed forces occupations; - 3351 Customs and border inspectors; - 3355 Police inspectors and detectives; - 541 Protective services workers, with some exceptions. The employed persons in the following occupations 5411, 5414 and 5419 (according with ISCO - 08 classification) are included in national data set sent to Eurostat only for the accidents of employed persons who are not employed in military structures. In occupation coded with 5411 (according with ISCO-08 classification) are included accidents of employed persons who are not included in structure of the Ministry of Interior.
3.6.1. Statistical Population ESAW
COVERAGE OF PROFESSIONAL STATUS (Annual update expected)
Professional status
Coverage
1. Self employed
P4
1.1 Self employed with employees
N
1.2 Self employed without employees
Y
2. Family worker
P2
3. Employee
Y
3.1 Part time workers
Y
3.2 Casual workers
N5
3.3 Trainees/Apprentices
Y
4. Students
Y1
5. Others
Y3
Additional comments on coverage of professionnal status
1: Students in professional practice.
2: It covers members of family enterprises
3: It covers exceptional situations
4: It covers cases of duty-holders that operate as authorised natural persons, individual enterprises or limited liability companies with no employees
5: Category associated to day workers for which, the records on accidents at work are kept by the territorial labour inspectorates, in the Unique register of injured day laborers. These data are not compiled at national level.
Codes:
y Professional status fully covered n Professional status not covered at all p Professional status partially covered n.a. Not applicable, i.e. professional status does not exist in country
COVERAGE OF ACCIDENTS OUTSIDE PREMISES (Annual update expected)
Accidents in the course of work
Coverage
1. Commuting accidents
Y*
2. Accidents in a public place or in a mean of transport during a journey in the course of work
Y**
2.1 Road traffic accidents in the course of work (public highways, car parks, internal ways inside the premises of the enterprise)
Y
2.2 Number of fatal road traffic accidents during a journey in the course of work for persons employed outside the NACE Rev. 2 sector H Transportation (PLEASE INSERT THE MANDATORY NUMBER)
17
2.3 Other accidents (slips, falls, aggressions, etc.) in a public place (pavement, staircases, etc.) or in the arrival and starting points (station, port, airport, etc.) of any mean of transport, during a journey in the course of work
Y
2.4 Accidents on board of any means of transport (underground railway, tram, train, boat, plane, etc.) used during a journey in the course of work
Y
2.5 Number of fatal accidents on board of any other means of transport during a journey in the course of work for persons employed outside the NACE Rev. 2 sector H Transportation (PLEASE INSERT THE MANDATORY NUMBER)
4
3. Accidents occurred within the premises of another company than that which employs the victim, or in a private individual, in the course of work
Y***
4. Accidents having only a medical origin, in the course of work
N
Additional comments on coverage of accidents outside premises
* Commuting accidents are collected but excluded in the microdata transmitted to Eurostat.
** These types of accidents are included and can be identified: RTA or WEN = 061 or WEN = 062.
*** These types of accidents are included and can be identified: WST = 2
Codes:
y Accidents fully covered n Accidents not covered at all p Accidents partially covered F Data of fatal road traffic accidents and fatal accidents on board of any means of transport provided in the main CSV data file A Data of fatal and non-fatal road traffic accidents as well as fatal and non-fatal accidents on board of any means of transport provided in the main CSV data file
3.7. Reference area
The micro-data file sent to Eurostat cover all accidents at work from the entire territory of Romania (the accidents from all counties and Bucharest Municipality from urban and rural areas).
It also covers accidents of Romanian employees or physical persons workers, delegates for service duties abroad, during the duration and route of travel set out in the travel document; accidents of Romanian personnel carrying out works and services in other countries on the basis of contracts, conventions or any other conditions prescribed by law, concluded by Romanian legal entities with foreign partners, during and due to performing of their duties
3.8. Coverage - Time
Data for the reference period include the 25 variables related to phase I-III of Eurostat methodology and the RTA variable on road accidents.
3.9. Base period
Not applicable.
Number of accidents.
The calendar year during which the accidents were reported to have taken place (reference year).
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
Labour Inspection operates in accordance with the provisions of the following laws: - Law no. 108/ 1999 (republished) establishment and organization of the Labour Inspection - Law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work, with subsequent amendments and supplements through which the Council Directive 89/391/EEC of 12 June 1989 on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work was transposed; - Decision no. 1425 of 11 October 2006 approving the Methodological Norms of Law no. 319/2006 regarding safety and health at work, with subsequent amendments and supplements.
The National Institute of Statistics operates in accordance with the Law no. 226/5 June 2009 on the organization and functioning of the official statistics in Romania, with subsequent amendments and supplements. The National Institute of Statistics and the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity signed, in 2013, a cooperation agreement on the exchange of statistical information. Romania submitted data to Eurostat, from reference year 2005, on the basis of a gentleman's agreement established in the framework of Eurostat’s Working Group on "Public Health Statistics". The first data submitted according to the Regulation (EC) no 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on community statistics on public health and health and safety at work and the Commission Regulation (EU) no 349/2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work, was in 2013 for the reference year 2011.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Not applicable.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
The measures to ensure the data confidentiality complied with the Law No. 677/2001 on the protection of persons with regard to the personal data processing and the free movement of such data. Both NIS and the Labour Inspection are, according to this law, a certified personal data operator.
The Law No. 226/2009 (updated) on the organization and functioning of official statistics in Romania ensures the confidentiality of statistical data collected by INS and, when hired, INS employees sign a "Confidentiality commitment".
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
The ESAW microdata set includes only anonymised data, identified, according with ESAW methodology, only by the case number (variable CASE).
The microdata is anonymised by the Labour Inspection and sent to NIS.
8.1. Release calendar
The national data sent to Eurostat structured in European format, according with the European methodology are disseminated through the Eurostat database. The Eurostat database include the main indicators calculated at European level regarding fatal and non-fatal accidents. The indicators are disseminated in year N+2 for accidents registered in year N. Neither microdata nor aggregated data on accidents at work based on ESAW methodology are released at national level. For national purposes the main indicators on accidents at work are disseminated only according with national methodology and legislation.
Compared to the data on accidents at work disseminated at European level, the national data include also the victims of accidents at work who had temporary incapacity for three days. The following categories of accidents at work are included in the national statistics: - accident of persons who visit a enterprise and / or establishment with employer's permission; - commuting accident, if the travel was made during the normal time and normal route, from permanent residence of employee to the workplace organized by the employer and vice versa; National data are disseminated through the following publications: - quarterly aggregated data on accidents at work are disseminated in the "Statistical Bulletin on Labour and Social Protection Domain" on the website of Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity; - annually, the synthesis data on work accidents are published in the "Labour Inspection Annual Activity Report"
Also, the "Romanian Statistical Yearbook", elaborated by the National Institute of Statistics, contains main indicators regarding statistics on accidents at work based on the national methodology (Number of injured at work, by activity of national economy, type of accidents: fatal or non-fatal, number of collective accidents at work by activities of national economy, number of injured persons during a collective accidents by activity of national economy, rate of accidents at work by activities of national economy). Data is also made public on Romania’s NIS database “TEMPO Online” at http://statistici.insse.ro:8077/tempo-online/#/pages/tables/insse-table .
8.2. Release calendar access
Data or microdata based on ESAW methodology are not disseminated or published by NIS or the Labour Inspection. The Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity and the Labour Inspection do not publish a calendar of publications. Accidents at work data are published every semester in the Ministry statistical bulletin and annually in the Labour Inspection Annual Report. The National Institute of Statistics elaborates annually the Catalogue of Statistical Publication and Services, which are presented in terms of occurrence of all NIS publications, including "Romanian Statistical Yearbook" in which data regarding accidents at work presented according to the national legislation and methodology are published. The Catalogue of Statistical Publication and Services is disseminated on NIS web site
8.3. Release policy - user access
Data or microdata based on ESAW methodology are not disseminated by NIS or the Labour Inspection.
Accidents at work data that are published on the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity and the Labour Inspection websites is based on national legislation and methodology and is aimed at national and international users.
Also, national data on accidents at work is published on the International Labour Organisation online database, available to all users and on the Eurostat database, based on ESAW data, available to all users. National data is published by the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity is based on national legislation on health and safety at work wich include accidents at work that results in 3 days absence from work.
Data or microdata based on ESAW methodology are not disseminated by NIS or the Labour Inspection.
Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity publish quarterly data on accidents at work, based on national methodology.
The National Institute of Statistics publishes yearly data on accidents at work based on national methodology, in the Statistical Yearbook and on NIS online database.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
National ESAW data is published only on Eurostat site. Aggregated data and information regarding accidents at work (based on national methodology) are occasionally presented in Labour Inspection or Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity press conferences. Aggregated data is also presented on the Labour Ispection site: https://www.inspectiamuncii.ro/statistici-accidente-de-munca.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
ESAW data is published only on Eurostat site. National data, based on the national methodology for recording accidents at work are published on the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity site, every quarter: https://mmuncii.ro/j33/images/buletin_statistic/conditii_2022.pdf
National ESAW data is published only in the Eurostat database.
Annual accidents at work data from the Labour Inspection and under the national methodology is published by the National Institute of Statistics in the TEMPO online statistical database TEMPO.
The dataset refers to: number of persons injured at work by NACE rev.2 sections/divisions and by NUTS level 3; number of collective accidents at work and persons injured in collective accidents by NACE rev.2 sections/divisions and by NUTS level 3. http://statistici.insse.ro:8077/tempo-online/#/pages/tables/insse-table
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations
The INS database is free for public use.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
National ESAW microdata are not disseminated.
For rules regarding microdata anonymisation, see section 7.2.
10.5. Dissemination format - other
Not applicable
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations
Not available.
10.6. Documentation on methodology
ESAW Summary Methodology – 2013 edition is the main material used for methodological specification.
Metadata contains all information required (variables, economic sectors, professional status, etc.)
10.7. Quality management - documentation
Present metadata is updated for the reference year 2022.
11.1. Quality assurance
In order to ensure data quality, the work accidents included in the database are validated from the point of view of integrity, codification and according to national legislation. Aggregated data reported regularly in statistical reports are validated and interpreted by the Labour Inspection inspectors specialised in health and safety at work. In order to transmit microdata on accidents at work to Eurostat, an anonymised microdata file is transmitted to NIS (as described to "18.4 Data validation"). NIS experts receive the microdata file and performs new checks (as described to "18.4 Data validation").
11.2. Quality management - assessment
By law, all employers are under the obligation to report any accident, occurred on the premises of their enterprise, resulting in the injury of one person or more, in relation with the activity performed on the premises. The result is the recording of all certified events occurred during work or while fulfilling work duties.
The NACE variables (economic activity of the employer), GEO variables (geographical location of the accident) and SIZE variables (size of the company) refers to the employer who records the accident / the employer found responsible for the accident, according with national legislation, namely to information relating to the registered office of the employer, regardless of whether the accident occurred at the registered office or a local unit (place of business / subsidiary / branch) of the employer, except for the cases where the local unit where the accident occured has legal personality in which case, by law, inferes collecting the variables at local unit level..
Measures for improving quality and accuracy of data are planned to be taken into account by the Labour Inspection, such as: the increase of validation procedures, beyond integrity with the nomenclatures, in order to correlate between variables; verifying the correlation, at primary collection level, of FIAM variables with information recorded in the report of findings fill-in on site.
Also, the Labour Inspection takes into consideration measures that can reduce the under-reporting of accidents at work such as legislative steps to improve the reporting of accidents at work to the territorial labour inspectorates by promoting the need for registering the accidents and the risks involved in not declaring it. The link between Labour Inspection data and the data of the Work Accidents and Occupational Diseases Insurance Fund is also taken into consideration.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
The ESAW data is not published nationally.
The Labour Inspection provides aggregated data on occupational accidents to the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity and to the Ministry of Health, elaborated according with national law on health and safety at work, in order to develop policies and strategies in the field of safety and health at work. The Labour Inspection uses aggregated data on occupational accidents for the preparation of the framework of labour inspection actions.
In order to meet users' needs for information on accidents at work occurred in Romania, national aggregated data on accidents at work are disseminated by the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity through the following publications: "Statistical Bulletin on Labour and Social Protection Domain" (quarterly, on the own website) and "Labour Inspection Annual Activity Report" (annually).
Annually, the Labour Inspection sends a report regarding accidents at work to the International Labour Organisation, who publish data and analyses in their publications and online database. Also, the key indicators based on national legislation and methodology on work accidents are published by NIS in the "Romanian Statistical Yearbook" and NIS TEMPO database.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
A survey on user satisfaction regarding accidents at work statistics has not been carried out in Romania by Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity. The National Institute of Statistics conducts only general user satisfaction surveys regarding the data disseminated by the Institute.
12.3. Completeness
The accidents at work statistics was carried out according to the European methodology developed by Eurostat, the Regulation (EC) no 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on community statistics on public health and health and safety at work and the Commission Regulation (EU) no. 349/2011 implementing Regulation (EC) no. 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work.
All variables required by the Regulation were provided to Eurostat.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
The ESAW microdata sets sent to Eurostat cover all variables included in Phase I, II and III of ESAW methodology developed by Eurostat.
The NACE variable in the national microdata refers to the main activity of the registered office of the employer, not to the local unit where the victim works.
This also affects the variable SIZE which refers to the size of the enterprise not just the local unit where the victim works.
The SEV variable represents the number of temporary incapacity days as registered in the medical document issued for the work accident.
12.3.1.1. Data completeness rate of ESAW variables per sector
REPORTING LEVELS OF ECONOMIC SECTORS (NACE), (Annual update expected)
Global reporting level
~ 100%
Reporting levels by sector
A. Agriculture, forestry and fishing
100%
B. Mining and quarrying
100%
off shores
100%
others
100%
C. Manufacturing
100%
D. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
100%
E. Water supply, sewerage, steam and air conditioning supply
100%
F. Construction
100%
G. Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles
100%
H. Transportation and storage
100%
maritime transport (NACE 50)
100%
air transport (NACE 51)
100%
transport via Railways (NACE 49)
100%
post & telecomunications (NACE 53)
100%
I. Accomodation and food service activities
100%
J. Information and communication
100%
K. Financial and insurance activities
100%
L. Real state activities
100%
M. Professional, scientific and technical activities
100%
N. Administrative and support service activities
100%
O. Public administration and defence;compulsory social security
UNK*
of which police and firebrigades (NACE 84.24 and 84.25)
UNK*
P. Education
100%
Q. Human health and social work activities
100%
R. Arts, entertainment and recreation
100%
S. Other service activities
100%
T. Activities of households as employers; undiferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use
N**
U. Activites of extra territorial organisations and bodies
100%
Additional comments on global reporting level
*according to the Law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work, military structures and structures in which operate civil servants with special status within the Ministry of Interior, General Directorate of Penitentiaries of the Ministry of Justice, Romanian Intelligence Service, Foreign Intelligence Service, the Protection and Guard Service, the Special Telecommunications Service, as well as the National Committee for the Control of the Nuclear Activities are excluded, and they organize, coordinate and control the activity of safety and health at work of their own organizations through prevention and protection services created or appointed by such institutions. The sector covers Public order and safety activities (NACE code 84.2.4) and Fire service activities (NACE code 84.2.5) that are part of non-military structures.
**area not covered by health and safety at work legislation, however there are exceptional situations, due to incorrect interpretation of the legal stipulations, in which events are investigated and accidents at work are recorded in this field.
Codes:
N sector not covered by data collection UNK sector covered but unknown reporting level (value %) reporting level (e) rough estimate (instead of "medium" or "high")
13.1. Accuracy - overall
As an administrative data collection, the data transmitted to Eurostat are thought to reflect the number of accidents notified to the territorial labour inspectorates. Therefore, ESAW data are considered to have a high level of accuracy in relation to the absolute number of accidents notified in Romania.
By law, employers have the obligation to report the events that lead to the injury of one or more persons in connection with work done by the employer. The accident at work registered by the employer is reported to the territorial labour inspectorate and to the insurers’ agency at the moment when the accident is confirmed, according to the law. The Labour Inspection has no possibility to make an estimate of the degree of underreporting of accidents. A possible explanation for under-reporting of the accidents at work can be that the indemnity for accident at work leave is 80% of the employee salary, while the indemnity for urgent medical leave is 100% of the salary. Other causes could be private settling between employers and employees and the regression of the workforce.
The unreported accidents at work are sanctioned, in accordance with regulations of national law (Law no. 319/2006, art. 39, al.5), with a fine of 3,500-7,000 lei. The national authority for accidents at work and occupational diseases insurance, which has prevention competencies, could be able to identify appropriate measures to encourage reporting of accidents by employers. The Labour Inspection has no involvement in the accidents at work insurance system, but a collaboration is foreseen.
According to national law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work the accidents at work suffered by the self-employed must by reported to the territorial labour inspectorates. The status of the self-employed, according to the national law in health and safety at work, is established only for holders/owners of entities with the legal status of authorized natural person or individual enterprise, or for the sole owner of a limited liability company, without employees. When the self-employed hires employees, their holders lose their status of self-employed becoming employed. Reporting the accident determines its investigation, after which, measures are taken in order to help prevent other similar cases, which is for the benefit of the employee and / or employer acting lawfully, reporting work accident.
The microdata files sent to Eurostat do not include the work accidents with temporary incapacity for 3 days, even if in the national database of Labour Inspection these accidents are included, according with national law on regarding health and safety at work.
13.2. Sampling error
Not applicable.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Not applicable.
13.3. Non-sampling error
The context of under-reporting comes as the Labour Inspection, the authority in charge of investigating and recording of accidents at work, is confronted with various problems: 30% of the inspectorates decisions are challenged in court and 25% of the challenges are accepted by the court; the employers are reluctant to declare the accidents of their employees if it was caused by negligence in their part, especially the small businesses that cannot afford to pay the fines; in many instances the employer settles the incident with the employee resulting in the retraction of the accident at work claim etc.. Because these cases are not recorded and investigated further their impact on the under-reporting cannot be estimated.
13.3.1. Coverage error
According to the national legislation regarding health and safety at work (Law no.319/2006), military structures and structures in which operate civil servants with special status within the Ministry of Interior, General Directorate of Penitentiaries of the Ministry of Justice, Romanian Intelligence Service, Foreign Intelligence Service, the Protection and Guard Service, the Special Telecommunications Service, as well as the National Committee for the Control of the Nuclear Activities are excluded from work accidents reported by the Labour Inspection. As is mention to point "3.3 Sector coverage" as an exception from the rule mentioned above, the part of non-military structures from sector covers Public order and safety activities (NACE code 84.2.4) and Fire service activities (NACE code 84.2.5) are included. At national level, there are no data on the number of employees in these sectors with special status and the under-coverage rate cannot be calculated.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
Not applicable
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not applicable
13.3.2. Measurement error
Not applicable
13.3.3. Non response error
Not applicable
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Not applicable
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Not applicable
13.3.4. Processing error
Coding errors and missing data are corrected by the labour inspectorates by directly contacting the employers for clarifications.
NIS is performing final checks in order to identify that the microdata file is generated according to Eurostat specifications, any errors regarding outliers, variable length etc. are resolved by the Labour Inspection. Other processing errors and the measure taken to reduce them are described in section 18.4.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not applicable
14.1. Timeliness
National ESAW data is sent by 30 June of year N+2, where N is the reference year in which the accidents took place.
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
National ESAW data is published only in the Eurostat database according to Eurostat deadlines. Data based on national methodology are published quarterly in the reference year (last quarter is published in the first quarter of the following year) in the "Statistical Bulletin on Labour and Social Protection Domain".
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
National ESAW data is published only in the Eurostat database according to Eurostat deadlines. Data based on national methodology are published annually (as described in 14.1 Timeliness). Data refers at accidents at work statistics as existing at the moment of publication.
14.2. Punctuality
Romania can meet the transmission timetables and sent national ESAW data is by 30 June of year N+2, where N is the reference year in which the accidents took place.
ESAW data is published by Eurostat according with specific timetables.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
See above
15.1. Comparability - geographical
Data are comparable at NUTS 0, NUTS 1, NUTS 2, NUTS 3 level.
The collection of national data for accidents at work are subject to the same legislation and is made through the same form established through the same law for every county.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
Not applicable
15.2. Comparability - over time
Accidents at work data for the reference period 2010-2022 is comparable over time in respect to the economic activity. NACE rev. 2 was used for coding beginning with year of reference 2008. Data on accidents at work sent to Eurostat include commuting accidents until 2011. Commuting accidents are excluded from the microdata file beginning with the year of reference 2011. Beginning with the year of reference 2011, according to the ESAW methodology, ISCO-08 was used.
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
Beginning with 2011 (year of reference) commuting accidents were excluded from the microdata and ISCO-08 was used for occupation of the victim variable.
Therefore, the length of comparable ESAW time series refers to the 2011-2022 period.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
ESAW 2020 microdata were analysed in comparison with results from LFS-AHM 2020 module (collected in the 2nd quarter of 2020) results.
Therefore, the number of employed persons that declared they suffered an accident at work (in the last 12 month prior to the interview), that resulted in 4 or more days of missing work (excluding persons in the NACE groups 8422, 8423, 8424, 8425) was 16336.
ESAW 2020 data included 4135 accidents at work of employed persons, that resulted in 4 or more days of missing work, excluding military structures and structures in which operate civil servants with special status within the public order and safety structures and justice sector. Public order and safety activities (NACE code 84.2.4) and Fire service activities (NACE code 84.2.5) that are part of non-military structures are covered.
The total number of employed persons covers the reference population for the accidents at work scope, described above. Data source Employed persons (NACE rev2 A-U) Number of accidents Incidence rate (per 100000 employed persons) The difference between the reports of the Labor Inspectorate and LFS –AHM regarding the number of accidents at work (with a minimum of 4 days of temporary incapacity for work) may result from the fact that the results of LFS –AHM include also temporary incapacity to work caused by common medical reasons or minor accidents at work that were not reported to the labour inspection but who resulted in absence from work.
Data source
Employed persons (NACE rev2 A-U)
Number of accidents
Incidence rate (per 100000 employed persons)
ESAW - 2020
5 411 109
4 135
76.4
LFS-AHM 2020
6 446 858
16 336
253.4
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
Not applicable
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
Not applicable
15.4. Coherence - internal
The ESAW microdata set refers to just one data source for the entire period, the Labour Inspection data base on accidents at work.
At the Labour Inspection, about 45 employees are involved in updating and administration of the accidents at work database for approximately 20 days/year. During this period other activities, in data processing and inspection field are performed.
The accidents at work related activities, at the National Institute of Statistics level are, made by one employee (expert statistician with higher education – superior level) during the ESAW reporting period and during the elaboration and checks of data that is uploaded on INS database TEMPO (1-2 months). The activities include, checks of the ESAW microdata file (see section 18.4) and of the national data uploaded on TEMPO database. During this period other statistical activities are performed.
17.1. Data revision - policy
The Labour Inspection analyses ESAW data for previous years and decides on the need for revision.
17.2. Data revision - practice
At this time there are no revisions for the previous period.
Starting with reference year 2008, the reference population has been established to be NIS statistics on employees (see the point 3.1 "Data description").
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
Not applicable.
18.1. Source data
According with the national Law no.319/2006, an accident at work is defined as a "violent injury or acute occupational intoxication, which took place during work or while fulfilling work duties, and which caused temporary work incapacity for at least 3 days, incapacity or death ". Primary data on accidents at work are sent by the employers that declare the event to the territorial labour inspection based on the work accident recording form (FIAM), established by law.
The main purpose of the security and health at work law is to establish measures for promoting improvement of workers security and health status, while the role of the Labour Inspection is to control the implementation of the law.
FIAM contains: - information on the employer declaring the accident (identification data, characteristics, economic activities information); - identification data of the employer where the accident took place; - identification data of the victim (name, personal identification number, age, address, professional status, civil marital status, nationality, sex, occupation, number of working hours and days per week, seniority in the work force and at current job); - data on the accident (date and day of accident, type of accident, days of incapacity, number of days of incapacity etc.); - data on effects of the accident (type of injury, part of the body injured); - characteristics of the accident (work environment, work station, material agent etc.).
The classifications used for collecting primary data are in concordance with the classifications used for ESAW. The Labour Inspection centralizes the FIAM data collected by the territorial labour inspectorates. A potential risk for deficiencies comes from the fact that the accident at work reporting is mostly based on reporting by the employer where the accident occurred. This can lead to under-reporting due to the employers’ reluctance to pay fines or to be subject to sanctions. The data regarding the reference population for employees were provided for the period 2008-2022 from an annual survey regarding Salary earnings and labour cost conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and represents the number of employees at 31 December every year. In order to correlate with the national methodology for collecting accidents at work data, reference population data are aggregated on the basis of the main activity of the employer.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Data on accidents at work are collected by the territorial labour inspectorates from the employers on a continuous basis.
18.3. Data collection
The national microdata data set is extracted from the administrative national database on accidents at work, administered by the Labour Inspection. Primary data are collected through the FIAM form described in “18.1 Source data”. The FIAM form is filled-in, on paper, by the employer recording the accident, while the inspectors from the territorial labour inspectorates enter the FIAM data in the electronic local database.
The counties validated databases are sent to the Labour Inspection. ESAW microdata are extracted, according to the methodology (see section 18.5), from this database
18.4. Data validation
The data included in the FIAM form are checked by the labour inspectors specialized in work security and health from the territorial labour inspectorate responsible for the area in which the employer operates or for the area where the accident took place. The accidents reported by the employers through the FIAM are validated based on the results of the investigations and is based strictly on a confirmation through a medical certificate or through other medical documents.
The validated accidents are inputted in the electronic database that is checked for the integrity of data, the number of accidents in the database must coincide with the number of accidents reported in the registered FIAM forms. The correct coding of variables is certified by the labour inspector responsible for verifying the form. For any errors that are found during the validation process by the labour inspectors the employers are asked to remediate the situation (the correction of data or the filling-in of missing data). The county validated database is sent to the Labour Inspection who extracts the ESAW microdata set from the national database by applying the ESAW methodology. The NSI performs validation checks (for example: correctness of codes for each variable, completeness of the microdata file, checking for outliers etc.) and consult with the Labour Inspection.
18.5. Data compilation
Accidents at work statistics are collected on an exhaustive basis, weighting is not needed. ESAW microdata is extracted from the national database, excluding commuting accidents and accidents resulting in 3 days absence form work. The temporary incapacity accidents selected in the ESAW microdata set simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: are non-fatal accidents occurred in the reference year, resulted in at least 4 calendar days of absence from work, are not commuting accidents and are not caused solely by a medical condition. The variables AGE and SEX are automatically generated from the personal identification code (registered in the FIAM) of the victim. The anonymisation of the microdata is performed by the Labour Inspection based on an algorithm. The variable RTA is generated based on the values of variables WEN, NACE and on the code for “road accident” included in FIAM [RTA=Y, if FIAM variable “road traffic accident”=TRUE or ((WEN=’062’ or WEN=’061’) and (NACE<’4910’ or NACE>’5320’))] Romania sends to Eurostat the reference population for employees for calculating standardised and non-standardised incidence rates. The data regarding the reference population for employees is provided from an annual survey regarding Salary earnings and labour cost conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and represents the number of employees at 31 December. In order to correlate with the national methodology for collecting accidents at work data, reference population data are aggregated on the basis of the main activity of the employer.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
Not applicable
18.6. Adjustment
Accidents at work statistics are collected on an exhaustive basis according to national law, there are neither seasonal adjustments nor other time series adjustments done.
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Not applicable
Harmonised data on accidents at work are collected by Labour Inspection within the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity and sent to Eurostat by National Institute of Statistics (NIS) in the framework of the administrative data collection 'European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW)', on the basis of a European methodology developed by Eurostat, the Regulation (EC) no 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on community statistics on public health and health and safety at work and the Commission Regulation (EU) no 349/2011 implementing Regulation (EC) no. 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work.
Accidents at work statistics in Romania are regulated through the Law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work. The Labour Inspection is responsible with the data collection and management of the statistical database on accidents at work. The Labour Inspection collects data on accidents at work investigated and registered by the territorial labour inspectorates on the basis of the accident at work registration form (FIAM), established in the national legislation and submitted by employers. According to Law no.319/2006, military structures and structures with special status civil servants within the Ministry of Interior, General Directorate of Penitentiaries of the Ministry of Justice, Romanian Intelligence Service, Foreign Intelligence Service, the Protection and Guard Service, the Special Telecommunications Service, as well as the National Committee for the Control of the Nuclear Activities are excluded from the Labour Inspection national database, and they organize, coordinate and control the activity of safety and health at work of their own organizations through prevention and protection services created or appointed by such institutions. As an exception from the rule mentioned above, the non-military structures from Public order and safety activities (NACE code 84.2.4) and Fire service activities (NACE code 84.2.5) sectors are included in the Labour Inspection database.
The national microdata set of accidents at work sent to Eurostat covers all accidents at work reported to the authorities. The micro-data file include the following variables: - Case number; - Information on employer: economic activity of the employer and size of the enterprise; - Information on employee: employment status, occupation, age, sex and nationality of victim; - Information on accident: geographical location of the accident, date and time of the accident; - Information on victim: Type of injury, body part injured and the severity of the accident (number of full calendar days during which the victim is unfit for work excluding the day of the accident, permanent incapacity or death within one year of the accident) - Variables on causes and circumstances of the accident: workstation, working environment, working process, specific physical activity, material agent of the specific physical activity, deviation and material agent associated with deviation, contact - mode of injury and material agent of contact - mode of injury, road traffic accidents (RTA). The NACE variables (economic activity of the employer), GEO variables (geographical location of the accident) and SIZE variables (size of the company) refers to the employer who records the accident / the employer found responsible for the accident, according with national legislation, namely to information relating to the registered office of the employer, regardless of whether the accident occurred at the registered office or a subunit (place of business / subsidiary / branch) of the employer, except for the cases where the local unit where the accident occured has legal personality in which case, by law, inferes collecting the variables at local unit level.
In order to provide data regarding accidents at work and reporting of statistical indicators based on the variables regarding economic activity of the employer, the size of the enterprise and the geographical localisation of the accident related to the local unit of employment, steps are being taken by the Labour Inspection in order to change the specific national legislation for work security and health. Changes to the Methodological Norms of the Work security and health law should be made by the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity and the Ministry of Health (institutions with responsibilities in the field), together with the new revised Work security and health Law.
The data regarding the reference population for employees were provided for the period 2008-2022 (years of reference) from an annual survey regarding Salary earnings and labour cost conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and represents the number of employees at 31 December. In order to correlate with the national methodology for collecting accidents at work data, reference population data are aggregated on the basis of the main activity of the employer.
5 July 2024
The ESAW microdata include fatal and non-fatal accidents involving more than 3 calendar days of absence from work. If the accident does not lead to the death of the victim it is called a 'non-fatal' (or 'serious') accident. According with the national law, an accident at work is defined as a "violent injury or acute occupational intoxication, which took place during work or while fulfilling work duties, and which caused temporary work incapacity for at least 3 days, incapacity or death ". A non-fatal accident can cause: temporary work incapacity for at least 3 consecutive calendar days and is confirmed by a medical certificate or, where applicable, by medical documents, according to the law; invalidity confirmed by a decision of inclusion in an invalidity class, issued by a physician. A fatal work accident is the accident that resulted in the death of the victim, confirmed immediately or after a period of time, based on a forensic medical report.
The microdata file sent to Eurostat include the following type of accidents: a) the accident of people who perform duties of state or public interest, including through cultural activities, sports in the country or abroad, during and because of these tasks; b) the accident occurred in the cultural or athletic activities organized, during and because of carrying out these activities; c) the accident suffered by any person as a result of action taken their own initiative to save human lives and the accident occurred during or in preparation of an emergency intervention in the case of voluntary service organised in accordance with the law; d) accident suffered by any person as a result of action taken on their own initiative for the prevention or removal of a danger that threatens public and private property; e) accident caused by activities not related to the work process, if it occurs at the headquarters of the employer (a legal entity or a physical person) or at another location organised by the employer, during the work schedule, and which are not exclusively due to the negligence of the injured person; f) accident during a journey in the course of work; g) the accident before or after cessation of work, if the victim is taking or handing over work tools, the work station, equipment or materials, if changing clothes, protection equipment or any other equipment provided by the employer, if in the lavatory or if on the way out or in of the employment grounds; h) accident during regular breaks if occurred in places organized by the employer, as well as during and normal route to and from these places; i) accident of Romanian employees or physical persons workers, delegates for service duties abroad, during the duration and route of travel set out in the travel document; j) accident of Romanian personnel carrying out works and services in other countries on the basis of contracts, conventions or any other conditions prescribed by law, concluded by Romanian legal entities with foreign partners, during and due to performing of their duties; k) accident of persons who attend the training, retraining or further professional training courses, during and because of attending such activities; l) accident due to natural calamities caused by storms, blizzards, earthquakes, floods, landslides, lightning (shock), if the victim was in the process of work related activities; m) the disappearance of a person, in an accident of work conditions and in circumstances which entitle the presumption of death; n) the accident, as a result of an assault, of a person fulfilling their work duties. The micro-data file sent to Eurostat exclude the following type of accidents: a) accidents of persons who visit an enterprise and/or establishment with employer's permission; b) commuting accidents, if the travel was made during the normal time and normal route, from the permanent residence of the employee to the workplace organized by the employer and vice versa; c) deliberate self-inflicted injuries; d) occurrences caused solely by a medical condition (such as heart attack or stroke) that occurred during work, i.e. which were not (at least partially) caused by the occupational activity of the victim.
Data are collected for each accident. If a person is a victim of more than one accident during the reference year, several cases are reported (one for each accident).
If there are several victims in the same event of accident, also several cases are reported (one for each victim).
The microdata file sent to Eurostat cover all accidents at work according with the definitions included in "3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions". The accidents refer to employees, self-employed (as described in "3.3 Sector coverage"), family workers (as described to "3.3 Sector coverage") and students. The students are included in accidents at work only if the accident occurred during professional practice. According with the national Law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work, the micro-data file do not include the workers in the economic categories described at point "3.1 Data description".
In terms of occupations, the following occupations are not included in the microdata: - 0 Armed forces occupations; - 3351 Customs and border inspectors; - 3355 Police inspectors and detectives; - 541 Protective services workers, with some exceptions. The employed persons in the following occupations 5411, 5414 and 5419 (according with ISCO - 08 classification) are included in national data set sent to Eurostat only for the accidents of employed persons who are not employed in military structures. In occupation coded with 5411 (according with ISCO-08 classification) are included accidents of employed persons who are not included in structure of the Ministry of Interior.
The micro-data file sent to Eurostat cover all accidents at work from the entire territory of Romania (the accidents from all counties and Bucharest Municipality from urban and rural areas).
It also covers accidents of Romanian employees or physical persons workers, delegates for service duties abroad, during the duration and route of travel set out in the travel document; accidents of Romanian personnel carrying out works and services in other countries on the basis of contracts, conventions or any other conditions prescribed by law, concluded by Romanian legal entities with foreign partners, during and due to performing of their duties
The calendar year during which the accidents were reported to have taken place (reference year).
As an administrative data collection, the data transmitted to Eurostat are thought to reflect the number of accidents notified to the territorial labour inspectorates. Therefore, ESAW data are considered to have a high level of accuracy in relation to the absolute number of accidents notified in Romania.
By law, employers have the obligation to report the events that lead to the injury of one or more persons in connection with work done by the employer. The accident at work registered by the employer is reported to the territorial labour inspectorate and to the insurers’ agency at the moment when the accident is confirmed, according to the law. The Labour Inspection has no possibility to make an estimate of the degree of underreporting of accidents. A possible explanation for under-reporting of the accidents at work can be that the indemnity for accident at work leave is 80% of the employee salary, while the indemnity for urgent medical leave is 100% of the salary. Other causes could be private settling between employers and employees and the regression of the workforce.
The unreported accidents at work are sanctioned, in accordance with regulations of national law (Law no. 319/2006, art. 39, al.5), with a fine of 3,500-7,000 lei. The national authority for accidents at work and occupational diseases insurance, which has prevention competencies, could be able to identify appropriate measures to encourage reporting of accidents by employers. The Labour Inspection has no involvement in the accidents at work insurance system, but a collaboration is foreseen.
According to national law no.319/2006 regarding health and safety at work the accidents at work suffered by the self-employed must by reported to the territorial labour inspectorates. The status of the self-employed, according to the national law in health and safety at work, is established only for holders/owners of entities with the legal status of authorized natural person or individual enterprise, or for the sole owner of a limited liability company, without employees. When the self-employed hires employees, their holders lose their status of self-employed becoming employed. Reporting the accident determines its investigation, after which, measures are taken in order to help prevent other similar cases, which is for the benefit of the employee and / or employer acting lawfully, reporting work accident.
The microdata files sent to Eurostat do not include the work accidents with temporary incapacity for 3 days, even if in the national database of Labour Inspection these accidents are included, according with national law on regarding health and safety at work.
Number of accidents.
Accidents at work statistics are collected on an exhaustive basis, weighting is not needed. ESAW microdata is extracted from the national database, excluding commuting accidents and accidents resulting in 3 days absence form work. The temporary incapacity accidents selected in the ESAW microdata set simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: are non-fatal accidents occurred in the reference year, resulted in at least 4 calendar days of absence from work, are not commuting accidents and are not caused solely by a medical condition. The variables AGE and SEX are automatically generated from the personal identification code (registered in the FIAM) of the victim. The anonymisation of the microdata is performed by the Labour Inspection based on an algorithm. The variable RTA is generated based on the values of variables WEN, NACE and on the code for “road accident” included in FIAM [RTA=Y, if FIAM variable “road traffic accident”=TRUE or ((WEN=’062’ or WEN=’061’) and (NACE<’4910’ or NACE>’5320’))] Romania sends to Eurostat the reference population for employees for calculating standardised and non-standardised incidence rates. The data regarding the reference population for employees is provided from an annual survey regarding Salary earnings and labour cost conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and represents the number of employees at 31 December. In order to correlate with the national methodology for collecting accidents at work data, reference population data are aggregated on the basis of the main activity of the employer.
According with the national Law no.319/2006, an accident at work is defined as a "violent injury or acute occupational intoxication, which took place during work or while fulfilling work duties, and which caused temporary work incapacity for at least 3 days, incapacity or death ". Primary data on accidents at work are sent by the employers that declare the event to the territorial labour inspection based on the work accident recording form (FIAM), established by law.
The main purpose of the security and health at work law is to establish measures for promoting improvement of workers security and health status, while the role of the Labour Inspection is to control the implementation of the law.
FIAM contains: - information on the employer declaring the accident (identification data, characteristics, economic activities information); - identification data of the employer where the accident took place; - identification data of the victim (name, personal identification number, age, address, professional status, civil marital status, nationality, sex, occupation, number of working hours and days per week, seniority in the work force and at current job); - data on the accident (date and day of accident, type of accident, days of incapacity, number of days of incapacity etc.); - data on effects of the accident (type of injury, part of the body injured); - characteristics of the accident (work environment, work station, material agent etc.).
The classifications used for collecting primary data are in concordance with the classifications used for ESAW. The Labour Inspection centralizes the FIAM data collected by the territorial labour inspectorates. A potential risk for deficiencies comes from the fact that the accident at work reporting is mostly based on reporting by the employer where the accident occurred. This can lead to under-reporting due to the employers’ reluctance to pay fines or to be subject to sanctions. The data regarding the reference population for employees were provided for the period 2008-2022 from an annual survey regarding Salary earnings and labour cost conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and represents the number of employees at 31 December every year. In order to correlate with the national methodology for collecting accidents at work data, reference population data are aggregated on the basis of the main activity of the employer.
Data or microdata based on ESAW methodology are not disseminated by NIS or the Labour Inspection.
Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity publish quarterly data on accidents at work, based on national methodology.
The National Institute of Statistics publishes yearly data on accidents at work based on national methodology, in the Statistical Yearbook and on NIS online database.
National ESAW data is sent by 30 June of year N+2, where N is the reference year in which the accidents took place.
Data are comparable at NUTS 0, NUTS 1, NUTS 2, NUTS 3 level.
The collection of national data for accidents at work are subject to the same legislation and is made through the same form established through the same law for every county.
Accidents at work data for the reference period 2010-2022 is comparable over time in respect to the economic activity. NACE rev. 2 was used for coding beginning with year of reference 2008. Data on accidents at work sent to Eurostat include commuting accidents until 2011. Commuting accidents are excluded from the microdata file beginning with the year of reference 2011. Beginning with the year of reference 2011, according to the ESAW methodology, ISCO-08 was used.
