1.1. Contact organisation
Czech Statistical Office
1.2. Contact organisation unit
Society Development Statistics Department
Research, Development, and Information Society Statistics Unit
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Czech Statistical Office
Na padesátém 81
Praha 10
100 82
Czech Republic
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
25 September 2025
2.2. Metadata last posted
25 September 2025
2.3. Metadata last update
25 September 2025
3.1. Data description
Statistics on Government Budget Allocations for R&D (GBARD) measure government support to research and development (R&D) activities, and thereby provide information about the priority governments give to different public R&D funding activities. This type of funder-based approach for reporting R&D involves identifying all the budget items that may support R&D activities and measuring or estimating their R&D content.
Main concepts and definitions used for the production of R&D statistics are given by the OECD (2015), Frascati Manual 2015: Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities (FM 2015, Chapter 12), which is the internationally recognised standard methodology for collecting R&D statistics and by Eurostat’s European Business Statistics Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics (EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics).
Since the beginning of 2021, the collection of R&D statistics is based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020.
The Regulation sets the framework for the collection of R&D statistics and specifies the main variables of interest and their breakdowns at predefined level of detail (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (europa.eu)).
Statistics on science, technology and innovation were collected until the end of 2020 based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2012/995 concerning the production and development of Community statistics on science and technology.
3.2. Classification system
Distribution by socioeconomic objectives (SEO) is based on the Nomenclature for the Analysis and Comparisons of Scientific Programmes and Budgets (NABS) at one digit level.
3.2.1. National classification
| National nomenclature of SEO used | NABS 2007 |
|---|---|
| Correspondence table with NABS | - |
3.2.2. NABS classification
| Deviations from NABS | No deviations |
|---|---|
| Problems in identifying / separating NABS chapters and sub chapters | No serious problems |
| Ability to distribute Non-oriented research and General University Funds (GUF) by fields of R&D | Non-oriented research and GUF are available by FORD broken down by the six main fields of R&D: natural sciences, engineering, medical sciences, agricultural sciences, social sciences and humanities. |
3.3. Coverage - sector
See below.
3.3.1. General coverage
| Definition of R&D | Frascati Manual definition of R&D |
|---|---|
| Coverage of R&D or S&T in general | R&D (2002-2009)/ R&D&I (since 2010) |
| Fields of R&D (FORD) covered | All fields of R&D (FORD) are covered for SEO 12 and SEO 13. |
| Socioeconomic objective (SEO by NABS) | NABS 2007. No deviations. General university funds are not defined. For this reason, SEO 12 covers only the institutional funding of all R&D activities performed in higher education institutions. |
3.3.2. Definition and coverage of government
GBARD statistics are assumed to report detailed data on all the government's budget items that may support R&D activities and to measure or estimate their R&D content. For the purposes of GBARD, the Government sector comprises (a) the central (federal) government, (b) regional (state) government and (c) local (municipal) government subsectors (FM2015, Chapter 12).
| Levels of government | Definition | Included / Not included | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central (federal) government | Central government consists of ministries and other central government bodies (funding agencies) at NUTS 0 level. | Included | |
| Regional (state) government | Regional government at NUTS 3 level. | Excluded | |
| Local (municipal) government | Local (municipal) government at LAU 2 level. | Excluded |
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
Not requested.
3.5. Statistical unit
Not organised as a sample survey. Administrative data are taken from the R&D Information System.
The R&D Information System is an information system of the public administration for a collection, processing, publication and utilization of an information about the research and development, which has been supported by public budgets.
Statistical unit: R&D projects and institutional support (any budget item included in the R&D Information System).
3.6. Statistical population
See below.
3.6.1. National target population
The target population is the population for which inferences are made. The frame (or frames, as sometimes several frames are used) is a device that permits access to population units. The frame population is the set of population units, which can be accessed through the frame and the survey data really refer to this population.
| Definition of the national target population | All R&D projects and institutional support in the given reference year (any budget item included in the R&D Information System) |
|---|---|
| Estimation of the target population size | Does not apply. |
3.7. Reference area
Not requested.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Not requested. See point 5.
3.9. Base period
Not requested.
Not requested.
a) Calendar year: 2023
b) Fiscal year: Does not apply. Reference year always equals the calendar year.
Start month:
End month:
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
See below.
6.1.1. European legislation
Since the beginning of 2021, GBARD statistics are based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics. The Regulation sets the framework for the collection of R&D statistics and specifies the main variables of interest and their breakdowns at predefined level of detail. GBARD statistics were based until the end of 2020 on the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2012/995 concerning the production and development of Community statistics on science and technology.
6.1.2. National legislation
Principal legal rules and regulations and documents on research nad development in the Czech Republic:
- ACT No. 130/2002 Coll. on the Support of Research and Development from Public Funds and on the Amendment to Some Related Acts (the Act on the Support of Research and Development) - complete amendment announced as Act. no 211/2009 Coll.
- GOVERNMENT REGULATION No. 397/2009 Coll. on an information system for research, experimental development and innovation.
- ACT. No. 341/2005 Coll. on public research institutions
- ACT. No. 342/2005 Coll. on amendment to some acts in connection with adoption of the act on public resarch insttitutions
- Methodology for Evaluating Research Organisations and Research, Development and Innovation Purpose-tied Aid Programmes.
6.1.3. Standards and manuals
- Frascati Manual 2015, Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development.
- EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Not requested.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Confidentiality, being one of the process quality components, concerns the privacy of data providers (households, enterprises, administrations and other respondents), the confidentiality of the information they provide and the extent of its use for statistical purposes.
A property of data indicating the extent to which their unauthorised disclosure could be prejudicial or harmful to the interest of the source or other relevant parties.
a) Confidentiality protection required by law: Internal Czech Statistical Office (CZSO) documentation concerning confidentiality protection
b) Confidentiality commitments of survey staff:
The Security Policy of the CZSO sets strict standards for the protection of confdential statistical and personal data. The CZSO has a system of methodological documentation and an appropriate organisational structure, including designated asset guarantors, to ensure the security and integrity of confdential data. Data handling processes are secured by physical protection tools, computer technology, the use of progressive encryption methods and devices, logical protection systems and sound logistic data administration procedures. Data protection methods are continuously reviewed and constantly improved.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
GBARD data are publicly available. No confidentiality precautions need to be made.
8.1. Release calendar
The date of release of GBARD data is indicated in the product catalogue. Final GBARD data are published in December (T+12). Preliminary GBARD data are not published.
8.2. Release calendar access
8.3. Release policy - user access
GBARD data are disseminated to all users through the official statistics portal. The data are simultaneously released to all interested parties by means of a press release. At the same time, the press release is also e-mailed to the media. The press release is issued in Czech language only. All published GBARD data are available to users free of charge. Special datasets produced on an ad hoc basis for research/studies are available for a fee.
GBARD data are disseminated annually.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
See below.
10.1.1. Availability of the releases
| Availability (Y/N)1 | Content, format, links, ... | |
|---|---|---|
| Regular releases | Y | Regular publication, press release in PDF (only in Czech language) |
| Ad-hoc releases | N | - |
1) Y - Yes, N – No
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
See below.
10.2.1. Availability of means of dissemination
| Means of dissemination | Availability (Y/N)1 | Content, format, links, ... |
|---|---|---|
| General publication/article (paper, online) |
Y | Paper, PDF, online |
| Specific paper publication (paper, online) |
N |
1) Y – Yes, N - No
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
No.
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations
Not requested.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
See below.
10.4.1. Provisions affecting the access
| Access rights to the information | No access to GBARD microdata. |
|---|---|
| Access cost policy | - |
| Micro-data anonymisation rules | - |
10.5. Dissemination format - other
See below.
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations
Not requested.
10.5.2. Availability of other dissemination means
| Dissemination means | Availability (Y/N)1 | Micro-data / Aggregate figures | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Internet: main results available on the national statistical authority’s website | Y | Aggregate figures | |
| Data prepared for individual ad hoc requests | Y | Aggregate figures | |
| Other | N |
1) Y – Yes, N - No
10.6. Documentation on methodology
The full meta-information on GBARD is available to users on the CZSO website.
10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate
Not requested.
10.7. Quality management - documentation
See below.
10.7.1. Documentation and users’ requests
| Type(s) of data accompanying information available (metadata, graphs, etc.) | Metadata, graphs, tables |
|---|---|
| Request on further clarification | Ad hoc on various topics |
| Measure to increase clarity | None |
| Impression of users on the clarity of the accompanying information to the data | Emails from data users are archived for further assessment. |
11.1. Quality assurance
See the enclosed annex.
Annexes:
CZSO_quality_commitment.pdf
11.2. Quality management - assessment
The overall quality of the GBARD methodology is good. The weakness is the difficulty in identifying the national co-financing share of EU funds.
The main activities undertaken to ensure the high quality of the GBARD statistics are as follows:
- Matching information from different data sources to obtain the best quality of GBARD data (matching administrative data from the R&D Information System with data from the Ministry of Finance).
- Quality management in data processing includes checking administrative data from the R&D Information System and eliminating errors and missing information as well as processing errors (if any).
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
See below.
12.1.1. Needs at national level
| Users’ class1 | Description of users | Users’ needs |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eurostat, European Commission, OECD, Government of the Czech Republic (R&D Council), Ministry of Industry and Business, Ministry of Education | Data for analyses, decisions on policyissues, publishing etc. |
| 3 | Media | Interested in data for news articles andanalytical purposes |
| 4 | Researchers and students (universities, Academy of Science etc.) | Data for analytical purposes |
1) Users' class codification
1- Institutions:
• European level: Commission (DGs, Secretariat General), Council, European Parliament, ECB, other European agencies etc.
• in Member States, at the national or regional level: Ministries of Economy or Finance, other ministries (for sectoral comparisons), National Statistical Institutes and other statistical agencies (norms, training, etc.), and
• International organisations: OECD, UN, IMF, ILO, etc.
2- Social actors: Employers’ associations, trade unions, lobbies, among others, at the European, national or regional level.
3- Media: International or regional media – specialized or for the general public – interested both in figures and analyses or comments. The media are the main channels of statistics to the general public.
4- Researchers and students (Researchers and students need statistics, analyses, ad hoc services, access to specific data.)
5- Enterprises or businesses (Either for their own market analysis, their marketing strategy (large enterprises) or because they offer consultancy services)
6- Other (User class defined for national purposes, different from the previous classes.)
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
To evaluate if users' needs have been satisfied, the best way is to use user satisfaction surveys.
12.2.1. National Surveys and feedback
| Conduction of a user satisfaction survey or any other type of monitoring user satisfaction | No user satisfaction survey has been carried out for GBARD statistics. |
|---|---|
| User satisfaction survey specific for GBARD statistics | No |
| Short description of the feedback received | - |
12.3. Completeness
See below.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
100%
12.3.2. Completeness - overview
Completeness is assessed via comparison of the data delivered against the requirements of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197.
| 5 (Very Good) |
4 (Good) |
3 (Satisfactory) |
2 (Poor) |
1 (Very poor) |
Reasons for missing cells | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provisional budget statistics1 | x | |||||
| Obligatory final budget statistics1 | x | |||||
| Optional final budget statistics2 | x |
1) Criteria: Obligatory data (provisional budget and final budget). Only 'Very Good' = 100% and 'Very Poor' <100% apply.
2) Criteria: Optional data (final budget). 'Very Good' = 100%; 'Good' = >75%;'Satisfactory' 50 to 75%%; 'Poor' 25 to 50%; 'Very Poor' 0 to 25%.
12.3.3. Data availability
See below.
12.3.3.1. Data availability – Provisional data
| Availability1 | Frequency of data collection | Gap years – years with missing data | Time of compilation (T+x)2 | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total GBARD | Y-2000 | Annually | T-2 | ||
| NABS Chapter level | Y-2000 | Annually | T-2 | ||
| NABS Sub-chapter level | Y-2000 | Annually | T-2 | ||
| Special categories - Biotech | N | - | - | ||
| Special categories - Nanotech | N | - | - | ||
| Special categories - Security | N | - | - |
1) Availability of the data: N: No, data are not available, Y: Yes, data are available + start year.
2) Time of compilation: T is assumed to represent the end of reference period, x expresses the number of months after (positive) or before (negative) T when data is compiled
12.3.3.2. Data availability – Final data
| Availability1 | Frequency of data collection | Gap years – years with missing data | Time of compilation (T+x)2 | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total GBARD | Y-2000 | Annually | T+9 | ||
| NABS Chapter level | Y-2000 | Annually | T+9 | ||
| NABS Sub-chapter level | Y-2000 | Annually | T+9 | ||
| Special categories - Biotech | N | - | |||
| Special categories - Nanotech | N | - | |||
| Special categories - Security | N | - |
1) Availability of the data: N: No, data are not available, Y: Yes, data are available + start year.
2) Time of compilation: T is assumed to represent the end of reference period, x expresses the number of months after (positive) or before (negative) T when data is compiled
12.3.3.3. Data availability – Other special categories
| Special categories | Stage1 | Availability1 | Frequency of data colletion | Gap years – years with missing data | Time of compilation (T+x)3 | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breakdown by funding mode for GBARD | F | Y-2009 | Annually | T+9 | ||
| National public funding to transnationally coordinated R&D | F | Y-2007 | Annually | T+10 | ||
| GBARD by type of Ministry | F | Y-2000 | Annually | T+9 | ||
1) Stage: P - provisional, F - final.
2) Availability of the data: No, data are not available, Y: Yes, data are available + start year.
3) Time of compilation: T is assumed to represent the end of reference period, x expresses the number of months after (positive) or before (negative) T when data is compiled
13.1. Accuracy - overall
Accuracy in the statistical sense denotes the closeness of computations or estimates to the exact or true values. Statistics are not equal with the true values because of variability (the statistics change from implementation to implementation of the survey due to random effects) and bias (the average of the possible values of the statistics from implementation to implementation is not equal to the true value due to systematic effects).
Several types of statistical errors occur during the survey process. The following typology of errors has been adopted:
- Sampling errors. These only affect sample surveys. They are due to the fact that only a subset of the population, usually randomly selected, is enumerated.
- Non-sampling errors. Non-sampling errors affect sample surveys and complete enumerations alike and comprise:
-
- Coverage errors,
- Measurement errors,
- Non response errors and
- Processing errors.
Model assumption errors should be treated under the heading of the respective error they are trying to reduce.
13.1.1. Accuracy - Overall by 'Types of Error'
| Sampling errors | Non-sampling errors1) | Model-assumption Errors1) | Perceived direction of the error2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coverage errors | Measurement errors | Processing errors | Non response errors | |||
| - | - | - | 5 | 5 | +/- | +/- |
1) Ranking of the type(s) of errors that result in over/under-estimation, from the most important source of error (1) to the least important source of error (5) In the event that errors of a particular type do not exist, is used the sign ‘-‘.
2) The perceived direction of the ‘overall’ error using the signs “+” for over estimation, “-” for under estimation and “+/-” when assumption of the direction of the error cannot be made for GBARD.
13.1.2. Assessment of the accuracy
| Indicators | 5 (Very Good)1 | 4 (Good)2 | 3 (Satisfactory)3 | 2 (Poor)4 | 1 (Very poor)5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GBARD | x | ||||
| National public funding to transnationally coordinated R & D | x |
1) High level of coverage (At least all national or federal ministries and the ministries and agencies responsible for R&D funding at state or regional level). High rate of response (>90%) in data collection. All figures broken down by NABS.
2) If at least one out of the three criteria described above would not be fully met.
3) In the event that the rate of response would be lower than 80% even by meeting the two remaining criteria.
4) In the event that the average rate of response would be lower than 70% and at least one of the two remaining criteria would not be met.
5) If all the three criteria described above are not met.
13.2. Sampling error
Not requested.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Not requested.
13.3. Non-sampling error
Non-sampling errors occur in all phases of a survey. They add to the sampling errors (if present) and contribute to decreasing overall accuracy. It is important to assess their relative weight in the total error and devote appropriate resources for their control and assessment.
13.3.1. Coverage error
Coverage errors are due to divergences between the target population and the frame population. The frame population is the set of target population members that has a chance to be selected into the survey sample. It is a listing of all items in the population from which the sample is drawn that contains contact details as well as sufficient information to perform stratification and sampling.
a) Description/assessment of coverage errors:
No such errors.
b) Measures taken to reduce their effect:
-
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
GBARD data are not collected from units not included in the FM2015 definition.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not requested.
13.3.2. Measurement error
Measurement errors occur during data collection and generate bias by recording values different than the true ones. The survey questionnaire used for data collection may have led to the recording of wrong values.
a) Description/assessment of measurement errors:
No such errors.
b) Measures taken to reduce their effect:
-
13.3.3. Non response error
Non response errors: occur when a survey failed to collect data on all survey variables from all the population units designated for data collection in a sample or complete enumeration.
a) Problems in obtaining data from targeted information providers:
It concerns only supplement data/ information from universities (a specific part of research performed at universities – 5 % of overall amount which is provided for R&D on universities from the state budget).
b) Measures taken to reduce their effect:
Two reminders are sent to universities when necessary. The response rate is 100%.
c) Effect of non-response errors on the produced statistics:
The minimal impact on the GBARD data produced.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Not requested.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Not requested.
13.3.4. Processing error
Between data collection and the beginning of statistical analysis, data must undergo a certain processing: coding, data entry, data editing, imputation, etc. Errors introduced at these stages are called processing errors. Data editing identifies inconsistencies or errors in the data.
a) Data processing and editing processes:
The administrative data for the GBARD statistics are taken from the R&D Information System. The data provided for GBARD statistics are already checked and validated by the public funding bodies.
b) Description of errors:
-
c) Measures taken to reduce their effect:
-
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Model assumption errors occur when the assumptions made for the estimation of parameters, models, the testing of statistical hypotheses, etc., are violated. As a result, the quality of the resulting statistics is affected (e.g. degrees of confidence might be inflated).
Description/assessment:
-
14.1. Timeliness
Timeliness and punctuality refer to time and dates, but in a different manner: the timeliness of statistics reflects the length of time between their availability and the event or phenomenon they describe. Punctuality refers to the time lag between the release date of the data and the target date on which they should have been delivered, with reference to dates announced in the official release calendar.
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
Date of first release of national data: T+10
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
Date of first release of national data: T+12
14.2. Punctuality
Punctuality refers to the time lag between the release date of data and the target date on which they were scheduled for release as announced officially.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
Punctuality of time schedule of data release = (Actual date of the data release) - (Scheduled date of the data release)
14.2.1.1. Deadline and date of data transmission
| Transmission of provisional data | Transmission of final data | |
|---|---|---|
| Legally defined deadline of data transmission (T+_ months) | 6 | 12 |
| Actual date of transmission of the data (T+x months) | 6 | 12 |
| Delay (days) | 0 | 0 |
| Reasoning for delay | - | - |
15.1. Comparability - geographical
See below.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
Not requested.
15.1.2. Survey Concepts Issues
The following table lists a number of key survey concepts and conceptual issues; it gives reference to the Commission Regulation No 2020/1197, Frascati manual and the EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics paragraphs with recommendations about these concepts / issues.
| Concept / Issue | Reference to recommendations | Deviation from recommendations | National definition / Treatment / Deviations from recommendations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Research and development | FM2015 Chapter 2 (mainly paragraphs 2.3 and 2.4). | No deviations | |
| Coverage of levels of government | FM2015, §12.5 to 12.9 | No deviations | |
| Socioeconomic objectives coverage and breakdown | Reg. 2020/1197: Annex 1, Table 20 | No deviations | |
| Reference period | Reg. 2020/1197: Annex 1, Table 20 | No deviations |
15.1.3. Deviations from recommendations
GBARD encompass all spending allocations met from sources of government revenue foreseen within the budget, such as taxation. Spending allocations by extra-budgetary government entities are within the scope only to the extent that their funds are allocated through the budgetary process (FM2015 §12.9). The following table lists a number of key methodological issues, which may affect the international comparability of national GBARD statistics.
| Methodological issues | Reference to recommendations | Deviation from recommendations | National definition / Treatment / Deviations from recommendations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Definition of GBARD | FM § 12.9 | GBARD includes all outlays to be met from taxation (in conformity with the FM). | |
| Stages of data collection | FM2015 §12.41 | No deviations | |
| Gross / net approach, net principle | FM2015 §12.20 and 12.21 | No deviations | |
| EU/other funds | Eurostat's EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics | Co-financing of the Structural EU funds (ESIF) is included. | |
| Types of expenditure | FM2015 §12.15 to 12.18 | No deviations | |
| Current and capital expenditure | FM §12.15 | No deviations | |
| Extra budgetary funds | FM §12.8, 12.20, 12.38 | No deviations | |
| Loans | FM §12.31, 12.32, 12.34 | No deviations | |
| Indirect funding, tax rebates, etc. | FM §12.31 - 12.38 | No deviations | Indirect funding is excluded from GBARD. Tax rebates are calculated separately (GTARD). |
| Treatment of multi-annual projects | FM2015 §12.44 | No deviations | |
| Treatment of GBARD going to R&D abroad | FM2015 §12.19 | No deviations | GBARD cover fees for the participation of the Czech Republic in international research and development programmes and fees for the membership in international research and development organisations (CERN, COST, EUREKA etc.). |
| Criterion for distribution by socioeconomic objective | FM2015 §12.50 to 12.71 | No deviations | |
| Method of identification of primary objective | Eurostat's EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics, topic 2, statement B.6 | No deviations |
15.2. Comparability - over time
See below.
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
See below.
15.2.2. Breaks in time series
| Length of comparable time series | Break years1 | Nature of the breaks | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Provisional data | 2000-2023 | - | |
| Final data | 2000-2023 | - |
1) Breaks years are years for which data are not fully comparable to the previous period.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Different concepts. Figures differ due to the inclusion of payments to international research and development programmes and membership fees to international research and development organisations in GBARD (excluded in GERD) and the exclusion of public support from local/regional government from GBARD (included in GERD).
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
Not requested.
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
Not requested.
15.4. Coherence - internal
This part compares GBARD statistics from the provisional and final budget for the reference year.
15.4.1. Comparison between provisional and final data according to NABS 2007
| R&D allocations in the provisional budget delivered at T+6 | R&D allocations in the final budget delivered at T+12 | Difference (of final data) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exploration and exploitation of the Earth | 885 122 | 843 463 | -41 659 |
| Environment | 943 765 | 1 056 989 | 113 224 |
| Exploration and exploitation of space | 740 340 | 670 831 | -69 509 |
| Transport, telecommunication and other infrastructures | 1 327 357 | 1 411 510 | 84 153 |
| Energy | 1 370 257 | 1 636 410 | 266 152 |
| Industrial production and technology | 4 219 429 | 3 615 620 | -603 808 |
| Health | 2 479 940 | 2 617 960 | 138 020 |
| Agriculture | 1 542 272 | 1 482 738 | -59 534 |
| Education | 220 028 | 280 704 | 60 676 |
| Culture, recreation, religion and mass media | 578 005 | 902 796 | 324 792 |
| Political and social systems, structures and processes | 870 398 | 776 063 | -94 335 |
| General advancement of knowledge: R&D financed from General University Funds (GUF) | 10 193 135 | 10 091 928 | -101 207 |
| General advancement of knowledge: R&D financed from other sources than GUF | 12 498 325 | 13 403 287 | 904 962 |
| Defence | 290 213 | 248 775 | -41 437 |
| TOTAL GBARD | 38 158 585 | 39 039 073 | 880 489 |
The assessment of costs associated with a statistical product is a rather complicated task since there must exist a mechanism for appointing portions of shared costs (for instance shared IT resources and dissemination channels) and overheads (office space, utility bills etc). The assessment must become detailed and clear enough so that international comparisons among agencies of different structures are feasible.
16.1. Costs summary
| Costs for the statistical authority (in national currency) | % sub-contracted1) | |
|---|---|---|
| Staff costs | 281 | 0% |
| Data collection costs | 42 | 0% |
| Other costs | 31 | 0% |
| Total costs | 354 | 0% |
| Comments on costs | ||
| In thousands CZK. Costs are estimated. | ||
1) The shares of the figures given in the first column that are accounted for by payments to private firms or other Government agencies.
16.2. Components of burden and description of how these estimates were reached
| Value | Computation method | |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Respondents (R) | - | |
| Average Time required to complete the questionnaire in hours (T)1 | - | |
| Average hourly cost (in national currency) of a respondent (C) | - | |
| Total cost | - |
1) T = the time required to provide the information, including time spent assembling information prior to completing a form or taking part in interview and the time taken up by any subsequent contacts after receipt of the questionnaire (‘Re-contact time’)
17.1. Data revision - policy
No data revision policy.
17.2. Data revision - practice
Not requested.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
Not requested.
18.1. Source data
a) Provisional data:
State Treasury Database
b) Final data:
Research and Development Information System + State Treasury Database
c) General University Funds (GUF):
Research and Development Information System + data additional data from beneficiaries
18.2. Frequency of data collection
See 12.3.3.
18.3. Data collection
See below.
18.3.1. Data collection overview
| Provisional data | Final data | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Data collection method | Mainly textual analysis of the state budget. Basic data are derived from the R&D Information System (managed by the Government of the Czech Republic). | Data are derived fromthe R&D Information System (administered by Government of the Czech Republic) and State Treasury Database + supplementary e-survey (GUF data). | |
| Stage of data collection | Provisional data are based on figures from stage iv). | Final data on figures from stage vii). | |
| Reporting units | All R&D funding institutions | All R&D funding institutions | |
| Basic variable | Central government R&D appropriations | Central government R&D appropriations | |
| Time of data collection (T+x)1) | T-2 | T+9 | |
| Problems in the translation of budget items | No problems. Reseach and development budget items is defined clearly in the State Budget. | ||
1) Time of data collection (T+x): T is assumed to represent the end of reference period. x expresses the number of months after (positive) or before (negative) T when data is collected.
18.3.2. General University Funds (GUF)
R&D Information System + E-survey (respondents = universities)
General university funds are defined in the Frascati Manual as all institutional funds made available to universities to support their research activities.
18.3.3. Distribution by socioeconomic objectives (SEO)
| Level of distribution of budgetary items – institution or programme/project | Both institution (for institutional support) and project (for project/targeted support) level. |
|---|---|
| Criterion of distribution – purpose or content | The distribution is based on the main content of the project or programme and the purpose of the institutional support. |
| Method of identification of primary objectives | Direct derivation: A project which owes its existence solely to the technical needs of another programme is a direct derivative of that programme and should be classified with it. |
| Difficulties of distribution | A low level of difficulty. It concerns in particular interdisciplinary research and development projects. |
18.3.4. Questionnaire and other documents
| Annex | Name of the file |
|---|---|
| GBARD national questionnaire and explanatory notes in English: | No national questionnaire. |
| GBARD national questionnaire and explanatory notes in the national language: | No national questionnaire. |
| Other relevant documentation of national methodology in English: | No national questionnaire. |
| Other relevant documentation of national methodology in the national language: | No national questionnaire. |
18.4. Data validation
Validation activities include: comparing the GBARD statistics with previous cycles, comparing the GBARD statistics with other relevant data (R&D survey/State Final Accounts), investigating inconsistencies in the GBARD statistics.
18.5. Data compilation
See below.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
Not applicable
18.5.2. Data compilation methods
See below.
18.5.2.1. Identifying R&D
| Method(s) of separating R&D from non-R&D | Frascati manual definitions |
|---|---|
| Description of the use of the coefficient (if applicable) | - |
| Coefficient estimation method | - |
| Frequency of updating of coefficients | - |
18.5.2.2. General University Funds (GUF)
| Method(s) of separating R&D from non-R&D | GUF can be identified separately (via a supplementary e-survey). |
|---|---|
| Description of the use of the coefficient (if applicable) | - |
| Coefficient estimation method | - |
| Frequency of updating of coefficients | - |
18.5.2.3. Other issues
| Treatment of multi-annual programmes | Multi-annual programmes are not reported in a single year. They are allocated to the years in which they are budgeted. |
|---|---|
| Possibility to classify budgetary items by COFOG functions | No |
| Possibility to classify budgetary items by other nomenclatures e.g. NACE | NACE |
| Method of estimation of future budgets | The Ministry of Finance makes the plan/estimate of total GBARD for the next 3 years. The plan is updated every year. |
18.6. Adjustment
Not requested.
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Not requested.
Statistics on Government Budget Allocations for R&D (GBARD) measure government support to research and development (R&D) activities, and thereby provide information about the priority governments give to different public R&D funding activities. This type of funder-based approach for reporting R&D involves identifying all the budget items that may support R&D activities and measuring or estimating their R&D content.
Main concepts and definitions used for the production of R&D statistics are given by the OECD (2015), Frascati Manual 2015: Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities (FM 2015, Chapter 12), which is the internationally recognised standard methodology for collecting R&D statistics and by Eurostat’s European Business Statistics Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics (EBS Methodological Manual on R&D Statistics).
Since the beginning of 2021, the collection of R&D statistics is based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020.
The Regulation sets the framework for the collection of R&D statistics and specifies the main variables of interest and their breakdowns at predefined level of detail (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (europa.eu)).
Statistics on science, technology and innovation were collected until the end of 2020 based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2012/995 concerning the production and development of Community statistics on science and technology.
25 September 2025
Not requested.
Not organised as a sample survey. Administrative data are taken from the R&D Information System.
The R&D Information System is an information system of the public administration for a collection, processing, publication and utilization of an information about the research and development, which has been supported by public budgets.
Statistical unit: R&D projects and institutional support (any budget item included in the R&D Information System).
See below.
Not requested.
a) Calendar year: 2023
b) Fiscal year: Does not apply. Reference year always equals the calendar year.
Start month:
End month:
Accuracy in the statistical sense denotes the closeness of computations or estimates to the exact or true values. Statistics are not equal with the true values because of variability (the statistics change from implementation to implementation of the survey due to random effects) and bias (the average of the possible values of the statistics from implementation to implementation is not equal to the true value due to systematic effects).
Several types of statistical errors occur during the survey process. The following typology of errors has been adopted:
- Sampling errors. These only affect sample surveys. They are due to the fact that only a subset of the population, usually randomly selected, is enumerated.
- Non-sampling errors. Non-sampling errors affect sample surveys and complete enumerations alike and comprise:
-
- Coverage errors,
- Measurement errors,
- Non response errors and
- Processing errors.
Model assumption errors should be treated under the heading of the respective error they are trying to reduce.
Not requested.
See below.
a) Provisional data:
State Treasury Database
b) Final data:
Research and Development Information System + State Treasury Database
c) General University Funds (GUF):
Research and Development Information System + data additional data from beneficiaries
GBARD data are disseminated annually.
Timeliness and punctuality refer to time and dates, but in a different manner: the timeliness of statistics reflects the length of time between their availability and the event or phenomenon they describe. Punctuality refers to the time lag between the release date of the data and the target date on which they should have been delivered, with reference to dates announced in the official release calendar.
See below.
See below.
