Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
[SI1] Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia (SURS)
1.2. Contact organisation unit
International Trade Section and Structural Statistics and SBR Section
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia
54 Litostrojska cesta
SI-1000 Ljubljana
Slovenia
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
31 December 2025
2.2. Metadata last posted
31 December 2025
2.3. Metadata last update
31 December 2025
3.1. Data description
Statistics on international supply of services (ISS) by modes of supply (MoS) show how and where services are supplied internationally, namely by answering the question of 'how' services are exchanged across countries and 'where' services are supplied to foreign customers. Detailed information on international supply of services statistics by services category, mode of supply and partner country help policymakers carry out the ongoing and future trade negotiating agenda with facts and strong, evidence-based arguments and they allow to monitor the impact of services trade agreements.
The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), the first multilateral agreement to cover trade in services, defines trade in services as the supply of a service through any of four modes of supply, outlined in the bullet points below.
Mode 1 - cross-border supply: from the territory of one country into the territory of another country;
Mode 2 - consumption abroad: in the territory of one country to the service consumer of another country;
Mode 3 - commercial presence: by a service supplier of one country, through a commercial presence in the territory of another country. The FATS framework is designed to provide information on the activities of enterprises located in foreign markets;
Mode 4 - presence of natural persons: by a service supplier of one country, through the presence of natural persons of that country in the territory of any other country.
For more details on the concepts and definitions see section "3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions".
3.3. Coverage - sector
Not applicable for Modes 1, 2 and 4.
Mode 3 statistics base on FATS (Foreign Affiliates Statistics) statistics and cover NACE Sections D to S (excluding O) and division C33 classified under NACE Rev. 2 (SKD 2008). All enterprise size classes are included. The sectoral and size-class coverage is consistent with the EU FATS/OFATS framework. No substantial differences in the main economic sectors or size class definitions compared with the European reference are observed.
Table 1. Product breakdown by EBOPS 2010 main and detailed components, and complementary groupings
EBOPS 2010 Main Components
EBOPS 2010 Detailed components
1. Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others
2. Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.
Optional: 2.a Of which: goods
3. Transport
Optional: Valuation of freight transport services on a transaction-basis
3.1. Sea transport
3.2. Air transport
3.3. Other modes of transport
3.4. Postal and courier services
4. Travel
4.a. Of which: goods
5. Construction
5.a. Of which: goods
6. Insurance and pension services
7. Financial services
8. Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e.
9. Telecommunications, computer, and information services
9.1. Telecommunications services
9.2. Computer services
9.3. Information services
10. Other business services
10.1. Research and development services
10.2. Professional and management consulting services
Optional items:
10.2.1. Legal, accounting, management consulting, and public relations services;
10.2.2. Advertising, market research, and public opinion polling services
10.3. Technical, trade-related, and other business services
Optional items:
10.3.1. Architectural, engineering, scientific, and other technical services;
10.3.2. Waste treatment and de-pollution, agricultural and mining services;
10.3.3. Operating leasing services;
10.3.4. Trade-related services;
10.3.5. Other business services n.i.e.
11. Personal, cultural and recreational services
11.1. Audiovisual and related services
11.2. Other personal, cultural and recreational services
12. Government goods and services, n.i.e
12.a Of which goods
EBOPS 2010 complementary grouping C. Total trade-related transactions (optional item) C.a Trade-related services (item 10.3.4 – optional item) C.b Distribution services
Product breakdown according to CPA classification is voluntary.
Mode of supply breakdown is defined in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197, Annex VI, Section 2: — Total international supply of services (total of modes 1, 2, 3 and 4) — Mode 1 (‘cross border transactions’), — Mode 2 (‘consumption abroad’), — Mode 3 (‘commercial presence’), and — Mode 4 (‘presence of natural persons’).
3.5. Statistical unit
Not applicable for Modes 1, 2 and 4.
The statistical unit for Mode 3 is the enterprise as defined in line with the Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community. The enterprise is the smallest combination of legal units that is an organisational unit producing goods or services, which benefits from a certain degree of autonomy in decision-making, especially for the allocation of its current resources. An enterprise carries out one or more activities at one or more locations. An enterprise may be a sole legal unit. An enterprise may consist of several ownership-related legal units, as long as they operate on the market as one independent enterprise. The unit is active if it had turnover or employees or investment and were therefore active during at least a part of the reference period. Mode 3 refer to domestic enterprises and branches under foreign control (import of services) or domestically controlled foreign units (export of services) where the controlling unit itself is not controlled by another legal unit or natural person (Ultimate Controlling Institutional Unit, UCI concept).
3.6. Statistical population
Total international supply of services by all four modes of supply.
3.7. Reference area
Slovenia
The reference area is a country or geographical/political group of countries related to a measured economic phenomenon for which MoS statistics are provided using the relevant code list of the DSD. The country code list follows the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 classification and is a cross-domain code list, used also in business statistics, balance of payment and national accounts.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Data are available on a yearly basis. The first reference period is 2023.
For Modes 1, 2 and 4, data are available from the year 2023 onwards, with the first data transmission completed by the end of October 2024. For Mode 3 and Totals, data are available from the year 2023 onwards, with the first data transmission completed in October 2025.
First data transmission for reference year 2024 for modes 1, 2, and 4 were in October 2025. First data transmission for reference year 2024 for Mode 3 and Totals will take place in October 2026.
3.9. Base period
Not applicable.
Data are reported in national currency (thousands).
For dissemination purposes, Eurostat converts and publishes the data in million euro.
Calendar year.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 on European business statistics sets the data requirements in the field of international supply of services by modes for the EU Member States and EFTA countries. The exact technical specifications are listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197. The requirements concerning the MoS domain are defined in table 38 "Statistics on international activities – International Supply of Services by Mode of Supply – annual data" of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197. The variable must be reported annually with first reference year 2023.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Data are prepared in close cooperation between National Statistical Office and the Bank of Slovenia. NSI provides statistical register data and most of data needed for travel services, as well as FISIM, whereas the Bank of Slovenia conducts direct reporting system for services other than travel. Finally database is prepared by the Bank of Slovenia and sent to National Statistical Office in order to create MoS report with confidentiality attributes. Data are sent to Eurostat by National Statistical Office. Eurostat makes available all non-confidential data on its dissemination website.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society. National legislations related to statistical confidentiality determine National Statistics Act (OJ RS, No. 45/95 and 9/01).
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Datasets are protected using cell suppression; the same criteria for primary confidential cells are used for all these datasets; secondary protection is applied; if a cell is presented in more than one dataset, it has the same protection in all these datasets.
8.1. Release calendar
National data are published once a year. Release dates are announced in release calendar. Eurostat release calendar can be found on their website.
8.2. Release calendar access
The release calendar is accessible in Slovene and English language at the SURS web page approximately a year before the next release.
8.3. Release policy - user access
In line with the legal framework and the European Statistics Code of Practice, SURS disseminates national statistics on its website in an independent, objective and transparent manner, ensuring equal access for all users. The release schedule is published on the SURS website and is available to all users.
Annual.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
National data are published as First release, once a year for the reference year on the SURS website in both Slovenian and English. No regular or ad-hoc news release related to this dataset has been published so far. The first news release is planned by the end of 2025.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Not applicable.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
Following the first dissemination, planned by the end of 2025, the data will be accessible through the SiStat online database on the SURS website.
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations
Not applicable.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
No microdata is disseminated. Access to statistically protected microdata is possible only for registered researchers. The statistically protected microdata are in such cases available for researchers in a "secure room" in National Statistical Office. National Statistical Office removes all identifiers that may lead to exposure of single reporting unit in such cases.
We assess and control the data before their use for report preparation.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
The overall quality of MoS data is assessed using the standard Eurostat quality criteria, including relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, coherence, comparability, and accessibility. The data are considered high-quality and reliable, supported by comprehensive quality assurance and validation procedures. Quality assessment procedures include: • Internal validation checks during data collection and compilation to detect inconsistencies, missing values, and outliers. • Metadata and validation Reports submitted to Eurostat, describing the results and other methodological explanations • Monitoring changes in methodology or coverage
In general, according to the information available from the quality reports, the data providers have applied the recommendations available in the Regulation (EU) 2019/2152.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
Statistics by MoS matter greatly from a trade policy perspective and for economic analysis and economic policy. This type of information is in high and growing demand by International and supranational organisations, academics and policy makers. This demand is partly driven by the increasingly important role that services play in international trade.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
As this is a new survey, so far there were no additional requests regarding this data.
12.3. Completeness
International trade in services statistics by mode of supply are based on the EU legislation which is directly applicable in the EU Member States and EFTA countries.
All the tables and variables required by Eurostat regulations and guidelines were provided to Eurostat. For reference year 2024 MoS1, MoS2 and MoS4 data were sent in October 2025 and MoS3 and total international supply of services (total of modes 1, 2, 3 and 4) data will be sent to Eurostat in October 2026.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
All data cells required for the reference period have been provided in line with Eurostat requirements.
Modes 1, 2 and 4 dataset for reference period 2024 is complete. For defined flow we sent all required data cells to Eurostat (T+10).
Mode 3 and total international supply of services (total of modes 1, 2, 3 and 4) dataset will be sent to Eurostat in October 2026 (T+22).
Data for reference year 2023 is complete as MoS 1, 2, 3, 4 and Total were sent to Eurostat. No completeness issues or systematic missing data have been identified.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) are part of balance of payments statistics, further broken down by activity and mode of supply. Quality of data is ensured within balance of payments quality procedures and assessed by Eurostat and ECB in their regular quality report exercises. Quality of structural business statistics and TEC (trade by enterprise characteristics) data is ensured within structural business statistics and international trade in goods quality procedures and assessed by Eurostat in their regular quality report exercises.
The overall accuracy of the results for Mode 3 data can be assessed as good. The Mode 3 data, base on subset of FATS data population, which means that they are derived from the same underlying data sources as the SBS data but only focus on activities where services can be obtained. The Mode 3 data cover subset of FATS data with additional administrative data (annual reports) to distinguish between sales of goods and services sold to resident clients.
13.2. Sampling error
Not applicable.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Not applicable.
13.3. Non-sampling error
Not applicable.
13.3.1. Coverage error
Not applicable.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
Not applicable.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not applicable.
13.3.2. Measurement error
Not applicable.
13.3.3. Non response error
Not applicable.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Not applicable.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Not applicable.
13.3.4. Processing error
Not applicable.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not applicable.
14.1. Timeliness
Datasets are reported by countries to Eurostat with timeliness:
T+10 M for Modes 1, 2 and 4;
T+22 M for Mode 3 and Total international supply of services (Total of Modes 1, 2, 3 and 4).
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
Not applicable.
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
Not applicable.
14.2. Punctuality
Data were sent to Eurostat before the deadline.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
The punctuality of MoS data collection and dissemination has been fully respected. No delays have been recorded.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
From a methodological point of view, the comparability across countries is ensured by the implementation of the concepts and definitions set up by the EU legislation and by the application of the complementary guidelines provided by the European business statistics compilers guide for European statistics on international supply of services by mode of supply 2023 edition. Data is comparable across EU Member States as the legal basis and harmonised methodology was adopted with the European Business Statistics Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 and Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
Not applicable.
15.2. Comparability - over time
First year of the data is 2023; the first data transmission for modes 1, 2 and 4 had taken place by the end of October 2024 and took place for mode 3 and totals in October 2025.
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
Length of comparable time series (CC2) = 2; MoS data is available from reference year 2023.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Cross-domain checks are performed by Eurostat for the respective items from the ITS domain against the respective items in the MoS domain to ensure the coherence betwen the trade values.
Mode 3 statistics are conceptually and methodologically consistent with related data sources FATS and SBS domains.
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
Not applicable.
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
Not applicable.
15.4. Coherence - internal
The internal coherence of the MoS datasets is ensured by the intra- and inter-dataset checks carried out by Eurostat before any MoS data dissemination.
The dataset is internally consistent, and no coherence issues have been identified.
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) is provided mainly by linking direct reported data that are used also for balance of payments with statistical register attributes. There is no additional reporting burden from enterprises. However, additional efforts are required from the staff of the Bank of Slovenia and the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia.
Information on exports and imports of services for Mode 3 is obtained from the Outward Foreign Affiliates Statistics (OFATS), the Inward Foreign Affiliates Statistics (IFATS), and other existing administrative sources (e.g. annual reports). There is no additional reporting burden for enterprises. However, additional efforts are required from the staff of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia.
17.1. Data revision - policy
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) is revised according to balance of payments release schedule.
For Mode 3 only final data are published. There is no special revision policy for Mode 3, but in case of need, we are obliged to act in accordance with the General revision policy of the SURS.
17.2. Data revision - practice
MODALL flow enables the transmission of revisions for previous years or revisions for all four modes and total for the same reporting year. It consists of modes 1, 2, 3 and 4, and total international supply of services (total of modes 1, 2, 3 and 4) and has a transmission deadline of T+22 months.
No data revisions are carried out for Mode 3. All data are final when compiled, as they are derived from administrative sources and final FATS data. No planned or unplanned revisions have occurred.
The MoS data for reference year 2023 Modes 1, 2 and 4 were revised in accordance with balance of payments release schedule and Eurostat's methodological guidelines. The MoS data for refence year 2024 that Slovenia sent to Eurostat have not yet been revised.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
Not applicable.
18.1. Source data
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) is prepared in close cooperation between National Statistical Office and the Bank of Slovenia. NSI provides statistical register data and most of data needed for estimation of travel services, as well as FISIM, whereas the Bank of Slovenia conducts direct reporting system for services other than travel. Split to different modes is done according to recommendations of Eurostat/WTO published in MoS manual 2023 edition. Final database is prepared by the Bank of Slovenia and sent to National Statistical Office in order to create final MOS report – adding mode 3, distribution services and confidentiality attributes. Data are sent to Eurostat by National Statistical Office.
Data for Mode 3 – Commercial Presence are compiled annually using a multisource system based exclusively on existing administrative and statistical data. No surveys or sampling procedures are carried out specifically for Mode 3. The main source for imports of services under Mode 3 is the Inward Foreign Affiliates Statistics (IFATS), collected by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia (SURS). IFATS provides information on net turnover, production value and the country of the ultimate controlling institutional unit. The main source for exports of services under Mode 3 is the Outward Foreign Affiliates Statistics (OFATS), compiled by the Bank of Slovenia. Data exchange between institutions is based on formal agreements and technical protocols. OFATS provides information on net turnover and the territorial distribution of foreign affiliates under Slovenian control. For NACE section I (Accommodation and food service activities), data from the Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) produced by SURS are used to estimate domestically supplied services related to commercial presence. For the calculation of services supplied on the domestic market, data from annual financial statements (AJPES) are used. These administrative data include detailed information on net turnover, extracted from balance sheets and income statements. All sources ensure full coverage of the relevant populations, and they are combined through established data exchange procedures to produce consistent Mode 3 estimates.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Annual.
18.3. Data collection
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) is part of balance of payments data sources, which are later linked with business register and ratios for different modes.
Data for Mode 3 – Commercial Presence are not collected through a dedicated survey. All inputs are obtained from existing administrative and statistical sources. Therefore, no direct data collection from respondents is conducted.
18.4. Data validation
The MoS data undergo a comprehensive validation process to ensure accuracy, consistency, and coherence before dissemination and transmission to Eurostat. For data transmission to Eurostat, SURS applies the official SDMX data exchange format, ensuring full structural and metadata compliance. Transmission is executed via EDAMIS, following the standard validation workflow: • Pre-validation phase – data files are uploaded to the EDAMIS where structural validation (STRUVAL) and content validation (CONVAL) are automatically performed. STRUVAL checks file integrity, mandatory fields, coding accuracy, and compliance with the Data Structure Definition (DSD). • Validation results are automatically reported (HTML/CSV). All detected errors must be corrected; warnings must be reviewed, justified and explained in the validation report. • Only datasets that successfully pass pre-validation (no remaining errors) are officially transmitted to Eurostat together with the validation report These validation and monitoring procedures ensure that Slovenian MoS data are fully compliant, internally coherent, and meet the high quality standards required under the EBS framework.
Data sources for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) are part of balance of payments as well as ITSS. They are routinely assessed for response error, code lists errors. Outliers are routinely detected and reconciled. There are also validations against yearly balance sheet database as well as the database of payments received on monthly basis from commercial banks. Larger reporters are manually checked also with annual reports. Each year samples are tested and new reporters are included in external statistics reporting obligation. Likewise grossing up coefficients are adjusted.
ITSS and BoP data is checked before transmission also in the struval/conval Eurostat Validation.
Structural business statistics and TEC data used for distribution services estimation is routinely checked within internal quality procedures and also checked before transmission in the struval/conval Eurostat validation.
18.5. Data compilation
Data for Modes 1, 2 and 4 are compiled from different data sources like direct reporting, different surveys related to travel, FISIM estimations.
The goods values are excluded from the EBOPS item SD. Mode 1 distribution services are estimated by using structural business statistics combined with TEC (trade by enterprise) statistics data; methodology is described in Eurostat's European business statistics compilers guide for European statistics on international supply of services by mode of supply - 2023 edition.
Data for Mode 3 – Commercial Presence are compiled annually using exclusively existing administrative and statistical data sources. No additional data collection from enterprises is carried out specifically for Mode 3. All sources cover the full population relevant for the measurement of commercial presence abroad (exports) and foreign commercial presence in Slovenia (imports). The main data sources are:
Inward Foreign Affiliates Statistics, conducted by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia (SURS), this source provides the basis for imports of services under Mode 3. Data include: net turnover, production value, NACE Rev. 2 activity, country of the Ultimate Controlling Institutional Unit (UCI). Data are derived from administrative registers, annual reports and represent a full-coverage dataset without sampling.
Outward Foreign Affiliates Statistics, Conducted by the Bank of Slovenia, with data exchange based on formal agreements and technical protocols. This survey/source provides the basis for exports of services under Mode 3. Observed variables include: net turnover generated by foreign affiliates under Slovenian control, country of location of the affiliate, economic activity. The source covers all identified outward affiliates and is matched with administrative data where needed.
Tourism Satellite Accounts data are used to estimate services supplied to residents on the domestic market in the Accommodation and Food Service Activities sector (NACE I).
Annual financial statements (AJPES), data are used to calculate domestically supplied services for Mode 3.
These administrative data ensure full coverage and consistency for the parts of Mode 3 that rely on financial reporting.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
Not applicable
18.6. Adjustment
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) - procedures for grossing up for nonreporting population (below threshold) regarding ITSS. Target population is set once a year, when supplementary data on rest of the world which is part of balance sheet report is available.
Data for Mode 3 are compiled annually using a multisource system based on existing administrative and statistical data.
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Not applicable.
Statistics on international supply of services (ISS) by modes of supply (MoS) show how and where services are supplied internationally, namely by answering the question of 'how' services are exchanged across countries and 'where' services are supplied to foreign customers. Detailed information on international supply of services statistics by services category, mode of supply and partner country help policymakers carry out the ongoing and future trade negotiating agenda with facts and strong, evidence-based arguments and they allow to monitor the impact of services trade agreements.
The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), the first multilateral agreement to cover trade in services, defines trade in services as the supply of a service through any of four modes of supply, outlined in the bullet points below.
Mode 1 - cross-border supply: from the territory of one country into the territory of another country;
Mode 2 - consumption abroad: in the territory of one country to the service consumer of another country;
Mode 3 - commercial presence: by a service supplier of one country, through a commercial presence in the territory of another country. The FATS framework is designed to provide information on the activities of enterprises located in foreign markets;
Mode 4 - presence of natural persons: by a service supplier of one country, through the presence of natural persons of that country in the territory of any other country.
Table 1. Product breakdown by EBOPS 2010 main and detailed components, and complementary groupings
EBOPS 2010 Main Components
EBOPS 2010 Detailed components
1. Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others
2. Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.
Optional: 2.a Of which: goods
3. Transport
Optional: Valuation of freight transport services on a transaction-basis
3.1. Sea transport
3.2. Air transport
3.3. Other modes of transport
3.4. Postal and courier services
4. Travel
4.a. Of which: goods
5. Construction
5.a. Of which: goods
6. Insurance and pension services
7. Financial services
8. Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e.
9. Telecommunications, computer, and information services
9.1. Telecommunications services
9.2. Computer services
9.3. Information services
10. Other business services
10.1. Research and development services
10.2. Professional and management consulting services
Optional items:
10.2.1. Legal, accounting, management consulting, and public relations services;
10.2.2. Advertising, market research, and public opinion polling services
10.3. Technical, trade-related, and other business services
Optional items:
10.3.1. Architectural, engineering, scientific, and other technical services;
10.3.2. Waste treatment and de-pollution, agricultural and mining services;
10.3.3. Operating leasing services;
10.3.4. Trade-related services;
10.3.5. Other business services n.i.e.
11. Personal, cultural and recreational services
11.1. Audiovisual and related services
11.2. Other personal, cultural and recreational services
12. Government goods and services, n.i.e
12.a Of which goods
EBOPS 2010 complementary grouping C. Total trade-related transactions (optional item) C.a Trade-related services (item 10.3.4 – optional item) C.b Distribution services
Product breakdown according to CPA classification is voluntary.
Mode of supply breakdown is defined in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197, Annex VI, Section 2: — Total international supply of services (total of modes 1, 2, 3 and 4) — Mode 1 (‘cross border transactions’), — Mode 2 (‘consumption abroad’), — Mode 3 (‘commercial presence’), and — Mode 4 (‘presence of natural persons’).
Not applicable for Modes 1, 2 and 4.
The statistical unit for Mode 3 is the enterprise as defined in line with the Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community. The enterprise is the smallest combination of legal units that is an organisational unit producing goods or services, which benefits from a certain degree of autonomy in decision-making, especially for the allocation of its current resources. An enterprise carries out one or more activities at one or more locations. An enterprise may be a sole legal unit. An enterprise may consist of several ownership-related legal units, as long as they operate on the market as one independent enterprise. The unit is active if it had turnover or employees or investment and were therefore active during at least a part of the reference period. Mode 3 refer to domestic enterprises and branches under foreign control (import of services) or domestically controlled foreign units (export of services) where the controlling unit itself is not controlled by another legal unit or natural person (Ultimate Controlling Institutional Unit, UCI concept).
Total international supply of services by all four modes of supply.
Slovenia
The reference area is a country or geographical/political group of countries related to a measured economic phenomenon for which MoS statistics are provided using the relevant code list of the DSD. The country code list follows the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 classification and is a cross-domain code list, used also in business statistics, balance of payment and national accounts.
Calendar year.
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) are part of balance of payments statistics, further broken down by activity and mode of supply. Quality of data is ensured within balance of payments quality procedures and assessed by Eurostat and ECB in their regular quality report exercises. Quality of structural business statistics and TEC (trade by enterprise characteristics) data is ensured within structural business statistics and international trade in goods quality procedures and assessed by Eurostat in their regular quality report exercises.
The overall accuracy of the results for Mode 3 data can be assessed as good. The Mode 3 data, base on subset of FATS data population, which means that they are derived from the same underlying data sources as the SBS data but only focus on activities where services can be obtained. The Mode 3 data cover subset of FATS data with additional administrative data (annual reports) to distinguish between sales of goods and services sold to resident clients.
Data are reported in national currency (thousands).
For dissemination purposes, Eurostat converts and publishes the data in million euro.
Data for Modes 1, 2 and 4 are compiled from different data sources like direct reporting, different surveys related to travel, FISIM estimations.
The goods values are excluded from the EBOPS item SD. Mode 1 distribution services are estimated by using structural business statistics combined with TEC (trade by enterprise) statistics data; methodology is described in Eurostat's European business statistics compilers guide for European statistics on international supply of services by mode of supply - 2023 edition.
Data for Mode 3 – Commercial Presence are compiled annually using exclusively existing administrative and statistical data sources. No additional data collection from enterprises is carried out specifically for Mode 3. All sources cover the full population relevant for the measurement of commercial presence abroad (exports) and foreign commercial presence in Slovenia (imports). The main data sources are:
Inward Foreign Affiliates Statistics, conducted by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia (SURS), this source provides the basis for imports of services under Mode 3. Data include: net turnover, production value, NACE Rev. 2 activity, country of the Ultimate Controlling Institutional Unit (UCI). Data are derived from administrative registers, annual reports and represent a full-coverage dataset without sampling.
Outward Foreign Affiliates Statistics, Conducted by the Bank of Slovenia, with data exchange based on formal agreements and technical protocols. This survey/source provides the basis for exports of services under Mode 3. Observed variables include: net turnover generated by foreign affiliates under Slovenian control, country of location of the affiliate, economic activity. The source covers all identified outward affiliates and is matched with administrative data where needed.
Tourism Satellite Accounts data are used to estimate services supplied to residents on the domestic market in the Accommodation and Food Service Activities sector (NACE I).
Annual financial statements (AJPES), data are used to calculate domestically supplied services for Mode 3.
These administrative data ensure full coverage and consistency for the parts of Mode 3 that rely on financial reporting.
Data for modes 1, 2 and 4 (excluding distribution services) is prepared in close cooperation between National Statistical Office and the Bank of Slovenia. NSI provides statistical register data and most of data needed for estimation of travel services, as well as FISIM, whereas the Bank of Slovenia conducts direct reporting system for services other than travel. Split to different modes is done according to recommendations of Eurostat/WTO published in MoS manual 2023 edition. Final database is prepared by the Bank of Slovenia and sent to National Statistical Office in order to create final MOS report – adding mode 3, distribution services and confidentiality attributes. Data are sent to Eurostat by National Statistical Office.
Data for Mode 3 – Commercial Presence are compiled annually using a multisource system based exclusively on existing administrative and statistical data. No surveys or sampling procedures are carried out specifically for Mode 3. The main source for imports of services under Mode 3 is the Inward Foreign Affiliates Statistics (IFATS), collected by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia (SURS). IFATS provides information on net turnover, production value and the country of the ultimate controlling institutional unit. The main source for exports of services under Mode 3 is the Outward Foreign Affiliates Statistics (OFATS), compiled by the Bank of Slovenia. Data exchange between institutions is based on formal agreements and technical protocols. OFATS provides information on net turnover and the territorial distribution of foreign affiliates under Slovenian control. For NACE section I (Accommodation and food service activities), data from the Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) produced by SURS are used to estimate domestically supplied services related to commercial presence. For the calculation of services supplied on the domestic market, data from annual financial statements (AJPES) are used. These administrative data include detailed information on net turnover, extracted from balance sheets and income statements. All sources ensure full coverage of the relevant populations, and they are combined through established data exchange procedures to produce consistent Mode 3 estimates.
Annual.
Datasets are reported by countries to Eurostat with timeliness:
T+10 M for Modes 1, 2 and 4;
T+22 M for Mode 3 and Total international supply of services (Total of Modes 1, 2, 3 and 4).
From a methodological point of view, the comparability across countries is ensured by the implementation of the concepts and definitions set up by the EU legislation and by the application of the complementary guidelines provided by the European business statistics compilers guide for European statistics on international supply of services by mode of supply 2023 edition. Data is comparable across EU Member States as the legal basis and harmonised methodology was adopted with the European Business Statistics Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 and Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197.
First year of the data is 2023; the first data transmission for modes 1, 2 and 4 had taken place by the end of October 2024 and took place for mode 3 and totals in October 2025.
