Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Environment and Sustatinable Development Statistics Department
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu
Necatibey Caddesi No: 114 Devlet Mahallesi Çankaya / Ankara / Türkiye
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
30 September 2022
2.2. Metadata last posted
15 December 2023
2.3. Metadata last update
28 September 2023
3.1. Data description
The environmental goods and services sector (EGSS) accounts report on an economic sector that generates goods and services produced for environmental protection or the management of natural resources.
Products for environmental protection prevent, reduce and eliminate pollution or any other degradation of the environment. Examples are electric vehicles, catalysts and filters to decrease pollutant emissions, wastewater and waste treatment services, noise insulation works or restoration of degraded habitats.
Products for resource management safeguard the stock of natural resources against depletion. Examples are renewable energy production, energy-efficient and passive buildings, seawater desalinization or rainwater recovery, and materials recovery.
EGSS accounts provide data on output and export of environmental goods and services and on the value added of and employment in the environmental goods and services sector.
EGSS data are compiled following the statistical concepts and definitions set out in the UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Central Framework.
3.2. Classification system
Data are reported cross-classified by 1) the type of environmental protection or resource management activity and 2) economic activity. Environmental protection activities are classified by environmental domain as set out in the Classification of Environmental Protection Activities - CEPA. Resource management activities are classified as set out in the Classification of Resource Management Activities - CReMA. see the revised CEPA and CReMA explanatory notes for detail. Economic activity is classified according to the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community, Rev. 2 (2008).
3.3. Coverage - sector
EGSS comprises a sector of the economy that produces goods and services aimed at environmental protection and resource management (see SEEA CF 2012 chapter 4). Environmental goods and services either reduce environmental pressures or help maintaining the stock of natural resources or they are designed to be cleaner and more resource efficient than conventional products. Environmental goods and services can be produced by corporations, households, governments and non-profit institutions. The list of environmental activities and products has been set out in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/2174 ('the indicative compendium of environmental goods and services').
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
EGSS has the same system boundaries as the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010) and consists of all environmental products within this production boundary. ESA defines production as the activity carried out under the control and responsibility of an institutional unit that uses input of labour, capital, goods and services to produce output of goods and services.
Only goods and services produced for environmental purposes are included in the scope of the environmental goods and services sector.
'Environmental purpose' means that a good or service helps either 1) preventing, reducing and eliminating pollution and any other degradation of the environment or 2) preserving and maintaining the stock of natural resources and hence safeguarding against depletion.
The EGSS statistics aim at compiling data for the following economic variables:
Output: consists of products that become available for use outside of the producer unit, any goods and services produced for own final use and goods that remain in the inventories at the end of the period in which they are produced. Apart from market output, output for own final use and non-market output, EGSS statistics also include ancillary output, comprising output intended for use within an enterprise.
Market output is to be valued at basic prices, that is, the prices receivable by the producer from the purchaser minus taxes and plus subsidies on products. Output for own final use is to be valued at basic prices of similar products sold on the market or by the total costs of production. Non-market output is to be estimated by the total costs of production. Ancillary output is measured as a total of recurrent production costs (such as intermediate consumption, compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital) incurred by enterprises to: 1) reduce environmental pressures arising from their production process or 2) produce environmental goods or services not intended for use outside the enterprise, but instead supporting other (non-environmental) activities undertaken within the enterprise (e.g. waste management services carried out in-house). For market producers, a mark-up for net operating surplus is added to the value of the EGSS ancillary output. Gross Value Added: represents the contribution made by the production of environmental goods and services to GDP. It is the difference between the value of the output and intermediate consumption.
Employment: is measured in full-time equivalent jobs engaged in the production of output of environmental goods and services. Full-time equivalent is defined as total hours worked divided by the average annual working hours in a full-time job.
Exports: consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants, of environmental goods and services from residents to non-residents.
3.5. Statistical unit
Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community describes the different statistical units of the production system.
The recommended statistical unit for the collection and compilation of EGSS statistics (excluding general government) is the establishment. For general government, the recommendation is to use institutional units and groupings of units as defined in the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010).
3.6. Statistical population
The statistical population is the national economy as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). It includes all economic activities undertaken by resident units.
3.7. Reference area
Turkey. Producer of Environmental Goods and Servives by all sectors of the economy: economic activities by NACE, general government and households.
3.8. Coverage - Time
2020-2022
3.9. Base period
Not requested for this metadata collection.
Output, gross value added, and exports are measured in million units of national currency. Employment is measured in full time equivalents (i.e., full time equivalent jobs).
The reference period for EGSS data is the calendar year.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
EGSS accounts are compiled and reported in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts (EEEA).
The EEEA follow internationally agreed concepts and definitions set out in the SEEA Central Framework (2012), the international statistical standard adopted by the UN Statistical Commission. They present data in a way that is compatible with National Accounts (ESA, 2010).
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
The 2022-2026 official statistics program is stated as the statistics planned to be published under the heading of 9.5 environmental economic accounts.
We have a regulation on confidentiality named "Regulation on Procedure and Principles of Data Confidentiality and Confidential Data Security in Official Statistics". According to this regulation, data in cell are defined as confidential if
i) the number of statistical units is less than three,
ii) if the number of statistical units is three or more, the information of any one unit constitutes more than eighty percent of the total information of that one cell or the information of any two units constitutes more than ninety percent of the total information of that cell. Moreover, if there is possibility to recognize confidential data, secondary confidentiality is applied whenever needed.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Data in cell are defined as confidential if
i) the number of statistical units is less than three,
ii) if the number of statistical units is three or more, the information of any one unit constitutes more than eighty percent of the total information of that one cell or the information of any two units constitutes more than ninety percent of the total information of that cell. Moreover, if there is possibility to recognize confidential data, secondary confidentiality is applied whenever needed.
8.1. Release calendar
Statistical Table will be published in TurkStat's web page. Theri is no any schedule for this release.
8.2. Release calendar access
Theri is no schedule for this release.
8.3. Release policy - user access
There is no publication yet.
It is planned to publish annually.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
There is no dissemination for EGSS. Statistical Table will be published in TurkStat's web page.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
There is no dissemination for EGSS. Statistical Table will be published in TurkStat's web page.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
There is no dissemination for EGSS. Statistical Table will be published in TurkStat's web page.
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations
Not requested for this metadata collection.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
No dissemination of EGSS data.
10.5. Dissemination format - other
There is no dissemination for EGSS. Statistical Table will be published in TurkStat's web page.
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations
Not requested for this metadata collection.
10.6. Documentation on methodology
There is no methodological decumentation for EGSS.
10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
10.7. Quality management - documentation
There is no quality management documentations yet.
11.1. Quality assurance
To ensure quality of the data, the validated PRODCOM, SBS and EPEA data is used mainly. In addition, estimates are made in line with the EGSS guideline.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
There is no national quality documentation yet.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
No documents are used
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
No dissemination of EGSS data, thus no use of EGSS data by public.
12.3. Completeness
Within 2018 data submission, we have made a methological change in the estimation of EGSS variables and it is more compatible with NA data. EGSS now includes data for almost all NACE category at CEPA. Ancillary output are provided from EPEA. Before only totals were reported but by 2018 data submission, tha data is broken down by market/non-market or products/services categories. R&D data (CEPA 8) is reported under NACE M72 whereas it was reported under NACE O. The previous data submissions were based on environmental expenditure survey results and SBS whereas the 2018 year submission is based on mostly NA data. What is improved in 2019 data submission is the inclusion of new activities and new EGSS products which are the ones environmental share of which were unknown, thus they couldnt be included in the calculations. Also in 2018 data submission, data for general government (GG) and NPISH from EPEA table 1 were reported under NACE O, but this year only GG data is reported at NACE O and NPISH data is reported seperately at NACE S. The last is the revision of renewable energy data (NACE D- CReMA 13A) by using a ratio of (SBS output of NACE 35/NA output of NACE 35) since we are estimating this data by using SBS data due to data unavailability from NA at NACE 3511 level and by doing this revision, the data for renewable energy is more compatible with NA data.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
As the environmental expenditure survey data is highly validated, we are sure on the quality of data reported. Also we mainly use NA data and ratios which are high quality, we believe that high level of accuracy is ensured. One point is that EGSS data may be improved based on progress on SBS or a shift from SBS data usage to NA data usage for some calculations (especially for employment) in the next period.
13.2. Sampling error
EGSS accounts are compiled using a range of primary statistical sources. The sampling and non-sampling errors are described in the metadata of the underlying statistical data.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3. Non-sampling error
EGSS accounts are compiled using a range of primary statistical sources. The sampling and non-sampling errors are described in the metadata of the underlying statistical data.
13.3.1. Coverage error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.2. Measurement error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.3. Non response error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.4. Processing error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
13.3.5. Model assumption error
Not requested for this metadata collection.
14.1. Timeliness
t+22
14.1.1. Time lag - first result
t+2 years
14.1.2. Time lag - final result
No dissemination of EGSS data yet.
14.2. Punctuality
The data were delivered to Eurostat on (31 October). The reporting deadline for EGSS to Eurostat is 31 October.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication
No dissemination of EGSS data.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
The compiled EGSS data covers all of Türkiye.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient
15.1.3. Comparability - geographical - products not present in Indicative compendium - included
We have included some products like glass balcony (balcony covered by glass windows to save heat in the house and it is more common in Turkey) that is specific to Turkey and estimated its production value.
15.2. Comparability - over time
2020-2022 data cover all new data improvements, for the period 2014-2018, we are planning to revise the figures in line with included new activities and new EGSS products (improvements )
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series
Since it is included new activities and new EGSS products within the improvement works this year, this improvement lead to an important break in time series by 20% to 44% in terms of output for the period 2014-2016. It has also calculated data for 2013 and now we have a new data serie for 2013-2017 period which differs from the last data submissions due to improvements.
15.2.2. Comparability - over time detailed
Restricted from publication
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
We directly use some EPEA data from EPEA Table 1 and Table 2 especially for NACE E37, E38, E39 and NACE O, NACE S under CEPA category. Therefore these two data are compatible. Also ancillary output data is also same with EPEA ancillary output at CEPA category.
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics
We directly use some EPEA data from EPEA Table 1 and Table 2 especially for NACE E37, E38, E39 and NACE O, NACE S under CEPA category. Therefore these two data are compatible. Also ancillary output data is also same with EPEA ancillary output at CEPA category.
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts
We use directly some data from SUT, BoP and NA therefore we dont need to implement any procedure on this issue.
We directly use some EPEA data from EPEA Table 1 and Table 2 especially for NACE E37, E38, E39 and NACE O, NACE S under CEPA category. Therefore these two data are compatible. Also ancillary output data is also same with EPEA ancillary output at CEPA category.
15.3.4. Coherence - other statistics
The EGGS questionnaire had compiled in line with Eurostat's EGSS handbook.
15.4. Coherence - internal
Generally same data source (NA) is used in estimation of EGSS variables. Also EGSS output is used as an input to estimate GVA and Employment. Checking the internal consistency procedure are mainly totals by CEPA, CReMA, NACE and breakdowns.
60 FTE for 2021
16.1. Cost and Burden - other accounts
60 FTE
17.1. Data revision - policy
Data can be revised with respect to revision on National Accounts, Prodcom and SBS.
17.2. Data revision - practice
If any new EGSS output find, the figure will be added the collections.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size
In 2019 submission, almost all the data (except ancillary output) is revised for 2014, 2015 and 2016 due to the inclusion of new activities and products and a revision in NA data which is reflected also in EPEA data. In the previous submission, forest management, emission measurement activity, heat and energy saving for buildings, organic livestock and inclusion of EGSS products-environmental share of which should be identified- were not covered but we have included these activities and products and produced a time series data from 2013 to 2017. Also export for the newly included EGSS products are estimated after a deatiled examination of FTS and this has made a considerable contribution to the export data. The data for Output has increased by 20%, GVA by 15%, Employment by 16% and Export by 36% on average in the 2014-2016 period due to the revisions mentioned above. In 2020 submission, we have added green building data for output, gva data.
17.2.2. Status of data
If any new EGSS output find, the figure will be added the collections.
18.1. Source data
To compile EGSS, we had been using PRODCOM database, Foreign Trade Statistics, SBS database, EPEA survey micro data.
18.1.1. Source data - detailed - environmental accounts
Environmental Employment, Revenue and Expenditure Statistics data are being used for ancillary output in EGSS.
18.1.2. Source data - detailed - other statistics
For estimation of output of NACE E36 under CReMA 10, CPA E36 data at Supply and Use Table (SUT) from NA, Structural Business Statsitics (SBS) and COFOG data is used.
For estimation of output of NACE E38 at CReMA 14, Supply and Use Table data for NACE E37-39 from NA and a ratio from SBS is used (material recovery).
For estimation of output and GVA of NACE A at CEPA 4, total crop production data from NA and a ratio from agriculture statistics is used (organic farming).
For estimation of GVA, we use GVA/Output ratio by NACE from NA.
18.1.3. Source data - survey
No specific survey for EGSS.
18.1.4. Source data - detailed - other macro economic data (trade, VAT etc.)
For estimation of output of organic farming (at NACE A under CEPA 4), the share of organic farming area in total arable land and land under permanent crops is used as a ratio in the context of agriculture statistics. In addition to this, organic livestock statistics and organic product prices which is estimated by internet search are used for output of organic livestock. * For market output of NACE M at CEPA 1 (output for emission measurement activity for vehicles), transport statistics and data for emission measurements at Environment Ministry is used. * For market output of NACE F at CReMA 13B (output for heat and energy saving in buildings), construction statistics and a share for the cost of heat and energy saving in the total cost of new buildings are used. * For non-market output of NACE O at CReMA 11 (output for forest management), forestry statistics is used. * PRODCOM statistics are used for identification of EGSS products and their ouput, thus export of these EGSS products . * Foreign Trade Statistics are used for estimation of export od EGSS products.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Annually
18.3. Data collection
to compile EGSS, we had been using PRODCOM database, Foreign Trade Statistics, SBS database, EPEA survey micro data every year.
18.4. Data validation
We compare the data with
other sources, administrative sources etc.
EPEA results and ratios with EU countries' ratios at Eurostat databases.
we checked the internal consistency of tables by totals and data availability.
18.5. Data compilation
It is compiled from various sources like NA, SBS, Prodcom, EPEA, Agriculture statistics, Energy statistics, Construction Statistics, Forestry Statistics, Transport Statistics and Environmental Employment, Revenue and Expenditure Statistics of Business Sector survey.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate
Not requested for this metadata collection.
18.5.2. Data compilation - by variable and type of output
It is compiled from various sources like NA, SBS, Prodcom, EPEA, Agriculture statistics, Energy statistics, Construction Statistics, Forestry Statistics, Transport Statistics and Environmental Employment, Revenue and Expenditure Statistics of Business Sector survey.
EGSS list is used and all the products are in PRODCOM are investigated and categorized whether they are in the scope of EGSS or not. While doing this, we have used mainly PRODCOM categories and product definitions in PRODCOM and by checking the definitions we have decided to include, exclude or partially include a product into the scope of EGSS. We didnt ask enterprises for the environmental shares of products since we have a detailed product definitions and production values from PRODCOM Statistics. Activities : Ancillary activities, Organic farming, Organic livestock, Renewable energy, Management of waters, Wastewater management, Waste management, Remediation activities and other waste management services, Material recovery, Heat and Energy Saving activities, Emission measurement for vehicles, Forest management, Activities of General Government (NACE O) and activities of NPISH (NACE S) are covered. The scope are determined due to EGSS list of Eurostat and some specific activities for Turkey. We are trying to include the ones which can be estimated easily due to data availability when compared to other activities.
Ancillary EP output is estimated as "simplified valuation legally acceptable", not as in "ESA - compatible valuation" form. No adjustment are able to made for compliance. But market and non-market outputs especially at CEPA is compatible with ESA definition. We were obliged to use SBS output for output estimation of electiricty production from renewable energy sources regarding data unavailability from NA in the last data submission. But this year, we are able to adjust this data with NA data by using a share.
EGSS products are all recorded under market output as the producers are operating in private sector and selling their products at a reasonable price with profit. Cofog data, administrative records and forestry statistics are being used to compile nonmarket output.
18.5.3. Data compilation - by NACE
18.5.4. Data compilation – CReMA 13B memo item
we used only certified green buildings data to estimate.
18.6. Adjustment
no seasonal adjustments for EGSS.
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment
Not requested for this metadata collection.
No further comments.
The environmental goods and services sector (EGSS) accounts report on an economic sector that generates goods and services produced for environmental protection or the management of natural resources.
Products for environmental protection prevent, reduce and eliminate pollution or any other degradation of the environment. Examples are electric vehicles, catalysts and filters to decrease pollutant emissions, wastewater and waste treatment services, noise insulation works or restoration of degraded habitats.
Products for resource management safeguard the stock of natural resources against depletion. Examples are renewable energy production, energy-efficient and passive buildings, seawater desalinization or rainwater recovery, and materials recovery.
EGSS accounts provide data on output and export of environmental goods and services and on the value added of and employment in the environmental goods and services sector.
EGSS data are compiled following the statistical concepts and definitions set out in the UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Central Framework.
28 September 2023
EGSS has the same system boundaries as the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010) and consists of all environmental products within this production boundary. ESA defines production as the activity carried out under the control and responsibility of an institutional unit that uses input of labour, capital, goods and services to produce output of goods and services.
Only goods and services produced for environmental purposes are included in the scope of the environmental goods and services sector.
'Environmental purpose' means that a good or service helps either 1) preventing, reducing and eliminating pollution and any other degradation of the environment or 2) preserving and maintaining the stock of natural resources and hence safeguarding against depletion.
The EGSS statistics aim at compiling data for the following economic variables:
Output: consists of products that become available for use outside of the producer unit, any goods and services produced for own final use and goods that remain in the inventories at the end of the period in which they are produced. Apart from market output, output for own final use and non-market output, EGSS statistics also include ancillary output, comprising output intended for use within an enterprise.
Market output is to be valued at basic prices, that is, the prices receivable by the producer from the purchaser minus taxes and plus subsidies on products. Output for own final use is to be valued at basic prices of similar products sold on the market or by the total costs of production. Non-market output is to be estimated by the total costs of production. Ancillary output is measured as a total of recurrent production costs (such as intermediate consumption, compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital) incurred by enterprises to: 1) reduce environmental pressures arising from their production process or 2) produce environmental goods or services not intended for use outside the enterprise, but instead supporting other (non-environmental) activities undertaken within the enterprise (e.g. waste management services carried out in-house). For market producers, a mark-up for net operating surplus is added to the value of the EGSS ancillary output. Gross Value Added: represents the contribution made by the production of environmental goods and services to GDP. It is the difference between the value of the output and intermediate consumption.
Employment: is measured in full-time equivalent jobs engaged in the production of output of environmental goods and services. Full-time equivalent is defined as total hours worked divided by the average annual working hours in a full-time job.
Exports: consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants, of environmental goods and services from residents to non-residents.
Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community describes the different statistical units of the production system.
The recommended statistical unit for the collection and compilation of EGSS statistics (excluding general government) is the establishment. For general government, the recommendation is to use institutional units and groupings of units as defined in the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010).
The statistical population is the national economy as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). It includes all economic activities undertaken by resident units.
Turkey. Producer of Environmental Goods and Servives by all sectors of the economy: economic activities by NACE, general government and households.
The reference period for EGSS data is the calendar year.
As the environmental expenditure survey data is highly validated, we are sure on the quality of data reported. Also we mainly use NA data and ratios which are high quality, we believe that high level of accuracy is ensured. One point is that EGSS data may be improved based on progress on SBS or a shift from SBS data usage to NA data usage for some calculations (especially for employment) in the next period.
Output, gross value added, and exports are measured in million units of national currency. Employment is measured in full time equivalents (i.e., full time equivalent jobs).
It is compiled from various sources like NA, SBS, Prodcom, EPEA, Agriculture statistics, Energy statistics, Construction Statistics, Forestry Statistics, Transport Statistics and Environmental Employment, Revenue and Expenditure Statistics of Business Sector survey.
To compile EGSS, we had been using PRODCOM database, Foreign Trade Statistics, SBS database, EPEA survey micro data.
It is planned to publish annually.
t+22
The compiled EGSS data covers all of Türkiye.
2020-2022 data cover all new data improvements, for the period 2014-2018, we are planning to revise the figures in line with included new activities and new EGSS products (improvements )
