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National reference metadata

Spain

Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.

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Usually resident population on 1 January (demo_urespop)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: National Statistics Institute of Spain

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Total usually resident population for the purposes of qualified majority voting in the Council.

2 August 2024

Usually resident population’ : All persons having their usual residence in a Member State at the reference time, understanding ‘usual residence’ as the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences (for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage).

The following persons alone shall be considered to be usual residents of a specific geographical area:

  1. those who have lived in their place of usual residence for a continuous period of at least 12 months before the reference time; or
  2. those who arrived in their place of usual residence during the 12 months before the reference time with the intention of staying there for at least one year.

Our Population Register, Padrón, includes all people who are considered to be usually resident in Spain, since everyone who is usually resident has the right to be registered (even those without a legal residence permit or hard to reach groups of population), but they are not obliged to be, nor are they automatically registered, except in some cases. However, there are many advantages to registering, because it gives certain rights and is even obligatory to be able to exercise some rights, such as health, education, etc., so the whole population tends to be registered. People who register do so when they consider that they usually reside in Spain, since the Spanish law establishes that "everybody who resides in Spain is obliged to register in the Municipal Register in which they habitually reside. Anyone who lives in several municipalities has to be registered only in the place where he/she spends more time during the year".

In this sense, the population register meets the definition of usual residence because, for those who have registered in the last 12 months, they have done so because they consider that this is and will be their usual residence.

But our population is not obtained by simply counting the population that is in the register: the population register is the skeleton for our population estimation, on which a statistical treatment is carried out to better adjust it, mainly based on the life-signs method. The process is as follows (new from 2023 with the implementation of annual censuses):

  • A census is obtained, based on the population register, and apply a statistical treatment mainly based on the life-signs method for a better adjustment.
  • For dates after the last available census (as is the case of the URESPOP population), the starting point is the last census, and we apply the evolution observed in the population register to each population group. 

Therefore, we do not use the "default definition" (place of legal or registered residence), but the definition of usual residence.

Person.

Everybody who has its usual residence in Spain.

Data are available at national level, with geographical detail down to NUTS3.

The reference date for population data is the end of the reference period (midnight of 31 December).

There is no a quantitative evaluation of the accuracy of the estimates.

Population is compiled in the Continuous Population Statistics, based on the information provided by the administrative data of the Municipal Register and by other statistics already compiled, such as the population censuses and the statistics relating to births and deaths, and therefore, the accuracy of its results depends on the accuracy of the information sources used.

Person.

The population register is the skeleton for our population estimation, on which a statistical treatment is carried out to better adjust it, mainly based on the life-signs method. The process is as follows (new from 2023 with the implementation of annual censuses):

  • We obtain a census (at the end of each year), based on the population register. It is obtained through a statistical treatment mainly based on the life-signs method for a better adjustment. We also use Vital Statistics (births and deaths) to better adjust the population register.
  • For dates after the last available census (as is the case of the URESPOP population), the starting point is the last census, and we apply the evolution observed in the population register to each population group. 

Therefore, our estimation of the populations comes from data already compiled in the Census, Vital Events and Population Register production.

Population Continuous Statistics are obtained from the Population Register, the population Censuses and from Vita Statistics (Birth and Death).

Population data are disseminated quarterly (provisional results) and yearly (final results).

Population is published quarterly, first provisionally, at the latest 45 days after de reference date, until the data are final, which occurs when a new census is published, at the end of the year. The full set of provisional data will be updated every quarter, until they are final.

Demographic data keep total inter-territorial and demographic consistency at all breakdown levels considered.

The population figures included in the Population Continuous Statistics form the resident population series in Spain since 1971. From 2021 onwards, data are published for each year as of 1 January, 1 April, 1 July and 1 October. Data until 1 January 2021 are published for two reference dates a year (1 January and 1 July).