Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Data and metadata are transmitted to Eurostat by the Member States in the framework of the Population Statistics Data Collection which is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 and Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 and their implementing regulations.
The regional breakdown of the Member States in the regional demographic tables is done under the most recent NUTS classification. There are agreements between Eurostat and Candidate countries as well as between Eurostat and EFTA countries, for which statistical regions have been coded in a way that resembles NUTS.
For more information on the versions in force, please see: Eurostat NUTS.
3.3. Coverage - sector
Not available.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics transmitted to Eurostat
1.Usually Resident Population
2. Legal Residence Population
3. Registered Residence Population
4. Other
Population
X
Live births
X
Deaths
X
Immigrants
X
Emigrants
X
Acquisitions of citizenship
X
Loss of citizenship
X
Legally induced abortions
Not applicable.
Late foetal deaths
X
Infant deaths
X
Marriages
X
Divorces
X
The statistics refers to the registered population. Which is the population, that according to national legislation on population registration, is registered at the Swedish Tax Agency. Persons from Ukraine who are granted temporary protection are since June 2024 able to register. In the statistics for 2023 they are not included.
3.4.2 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics disseminated in the National Statistical Institute's website
Population
The population consists of all registered persons in Sweden. Newborn children to registered parents are registered.
Live births
The complete expulsion or extraction from the mother of a baby, irrespective of the duration of the pregnancy, which, after such separation, breathes or shows any other evidence of life, such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definite movement of the voluntary muscles, whether or not the umbilical cord has been cut or the placenta is attached. Each product of such a birth is considered live born.
Deaths
The permanent disappearance of all evidence of life at any time after live birth has taken place (postnatal cessation of vital functions without capability of resuscitation). This definition therefore excludes foetal deaths.
Immigrants
To be registered as an immigrant the person shall intend and have the right to stay in Sweden for at least 12 months.
Emigrants
To be registered as an emigrant the person shall intend to stay aboad for at least 12 months.
Acquisitions of citizenship
Acquisitions of Swedish citizenship reportedin the current period. Citizenshipshouldin principleconcernnowexisting independent statehood. If a person hasmore than one nationality a priority is made. A Swedish citizenship is prioritized.
Loss of citizenship
Loss of Swedish citizenship reportedin the current period. Citizenshipshouldin principleconcernnowexisting independent statehood.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
A childis counted asstillborn if the mother wasat least in theend ofpregnancyweek22.
Infant deaths
Infant deaths refers todeaths occurringbefore theage of one year.
Marriages
Marriages reportedin the current period. At least one ofthe spouses must beregistered in Swedenat event tobe included in the statistics.
Divorces
Divorces reportedin the current period. At least one ofthe spouses must beregistered in Swedenat event tobe included in the statistics.
3.4.3 Differences in statistical concepts and definitions between the statistics transmitted to Eurostat and those disseminated in the National Statistics Institute's website
Population
No differences.
Live births
No differences.
Deaths
No differences.
Immigrants
No differences.
Emigrants
No differences.
Acquisitions of citizenship
No differences.
Loss of citizenship
Not available.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
No differences.
Infant deaths
No differences.
Marriages
No differences.
Divorces
No differences.
3.5. Statistical unit
Number of persons.
3.6. Statistical population
Statistical population
Population
Not available.
Live births
Not available.
Deaths
Not available.
Immigrants
Not available.
Emigrants
Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship
Not available.
Loss of citizenship
Not available.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
Not available.
Infant deaths
Not available.
Marriages
Not available.
Divorces
Not available.
3.7. Reference area
Population, live births and deaths data are available at national and regional level of geographical detail.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Most data are available and computerized from 1968 or 1969.
3.9. Base period
Not applicable.
Data is collected at unit (person) level.
The reference date for population data is the end of the reference period (midnight of 31 December). The reference period for vital and dual events data is the calendar year in which the events occurred. The reference period for migration flow data is the calendar year in which the migration occurred.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
Statistics Sweden's operations are governed by its directive, laws and ordinances, as well as the annual appropriation directions.
Statistics Sweden's directive
The directive is an ordinance that contains regulations on the framework and operations management.
Ordinance with the directive for Statistics Sweden (2016:822).
Laws and ordinances
In addition to the directive, several other laws and ordinances govern Statistics Sweden’s operations.
Official Statistics Act (2001:99).
Official Statistics Ordinance (2001:100).
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
Ordinance concerning Government Authorities' Collection of Data from Businesses Operators an.d Local Authorities (1982:668).
For confidentiality regarding the authority's specific task for the production of statistics, Chapter 24 Section 8 of the Public Access to Information and Secrecy Act (2009:400) applies. Within the area of statistics, there are also specific rules on the handling of personal data in the Official Statistics Act (2001:99), the Official Statistics Ordinance (2001:100) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Not available.
8.1. Release calendar
Annual statistics on demography and vital events are published in February and March every year.
Statistics refering to the year 2023 was published on 22 February 2024 and 22 March 2024. Statistics refering to the year 2024 will be published on 21 February 2025 and 21 March 2025.
A new-born child will have Sweden as Country of birth, if the mother is registered resident in Sweden, or if the mother is not a registered resident but the father is a registered resident and registered as legal guardian of the child. This is independently of if the birth took place in Sweden or not. Until 1947, all persons born abroad were counted as foreign born. For immigrants, the information on Country of birth and Country of birth of the mother is retrieved from available documents from the relevant authorities.
See below.
Country of birth of the mother
Until 1947, all persons born abroad were counted as foreign born. For immigrants, the information on Country of birth and Country of birth of the mother is retrieved from available documents from the relevant authorities.
See below.
Country of previous usual residence
See below.
Country of next usual residence
See below.
Deaths
See below.
Divorce
See below.
Emigrants
See below.
First-time marrying person
See below.
First-time registering partner
See below.
Foetal death
See below.
Foreign-born
See below.
Immigrants
See below.
Infant death
See below.
Late foetal death
See below.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Level of development
Not available.
Live birth
See below.
Live birth order
See below.
Marriage
See below.
Native born
See below.
Person contracting legal union for first-time
See below.
Regional
See below.
Registered partnership
See below.
Registered partnership legally dissolved
See below.
Separation
See below.
The majority of statistics on demography and vital events are based on data from the Total Population Register. See attached document for a quality description of the Total Population Register. Latest English version refers to reference year 2016.
11.2.1. Quality assessment: Type of duration of stay used when counting a person as a migrant according to Art. 2(b) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
1. Actual duration of stay of at least 12 months
2. Intended duration of stay of at least 12 months
3. Actual and intended duration of stay of at least 12 months
4. Other. Please specify
Nationals
Immigrants
X
Emigrants
X
EEA citizens
Immigrants
X
Emigrants
X
Non EEA citizens
Immigrants
X
Emigrants
X
The statistics refers to the registered population. Which is the population, that according to national legislation on population registration, is registered at the Swedish Tax Agency. Persons from Ukraine who are granted temporary protection are since June 2024 able to register. Only immigrants that are allowed to register can be classified as immigrants.
11.2.2. Quality assessment of the definition of acquisitions of citizenship according to Art. 3(d) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
1. Acquisitions of citizenship granted to persons having their usual residence in the territory of the Member State
2.Other. Please specify
Acquisitions of citizenship
X
Persons emigrating to Norway or Denmark have a threshold of 6 months. In all other cases the 12 months criteria is applied.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
Not available.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
Not available.
12.3. Completeness
Not available.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
Overall accuracy and special cases (Inclusion/exclusion of asylum seekers and refugees, persons living on unauthorised or irregular basis, international students, persons who do not register/deregister,...)
Population
See below.
Live births
See below.
Deaths
See below.
Immigrants
See below.
Emigrants
See below.
Acquisitions of citizenship
See below.
Loss of citizenship
See below.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
See below.
Infant deaths
See below.
Marriages
See below.
Divorces
See below.
Population statistics The statistics refers to the registered population. Which is the population, that according to national legislation on population registration, is registered at the Swedish Tax Agency.
The majority of statistics on demography and vital events are based on data from the Total Population Register. The register includes all registered persons in Sweden. The registration is based on twelve months criteria, i.e. a person who has the right to stay in the country for at least twelve months shall register. There are strong incentives to register. All the above categories refers to statistics for registered persons.
Please note that persons from Ukraine who are granted temporary protection are not registered in the national population register and therefore not included in the statistics. From June 2024 these persons are able to register and will be included in the statistics concerning 2024.
Asylum seekers are not registered and not included in the statistics. Persons who are granted a refugee permit are included. The registered population includes persons who are homeless, persons with disabilty etc. The registered population do not include persons who are illegaly in the country.
Separate statistics on asylum seekers and persons under the Temporary Protection Directive Statistics are available at scb.se Population statistics, and as attached file.
Asylum seekers refers to individuals who sought asylum in Sweden during the reference period and have been registered in the Swedish Migration Agency's central aliens database. Individuals who have had a temporary residence permit at any time in the last four years, individuals applying for an extension of their asylum case and individuals seeking asylum at a Swedish embassy in another country are not included in the statistics on asylum seekers. In response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the EU's Temporary Protection Directive was activated on March 4, 2022. Persons with a Swedish residence permit with protection under the EU's Temporary Protection Directive which expired on March 4, 2023 have had to apply for an extended residence permit to stay in Sweden. Extended residence permits are not included in these statistics. Persons who have not applied for an extended residence permit (by March 4, 2023 at the latest) but still want to stay in Sweden must apply again for protection under the Temporary Protection Directive. New applications are covered by these statistics and therefore these persons are included in the statistics with more than one application.
Information on the number of asylum seekers is available at Statistics Sweden from 2002 and onwards. Earlier statistics are available on the Swedish Migration Agency's website. Further detailed statistics on asylum seekers and unaccompanied minors are available in Statistics Sweden's statistical database. The Swedish Migration Agency's website also contains further statistics on asylum seekers and applicants under the Temporary Protection Directive.
Category unknown The statistics are fully register-based. Category Unknown is used when no information on the above topics are available in the registers.
According to Article 4 (2) of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 205/2014, each year Member States shall provide the Commission (Eurostat) with data at national and regional level as described in Annex II and related standard reference metadata ( In the metadata structure definition defined for the Euro SDMX Metadata Structure) for the reference year within 12 months of the end of the reference year. According to Article 3 (2) of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, Statistics on international migration, usually resident population and acquisition of citizenship shall be supplied to the Commission (Eurostat) within 12 months of the end of the reference year.
14.2. Punctuality
Not available.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
The Swedish data are fully based on registers. This can impair the comparability of data based on other sources, for example surveys.
The Swedish statistics on demography and vital events are fully comparable between different geographical areas in Sweden.
15.2. Comparability - over time
Comparability - over time
Population
See below.
Live births
See below.
Deaths
See below.
Immigrants
See below.
Emigrants
See below.
Acquisitions of citizenship
See below.
Loss of citizenship
See below.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
See below.
Infant deaths
See below.
Marriages
See below.
Divorces
See below.
Surface in km2
Not available.
The majority of data are available and computerized from 1968 or 1969. The comparability over time is good.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
The statistics on demography and vital events are coherent with other statistics based on the same source; the Total Population Register.
In comparisons between International Migration Statistics (IM) and Residence Permits Statistics (RP) flow statistics please note that:
IM figure refers to immigrants who are allowed to stay in Sweden and has the intention of staying at least 12 months. These persons are registered.
RP figure refers to residence permits given to persons with citizenship of “non-EU countries”, “Stateless” or “Unknown”.
RP figure refers to residence permits longer than 3 months. IM figure refers to immigrants who has the intention to stay at least 12 months in Sweden.
RP figure refers to number of residence permits, not number of persons. A person may have been granted more than one residence permit.
RP figure include granted residence permits given to persons who never immigrate to Sweden.
RP figure only refers to “first permits”, defined according to Eurostat guidelines.
RP figure also include residence permits that for some reason is withdrawn after being granted.
In compairisons between International Migration Statistics (IM) and Residence Permits Statistics (RP) stock statistics please note that:
IM figure refers to persons who has their usual residence in Sweden.
RP figure does not include immigrants that has been granted with a Swedish citizenship.
RP figures includes residence permits given to persons who need to apply for a residence permit. A person with for example Swedish, Nordic or EU citizenship do not need to apply for a residence permit and is not included.
RP figure refers to residence permits longer than 3 months. Compared to IM figure with 12 months criteria.
RP figure refers to “all” residence permits and not only “first permits”.
RP figures also include granted residence permits given to persons that never immigrate to Sweden.
RP figure refers to number of residence permits, not number of persons. A person may have been granted more than one residence permit.
RP figure also include residence permits that for some reason is withdrawn after being granted.
15.4. Coherence - internal
The Total Population Register is the source for the majority of the variables and the variables are to a large extent coherent.
Not available.
17.1. Data revision - policy
In general a figure will be revised if an error is detected.
17.2. Data revision - practice
No revisions are scheduled.
18.1. Source data
List of data sources
Population
The Total Population Register.
Live births
The Total Population Register.
Deaths
The Total Population Register.
Immigrants
The Total Population Register.
Emigrants
The Total Population Register.
Acquisitions of citizenship
The Total Population Register.
Loss of citizenship
The Total Population Register.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
The Total Population Register.
Infant deaths
The Total Population Register.
Marriages
The Total Population Register.
Divorces
The Total Population Register.
Surface in km2
Not available.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Statistics Sweden receives notifications from the Tax Agency continuously. Monthly population registers, on stocks and events, are stored.
18.3. Data collection
The Total Population Register is the source of the data and the Tax Agency are the authority responsible for the administrative register. Almost all public services utilize the administrative register and there is an incentive for individuals to keep the information updated in order to get information, social benefits, and other types of public services. The administrative register is updated based on information from authorities, healthcare professionals, individual persons, etc.
18.4. Data validation
The validation of the statistical register includes controls as valid values and logical controls.
The administrative register is also validated at the Tax Agency.
18.5. Data compilation
The population in the register received from the Tax Agency is considered to be the target population. Some coding is made for variables as sex and age. Which is made by using the personal identification number (PIN) of each person.
18.6. Adjustment
The statistical adjustment refers to vital events that happened during previous years. The events were not registered in time to be included in the annual population figure for the previous year. However, no previous annual figures are adjusted.
Not available.
Data and metadata are transmitted to Eurostat by the Member States in the framework of the Population Statistics Data Collection which is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 and Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 and their implementing regulations.
3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics transmitted to Eurostat
1.Usually Resident Population
2. Legal Residence Population
3. Registered Residence Population
4. Other
Population
X
Live births
X
Deaths
X
Immigrants
X
Emigrants
X
Acquisitions of citizenship
X
Loss of citizenship
X
Legally induced abortions
Not applicable.
Late foetal deaths
X
Infant deaths
X
Marriages
X
Divorces
X
The statistics refers to the registered population. Which is the population, that according to national legislation on population registration, is registered at the Swedish Tax Agency. Persons from Ukraine who are granted temporary protection are since June 2024 able to register. In the statistics for 2023 they are not included.
3.4.2 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics disseminated in the National Statistical Institute's website
Population
The population consists of all registered persons in Sweden. Newborn children to registered parents are registered.
Live births
The complete expulsion or extraction from the mother of a baby, irrespective of the duration of the pregnancy, which, after such separation, breathes or shows any other evidence of life, such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definite movement of the voluntary muscles, whether or not the umbilical cord has been cut or the placenta is attached. Each product of such a birth is considered live born.
Deaths
The permanent disappearance of all evidence of life at any time after live birth has taken place (postnatal cessation of vital functions without capability of resuscitation). This definition therefore excludes foetal deaths.
Immigrants
To be registered as an immigrant the person shall intend and have the right to stay in Sweden for at least 12 months.
Emigrants
To be registered as an emigrant the person shall intend to stay aboad for at least 12 months.
Acquisitions of citizenship
Acquisitions of Swedish citizenship reportedin the current period. Citizenshipshouldin principleconcernnowexisting independent statehood. If a person hasmore than one nationality a priority is made. A Swedish citizenship is prioritized.
Loss of citizenship
Loss of Swedish citizenship reportedin the current period. Citizenshipshouldin principleconcernnowexisting independent statehood.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
A childis counted asstillborn if the mother wasat least in theend ofpregnancyweek22.
Infant deaths
Infant deaths refers todeaths occurringbefore theage of one year.
Marriages
Marriages reportedin the current period. At least one ofthe spouses must beregistered in Swedenat event tobe included in the statistics.
Divorces
Divorces reportedin the current period. At least one ofthe spouses must beregistered in Swedenat event tobe included in the statistics.
3.4.3 Differences in statistical concepts and definitions between the statistics transmitted to Eurostat and those disseminated in the National Statistics Institute's website
Population
No differences.
Live births
No differences.
Deaths
No differences.
Immigrants
No differences.
Emigrants
No differences.
Acquisitions of citizenship
No differences.
Loss of citizenship
Not available.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
No differences.
Infant deaths
No differences.
Marriages
No differences.
Divorces
No differences.
Number of persons.
Statistical population
Population
Not available.
Live births
Not available.
Deaths
Not available.
Immigrants
Not available.
Emigrants
Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship
Not available.
Loss of citizenship
Not available.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
Not available.
Infant deaths
Not available.
Marriages
Not available.
Divorces
Not available.
Population, live births and deaths data are available at national and regional level of geographical detail.
The reference date for population data is the end of the reference period (midnight of 31 December). The reference period for vital and dual events data is the calendar year in which the events occurred. The reference period for migration flow data is the calendar year in which the migration occurred.
Overall accuracy and special cases (Inclusion/exclusion of asylum seekers and refugees, persons living on unauthorised or irregular basis, international students, persons who do not register/deregister,...)
Population
See below.
Live births
See below.
Deaths
See below.
Immigrants
See below.
Emigrants
See below.
Acquisitions of citizenship
See below.
Loss of citizenship
See below.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
See below.
Infant deaths
See below.
Marriages
See below.
Divorces
See below.
Population statistics The statistics refers to the registered population. Which is the population, that according to national legislation on population registration, is registered at the Swedish Tax Agency.
The majority of statistics on demography and vital events are based on data from the Total Population Register. The register includes all registered persons in Sweden. The registration is based on twelve months criteria, i.e. a person who has the right to stay in the country for at least twelve months shall register. There are strong incentives to register. All the above categories refers to statistics for registered persons.
Please note that persons from Ukraine who are granted temporary protection are not registered in the national population register and therefore not included in the statistics. From June 2024 these persons are able to register and will be included in the statistics concerning 2024.
Asylum seekers are not registered and not included in the statistics. Persons who are granted a refugee permit are included. The registered population includes persons who are homeless, persons with disabilty etc. The registered population do not include persons who are illegaly in the country.
Separate statistics on asylum seekers and persons under the Temporary Protection Directive Statistics are available at scb.se Population statistics, and as attached file.
Asylum seekers refers to individuals who sought asylum in Sweden during the reference period and have been registered in the Swedish Migration Agency's central aliens database. Individuals who have had a temporary residence permit at any time in the last four years, individuals applying for an extension of their asylum case and individuals seeking asylum at a Swedish embassy in another country are not included in the statistics on asylum seekers. In response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the EU's Temporary Protection Directive was activated on March 4, 2022. Persons with a Swedish residence permit with protection under the EU's Temporary Protection Directive which expired on March 4, 2023 have had to apply for an extended residence permit to stay in Sweden. Extended residence permits are not included in these statistics. Persons who have not applied for an extended residence permit (by March 4, 2023 at the latest) but still want to stay in Sweden must apply again for protection under the Temporary Protection Directive. New applications are covered by these statistics and therefore these persons are included in the statistics with more than one application.
Information on the number of asylum seekers is available at Statistics Sweden from 2002 and onwards. Earlier statistics are available on the Swedish Migration Agency's website. Further detailed statistics on asylum seekers and unaccompanied minors are available in Statistics Sweden's statistical database. The Swedish Migration Agency's website also contains further statistics on asylum seekers and applicants under the Temporary Protection Directive.
Category unknown The statistics are fully register-based. Category Unknown is used when no information on the above topics are available in the registers.
The population in the register received from the Tax Agency is considered to be the target population. Some coding is made for variables as sex and age. Which is made by using the personal identification number (PIN) of each person.
List of data sources
Population
The Total Population Register.
Live births
The Total Population Register.
Deaths
The Total Population Register.
Immigrants
The Total Population Register.
Emigrants
The Total Population Register.
Acquisitions of citizenship
The Total Population Register.
Loss of citizenship
The Total Population Register.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
The Total Population Register.
Infant deaths
The Total Population Register.
Marriages
The Total Population Register.
Divorces
The Total Population Register.
Surface in km2
Not available.
Statistics on demography and vital events are published monthly, quarterly, semiannually and annually.
According to Article 4 (2) of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 205/2014, each year Member States shall provide the Commission (Eurostat) with data at national and regional level as described in Annex II and related standard reference metadata ( In the metadata structure definition defined for the Euro SDMX Metadata Structure) for the reference year within 12 months of the end of the reference year. According to Article 3 (2) of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, Statistics on international migration, usually resident population and acquisition of citizenship shall be supplied to the Commission (Eurostat) within 12 months of the end of the reference year.
The Swedish data are fully based on registers. This can impair the comparability of data based on other sources, for example surveys.
The Swedish statistics on demography and vital events are fully comparable between different geographical areas in Sweden.
Comparability - over time
Population
See below.
Live births
See below.
Deaths
See below.
Immigrants
See below.
Emigrants
See below.
Acquisitions of citizenship
See below.
Loss of citizenship
See below.
Legally induced abortions
Not available.
Late foetal deaths
See below.
Infant deaths
See below.
Marriages
See below.
Divorces
See below.
Surface in km2
Not available.
The majority of data are available and computerized from 1968 or 1969. The comparability over time is good.