Hourly labour costs, 2022
in €, for whole economy* (enterprises with 10 or more employees)
Administrative boundaries: © EuroGeographics © UN–FAO © Turkstat
Cartography: Eurostat – IMAGE, 03/2023
* Excluding agriculture, forestry and fishing, public administration, defence
and compulsory social security, activities of households as employers, and
activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies.
Austria, Spain, Finland and Iceland: data are taken from national sources.
Croatia: estimates are based on 2016 Labour Cost Survey.
EU = €30.5, EA = €34.3
≥ 45.0
30.5 – < 45.0
20.0 – < 30.5
< 20.0
Data not available