Central Statistical Office of Poland

Regional and Environmental Surveys Department

The data collection provides information and comparable measurements on the different aspects of the quality of urban life in cities.
In the project (annual and exhaustive data collection), provided data covers 17 domains such as: demography, nationality, household structure, housing, health, crime, labour market, economic activity, income disparities and poverty, education and training provision, educational qualifications, climate, water, waste management, travel patterns, culture and recreation as well as tourism.
Annual data colection has covered 14 domains; data on crime, educational qualifications, culture and recreation as well as water were not required. Annual data collection covers 83 variables and the full list of variables (exhaustive data collection) covers 155 variables.

Specific classification and coding systems have been developed for the spatial units, variables and indicators. For the description of the coding system, the list of indicators and variables see the Methodological Manual on City Statistics. Spatial Units are listed in the annex of the Methodological Manual on City Statistics. In the current project data have been collected for the following territorial units: annual data collection – national, city, kernel and larger urban zone (LUZ); exhaustive data collection national, city, kernel, larger urban zone (LUZ) and sub-city districts (SCD). In case of Poland kernel is a new level of spatial aggregation for which CSO collects data. It covers the area of the Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia, which consists of the following cities: Bytom, Chorzów, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Gliwice, Jaworzno, Katowice, Mysłowice, Piekary Śląskie, Ruda Śląska, Siemianowice Śląskie, Sosnowiec, Świętochłowice, Tychy and Zabrze.

The indicators and variables cover several aspects of quality of life, for e.g. demography, housing, health, crime, labour market, income disparity, local administration, educational qualifications, environment, climate, travel patterns, information society and cultural infrastructure.

For the complete list of indicators annd variables see the European Regional and Urban Statistics - Reference Guide.

For most variables existing international standards have been followed.
Deviating definitions:
Variables: DE1001V, DE1002V, DE1003, DE1040V, DE1041V, DE1042V, DE1074V, DE1075V, DE1076V, DE1077V,DE1078V, DE1079V, DE1046V, DE1047V, DE1048V, DE1049V, DE1050V, DE1051V, DE1058V,DE1059V, DE1060V, DE1061V, DE1062V, DE1063V, DE1064V, DE1065V, DE1066V, DE1025V, DE1026V, DE1027V, DE1028V, DE1029V, DE1030V, DE1055V, DE1056V, DE1057V – actually living population. Population balances on the basis of Population and Housing Census 2011. Variables: DE2001V, DE2002V, DE2003V, DE2008V, DE2009V, DE2010V, DE20011V, DE2012V – data as of 31 December of each year. For variable DE2001V the reference date was changed (form 1.01 to 31.12).Therefore data was changed for the previous years, for example data for reference day 1.01.2009 was replaced by data as of 31.12.2008. Variables: DE3001V, DE3002V, DE3005V, DE3008V, DE3011V –  as of 31 March 2011, data have been developed from sampling survey conducted as a part of the 2011 Population and Housing Census by 'housekeeping unit' concept. It was not possible to make an estimate of the number of private households according to the 'household-dwelling' concept  because of large differences for certain household types: one person households, lone parent private household (with children aged 0 to under 18), lone pensioner private household, private households with children aged 0 to under 18. Data is available only for cities with powiat status.
Variable DE 3017V – data for total population living in private households by 'housekeeping unit' concept have been developed from sampling survey conducted as a part of the 2011 Population and Housing Census by 'housekeeping unit' concept. Data excluding population living in institutional households and homeless persons. For this reason total population living in private households is less than total population.  Data is available only for cities with powiat status. Variable TT1080V – average retail price for a monthly or a 30-day normal, personal ticket (for buses, trams and underground within the city boundaries) for all lines. Variables: TT1064V and TT1065V – data refers to employees hired on the basis of an employment contract only.

Variables: TE2025V, TE2028V, TE2031V – actually living population.
Data for number of residents (aged 25-64) with ISCED level 0, 1 or 2 as the highest level of education have been developed from sampling survey conducted as a part of the 2011 Population and Housing Census. Data is available only for cities with powiat status. The International Standard Classification of Education 1997 (ISCED 1997) published by the UNITED NATIONS Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization does not include unknown level of education. For this reason population (aged 25-64) with ISCED level 0, 1, 2, 4, 5 as the highest level of education (being sum of the variables  TE2025V,  TE2028V and TE2031V)  is less than total population (aged 25-64, being sum of the variables  DE1058V, DE1061V, DE1064V and DE1025V).

Variables: SA1050V, SA1051V – average prices for buying a house (SA1050V) and average prices for buying an apartment (SA1051V) were obtained as a quotient of the value and number of all transactions concluded in the surveyed territory. Average prices for buying a house (SA1050V) refers to prices of land build-up with residential building (they include price of land and price of structure). Residential buildings include detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses as well as multi-family buildings.
Average prices for buying an apartment (SA1051V) refers to prices of residential apartments i.e. room or set of rooms separated with durable walls within the building dedicated to the permanent stay of persons, which together with the auxiliary rooms serve the purpose of fulfilling their housing needs. Data at the country level as well as data for powiats covers transactions concluded in urban areas as well as in rural areas.

In Urban Audit project main units of statistical observation are cities. The choice of cities has been made on the basis of Degree of Urbanisation (DEGURBA) classification. Data are also collected for Larger Urbann Zones (LUZ), Sub-city Districts (SCD) and kernnel. The defionition of the composition of the LUZ, SCD and kernel in terms of spatial units need to respect certain criteria set by DG Regio and Eurostat.

Urban Audit 2012-2013 has covered 68 Polish cities.

In Poland the following 68 cities participate in the project: Warszawa, Łódź, Kraków, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk, Szczecin, Bydgoszcz, Lublin, Białystok, Kielce, Toruń, Olsztyn, Rzeszów, Opole, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Zielona Góra, Jelenia Góra, Nowy Sącz, Suwałki, Konin, Żory, Częstochowa, Radom, Płock, Kalisz, Koszalin, Gdynia, Bielsko-Biała, Rybnik, Wałbrzych, Elbląg, Włocławek, Tarnów, Legnica, Grudziądz, Bytom, Chorzów, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Gliwice, Jaworzno, Katowice, Mysłowice, Piekary Śląskie, Ruda Śląska, Siemianowice Śląskie, Sosnowiec, Świętochłowice, Tychy, Zabrze,Ełk, Głogów, Gniezno, Inowrocław, Lubin, Chełm, Jastrzębie Zdrój, Leszno, Łomża, Piotrków Trybunalski, Przemyśl, Świedlce, Słupsk, Sopot, Zamość, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Ostrów Wielkopolski, Pabianice, Piła, Stalowa Wola, Stargard Szczeciński, Świdnica, Tczew, Tomaszów Mazowiecki and Zgierz.
For the purpose of current Urban Audit edition number of cities covered by the project increase from 45 to 68 cities.

2010-2012

Not applicable.

The unit of measurement various from indicator to indicator; from variable to variable. In most cases the unit of measurement is included in the label.

For the main data collection 2011, 2008, 2004 and 2001 are the reference years. 1996 and 1991 were the the reference years for the "historical" data collection. On annual basis variables have been collected for the period 2005-2012.

All data supply of urban statistics is based on a volountary agreement, as there is no Community legislation yet on this topic http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/index.htm.

Not applicable.

Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics (recital 24 and Article 20(4)) of 11 March 2009 (OJ L 87, p. 164), scipulate the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society.

Not applicable.

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Not applicable.

The periodicity of data is 3-years. A few indicators are collecten annually.

The database is updated occasionally (on average quarterly) depending on the data availability of new and revised data.

Not available.

Not available.

http://stat.gov.pl/statystyka-regionalna/badania-regionalne/urban-audit-250/

Not available.

Not available.

The definitons of the  Methodological Manual on City Statistics  have been followed (for most variables). Data for all domains are given as of 31 December each year with the exception of census data (as of 31 March 2011).

The quality assurance procedures detailed in the  Methodological Manual on City Statistics have been applied. Not applicable at present.

Not available.

Statistical Office in Poznań has made an attempt to estimate few variables in the scope of labour market from LFS. Results were satisfactory and were sent to Eurostat.

User needs and stakeholder requirements are collected at several forums for example CSO during several meetings with representatives of central and local government on national urban policy.

Not available.

Overview of data availability. Annual data collection 2010, 2012;

During the project CSO of Poland delivered data to Eurostat for: 59 variables (out of 83) at the city and kernel level; 49 variables (out of 74) at the LUZ level; 63 variables (out of 77) at the national level;
For the city and kernel level CSO transmitted 71,1% of required variables.
For the LUZ level CSO transmitted 66,2% of required variables.
At the national level CSO transmitted 81,8% of required variables.
Missing variables for the annual Urban Audit CSO has not transmitted: 24 out of 83 variables at the city and kernel level, 25 out of 74 at the LUZ level and 14 out of 77 at the national level. The main reason for the lack of variables was the lack of information both in resources of official statistics and administrative data sources.
Reasons for missing variables by domain:
Nationality – DE2001V, DE2002V, DE2003V, DE2008V, DE2009V, DE2010V, DE2011V, DE2012V – data collected during censuses of population and housing only;

Household structure – DE3001V, DE3002V, DE3003V, DE3008V, DE3011V, DE3017V data collected during censuses of population and housing only;
Labour market – EC1177V, EC1178V, EC1179V, EC1180V, EC1181V, EC1182V – LFS data available at the national level;
Income disparities and poverty – EC3064V, EC3065, EC3066, EC3067 –
EU-SILC data available at the national level only; lack of another data source;
Travel patterns – TT1060V – unavailable data for lower than the LAU 1 of territorial aggregation. Data was sent for all variables marked A and B.
Overview of data availability. Exhaustive data collection 2011
During the project CSO of Poland delivered data to Eurostat for: 104 variables (out of 155) at the city and kernel level; 57 variables (out of 127) at the LUZ level; 124 variables (out of 133) at the national level;
For the city and kernel level CSO transmitted 67,1% of required variables.
For the LUZ level CSO transmitted 44,9% of required variables.
At the national level CSO transmitted 93,2% of required variables.

Missing variables for the exhaustive Urban Audit.
CSO has not transmitted: 53 out of 155 variables at the city and kernel level, 70 out of 127 at the LUZ level and 12 out of 133 at the national level. The main reason for the lack of variables was the lack of information both in resources of official statistics and administrative data sources.

Reasons for missing variables by domain:
Nationality – DE2001V, DE2002V, DE2003V, DE2008V, DE2009V, DE2010V, DE2011V, DE2012V – data collected during censuses of population and housing not available at LAU2 level;
Household structure – DE3001V, DE3002V, DE3003V, DE3008V, DE3011V, DE3017V – data collected during censuses of population and housing not available at LAU2 level;
Housing – SA1012V, SA1013V, SA1049V – lack of data source; SA1004V, SA1005V, SA1007V, SA1008V, SA1011V – data collected during censuses of population and housing not available at lower levels of territorial aggregation; SA1018V, SA1025V – data collected during censuses of population and housing not available at LAU2 level;
Labour market – LFS data available at the national level;
Economic activity – data available at the national level only;
Income disparities and poverty – EC3039V, EC3040V, EC3064V, EC3065, EC3066, EC3067 – EU-SILC data available at the national level only; lack of another data source;
Education and training provision – TE1039V, TE1040V, TE1041V – lack of data source;
Educational qualification – TE2025V, TE2028V, TE2031V – data collected
during censuses of population and housing not available at LAU2 level;
Water –  EN3011V – lack of data source; Travel patterns – TT1006V, TT1007V, TT1008V, TT1012V, TT1020V – lack of data source; TT1060V, TT1057V – unavailable data for lower than the LAU 1
of territorial aggregation; TT1003V, TT1010V, TT1019V – data available at the national level only and TT1064V, TT1065V due to data availibility figures will be sent in the begining of 2014 .
Data was sent for all variables marked A and B.
CSO transmitted some additional data (not required by Eurostat) for the following variables:
at the city and kernel level for the year 2011 – EC2008V, EC2009V, EC2022V, EC2032V, EC2033V, EC2034V, EC2035V, EC2036V, EC2037V, EC2038V; at the national level for the year 2010 – DE2001V, DE2002V, DE2003V, DE2008V, DE2009V, DE 2010V, DE2011V, DE2012V.

Not applicable.

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Not applicable. 

Depends on the domain and individual indicator. As a general rule, timelines is about 24 months.

Timetable of the project
Task 1. Identification of variables - 28 June 2012 (realized on 1 October 2012),
Task 2. Compilation of variables for annual Urban Audit data collection (2010/2011) - 28 December 2012 (realized on 28 December 2012),
Task 3. Compilation of an interim operational report - 28 March 2013 (realized on 28 March 2013),
Task 4. Compilation of variables for exhaustive data collection (2011) - 28 June 2013 - most of data transmitted in June 2013, the rest in November and Decembre due to tater than expected data availibility,
Task 5. Compilation of variables for annual Urban Audit data collection (2011/2012) - 28 June 2013 - most of data transmitted in June 2013, the rest in November and Decembre due to tater than expected data availibility,
Task 6. Participation in the quality control - 28 September 2013 - realized in November 2013 (validation data file was send by Eurostat in October 2013),
Task 7. Compilation of final operational report - 27 December 2013.
Realization of task 1 was delayed due to the lack of final version of list of variables. CSO received the final list on 12 July 2012.

Due to the deviating definitions and different data sources used, the comparability of data is limited to some extent. Basic information on data sources are included as flags in the database and the deviating definitions is available in the part 3.4.

The implementation of a fully comparable definition of cities at European level has improved the comparability.

Changes of the list of cities were made in 2004, 2008 and 2011. For the new cities no data for 1991 and 1996 were collected. For 1991 to 1996 (historical data) only a subset of indicators are available.

Data collected at SCD level is coherent with the data collected at national level to a limited extend due to the different data sources used.

Internal coherence (e.g. between spatial levels, between indicators like total, male, female population) is ensured through the application of multivariable and univariable validation controls.

Not available.

No preliminary data is published.

As the Urban data cover are very extensive, it cannot be excluded that errors exist in the data. Datected errors will be corrected irregularly after consultation with the national coordinator.

Basic information on data sources are included as flags in the database. The main sources of Urban Audit data are surveys of public statistics. The additional source of data are registers carried out by city offices.

Not available.

CSO branch departments (Regional and Environmental Surveys Department, Social Surveys and Living Conditions Department, Demographic Surveys and Labour Market Department, Trade and Services Department) have carried out work in the scope of Urban Audit 2012-2013 project in co-operation with two regional statistical offices – Regional Statistical Office in Poznań (Centre for Urban Statistics and Centre for Small Area Estimation) and Regional Statistical Office in Wrocław (Local Data Bank Centre in Jelenia Góra) as well as Statistical Computing Centre. Works were coordinated by Regional and Environmental Surveys Department.
In the scope of collection of data from administrative sources Centre for Urban Statistics in Poznań co-operated with city halls. Tasks were realized by the following units:
- Identification of variables – analysis of the list of variables, establishment of data sources, classification of variables – CSO branch departments as well as Centre for Urban Statistics, Centre for Small Area Estimation in Poznań and Local Data Bank Centre in Jelenia Góra.
- Compilation of variables for annual Urban Audit data collection (2010/2012) and exhausyive data collection (2011) – CSO branch departments, Centre for Urban Statistics,and Centre for Small Area Estimation in Poznań, Local Data Bank Centre in Jelenia Góra.
- Participation in the quality control – Regional and Environmental Surveys Department with cooperation of Centre for Urban Statistics in Poznań.
- Compilation of an interim and final operational report – Regional and Environmental Surveys Department.

In case of Poland, validation file refered to the following variables: DE 2001V, DE2002V, DE2003V, DE 3017V, TE2025V, TE2028V, TE2031V and EN 5001V, EN5003V. CSO remooved data for cities which were not cities with powit status for variables:DE 2001V, DE2002V, DE2003V, DE 3017V, TE2025V, TE2028V, TE2031V. Values for EN5001V and EN5003V remained unchanged and were confirmed by CSO - mistake in the validation rules.

For variables SA1050V and SA1051V 2010 data were estimated at a LUZ level. Average prices were obtained by dividing the total value by the number of concluded transactions in a given area. Data for these variables are available at the LAU1 level (powiat). In case of powiats, which are partly incorporated in the LUZ area, the value and number of transactions corresponding to the population residing in the LUZ area only was taken into account. For variables EC3039V and EC3040V the source of data is EU-SILC. The survey units of EU-SILC are private households and members of these households at the age of 16 and over.
Number of household which participated in the survey:
in 2005 - 16395 (sample: 24044 household);
in 2006 – 14919 (sample: 18494 household);
in 2007 – 14291 (sample: 18324 household);
in 2008 – 13986 (sample: 17443 household);
in 2009 - 13227  (sample: 17116 household);
in 2010 – 12931  (sample: 16407 household);
in 2011 - 12885  (sample: 16253 household);
in 2012 - 13133  (sample: 17268 household).
The household non-response rate was about 25 %.
The adopted method of the generalization of results takes into account dwelling, household and individual person  selection probabilities, survey completeness with regard to class of locality as well as household and individuals population structure according to the current demographic data. Reference period for income data – for EU-SILC 2005 is year 2004, EU-SILC 2006-2005, EU-SILC 2007-2006, EU-SILC 2008-2007, EU-SILC 2009-2008, EU-SILC 2010-2009, EU-SILC 2011-2010, EU-SILC 2012-2011.
EU-SILC is also the soure of data for variables EC3064V, EC3065V, EC3066V, and EC3067V.

For the variable SA3005V - the number of crimes on LAU 1 level was obtained from the Police Headquarters. Data for variable include number of murder and violent deaths in the powiats wholly included in the LUZ area and estimated value in the case of powiats, which are only partially located in an LUZ area. Estimates made on the basis of the population living in the area included in the LUZ in the total population of the powiat.

Not available.

None.