See Regulation 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681 and Methodological Manual for Tourism Statistics

Participation in tourism: the individual.

Tourism trips: the tourism trip with at least one overnight stay made by the individual.

Same-day visits: the SDV made by the individual.

One person for all household members from 15 years or each person individually.

Participation in tourism: All residents aged 15 or over.

Tourism trips: All tourism trips of at least one overnight stay made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over.

Same-day visits: outbound SDV made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over.

The statistical population for participation in tourism are all residents aged 15 and over, residing in private households.

2012

2012

2012

2012

Regulation 692/2011

Regulation 1051/2011

Regulation 2019/1681

Statistics Law.

Cabinet Regulation No. 812 (20 December 2016), only in Latvian.

Cabinet Regulation No. 741 (01 January 2023), only in Latvian.

• The data source provides a wide set of indicators to analyze residents travel habits;
• All data collection methods (CAWI, CATI and CAPI) are applied with good system of automatic quality control during data entry. Each CAWI questionnaire is also checked individually;
• We obtain mobile telephone numbers for respondents from the registers of public authorities since 2021. This helped us to achieve a better response level (67,1% compared with 51.7% in 2020);
• Sampling error is relatively small for main variables (cv= 2,28 for variable "Number of residents, having made at least 1 trip");
• Comparable methodology and results in Europe;
• Publication is limited to number of observations to guarantee data protection of respondents and data quality.

• Recall bias, especially for travel expenditures and same-day trips;
• A random survey, where generalization is based on the respondent's place of residence and socio-demographic indicators. The total figures of the number of trips cannot be directly influenced using other data sources.

In 2023 we are still using the same data collection model which was made in 2019. In it the principle of registration of trips was fully changed to make it easier for both the respondents themselves and the interviewers. In the new version of the data collection, it is no longer necessary to re-register the same trip on which the family went with each family member.

If the trip repeated during a month, namely, were 2 or more similar domestic or outbound same-day trips outside the usual environment with the same destination, reason, mode of transport and expenditures, then the trip is registered only once (for example, attained courses, training, etc.).

By changing the input environment of the questions, the number of validations has been significantly reduced by moving the order of the questions according to the logical principle (it is not necessary to read the questions that do not apply to certain conditions, as well as part of the questions are filled in automatically). This ensures that there are fewer errors in data entry and less time required for data processing.

See: Regulation 692/2011 and Delegated Regulation 2019/1681.

Regular information requests on domestic and outbound number of trips, nights and expenditure.

List of main users for domestic and outbound trip statistics:

• Public administration;
• Students;
• Mass media.

There are information requests on trips to objects of main tourism attractions and destinations (municipalities). The current sample size doesn't allow to provide this data.

Compliant with the requirements of Regulation on tourism statistics 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681, as well as recommendations laid down in the Methodological Manual for tourism statistics.

941.1

1.98%

128.2

5.33%

4 612.3

2.87%

2 907.3

3.81%

1 705.1

3.96%

4 329.9

2.94%

282.5

9.4%

692.5

7.71%

2 214.8

4.42%

1 289.0 mil. EUR

4.27%

444.2 mil. EUR

5.63%

All estimated values are given in thousands.

Sampling error is relatively small for main variables (cv= 1.89% for variable "Number of residents, having made at least 1 trip").

The sampling frame is created using demographic data from Demographic Statistics Data Processing System.

The target population is Latvian residents, who live in private households and are at least 15 years old during the reporting period.
The information is received about persons that belong to the frame population in regards to their declared addresses. But there are cases when persons don't live at the declared address that leads to the coverage error.
Over-coverage rate: 1.0368%
Types of over-coverage:
1) The house is not the main residence of a household;
2) Empty house - no one lives at the moment or the house is currently uninhabitable;
3) The house is unfit for living.

Not available

212

11888

2208

1556

No rejectable questionnaire was found.

12

3776

31.76%

29.07%

31.76%

In case of CAPI interviews there are 3 attempts possible to reach the respondent in a city and 2 attempts in rural areas. After the first unsuccessful attempt a short notice is left for a respondent in order to arrange an interview.
In order to reach as many respondents as possible in CATI interviews, contracts are successfully concluded from several state institutions and one mobile operator since 2021.
The sampling is built using two-stage design (probabilities proportional to size and simple random sampling). Design weights are corrected by response homogenity groups method. Calibration for corrected design weights is used in order to minimize non-response deviation. The process is made by age goups, sex, areas and region.

There is a significant item non-response for expenditure categories, where the level of non-response amounts to more than 5% (imputation rate of expenditure equals to 0.16).

The main technique for correction of the item non-response on domestic trips is "Hot Deck" Imputation Method. Using a trip or traveller descriptive variables they are replaced with an observed response from a “similar” unit. The values of equivalent trips with the same destination are used for correction of item non-response on trips abroad. The following features are taken into account:

• Transport type,
• Accommodation type,
• Purpose of the trip,
• The number of nights spent.

The imputation in outbound trips is carried out by evaluating each trip separately, taking into account the comments left by the interviewers about the specific trip and comparing the answers given by other respondents on trips with similar parameters in the relevant quarter, taking into account as a priority: the destination of the trip, the transport used, the type of accommodation, the purpose, the duration and the number of persons from the same household participating in the trip. In order to estimate the expenses, the prices available on the Internet in the specific destinations are studied.

180

180

180

-2

-2

-2

For outbound trips break in time series in 2012 (from 1996 - 2011 data collected via Border survey). 

Comparable time series for domestic tourism trips as well as for participation in tourism trips are available from 2012, when an updated number of Latvian residents from Population and Housing Census 2011 was first used in Household Survey on recreational and business trips.

For outbound trips break in time series in 2012 (from 1996 - 2011 data collected via Border survey). 

Comparable time series for domestic tourism trips as well as for participation in tourism trips are available from 2012, when an updated number of Latvian residents from Population and Housing Census 2011 was first used in Household Survey on recreational and business trips.

For outbound trips break in time series in 2012 (from 1996 - 2011 data collected via Border survey). 

Comparable time series for domestic tourism trips as well as for participation in tourism trips are available from 2012, when an updated number of Latvian residents from Population and Housing Census 2011 was first used in Household Survey on recreational and business trips.

Household survey on personal and professional trips of Latvian residents in Latvia and abroad

Iedzīvotāju apsekojums par atpūtas un darījumu braucieniem 2023. gadā

The personal and professional trips of Latvian residents in 2023

Twice a year

Types of over-coverage:
1) The house is not the main residence of a household;
2) Empty house - no one lives at the moment or the house is currently uninhabitable;
3) The house is unfit for living.

12100

3013

12100

8112

2084

8112

Two-stage sampling design is applied for survey. 

First stage sampling design is a stratified systematic pps sample (probabilities proportional to size, probability for inclusion of a unit in the sample is proportional to the size of the unit). Sample units are survey polygons.

There are four sample strata formed according to the type of territories:

• Riga,
• cities under state jurisdiction (excluding Riga),
• other cities,
• rural territories. 

Second stage sampling design is the simple random sampling. Sample units are private dwellings.

Iedzīvotāju apsekojums par atpūtas un darījumu braucieniem 2023. gadā CSP website.

Not available

Not available

Proxy interviews were accepted only in cases where the respondent was knowledgeable about other people's trips and could answer to all questions in the questionnaire. Proxy interviews most often took place when another relative who declared at the sample address was called first, but no longer lives there, or the respondent living at the address is unable to answer (due to illness, health problems or language).
Share of proxy interviews was 0.98%.

Average 7.52 min

Average 10.62 min

Not applicable.

Automatic online logical data controls and automatically fills in during interview:

• Soft controls (warnings) alert the interviewer to check out the entered data and if it is correct, he confirms it and continues with the interview, if it is incorrect, he corrects it and then continues.
• Hard controls (errors) alert the interviewer that he entered the data that is wrong. Hard controls do not allow a continuation until the correct answer is chosen. For example:
  • Are time periods possible?
• Automatically fills, for example:
  • If transport and accommodation services were included in the price of package, then they must fill in the questions about the way of booking the package. In that case, the transport and accommodation reservation questions will be filled in automatically.
  • If non-rented accommodation is used, questions about booking will be filled in automatically.

Controls after the interviewing made by methodologist:

• Each CAWI completed questionnaire is checked every month immediately before the CATI and CAPI interviews, including the respondents' comments;
• Each CAWI incompleted questionnaire is checked every month immediately before the CATI and CAPI interviews. It is assessed whether it can be completed or returned to the interviewers for clarification;
• All comments left by the interviewers on each question are evaluated;
• Data are logically checked every quarter taking into consideration Eurostat's validation rules;
• If rented accommodation is used, presence of expenditure on accommodation is checked;
• The fields in which the interviewers have made mistakes in the past are examined especially carefully. For example:
  • Is country of destination possible for the trip duration?
  • Are means of transport possible for this trip destination?
  • Are expenditure possible for trip duration and type of accommodation?
  • Type of accommodation and transport reservation;
• Prices of the packages are divided into their elements;
• Missing values are replaced during the imputation process;
• Aggregated data are compared with previous period;
• The main indicator for measuring the sampling error is the coefficient of variation.

The missing and in some cases also inconsistent data are estimated by using the set of the imputation methods.