Trips of EU residents - annual data (tour_dem)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Croatian Bureau of Statistics


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Metadata update
3. Statistical presentation
4. Unit of measure
5. Reference Period
6. Institutional Mandate
7. Confidentiality
8. Release policy
9. Frequency of dissemination
10. Accessibility and clarity
11. Quality management
12. Relevance
13. Accuracy
14. Timeliness and punctuality
15. Coherence and comparability
16. Cost and Burden
17. Data revision
18. Statistical processing
19. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

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1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Croatian Bureau of Statistics
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Tourism Statistics Department
1.5. Contact mail address

Croatian Bureau of Statistics, Ilica 3, 10000 Zagreb


2. Metadata update Top
2.1. Metadata last certified

26 September 2023
2.2. Metadata last posted

26 September 2023
2.3. Metadata last update

30 September 2023


3. Statistical presentation Top
3.1. Data description

The purpose of the statistical survey Tourist Activity of the Population of the Republic of Croatia is to gather data on national tourism, that is, the data on the number and characteristics of travels of the Croatian population outside their usual environment. The goal is to assess to what extent does the Croatian population travel, their reasons for going on a trip, where and when they travel, how long do the trips last and what the trip expenditures amount to. For the surveyed persons who did not go on a private trip with overnight stays, the data on the reasons for not going on a trip were gathered.
3.2. Classification system

Not applicable.
3.3. Coverage - sector

National tourism: domestic tourism and outbound tourism (trips made by residents of the reporting country).
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions

See Regulation 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681 and Methodological Manual for Tourism Statistics
3.4.2 Additional comments (e.g. country-specific deviations)

Additional variables:

  • number of persons living in the households (including children);
  • number of children aged<15 living in the households;
  • county of residence.
3.5. Statistical unit
3.5.1 Statistical unit 

Participation in tourism: the individual.

Tourism trips: the tourism trip with at least one overnight stay made by the individual.

Same-day visits: the SDV made by the individual.
3.5.2 Reporting unit One person in the selected household (within the age scope)
3.5.3 If other or additional comments, please specify
3.6. Statistical population
3.6.1 Statistical population

Participation in tourism: All residents aged 15 or over.

Tourism trips: All tourism trips of at least one overnight stay made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over

Same-day visits: All SDV made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over
3.6.2 Additional comments (e.g. deviating coverage in terms of age groups, multiple surveys with different subpopulation, inclusion of domestic same-day visits in years where this is not compulsory)
3.7. Reference area

The whole country is covered.
3.8. Coverage - Time

Coverage - Time [data comparable since (YYYY)]

3.8.1 Participation in tourism (Year)

2016

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years. In order to achieve a consistency of data and to make 2023 data comparable with already released data for previous years, a revision of data will be subsequently carried out, thus enabling the harmonisation of data for previous years with the Census 2021 results
3.8.2 Tourism trips (Year)

2016

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years. In order to achieve a consistency of data and to make 2023 data comparable with already released data for previous years, a revision of data will be subsequently carried out, thus enabling the harmonisation of data for previous years with the Census 2021 results
3.8.3 Same-day visits (outbound) (Year)

2016

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years. In order to achieve a consistency of data and to make 2023 data comparable with already released data for previous years, a revision of data will be subsequently carried out, thus enabling the harmonisation of data for previous years with the Census 2021 results
3.8.4 Same-day visits (domestic) (Year)

2016

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years. In order to achieve a consistency of data and to make 2023 data comparable with already released data for previous years, a revision of data will be subsequently carried out, thus enabling the harmonisation of data for previous years with the Census 2021 results
3.8.5 Additional comments (e.g. longer series for subgroups)

The time series start from 2007. 

Comparability over time (since 2007) is high for the majority of variables collected although the survey has been improved according to Regulation 692/2011 (i.e. some more detailed information for trips are collected).

Break in series. Since 2016, the survey data are not fully comparable with data for previous years due to the changes in sample design.

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years. In order to achieve a consistency of data and to make 2023 data comparable with already released data for previous years, a revision of data will be subsequently carried out, thus enabling the harmonisation of data for previous years with the Census 2021 results.
3.9. Base period

Not applicable.


4. Unit of measure Top

Not applicable.


5. Reference Period Top

2023


6. Institutional Mandate Top
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
6.1.1 European level

Regulation 692/2011

Regulation 1051/2011

Delegated Regulation 2019/1681
6.1.2 National level

 Official_Statistics_Act_2020.pdf (gov.hr)
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

According to the EU Regulation on tourism statistics unit-level data on trips is transmitted to Eurostat.


7. Confidentiality Top
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

The confidentiality policy is regulated by the following legislation:

  • Official Statistics Act (NN, Nos. 25/20): Under the Official Statistics Act, the CBS shall disseminate official statistical data in a form in which a statistical unit cannot be identified neither directly nor indirectly in accordance with the provisions of Articles 18 and 19 of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009. Statistical data on natural or legal persons, if these data can directly or indirectly be linked to a natural or legal person, are statistically confidential and represent an official secret. All the persons employed at the Statistical Office as well as all the interviewers sign the Confidentiality data statement. Official_Statistics_Act_2020.pdf (gov.hr)
  • Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics 
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
  • CBS takes all the necessary logical, physical and administrative measures to ensure the data protection in all stages of the statistical process.
  • The protection of confidential statistical data includes technical and organisational procedures, as well as other appropriate procedures that ensure the physical and logical protection of confidential data.
  • The manner of protection of confidential statistical data is determined by an instruction issued by the Director General of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, or by an appropriate act issued by the authorised person of another producer of official statistics.
  • Instruction on the protection rules and methods for the dissemination of official statistics of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics.
  • Only aggregated data are published. The results tables published are analysed to avoid that private information could be deducted from them. 
  • Confidential statistical data are presented in a form in which a statistical unit cannot be identified neither directly nor indirectly and they may not be a basis for determining any rights and obligations of reporting units, such as administrative, legal or tax purposes, nor for the verification of reporting units.
  • Access to confidential statistical data that enable only indirect identification of a statistical unit may be granted exceptionally, based on a written request, for conducting statistical analyses solely for scientific purposes in accordance with the provision of Article 23 of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009.
  • Data allowing direct identification are kept just while they are necessary to guarantee the quality of the processes.


8. Release policy Top
8.1. Release calendar

CBS compiles and publishes on website the Calendar of Statistical Data Issues for the statistical surveys covered by the Annual Implementation Plan, which shall contain the publication dates of statistical data and it shall be published at least three months prior to the publication of the first survey results for the period to which the Annual Implementation Plan refers. Any deviation from the deadlines specified in the Calendar shall be separately recorded and announced at least three working days prior to the publication date specified in the Calendar.

 
8.2. Release calendar access

Access to the release calendar:

  • Calendar of Statistical Data Issues 2023 contains the review of publications planned to be issued in 2023 and by the end of June 2024, which depends on when the processing of a particular statistical survey can be finished and on whether it is feasible to make a particular kind of publication or not. Calendar is disseminated on the CBSs website: Kalendar objavljivanja statističkih podataka 2023. (gov.hr).
  • Once a year CBS issues The Publishing Programme (in Croatian and English), in order to inform our data users on our publishing activity as thoroughly as possible. Programme is free of charge and is available on the website of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics. In the first part of the Programme, users can find information on types of publications we issue, followed by a detailed review of issues planned for the whole 2023 and up to June 2024, depending on when a processing of a particular statistical survey is finished and on possibilities of producing a particular type of publication. Link: Program publiciranja 2023 (gov.hr)
8.3. Release policy - user access

Users are informed of the data release by publishing the Calendar of Statistical Data Issues and the Publishing Programme. According to the Release Date announced in the Publishing Programme and in the Calendar of Statistical Data Issues, publications of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics are released at 11:00 a.m. precisely, both in electronic format and hard copy. Official statistical data are available in the same way and at the same time to all users in accordance with the provision of Article 18, paragraph 3 of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009. The persons who perform official statistics tasks shall not make statistical data available to unauthorised persons prior to their official dissemination. 


9. Frequency of dissemination Top

Annualy


10. Accessibility and clarity Top
10.1. Dissemination format - News release

Tourist Activity of Croatian Population in 2023: First Release.TUR-2024-4-1 Tourist Activity of Population of Republic of Croatia, 2023 | Državni zavod za statistiku (dzs.hr)
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Publication, Croatia in Figures, croinfig_2023.pdf (dzs.hr)
10.3. Dissemination format - online database

Since 2014, annual data are published in Statistical Database. 

Data are in the PC-Axis data format: Tourist Activity.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Micro-data are not disseminated to other partners, only to Eurostat.

In Croatia, the entities entitled to obtain the statistically protected micro data include the registered research institutions and registered researchers. The statistically protected micro data can be obtained for statistical-analytical purposes and the scientific research purposes, where the analysis involves a public benefit. They have to sign the contract and the statement in which they state they would respect the law on personal data protection. After the completion of the research project, and no later than 60 days from the publication or dissemination of research results, the research subject and independent researcher are obliged to make available to the CBS all links to published research results in which the data were used.
10.5. Dissemination format - other

The additional national indicators outside the scope of the Regulation for tourism trips and same-day visits: county of permanent residence, number of household members.

Outbound same-day trips (number of visits, purpose of the visit (private, business), data on expenditures) are also covered by the survey and published evry year.

Question regarding main reason for not going on a private trip is included in the questionnaire every year and not every three years as it is expected in the Regulation 692/2011. 
10.6. Documentation on methodology

 Survey methods, data collection procedure and weighting procedures are published in: 
10.7. Quality management - documentation

In order to establish a comprehensive system of quality, the Croatian Bureau of Statistics applies the model of Total Quality Management, which also contains the Code of Practice of European Statistics. This model offers a possibility of continuous improvement for each business process. It focuses not only on products and services, but also on users and their satisfaction, the active participation of employees, long-term business success and social benefit. The communication is recognized as a key element of all statistical processes that affect the business success.


11. Quality management Top
11.1. Quality assurance

The quality of statistical information and its production is ensured by the provision of the European Statistic Code of Practice. Definitions laid in the methodological manual are respected.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
11.2.1 Main strengths

All the requirements of the Regulation 692/2011 are taken into consideration. Statistical confidentiality is respected. The obtained precision of estimates is satisfactory. 

Methodological instruction for interviewers before the start of conducting the survey, for each quarter.

Promotion of the survey:

  • letter from the General Director sent to respondents announcing the launch of the statistical survey;
  • information on the launch of the survey on the websites of the CBS;
  • flyers distributed to respondents with information about the survey.
11.2.2 Main weaknesses

There is an issue of under coverage.
11.2.3 Quality improvements compared with previous reference year

As of 2018, fixed and mobile phones are included in the sample. Using both in the sample reduces undercoverage and non-response errors.

We also used calibration of weights with the aim to reduce bias of survey estimates.

The new weights were calibrated on the number of persons aged 15+ by counties, gender and age groups, according to level of education, by age groups in one-person households. 

Weights of trips with commercial accommodation also are adjusting using calibration procedure so that they reproduce total number of nights by type of accommodation according to regular monthly survey Tourist arrivals and nights, conducted by the CBS in 2023.

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. 


12. Relevance Top
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
12.1.1 European level

See: Regulation 692/2011
12.1.2 Main users on a national level

The data from the survey are used for monitoring domestic travel and trips abroad made by population of Croatia. The data are intended particularly for the use of state institutions of Croatia, tourism organisations, research institutes and researchers, media and journalists. Within CBS, the data are mainly used for producing the tourism account. 
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

Attitudes and opinions of users are collected through a regular user satisfaction survey. The first user satisfaction survey of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics was conducted in 2013, the second one in 2015, and the last one at the end of 2022. The survey results can be checked on the website of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics Results of the User Satisfaction Survey 2022.pdf (gov.hr)

The aim of the research was to determine users' satisfaction with the quality of data and services, as well as their needs.

Curently the User Satisfaction is not measured.
12.3. Completeness
12.3.1 Completeness

Compliant with the requirements of Regulation on tourism statistics 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681, as well as recommendations laid down in the Methodological Manual for tourism statistics.
12.3.2 If not, please specify why and list deviations from Reg.


13. Accuracy Top
13.1. Accuracy - overall

In the analysis of the accuracy of estimates, the sum estimate, coefficient of variation expressed in percentage and a 95% reliability interval used in the sum estimate are presented.
13.2. Sampling error

13.2.1 Sampling errors - indicators

Information on Sampling errors may also be provided in the attached file.  Estimated value Coefficient of variation
13.2.1.1 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 15 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay (all age groups)

1,630,604

2.0%
13.2.1.2 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 65 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay

226,139

2,5%
13.2.1.3 Tourism trips - Total number of trips

5,690,973

2.1%
13.2.1.4 Domestic trips

3,629,655

1,9%
13.2.1.5 Outbound trips

2,061,318

4,8%
13.2.1.6 Private/Personal trips

5,006,502

2.0%
13.2.1.7 Professional/business trips

684,471

10,7%
13.2.1.8 Domestic trips spent at rented accommodation

1,689,542

3.1%
13.2.1.9 Domestic trips spent at non-rented accommodation

1,940,113

2,2%
13.2.1.10 Tourism trips - Total expenditure excluding durables and valuable goods

2,187,462,491

4.7%
13.2.1.11 Expenditure on accommodation

719,572,516

6.1%


13.2.2 Additional comments on sampling error

13.2.1.11 

Coefficients of variation are calculated by SAS procedure SURVEYMEANS





 
13.3. Non-sampling error

13.3.1 Coverage errors

13.3.1.1 Over-coverage

Overcoverage in landline phone frame is about 12.3% (overcoverage: foreign citizenship, craft, enterprise, institutional household, duplicate household, phone number is not used).

Overcoverage in mobile phone frame is about 11.3% (overcoverage: foreign citizenship, craft, enterprise, person in institutional household, duplicate unit, selected person is younger than 15, phone number is not used).

Households with more than one telephone line were included in the sample as well as those not eligible for the survey (e.g. still registered as permanent residents in Croatia, but living abroad etc.). In addition, the telephone directory also covers non-nationals living in Croatia.

Over-coverage rate: 11.6%
13.3.1.2 Under-coverage

As the sample frame is the publicly available telephone directory for 2023, the sample frame does not cover residents (household) who do not have phone number publicly available.

 


13.3.2 Unit non-response for TRIPS dataset

  Unit non-response
13.3.2.1 Number of ineligible units/ elements

2,551
13.3.2.2 Number of eligible units/elements

19,449
13.3.2.3 Number of non-contacts

5,834
13.3.2.4 Number of refusals

1,519
13.3.2.5 Number of rejected questionnaires

0
13.3.2.6 Number of other types of non-response

399
13.3.2.7 Total non-response (= sum of 13.3.2.3 to 13.3.2.6)

7,752


13.3.3 Unit non-response rate

13.3.3.1 Unit non-response rate for TRIPS dataset (= 13.3.2.7 divided by 13.3.2.2)

39,9%
13.3.3.2 Unit non-response rate for PARTIC dataset

39,9%
13.3.3.3 Unit non-response rate for SDVOUT dataset

39,9%
13.3.3.4 Methods used for dealing with/minimising unit non-response

Methods used for minimising unit non-response

A letter and leaflet are sent to the address of selected persons to inform the households that an interviewer will call and to inform them about the content of the survey. 

Precise instructions to interviewers (written and oral). Before starting the interviews, the interviewers of the CATI Centre were trained with the help of lectures concerning interviewing technique and the contents of the survey, and by going through the survey questionnaire. As a support for their work, the interviewers have methodological instructions of the survey. Furthermore, whenever they have a problem, interviewers can contact the CATI Centre supervisors and the methodologists for this survey.  Occasionally, interviewers provide feedback on different items, which is useful for ongoing work to improve the questionnaire.

Often controls of data collection process. Multiple phone calls at different periods of time.

 

Methods used for dealing with unit non-response

Non-response weights at the level of stratum were used.

Calibration of weights with the aim to reduce bias of survey estimates  were used.

The weights were calibrated on the total number of person aged 15+ by group of counties, total number of person aged 15+ by gender and age groups, according to level of education. 

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data.

Also, weights  of trips with commercial accommodation are adjusting using calibration procedure so that they reproduce total number of nights by type of accommodation according to regular monthly survey Tourist arrivals and nights, conducted by the CBS in 2023.


13.3.4 Item non-response

13.3.4.1 Item non-response

Expenditure items are the most affected by item non-response.
13.3.4.2 Methods used for dealing with/minimising item non-response

For dealing with item non-response, hot deck imputation method is applied. When there is information about total expenditure, missing expenditure values are imputed in proportion equal to proportion of expenditure values of units with full response.

In order to minimize item non-response precise instructions are given to interviewers (written and oral). In order to reduce non-response to expenditure items, the selected person was informed via a notice letter and a leaflet which groups of tourist expenditure would be asked.


13.3.5 Additional comments on non-sampling error 

Non-response

The unit non-response rate was 39,9%. The refusal rate was 7,8% of all eligible units. Other non-response was because we could not contact selected person, selected person was not able to participate etc.

 The imputation rates are as follows:

- expenditure on transport 17.7%,

- expenditure on accommodation 20.7%,

- expenditure on food and drinks 15.9%,

- other expenditure 7.3%.

 

Measurement errors:

- by interviewers: not understanding or misinterpreting the respondents answers, typing errors;

- by respondents: not understanding the questions, not knowing the answers, not interested in the survey. 


(in case of second survey please briefly describe 13.3.1-13.3.4 here)


14. Timeliness and punctuality Top
14.1. Timeliness
14.1.1 Participation in tourism

166
14.1.2 Tourism trips

166
14.1.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

166
14.2. Punctuality
14.2.1 Participation in tourism

Data transmitted to Eurostat 2 day before deadline.
14.2.2 Tourism trips

Data transmitted to Eurostat 2 day before deadline.
14.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

Data transmitted to Eurostat 2 day before deadline.


15. Coherence and comparability Top
15.1. Comparability - geographical

See 3.7 (in case of deviations for geographical coverage)

There has been no problem detected. The sample is stratified by counties and the data are collected uniformly at national level.
15.2. Comparability - over time
15.2.1 Participation in tourism

See 3.8.1

Comparability over time (since 2007) is high for the majority of variables collected although the survey has been improved according to Regulation 692/2011 (i.e. some more detailed information for trips are collected).

Break in series. Since 2016, the survey data are not fully comparable with data for previous years due to the changes in sample design.

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years.
15.2.2 Tourism trips

See 3.8.2

Comparability over time (since 2007) is high for the majority of variables collected although the survey has been improved according to Regulation 692/2011 (i.e. some more detailed information for trips are collected).

Break in series. Since 2016, the survey data are not fully comparable with data for previous years due to the changes in sample design.

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years.
15.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

See 3.8.3

Comparability for same-day visits is also high as we have been collecting data on same-day visits since 2007.

Break in series. Since 2016, the survey data are not fully comparable with data for previous years due to the changes in sample design.

Data for 2023 have been estimated on the basis of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021), while previously released data were estimated on the basis of the Census 2011 data. This caused a break in time series of data and, consequently, data for 2023 are not comparable to data for previous years.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain

The survey Tourist activity of population of Republic of Croatia compiles statistics on the demand side of tourism statistics. Monthly survey on tourist arrivals and nights in commercial accommodation establishments compiles statistics on the supply side of tourism statistics. Data on tourist overnight stays in commercial accommodation from these two sources can be compared.

The comparison for 2023 shows that the data on tourist nights in paid accommodation from the survey on Tourist Activity Of The Population of the Republic of Croatia are lower than the same data from the survey on tourist arrivals and nights in commercial accommodation facilities, by 10,0% of nights.

The difference in the number of domestic tourist overnight stays in paid accommodation resulting from methodological differences between these two sources:

  • demand side: sample survey, optional, included only overnight stay of domestic population over 15 years of age;
  • supply side: total coverage, obligatory, included also overnight stay of domestic population under 15 years of age.
15.4. Coherence - internal

Not applicable.


16. Cost and Burden Top

Cost and burden are not systematically collected.

Data were collected by computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI method). In order to reduce the burden on respondents who travel a lot, they were asked for a maximum of four trips with overnights stays and four same-day visits. An interview lasted an average of five minutes in total. 

There is no overlapping of sample units (phone numbers) between different quarters of survey.


17. Data revision Top
17.1. Data revision - policy

General policy of data revision is available on the CBS website: General Revision policy of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics.
17.2. Data revision - practice

The annual data are published final when first released and are not subject to revisions. Major changes in methodology are notified in advance, while information on minor methodological changes is provided in methodological explanations.


18. Statistical processing Top
18.1. Source data

18.1.1. Source data

18.1.1.1 Source data

Household survey
18.1.1.2 Name of data collection in national language

Turistička aktivnost stanovništva Republike Hrvatske u 2023
18.1.1.3 Name of data collection in English

Survey on Tourist Activity of Population of Croatia, 2023
18.1.1.4 Survey vehicle Stand-alone survey
18.1.1.5 If "Embedded in another survey", please indicate which other survey. In case both options were ticked, please describe here separately the approach for PARTIC, TRIPS, SDVOUT


18.1.2. Population frame

18.1.2.1 Population frame Telephone directory
18.1.2.2 Update of population frame Annually
18.1.2.3 If other frequency or additional comments, please specify

No additional comments.
18.1.2.4 Coverage errors of population frame

Population frame consists of landline and mobile phone numbers listed in the phone book. Non-private users, users living abroad and duplicate phone numbers were removed from the phone book.

In 2023, the sampling frame is the publicly available directory of fixed and mobile telephone lines in Croatia.

Estimated number of private users of landline phone (households) listed in phone book is 66% of survey population.

Estimated number of private users of mobile phone listed in phone book is 32% of total private users of mobile phones.

The problem of coverage errors is relieved by appropriate weighting and calibration (the weights are adjusted so that they reproduce the totals of external variables).


18.1.3. Gross sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.3.1 Gross sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.1 + 13.3.2.2)

22,000
18.1.3.2 Gross sample size for participation in tourism

7,000
18.1.3.3 Gross sample size for (outbound) same-day visits

22,000
18.1.3.4 Additional comments


18.1.4. Net sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.4.1 Net sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.2 – 13.3.2.7)

11,697
18.1.4.2 Net sample size for participation in tourism

3,627
18.1.4.3 Net sample size for (outbound) same-day visits

11,697
18.1.4.4 Additional comments


18.1.5. Sampling design

18.1.5.1 Sampling design Stratified sampling
Random sampling
18.1.5.2 If other or additional comments (also when more than one options is chosen in 18.1.5.1), please specify. Links to national methodology documentation can also be inserted here.

A random sample stratified according to the county where phone user lives and type of telephone line (fixed or mobile) was used in the survey.

Sample allocation was proportional. In the case of landline phone in sample, the interviewed person at age 15+ in sampled household was selected using last-birthday selection method. In the case of mobile phone, the interviewed person is phone user at age 15+.


18.1.6. Second survey or source

18.2. Frequency of data collection
18.2.1 Frequency of data collection Quarterly
18.2.2 Other frequency or additional comments
18.3. Data collection

18.3.1. Type of survey

Household survey


18.3.2. Data collection methods

18.3.2.1 Data collection methods CATI (computer-assisted telephone interview)
18.3.2.2 If other or additional comments, please specify. In case a combination of data collection methods is used, please give an indication of the importance of the different methods (in terms of number of respondents) 
18.3.2.3 Questionnaire in national language (Annex/Link)

Link: Turizam | Državni zavod za statistiku (dzs.hr) 
18.3.2.4 Questionnaire in English (Annex/Link)

Not available
18.3.2.5 Interviewer instructions in English (Annex/Link)

Not available


18.3.3. Proxy interviews

18.3.3.1 Proxy interviews Allowed
18.3.3.2 If "Allowed" or "Only in exceptional cases", please indicate for which variables in particular proxy interviews were used (it not all questions); If 4. "Not applicable", please explain why.

All questions


18.3.4. Average interview time (The average interview time is X minutes.)

18.3.4.1 Average interview time

5 minutes
18.3.4.2 Average interview time for respondents that reported trips

Not available


18.3.5 Second survey or source
18.4. Data validation
18.4.1 Data validation

Plausibility checks are integrated in the CATI-questionnaire. During the interview the program Blaise automatically points to incorrect values, to the so-called soft (warning) and hard (error) controls. Soft controls (warnings) alert the interviewer to check out the entered data and if it is correct, he confirms it and continues with the interview, if it is incorrect, he corrects it and then continues. Hard controls (errors) alert the interviewer that he entered data that is wrong. Hard controls do not allow a continuation until the correct answer is chosen. 

A second phase of the validation is provided by methodologist. After the completion of the survey process, the methodologist checks all this fields in the questionnaire on the individual level on the basis of pre-defined logical-computational controls and changes or corrects them as needed according to the answers to other questions. Before saving data in the database, data are once again logically checked also taking into consideration Eurostat's validation rules.

Furthermore, quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year comparisons on aggregated level as well as comparisons with data on registered overnights in commercial accommodation ensure a certain quality. 
18.4.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.4.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)
18.5. Data compilation
18.5.1 Data compilation

Data range and consistency control (logical control) were performed, followed by stochastic imputation procedures.

Weighting and grossing-up procedures:

Weights of interviewed persons who have only landline phone number or only mobile phone number listed in phone book, are product of design weights, non-response weights, the poststratification weights (mobile phones), weights related to selection of interviewed person in selected households (landline phone). Composite weights are joined to interviewed persons who have both landline phone number and mobile phone number listed in phone book.

Weights at the level of individuals are adjusted using calibration procedure so that they reproduce the totals of external variables. The new weights were calibrated on the total number of persons aged 15+ by group of counties, total number of person aged 15+ by gender and age groups, according to level of education. External dana  was taken from the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Croatia in 2021 (Census 2021).

Weights of trips with commercial accommodation are adjusted using calibration procedure so that they reproduce total number of nights by type of accommodation according to regular accommodation survey conducted by the CBS in 2023.

For data processing and analysis we used SAS System® on Windows platform.
18.5.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.5.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)
18.6. Adjustment

Not applicable.


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