Statistics Poland 

Enterprises Department

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

00-925 Warszawa, al. Niepodległości 208

Quarterly business demography (QBD), the data include number of registrations and bankruptcies of legal units.

Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007) equivalent to NACE Rev.2.

Legal units with a predominant type of activity classified as, according to NACE Rev. 2, sections from B (mining and quarrying) to S (other service activities), excluding section O (public administration and defence; compulsory social security) and division 94 (activities of membership organisations).

The number of bankruptcies in a given quarter applies to legal units against which a decision on declaration of bankruptcy has been issued by a competent District Court in a given quarter.
The number of registrations in a given quarter applies to legal units that were registered in the National Official Business Register (REGON) in a given quarter.

The legal unit is both a reporting and observation unit.

Target population: in terms of NACE sections from B (mining and quarrying) to S (other service activities), excluding section O (public administration and defence; compulsory social security) and division 94 (activities of membership organisations). 

Poland

From the third quarter of 2013 on.

Not applicable

The unit of measure is "pure number" of registrations and declarations of bankruptcies.

Quarter

Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (EBS-Regulation).

Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 mentioned above.

The legal basis of Statistics Poland's responsibility for collection, processing and dissemination of statistics is the Act on Official Statistics passed on 29th June 1995 with subsequent amendments (consolidated text published in the Journal of Laws 2021 no 955). 

Data are transmitted to Eurostat.
EBS Regulation N° 2019/2152, Table 1 of the Commission implementing regulation N° 2020/1197.

All statistics collected and published by Statistics Poland are governed by the Act on Official Statistics. This Act establishes the statistical independence of Statistics Poland. Statistics Poland cannot publish, or otherwise make available to any individual or organization, statistics that would allow the identification of data for any individual person or entity.

The question of confidentiality is explained in the art. 10, 38 and 38a of the Act on Official Statistics:

Article 10. Identifiable individual data collected in statistical surveys are subject to absolute protection. Such data may only be used to prepare statistical studies, compilations and analyses, as well as to create a statistical survey sampling frame by the President of Statistics Poland; making such data available or using them for purposes other than those specified herein is prohibited (statistical confidentiality).

Article 38.
1. Identifiable unit data obtained in statistical surveys may not be published nor made available.
2. Statistical data obtained in statistical surveys that can be linked and identified as data concerning a specific natural person, as well as information and statistical data characterising economic and financial results of national economy entities conducting economic activity, may not be published nor made available if the given aggregation consists of fewer than three entities or the share of one entity in a given compilation is greater than three-fourths of the whole.
3. In the case of national economy entities, the information and statistical data referred to in sec. 2 may be published if the person authorised to represent a given entity has consented to the publication of specific data characterizing the economic and financial results of that entity.

Article 38a.
1. The President of Statistics Poland, at the request of entities referred to in Art. 25 25 sec. 1 point 9, justified by the preparation of specific programmes, forecasts and analyses, may provide these entities with identifiable unit data of public finance sector entities within the meaning of Art. 9 of the Act of 27 August 2009 on public finances.
2. The data made available in accordance with sec. 1 may be used only for the purpose indicated in the application, subject to the rules referred to in art. 38 sec. 1 and in Regulation No. 223/2009.1. Identifiable unit data obtained in statistical surveys may not be published nor made available.

Data are not confidential.

The schedule of statistical release dates: https://stat.gov.pl/en/questions-and-orders/publication-announcements/

Release calendar for news release  

The data covering quarters from Q1 2019 to Q1 2024 were published on the Statistics Poland website as news releases.
The policy provides dissemination of statistical data to all users at the same time.

Q (Quarterly)

Registrations and bankruptcies data were for the first time published as a news release at Statistics Poland Website for 1 Q 2019, the presented data covered the quarters from the 1st quarter of 2018 to the 1st quarter of 2019. Since then, the data has been released on a quarterly basis, the last published information was for the first quarter of 2024.

The data are published as news releases series "Registrations and bankruptcies of enterprises" - only in electronic form, on the Statistics Poland website.

Data are not published in on-line database. 

Not available.

The data are sent to Eurostat.

Methodological notes are included in the text of signal information "Registrations and bankruptcies of enterprises", which is available on Statistics Poland website.

According to article 3 of Act on Official Statistics - the official statistics provide reliable, objective and systematic information to the public, state authorities and public administration as well as to national economy entities about the economic, demographic, social and natural environment situation.

Documentation on procedures applied for quality management and assessment is available on the website: Quality in statistics

The legal basis of the quality measurement and assessment is the internal Regulation of the President of Statistics Poland No 35 of 28th December 2011, which came into force in the 4th quarter of 2012. The quality assessment of statistical surveys is conducted according to an annual quality programme for the public statistics which is in line with the Regulation of the President of Statistics Poland No 35 of 28th December 2011.

Procedures and rules applied in quality assessment and monitoring are based on the ESS Quality Standards, i.e. the ESS Quality Declaration, recommendations of the ESS Leadership Expert Group on Quality (LEG) and the European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP). 

Comparability of series is maintained.
Concerning timeliness and punctuality all releases are delivered on time.
Delays in publication of decisions, on the declaration of bankruptcy in the court monitor has minor influence on quarterly data accuracy.

External users:

-          Eurostat, international organisations etc.

-          Data are also widely available on the Statistics Poland website as news release.

Regular surveys related to the user's satisfaction regarding the availability and the quality of the data have not been carried out.

Full completeness. 

Delays in publication of decisions, on the declaration of bankruptcy in the court monitor have minor influence on quarterly data accuracy.

Not applicable.

Delays in publication of decisions, on the declaration of bankruptcy in the court monitor have minor influence on quarterly data accuracy.

Data are released in 40 days after the end of the reference period.

No delays of transmission of data to Eurostat.

Data comply with EBSR definitions, sole proprietors are included in the national data.

Definitions of registrations or declarations of bankruptcies did not change in the course of the period for which data are available.

When comparing data on bankruptcies and registration to data on births and deaths of enterprises, it should be noted that definitions are different.

The only reason for inclusion in the bankruptcy data is decision on declaration of bankruptcy issued by a competent District Court. On the other hand, the data on the deaths of enterprises show  amounts to the dissolution of a combination of production factors - it is not necessary to issue a decision of the court.

In registration, the very fact of registering a legal entity is important, unlike data on the establishment of an enterprise, where what matters is whether a set of production factors has been created.

In addition, data on  bankruptcies and registrations refer to legal units, while data on births and deaths refer to enterprises which may consist of one or more legal units.

Therefore, these figures cannot be directly compared and a detailed analysis of the definition of individual variable is necessary.

The aggregates are coherent with the lower level NACE activities.

Data are collected from administrative sources there is no additional burden for respondents.

Data revision policy is consistent with Eurostat recommendations (ESS guidelines on revision policy for PEEIs).
The same revision policy is applied nationally and in transmission to Eurostat.

Currently no data revision is planned.

Decisions on the declaration of bankruptcy are published in the Court Monitor (available on the Internet) and on the website of National Register of Debtors (KRZ), source of information about registrations is the National Official Business Register (REGON) – the administrative register conducted by Statistics Poland.

Quarterly data collection.

Registrations - data is extracted quarterly form the National Official Business Register (REGON).

Bankruptcies - decisions on the declaration of bankruptcy are published in the Court Monitor (available on the Internet) and on the website of National Register of Debtors (KRZ). 

Appropriate validation procedures are applied during the whole production process of statistics.

Validation is also carried out using the SDMX converter tool - provided by Eurostat.

Data on registrations does not require editing and is entered to the database and aggregated for the required breakdowns.
In the case of bankruptcy data, some characteristics are taken from the statistical business register by micro data linking based on the unique statistical ID number of the National Official Business Register or the number of the tax identification.

No adjustment was made.
Not applicable.

No further comments.