Croatian Bureau of Statistics

Statistical Business Register Department

Croatian Bureau of Statistics

Ilica 3

10000 Zagreb

Croatia

Quarterly business demography (QBD) cover data on registrations of new businesses and declarations of bankruptcies which provides data on the impact of the economic environment on business entities that are more up-to-date than traditional annual statistics on business demography. 

Statistics are based on existing administrative data.

NACE Rev. 2 classification is used.

In Croatia QBD data cover NACE Rev.2 sections B to S except section O and except division S94. 

Registrations cover the number of legal units (market oriented companies - corporations and craft businesses) registered in the Statistical Business Register during the reference month.

Bankruptcies cover the number of legal units (only incorporated units) that declared bankruptcy, by issuing a court declaration, during the reference month.

The statistics of registrations and bankruptcies include business entities operating on a market principle. Registrations are delivered for corporations and craft businesses, while the number of bankruptcies refers only to legal persons (trade companies). Free professionals are updated once a year in SBR (statistical business register) due to restrictions of data source and are not included.

Registrations in Administrative Business Register or Crafts Register which are main sources for SBR does not mean that unit willl immediately start business activity. Sometimes it takes several months or year(s) to be able to identify economic activity of business (employment or turnover). Economic activity can be identified in more complete range only on annual basis since small businesses are not required to report financial data on quarterly basis to administrative bodies except employment which is reported monthly. 

Bankruptcy is declared in Commercial Court Register and in many cases it is immediately followed with cessation (small units), but there are often cases when bankrptcy procedure last even several years during which enterprise still perform economic activity. Bankruptcy procedure can end either with continuation on economic activity or cessation of company. Enterprise death means cessation of economic activity of enterprise. Units in bankruptcy can continue to perform economic activity after they declare bankruptcy. It is much rarely but in majority of cases entering to bankruptcy means cessation of economic activity and death in the seanse of BD.       

The statistical unit used is the legal unit. 

Data on registration cover data on incorporated companies and craft businesses. 

Data on bankruptcies cover only data on incorporated companies. Self-employed persons (craft business and free profesionals) are excluded. Self-employed persons as business are very rarely subject to bankruptcy procedure and if so information is not available in administrative source used so far.

Republic of Croatia.

Time series for Registrations are available from reference year 2015 to 2023, while for bankruptcies from reference year 2017 to 2023.

Not applicable.

The unit of measure is absolute number of registered units and units who declared bankruptcy.

Reference period: quarter/month

Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics provides legal basis for the data collection.

Table 1 of the Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 defines data collection on registrations and bankruptcies.

Data set for registrations and bankruptcies are regularly transmitted to Eurostat.

There is no data sharing to other international institutions.

National legislation

The Official Statistics Act (OG No. 25/20)

European legislation

Regulation (EC) No. 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the statisical Office of the European Communities.

Not applicable.

Data are nationaly published in STS data base on CBS (Croatian Bureau of Statistics) web page. Data are published monthly, 30 days after the end of month.

In 2023 data is published according to Calendar of Statistical Data Issues.

Calendar of Statistical Data Issues

Data are released to all interested parties by publishing on the CBS’s website.

There is no prior access to data before its release.

Data are transmitted to Eurostat up to 40 days after the reference quarter/month.

National data dissemination are monthly while to Eurostat data are disseminated quarterly/monthly.

News Release is not published.

There is no specific paper publication for QBD data.

Data are published in online database https://stsbaza.dzs.hr/en

Microdata are disseminated only for scientific purposes. 

Those conditions are regulated in special regulation that can be found on the homepage  www.dzs.hr.

QBD data have been disseminated to Eurostat in pre-defined tables to be used in European aggregates. 

The transmission is done by eDAMIS using the SDMX format.

Methodology is available in 2023 STS data base - Reports (dzs.hr) in Methodology document accompanying every data set.

Quality reports are available on CBS internet website: https://dzs.gov.hr/enterprises/1000

The national quality report is available in Croatian and English.

Quality checks and validation of data are done throughout the whole process. In order to ensure the quality of results, CBS develops, produces and disseminates data based on the same standards and harmonized methods. In this respect, CBS applies the criteria of relevance, accuracy, timeliness, accessibility and clarity, comparability according to the Official Statistic Act (OG, No. 25/20).

The Model of Total Quality Management (TQM) of statistical processes and products is applied. The main tool for quality assessment and management is the quality information base that contains a basic and advanced analytical tool for comparative analysis of output quality indicators.

In accordance with the TQM, the CBS has prepared the Quality Guidelines and the Instructions on Quality according to the Generic Statistical Business Process Model - GSBPM. The quality reports are published on CBS web-site under theme dedicated to quality issues as follows:  https://dzs.gov.hr/highlighted-themes/quality/quality-reporting/quality-reports-by-statistical-domains/892

Data on registrations and bankruptcies are of very good quality. 

Registrations are daily updated in SBR from administrative sources that are original registers for certain legal forms of units. At the moment of registration, units are assigned NACE activity code. Quality of such codes can be checked only after units become active in economic sense and become part of statistical surveys.

Bankruptcies are monthly updated in SBR using data from Commercial Court Register that is competent body for issuing declaration of bankruptcy for incorporated units. Used NACE activity code is one used in the SBR in the moment of declaration of bankruptcy.

SBR data quality depend on the quality of administrative sources.

QBD data are provided to users for the satisfaction of their requests in accordance with the Dissemination Policy of CBS.

The main national users of QBD data are researchers, economic analysts, students and enterprises.

The first survey on satisfaction of users of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics was carried out in 2013, then in 2015, and the most recent one at the end of 2022. The results can be checked out on the website of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics https://dzs.gov.hr/highlighted-themes/quality/user-satisfaction-surveys/686

The data cover all the variables required by Eurostat regulations.

Data on registrations is generally of high quality, very accurate and without gaps.

Data on bankruptcies depend on the procedure in Commercial Court Register. In some cases bankruptcies are declared retroactively, so date of starting the bankruptcy procedure can fall in the previous month for which the data is allready diseminated. Such cases are very rare.

Not applicable.

Only coverage and missclassification error is applicable. Over-coverage can occur in case Commercial Court Register has annulled decision on opening the bankruptcy procedure or revised decision to liquidation instead of bankruptcy. Under-coverage can occur if Commercial Court Register has issued decision on bankruptcy procedure that is dated in the time period preceeding the reference period.

Data are natinaly published with 1 months delay from the end of the reporting period (M).

Data are transmited to Eurostat within 40 days after the reporting period.

Data are transmitted on time.

Data is comparable for all territorial units.

Data is comparable over time.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

The cost of Quarterly Business Demography data production refer to the data source control and data processing. The input data for the production of Quarterly Business Demography are taken from Statistical Business Register, there is no additional burden on the reporting units.

In the case of mistake, revised data are prepared, marked and explained to users in all publication.

The same revision practice is applied nationally and in transmission to Eurostat.

Data are published as final and are not subject to regular revisions. In case of errors which are identified after publishing data are marked and correction is explained to users in all publications.

The statistics on registrations and declared bankruptcies are based on the Statistical Business Register data. Statistical business register is updated from following sources: Administrative Business Register, Crafts Register and Commercial Court Register.

Data on registrations are transferred every day from the Register of Business Entities and the Crafts Register, and the date of registration is the date when the business entity was entered in these original registers.

Data on bankruptcies are transferred from the Commercial Court Register monthly.  The date of bankruptcy declaration is the date when the decision on initiating bankruptcy proceedings was published in the Commercial Court Register.

Data is collected and updated to SBR from administrative sources: registrations on daily basis, bankruptcies monthly. Administrative Business Register is managed by CBS and data is transfered into SBR data base using automatic IT procedures. Data on craft-business registrations in collected via web service that provide xml file with changes in the Crafts Register data base.

Data from Commercial Court Register are collected via web service that provide all tables Commercial Court Register has made available for public administration users. Queries are set to select needed data from historical tables.

Data controls are performed throught comparation between curent and same period of previous year.

The statistics on registrations and bankruptcies are obtained from processing of absolute numbers from the Statsitical Busines Register.  Absolute figures are sent to Eurostat using the SDMX converter.

There is no adjusted data.

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