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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Short Term Business Statistics Department |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) Devlet Mah.Necatibey Cad. No:114 06420 Çankaya/ANKARA |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 13/09/2021 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 13/09/2021 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 13/09/2021 |
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3.1. Data description | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Services Employment Index |
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3.2. Classification system | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NACE Rev. 2. |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The indices are calculated according to the NACE Rev. 2 economic activity classification.
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1-Employment Number of unpaid working proprietors (owners) and unpaid family workers: Unpaid working proprietors; refers to unpaid working proprietors who spend most of their time by working in an establishment. If those persons receive compensation except dividend payments for their work, they must be covered in the number of paid employees part of the questionnaire. Unpaid family workers refers to persons who live with the proprietor of the unit and work regularly for the unit, but do not receive a fixed payment for the work they perform and do not have a contract of service. It excludes family workers work regularly for another unit. 2-Hours Worked Total number of hours worked – if calculated: represents the aggregate number of hours actually worked for the output of the establishment during the reference period. Includes: - Hours actually worked during normal working hours - Time which is spent at the place of work on tasks such as preparation, cleaning of machines and equipment, maintenance, reporting - Hours paid according to the contract but not worked due to mechanic problems, accidents, professional insufficiency - Time corresponding to short periods of rest at the work place. Excludes: - Hours paid but not actually worked such as for annual leave, holidays and sick leave, strike, lockout - Meal breaks - commuting between home and work. Total working days: Number of days worked in the corresponding month. Daily average work hour: The average duration of the work for one day. The hours worked for unpaid working proprietors and unpaid family workers is estimated from the hours worked for employees. Average hours worked of employees for each activity is calculated. This calculated average hours worked is considered as the hours worked of unpaid working proprietors and unpaid family workers. 3-Gross Wages – Salaries Total of gross payments paid regularly every month to employees: Total gross payments on payroll to employees paid every month are the remuneration payable before deducting the income tax, including social security and retirement payments of workers. Total of gross payments paid irregularly not every month to employees: Payments which is made to employee, not paid regularly every month with gross bonus/premium and indemnity, social and in kind contribution etc payments, due to work, property of the work place and qualifications of worker, not paid every month certain months of year payments are including. Besides periodically certain months of year paid bonuses and premiums with every social contribution in cash to employee not paid every month are also included. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reporting unit: Enterprise. |
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3.6. Statistical population | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Full enumeration. |
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3.7. Reference area | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The whole country (Turkey) is covered. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Series of index starting from 2005. |
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3.9. Base period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2015 |
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Indices and percentage changes |
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Quarterly |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Legal basis: Turkish Statistical Law no. 5429, of 10 November 2005. |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Data are transmitted to Eurostat |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
All statistics collected and published by TURKSTAT are governed by the Turkish Statistical Law no. 5429, of 10 November 2005. |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
If the number of statistical units in any cell of the data table formed by aggregating the individual data is less than three, or if one or two of the statistical units are dominant even if the number of units is three or more, the data in the concerned cell is considered confidential. Confidential data can be published only when combined with other data so as not to allow any direct or indirect identification. All measures to prevent any illicit access, use or revelation of the confidential data shall be taken by the institutions and organisations producing official statistics. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
At the end of each year TURKSTAT publishes a release calendar providing the release dates for the coming year. This is also disseminated on TURKSTAT’s internet website (www.turkstat.gov.tr). |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
The data are released to all interested parties by issuing the news release “Trade and Services Indices”. Simultaneously, the news release is disseminated on the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) website http://www.turkstat.gov.tr. There is no internal governmental access to data before their release to the public. Series are transmitted to Eurostat at the same day with the press release. The transmission is done via EDAMIS by using GESMES coding system. |
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Quarterly |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Under the Statistical Law, any data product prepared under that law must be identified. Technical commentaries prepared by TURKSTAT accompany the press release. News release is quarterly. The news release “Labour Input Indices” are available on the TURKSTAT web site http://www.turkstat.gov.tr |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
Labour Input Indices are published quarterly in a news release via the internet and a database is available |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
Online database is available |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Not available |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Series are transmitted to Eurostat at the same day with the press release. The transmission is done via EDAMIS by using GESMES coding system. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
Methodology and sources used in statistical compilation are disseminated on the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) website (https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=istihdam-issizlik-ve-ucret-108&dil=2). |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Not available |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
All authorities that have statistical production in Turkey should obtain the necessities about quality of their data and disseminated statistical outputs within the official statistical principles according to the “Official Statistics Programme”. The Official Statistical Programme is monitored by Statistical Council of Turkey within the precidency of Turkstat. The quality assurance concerns such as the contents of statistical data, production processes and service to data users. |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
The quality of statistics is assessed according to the principles of official statistics and Board of Data Quality Control. Labour input indices are detected for criteria below; Possible deviations from the publishing calendar, and a new date is notified to the public. Comparability: All labour input indices are comparable with EU and other international regulations. Methodological studies are done with close cooperation between Eurostat. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Labour Input Indices are used by different national and international institutions and non-institutional users: Public |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
Not available |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
Data are compliant with EU Regulations. The series are available from the year 2005. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
Data source and results are regularly assessed and validated. Revisions to develop statistical process is analyzed regularly. |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
No sampling error, administrative data. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
None |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
Timeliness: Quarterly Indices of Employment, Hours Worked and Gross Wages-Salaries are released as estimates at the end of the second month following the reference quarter. . |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
The news releases are published according to the announced release calendar. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
All indices are comparable with EU and other countries. Methodological studies are done with close cooperation between Eurostat. The same statistical concepts are applied in the entire Turkish national territory. No geographical discrepancies exist. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
Data on labour input are comparable over time. When significant changes are introduced (e.g. change of classification, base year or methodology), historical time series are recalculated as far back as it is reasonably possible. Time series according to NACE Rev. 2 are available from 2005 onwards. . |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Dissemination of information that support statistical cross-checks and provide assurance of reasonableness: None Confrontation with other data sets: Results are compared with Labour Force Survey results. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
Estimates of labour input data have complete internal consistency as they are based on the same corpus of microdata and are calculated using the same methods of estimation. |
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None |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
Revision is done due to the questionnaires which are late to index calculation and the errors which are made by the data providers. For the seasonal adjusted series; |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
The news release indicates that the data are preliminary and are subject to revision. The preliminary results are final at the end of the reference year. Any major changes in methodology are announced at the time of the change and the data compiled using the revised methodology are released. |
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18.1. Source data | |||
All enterprises (full enumeration) that declare their paid employees on Social Security Institution (SSI) Monthly Premium and Service Return and Turkish Revenue Administration (TRA) Withholding Tax Return records are included in the data. |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Quarterly. |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
Administrative data. |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
Administrative data validated for statistical use using procedures for error checking. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
Type of index: Laspeyres index method (weighted) with fixed base year is used. |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
Seasonal and calendar related effects prevent observing the general tendency of data because of their temporary characteristics. Therefore, identification of seasonal patterns of short term indicators plays crucial role in order to make reliable comparisons between consecutive periods Method Used The seasonal adjustment of Labor Input Indices is carried out using TRAMO-SEATS methodology. The software that is used for the application of this method is JDemetra+ developed by the National Bank of Belgium (NBB) in cooperation with the Deutsche Bundesbank and Eurostat in accordance with the Guidelines of the European Statistical System. Seasonal Adjustment Process Seasonal and calendar adjustment process of Labor Input Indices begins at the end of each year with the identification of the models of next year. This specified model structure is kept fixed throughout the year to adjust seasonally and/or calendar effects. At the end of the year, just like the previous year, specification of econometric estimation models for the following year is done. The identified process repeats itself in a cyclical manner each year. Direct or Indirect Approach Seasonally and calendar adjusted figures of Labor Input Indices are produced by indirect approach. Firstly the three digit NACE Rev2 classification individual subseries of Employment, Gross Wages-Salaries, Hourly Labour Cost Excluding Earnings and two digit Average Hours Worked subseries are seasonally adjusted. Then these series are used to derive seasonally and calendar adjusted Employment, Gross Wages-Salaries and Hours Worked Indices as well as Hourly Labor Cost Indices in NACE Rev2 two digit subseries, letters, MIGS and sector totals. Revision Policy Seasonal adjustment procedure is subject to revisions over time because of the re-estimation of seasonal component as new observations are added. These revisions are implemented on the data of the last three years excluding the current year. Publication Adjusted data has been published in 3 different ways. “Calendar adjusted” data is derived from unadjusted data by removing calendar and holiday originated effects. Calendar adjusted data should be used in comparisons regarding the same month/period of the previous year. “Seasonally adjusted” data is derived from unadjusted data by removing effects originating from seasonal effects. Seasonally adjusted data should be used in comparisons regarding the previous month/period. If unadjusted data contains both calendar and holiday, and seasonal effects, “seasonally and calendar adjusted” data is derived by removing these effects. Seasonally and calendar adjusted data should be used in comparisons regarding the previous month/period. |
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None |
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