Reference metadata describe statistical concepts and methodologies used for the collection and generation of data. They provide information on data quality and, since they are strongly content-oriented, assist users in interpreting the data. Reference metadata, unlike structural metadata, can be decoupled from the data.
Macroeconomic Statistics Department, Producer price indices section.
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Lacplesa Street 1, Riga, LV-1010
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last certified
12 June 2025
2.2. Metadata last posted
12 June 2025
2.3. Metadata last update
12 June 2025
3.1. Data description
Services producer price indices (130201).
Services producer price indices measures the change in prices of services provided for enterprises or institutions during a certain period of time against the base period.
Services producer price indices (SPPI) are used for the estimation of Gross Domestic Product at constant prices, as well as for economic analysis.
3.2. Classification system
Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community NACE Rev. 2.
3.3. Coverage - sector
The indicator covers NACE Rev. 2 sections H (49, 50, 51, 52, 53), I (55, 56), J (58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63), L (68), M (69, 70.2, 71, 73, 74) and N (77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82).
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
The data types used to calculate SPPI are transaction prices, list prices or hourly charge-out rates. Depending on the sector either prices for services or hourly labour costs are used for the calculation of price indices. Prices of services include all discounts and recharges received by purchasers. Prices exclude value added tax, whereas include subsidies, if received. Hourly labour costs are presented by gross wage per hour and per employee.
3.5. Statistical unit
Observation unit - Kind of activity unit (KAU).
Reporting unit - enterprise.
3.6. Statistical population
Data for SPPI calculations in 2024 were obtained from the quarterly statistical reports (more than 900 respondents) on prices of services and information on hourly labour costs (approximately 2200 respondents) collected and calculated within the framework of the wages and salaries statistics (enterprise surveys + administrative data acquired with the help of CSB calculations based on the State Revenue Service information from the “Report on state social security compulsory payments from employee income, Income Tax and Business Risk State Duty during the reference month” and from “Micro-enterprise Tax Declaration”).
3.7. Reference area
Entire country.
3.8. Coverage - Time
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (49.41, 52.10, 52.24, 53, 53.10, 53.20, 58, 69.20, 80 and 81.2) are available from 2006.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (62, 63, 69.10, 70.2 and 73) are available from 2009.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (71 and 78) are available from 2015.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (HTNXK, H, 49, 50, 51, 52, I, 55, 56, J, 59, 60, 61, L, 68, M_STS, 69, 74, N, 77, 79, 81, 82) are available from 2021.
3.9. Base period
Reference (base) year (the year when the index equals 100): 2021.
Base and reference periods are the same as for national released data and for data transmitted to Eurostat.
Reference period: last quarter previous year. Chain-linking is applied.
Indices.
Quarter.
The prices collected are obtained as quarterly average prices for certain services. Hourly labour costs are obtained as an average for the quarter.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
Statistics Law adopted by Saeima on 4 June 2015, is the legal base of all statistics.
The questionnaire is adopted by the Rules of Cabinet of Minister of the Republic of Latvia No 812 of 20 December 2016.
Rules of Cabinet of Minister of the Republic of Latvia No 645 of 14 November 2023 concerning to Official Statistics Program for the 2024-2026.
The specific legal basis for the Short-term business statistics (STS) indicators is the Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics.
Followed by the Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistic.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Data are transmitted to Eurostat.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Price data provided by respondents is treated as confidential information and protected by Statistics Law.
Statistical dissemination policy defines general principles of statistical data dissemination, availability of CSB`s products and services for data users, communication with data users, cooperation with the media, availability of individual data for scientific and educational purposes.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Statistical data shall be considered confidential if they directly or indirectly allow for identification of the private individuals or State authorities regarding which personal statistical data have been provided. Confidentiality of the primary criteria: 1) the minimum number of cases, 2) the dominance criterion. Data are confidential if there are 3 or less enterprises or one enterprise accounts for more than 80% or two of them more than 90% from the aggregate. Also the data of individual enterprises or establishment are confidential.
Before the publication date and time calculated price index information is confidential.
8.1. Release calendar
Advance Release Calendar for Key Indicators and Statistics Database are available on Official statistics portal. Data are published on the date indicated at 13.00.
8.2. Release calendar access
Release calendar is available on the Official statistics portal.
8.3. Release policy - user access
Statistical information published by the CSB is simultaneously available for all data users on equal terms.
Data are transmitted to Eurostat on the same day that the data are published on the Official statistics portal.
Quarterly.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
Not available.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Not applicable.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
Information on services producer price indices is available on the Official statistics portal database under theme Economy and section Producer Prices.
Consistent time series are available since 2006.
On the Official statistics portal databases disseminates quarterly and annual time series: the reference period compared with the previous period; the reference period compared with the corresponding period of the previous year and 2021=100.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
Microdata are not disseminated and accessible for researchers.
10.5. Dissemination format - other
Information on producer price indices for services is available on the EUROSTAT homepage in section: Data/Database/Industry, trade and services/Short-term business statistics (sts)/Services (sts_os)/Service producer prices (SPPI) (sts_os_pp).
Management Systems of the Central Statistical Bureau (CSB) are certified according to requirements of ISO 9001:2015 standard "Quality management systems – Requirements" and Information security management system standard ISO/IEC 27001:2022 “Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements”.
The Quality Policy of CSB consists of the CSB's vision, mission, core values and commitment to meet the requirements, follow good practice and ensure continuous improvement.
The quality policy is designed and implemented in accordance with the CSB strategy and the action plan.
11.1. Quality assurance
The quality of statistics is assessed according to five quality criteria: relevance, accuracy, timeliness and punctuality, accessibility and clarity, coherence and comparability.
The quality indicators are calculated taking into account Eurostat defined methodology for the calculation of the Quality indicators.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
SPPI are meeting all the criteria of consistency, comparability, reliability, punctuality and timeliness. The methodology follows the recommendations of the "Methodological guide for developing producer price indices for services", published by the OECD.
If in calculations, when using corrected, revised or delayed information, significant influence of corrections (more than 0.1 percentage point) on total SPPI within a year (over corresponding quarter of previous year) is detected, the published SPPI for the previous period are corrected. The revised indices are published together with the data on the next reference period, indicating the correction.
One time in quarter relevance, accuracy and reliability, timeliness and punctuality, comparability, coherence are recorded.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
Data of services producer price indices for users are available on the Official statistics portal database. The data are updated every quarter.
If a user needs some specific information, he may contact the CSB consultant with the request on information required (level of detail, base period, etc.) and CSB staff will provide a response.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
The index for user satisfaction isn't available, but there are regular contact with the main users, in order to meet any specific information may be needed. There were no relevant complains on the SPPI.
12.3. Completeness
Statistics on services producer price indices are available on a quarterly basis and in accordance with the legal requirements.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
The accuracy is tackled at national level, by eliminating inconsistencies and errors. Data collection is based on cut-off sample and the sample is updated annually. At the end of the year CSB together with enterprises to choose the most popular services for the next year of the data collection.
Data is collected by web questionnaires, using the data validation rules. The data also are checked manually by statisticians and all questionable cases are verified. The published data are final, no first estimation are made (see also 17.1).
Response rate is reasonable (see 13.3).
13.2. Sampling error
For SPPI non–probability sampling is used (cut-off method). Sampling errors and CVs or confidence intervals are not calculated for SPPI. Cut-off threshold is 4 or more employees or base year turnover more than 100 thsd euro, stable activity and large share of the services.
The list of enterprises engaged in the price monitoring is reviewed every year, excluding from it enterprises working unsteadily and including enterprises holding significant position in the respective industry sector. Certain services for regular price registration are selected by statisticians in cooperation with the experts of sampled enterprises. The list of these services representatives is updated one a year. In 2024 approximately 3100 enterprises were included in the sample of producer prices for services and about 4450 prices are collected quarterly.
13.3. Non-sampling error
The types of non-sampling errors are not relevant:
Coverage errors - survey framework contains enterprises whose main activity is included in the activities covered by the index (see point 3.6). It is updated annually.
Data collection errors - the response rate is around 98.2%. Telephone contacts or electronic reminders are used to follow up missing responses.
Data processing errors - web questionnaires and Integrated Statistical data management system contains a validation and automatic controls, that helps to avoid processing errors.
Unit and item non-response (missing data) - in case of non –response missing values are imputed.
Size-weighted unit response rate is not calculated.
The published data are final, no first and later estimation are made.
No serious mistakes have been detected in the published data.
14.1. Timeliness
The information on Service producer price indices is published at 13:00 o’clock of local time on the 53rd - 55th working day after the reference quarter.
The information letters about questionnaires for the next year are sent to respondents at the end of the year.
The deadline for replies to questionnaires is the 8th day after the end of each reference quarter. The data collection is closed approximately on the 45th day after the reference quarter.
14.2. Punctuality
The data was published according to release calendar and sent to Eurostat at the same date when published on Official statistics portal.
Data published according to schedule.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
Services producer prices are collected across the country so that index represents the country as a whole.
15.2. Comparability - over time
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (49.41, 52.10, 52.24, 53, 53.10, 53.20, 58, 69.20, 80 and 81.2) are available from 2006.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (62, 63, 69.10, 70.2 and 73) are available from 2009.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (71 and 78) are available from 2015.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (HTNXK, H, 49, 50, 51, 52, I, 55, 56, J, 59, 60, 61, L, 68, M_STS, 69, 74, N, 77, 79, 81, 82) are available from 2021.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
The SPPI weights are derived from the same data sources as the national accounts production accounts. The national accounts use the SPPI to deflate the output of appropriate industries.
No comparison with other data sets are available.
15.4. Coherence - internal
There were no any internal data inconsistencies recognised.
The annual average burden was 1.03 hours per respondents or totally 949 hours for all enterprises in 2024. The CSB total time use for SPPI was 3538 hours per year.
17.1. Data revision - policy
CSB Revision Policy has been elaborated in accordance with the European Union and international recommendations and good practice.
The Revision Policy is the same as for national released data and for data transmitted to Eurostat.
Within the context of price statistics revisions of statistical data concern the published producer price indices may be revised in case an error is found in the calculations, or a respondent has submitted updated information for the previous period, which significantly – by more than 0.1 percentage point affects the total price index for the 12 months (m/(m - 12)).
Calculation errors affecting the result to one decimal place are corrected and the following index revisions shall be implemented immediately. The revised price indices are published together with the data for the next reporting period with an indication to the correction.
17.2. Data revision - practice
The first release is considered final.
If in calculations, when using corrected, revised or delayed information, significant influence of corrections (more than 0.1 percentage point) on specific SPPI within a year (compared to the corresponding quarter of previous year) is detected, the data published for the previous period are corrected.
MR and MAR are not calculated.
Major changes in methodology are announced on the Official statistics portal at the time the data compiled using the revised methodology are first published.
18.1. Source data
Direct statistical survey of the target sample from the selected enterprises and services.
The sample is stratified by the activity of the enterprise (NACE Rev. 2 classes). For each services sector the special sample is constructed by way of purposive sampling choosing the active enterprises with a large turnover. Within an enterprise the most representative services with high sales volume are selected for the monitoring of price trends.
The sample is updated annually.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
Data are collected quarterly.
18.3. Data collection
Questionnaire No.1-PC (quarterly) “Survey on prices of business services" is used for data collection.
The electronic reporting system is the main data collection tool (95.9%); e-mail questionnaire (4.1%) are used in data collection.
18.4. Data validation
The CSB has the main program used for data entering, processing with automatic control and validation tools - ISDMS (Integrated Statistical data management system). The data are compared with the previous period and the same period with the previous year.
A new Producer Price Index calculation system provides automated index calculation and includes processes such as data loading, validation, calculations, storage.
Standard MS Office professional software (MS Excel, MS Access) is used daily for aditional validation of services producer prices.
18.5. Data compilation
In case of non-response - the imputation methods have been applied.
Individual service indices are combined using Laspeyres type formula and base period weights to obtain higher level indices by NACE Rev. 2 classes, groups or divisions.
Laspeyres indices are calculated starting from the class level (4 digit of the NACE Rev.2) up to groups or divisions. Indices are calculated separately for each services sector.
The application of quality adjustment methods is limited. New representative services and new enterprises are introduced at the beginning of the new reference year. For the replacement of selected services the overlap method is used.
The weights are produced once a year - starting calculations for the first quarter of the reference year. Weights are calculated basing on administrative data and information from the complex report on activity (1-gada) collected and compiled by the Enterprise Structural Innovation Statistics Section. The weights used in SPPI calculations in 2024 correspond to enterprises turnover of specific kinds of activity in 2022. In order to ensure the symmetry of weight and price base periods, the weights have been recalculated into the prices of last quarter 2023.
18.6. Adjustment
The services producer price indices are neither seasonally nor working day adjusted.
No further comments.
Services producer price indices (130201).
Services producer price indices measures the change in prices of services provided for enterprises or institutions during a certain period of time against the base period.
Services producer price indices (SPPI) are used for the estimation of Gross Domestic Product at constant prices, as well as for economic analysis.
12 June 2025
The data types used to calculate SPPI are transaction prices, list prices or hourly charge-out rates. Depending on the sector either prices for services or hourly labour costs are used for the calculation of price indices. Prices of services include all discounts and recharges received by purchasers. Prices exclude value added tax, whereas include subsidies, if received. Hourly labour costs are presented by gross wage per hour and per employee.
Observation unit - Kind of activity unit (KAU).
Reporting unit - enterprise.
Data for SPPI calculations in 2024 were obtained from the quarterly statistical reports (more than 900 respondents) on prices of services and information on hourly labour costs (approximately 2200 respondents) collected and calculated within the framework of the wages and salaries statistics (enterprise surveys + administrative data acquired with the help of CSB calculations based on the State Revenue Service information from the “Report on state social security compulsory payments from employee income, Income Tax and Business Risk State Duty during the reference month” and from “Micro-enterprise Tax Declaration”).
Entire country.
Quarter.
The prices collected are obtained as quarterly average prices for certain services. Hourly labour costs are obtained as an average for the quarter.
The accuracy is tackled at national level, by eliminating inconsistencies and errors. Data collection is based on cut-off sample and the sample is updated annually. At the end of the year CSB together with enterprises to choose the most popular services for the next year of the data collection.
Data is collected by web questionnaires, using the data validation rules. The data also are checked manually by statisticians and all questionable cases are verified. The published data are final, no first estimation are made (see also 17.1).
Response rate is reasonable (see 13.3).
Indices.
In case of non-response - the imputation methods have been applied.
Individual service indices are combined using Laspeyres type formula and base period weights to obtain higher level indices by NACE Rev. 2 classes, groups or divisions.
Laspeyres indices are calculated starting from the class level (4 digit of the NACE Rev.2) up to groups or divisions. Indices are calculated separately for each services sector.
The application of quality adjustment methods is limited. New representative services and new enterprises are introduced at the beginning of the new reference year. For the replacement of selected services the overlap method is used.
The weights are produced once a year - starting calculations for the first quarter of the reference year. Weights are calculated basing on administrative data and information from the complex report on activity (1-gada) collected and compiled by the Enterprise Structural Innovation Statistics Section. The weights used in SPPI calculations in 2024 correspond to enterprises turnover of specific kinds of activity in 2022. In order to ensure the symmetry of weight and price base periods, the weights have been recalculated into the prices of last quarter 2023.
Direct statistical survey of the target sample from the selected enterprises and services.
The sample is stratified by the activity of the enterprise (NACE Rev. 2 classes). For each services sector the special sample is constructed by way of purposive sampling choosing the active enterprises with a large turnover. Within an enterprise the most representative services with high sales volume are selected for the monitoring of price trends.
The sample is updated annually.
Quarterly.
The information on Service producer price indices is published at 13:00 o’clock of local time on the 53rd - 55th working day after the reference quarter.
The information letters about questionnaires for the next year are sent to respondents at the end of the year.
The deadline for replies to questionnaires is the 8th day after the end of each reference quarter. The data collection is closed approximately on the 45th day after the reference quarter.
Services producer prices are collected across the country so that index represents the country as a whole.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (49.41, 52.10, 52.24, 53, 53.10, 53.20, 58, 69.20, 80 and 81.2) are available from 2006.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (62, 63, 69.10, 70.2 and 73) are available from 2009.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (71 and 78) are available from 2015.
The published SPPI by sectors according NACE Rev.2 (HTNXK, H, 49, 50, 51, 52, I, 55, 56, J, 59, 60, 61, L, 68, M_STS, 69, 74, N, 77, 79, 81, 82) are available from 2021.
