Statistics Poland

Enterprises Department

Statistics Poland
Al. Niepodległości 208, 00-925 Warsaw, Poland

Industrial net turnover index is applied for measuring changes in the value of revenues from sale of products, goods and materials in monthly periods with reference to the base period.

The index belongs to the short-term indicators, which describe the current economic situation and are used as a basis for economic policy decisions.

The Polish Classification of Activities (PKD 2007) based on the NACE Rev.2.

Groups and divisions of sections B to C of NACE Rev. 2.
Data cover the population of economic entities employing 10 or more persons.

Industrial net turnover includes:

• Net revenues from sale of products within the country and for export which have been manufactured by the entity (finished goods, semi-finished goods and services) as well as packaging, equipment and external services if they are invoiced to the customers together with the purchased products;
• Revenues from sale of goods and materials, i.e. current assets purchased for resale in a non-processed condition and products manufactured by the entity if they are sold in its own shops network along with goods manufactured by other producers.

The following are excluded:

• VAT invoiced to the client by the producer,
• Taxes which fall on the products and services when they leave the factory (for example excise tax).

Industrial net turnover  index is compiled with a breakdown into domestic and non-domestic net turnover.
Total net turnover and non-domestic net turnover are calculated directly from the values reported by units. Domestic net turnover is calculated as a result of deduction of non-domestic net turnover values from total net turnover values.
Definition of industrial net turnover index is compliant with Eurostat recommendations, methodological manual and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1197 as regards definitions of variables and frequency of data compilation.

Legal unit is treated as a proxy for enterprise. It is both a reporting and observation unit KAU.

The target population includes economic entities employing 10 or more persons classified to sections B to C of NACE Rev.2 (30882 entities in December 2022). The frame for identifying units for the target population is the Statistical Business Register (BJS) supported by the National Official Business Register (REGON). 

The basis for the selection of entities is their main type of activity according to the Polish Classification of Activities (PKD – equivalent of the NACE Rev. 2) and the number of persons employed.

For industrial entities employing:

• 50 or more persons - a census is conducted (in December 2022, 8331 entities were covered by the survey, out of which 7878  entities submitted the report).
• 10-49 persons - a minimum 10% sample is selected at the division level of sections B to C of NACE Rev. 2 at each NUTS 2 level (in December 2022, out of 22551 entities from this group 2528 submitted the report, i.e. about 11%).

The number of economic entities covered by the survey (in December 2022) was distributed between MIGs aggregates as follows:

• intermediate goods - 12803 entities,
• energy - 69 entities,
• capital goods - 6908 entities,
• durable consumer goods - 2301 entities,
• non-durable consumer goods –8801 entities.

The coverage rate of the target population in relation to the full scope of population in terms of turnover amounts to about 94%.

Poland and NUTS 2 level

The value of net turnover may include output of statistical units that are located abroad. The scale of this phenomenon is not estimated.

The survey on industrial net turnover dates from 2004. For years 2000-2003 data were estimated.
Since 2009 the survey is conducted according to NACE Rev. 2.
Gross time series according to NACE Rev.2 are available from 2000 for the following aggregates: Total industry, MIGs, Sections and Divisions.

Time series according to NACE Rev.2, available nationally, are not longer than those transmitted to Eurostat.

The base year is 2015.
The base year is the same as reference year and this is the year when the index equals 100 (monthly average of the base year=100).

Data are collected in thousand PLN.
Data on industrial turnover are both transmitted to Eurostat and published nationally as indices at current prices.

Month.

Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics (EBS-Regulation).

Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 mentioned above.

The legal basis of Statistics Poland's responsibility for collection, processing and dissemination of statistics is the Act on Official Statistics passed on 29th June 1995 with subsequent amendments (consolidated text published in the Journal of Laws 2021 no 955). 
Information on surveys is given in the “Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics” which exists as an annual regulation of the Council of Ministers.

Data on industrial net turnover are collected on the basis of national legal acts, i.e. the “Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics”, which fulfils requirements of EBS Regulation and General Implementing Act.

Data on industrial net turnover are transmitted only to Eurostat.

Confidential data are treated in accordance with the policy described in concept 7.1.
The following data are subject to special protection and are not disseminated:

• Data for individuals,
• Aggregates consisting the values for one or two entities,
• Aggregates with the share of one entity higher than the three-fourths of the total value in aggregate.

Data are disseminated nationally according to “Editorial Title Plan” and transmitted to Eurostat according to release calendar announced by Eurostat.

Editorial Title Plan

Article  14 point 2 of the "Act on  Official statistics" states that it shall provide equal, non-discriminatory and simultaneous access to statistical information, and especially to major figures and indicators. 
Data are released simultaneously to all users and are available on Statistics Poland's website (http://stat.gov.pl/en/) in the form of announcement.

The industrial net turnover data are regularly sent to Eurostat according to the release calendar announced to Eurostat.
Nationally, data on industrial net turnover are released in quarterly publication “Outlays and results in industry” (see concept 10.2 - Publications).

Monthly – in Eurostat.

Quarterly - nationally.

Not available.

“Outlays and results in industry” (quarterly publication)

Data on industrial net turnover are released as monthly indices, i.e. monthly average of 2015=100, corresponding month of previous year=100;
Gross data for total net turnover and non-domestic net turnover on the level of total industry (NACE sections B to E).

Data are not published in on-line database. 

No micro-data access.

Data are sent to Eurostat both to be used in European aggregates as well as to be released as national data.

Data transmitted to Eurostat cover NACE sections B and C

Documentation on methodology available on Statistics Poland's website (http://stat.gov.pl/en/):

• Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics (in Polish),
• Explanatory notes to the monthly questionnaire on economic activity DG-1 (in Polish),
• Methodological notes in the quarterly bulletin – “Outlays and Results in Industry” (Polish/English) 
  

According to article 3 of Act on Official Statistics - the official statistics shall ensure reliable, objective and systematic information for the society, the state and public administration bodies and economic entities.

Documentation on procedures applied for quality management and assessment is available on the website: Quality in statistics

The legal basis of the quality measurement and assessment is the internal Regulation of the President of Statistics Poland No 35 of 28th December 2011, which came into force in the 4th quarter of 2012. The quality assessment of statistical surveys is conducted according to an annual quality program for the official statistics which is in line with the Regulation of thePresident of Statistics Poland No 35 of 28th December 2011.

Procedures and rules applied in quality assessment and monitoring are based on the ESS Quality Standards, i.e. the ESS Quality Declaration, recommendations of the ESS Leadership Expert Group on Quality (LEG) and the European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP). The quality of statistical surveys  is evaluated by means of standard quality reports and quality indicators recommended in the ESS Handbook for Quality Reports as well as by self-assessment checklist and quality audits and reviews.

The quality of statistical surveys  is evaluated by means of standard quality reports and quality indicators recommended in the ESS Handbook for Quality Reports as well as by self-assessment checklist and quality audits and reviews.

Quality review of the monthly survey (DG-1), which is the data source for most STS indicators, was conducted in 2022.

A quality report was elaborated on the basis of standard quality procedures recommended in the ESS Handbook for Quality Reports.

The quality of the monthly survey was described by means of standard quality indicators characterizing the following quality aspects: relevance, accuracy and reliability, timelines and punctuality, comparability and coherence.

Relevance is maintained every year while drafting the Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics”. 
In terms of accuracy and reliability there are a negligible non-sampling errors.
Concerning timeliness and punctuality all releases are delivered on time immediately after they are prepared.
Comparability of series is maintained geographically and over time. 
Coherence is observable with other cross domain surveys, quarterly and annually.

User needs are systematically monitored and taken into consideration while drafting the Statistical Survey Program of Official Statistics” for the next year. The organs of the state power, government and self-government administration, organizations of employers and other institutions, provide opinions on statistical surveys and recommend implementation of the new ones.
Data users, e.g. universities, research institutes, enterprises or individuals may indicate their needs by data inquiries and orders. 
Classification of national data users with an indication of their importance for official statistics, taking into account the purpose of data usage, is the following:

1. Key users – government and self-government administration, National Central Bank, Polish Financial Supervision Authority;
2. Important users – research institutes, universities, organizations of employers, enterprises, insurance institutions, media;
3. Other users – social organizations, professional self-government, economic self-government, trade unions, students, individuals.

User satisfaction survey was conducted at the end of 2013. The survey covered the following data users: government and self-government administration, National Central Bank, Polish Financial Supervision Authority, research institutes, universities, organizations of employers, enterprises, insurance institutions, media, social organizations, professional self-government, economic self-government, trade unions, students, individuals.
User satisfaction survey was carried out via internet. For this purpose, an electronic questionnaire was elaborated and was placed on Statistics Poland's server. Questions included in the questionnaire have been adjusted to all data users mentioned above and they comprised, among others, the following issues:

• General information on using statistical data (which data were used, how often and for what purpose),
• Assessment of data availability, transparency, timelines, comparability and level of details,
• Evaluation of services provided by Statistics Poland and assessment of the internet website www.stat.gov.p/en,
• Assessment of statistical metadata (methodology, glossaries, classification applied, etc.),
• Users' needs and expectations concerning disseminated statistics and offered services,
• General assessment of statistics (according to the European Statistics Code of Practice).

The report on user satisfaction is available on Statistics Poland's website (in Polish).

The completeness of data corresponds with requirements of the EBS Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics, Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 and short-term methodological manual.

There are negligible non-sampling errors concerning coverage, measurement and non-response.

Improvement actions taken include increasing registry updates, careful logical and accounting controls and constant contact with the reporting units.
Data on industrial net turnover are treated as ‘final’ when they are first released.

There is an exhaustive survey for economic entities employing 50 or more persons. 
Purposive sample is used for economic entities employing 10-49 persons.

Industrial enterprises employing (in December 2022):

• 50 or more persons – included in an exhaustive strata (8331 entities);
• 10-49 persons – observed by a minimum 10% sample survey (2528 entities out of 22551 units in target population).

There are negligible non-sampling errors concerning coverage, measurement and non-response.
Improvement actions taken include: increasing registry updates, careful logical and accounting controls, analysis of the reasons for non-response and constant contact with the reporting units in order to increase the rate of response (telephone or e-mail follow-up of non-respondents).
 In September 2022 the response rate for economic entities employing 50 or more persons was about 94%, for entities employing 10-49 persons (a minimum 10% sample survey) – about 2490 entities submitted report (out of 22497 entities in target population).
Data on industrial net turnover are treated as ‘final’ when they are first released.

Industrial net turnover index is compiled mainly to meet requirements of EBS Regulation 2019/2152 and GIA 2020/1197.
The index is transmitted to Eurostat according to Release Calendar, i.e. up to 30 days after the end of reference month.

Nationally, monthly industrial net turnover is published only in quarterly bulletin "Outlays and results in industry” two months after a quarter.
Timeliness is the same for all available aggregation levels of industrial turnover.

100% releases delivered on time according to the scheduled release dates.

The same statistical concepts and classifications are applied in the entire national territory.

Data on industrial net turnover are comparable over time. When significant changes are introduced (e.g. change of classification, base year or methodology), historical time series are recalculated as far back as it is reasonably possible.
Time series according to NACE Rev. 2 are available from 2000 onwards.

Results of the monthly industrial net turnover are compared with the results of the monthly survey of sold production of industry or with the quarterly financial results and with annual data.
All units covered with the short-term survey report data on the same monthly questionnaire, which is used for collecting data for net turnover and other short-term indicators, e.g. industrial production, new orders, employment as well as wages and salaries. It enables to compare the results between these indicators. 

The higher aggregates for industrial net turnover are consistent with their main sub-aggregates because the data on industrial net turnover are compiled on the basis of the value of turnover and the higher aggregation levels are obtained by summing up absolute values from lower aggregation levels.

Cost of the NSI –  4813 hours annually.
Burden of respondents – 5022 hours annually.

Data revision policy is consistent with Eurostat recommendations (ESS guidelines on revision policy for PEEIs). According to these recommendations, notice about major changes, e.g. in classification, methodology or base year, is provided in advance of the change. Notice about minor changes is given at the time the change is introduced.

The same revision policy is applied to data released nationally and transmitted to Eurostat.

The industrial net turnover index is regularly revised every 5 years when the base year changes as well as once a year due to calendar adjustment In 2018 time series from 2000 were recalculated for the base year 2015=100.

The source of data is statistical survey covering economic entities with 10 and more persons employed.
The frame on which the source is based is the Statistical Business Register (BJS) supported by the National Official Business Register (REGON).
The survey is conducted on the basis of sample of economic entities with 10-49 persons employed and census of entities employing 50 or more persons.
The sample of economic entities with 10-49 persons employed is selected at the NUTS 2 level and for Sections and Divisions of NACE Rev.2.

Industrial economic entities employing (in December 2022):

• 50 or more persons – included in an exhaustive strata (8331 entities);
• 10-49 persons – observed by a minimum 10% sample survey (2528 entities out of 22551 entities in target population).

The sample is established once a year and it is regularly updated during the year.

Monthly.
Collected data refer to the full reference period.

A single monthly questionnaire on economic activity (DG-1) is used for all respondents covered by the survey;

The questionnaire covers, among others, the following information:

• Revenues from sale of own products (goods, services) – of which non-domestic (of which euro-area);
• Value of manufactured products not categorized as sale, but included in sales;
• Revenues from sale of merchanted goods (resale) – of which non-domestic (of which euro-area);
• Persons employed;
• Average paid employment;
• Gross wages and salaries;
• Retail sale and wholesale;
• Excise tax;
• Product subsidies received;
• New orders – of which non-domestic (of which euro-area).

Data on industrial net turnover are collected both for reporting month as well as for accrued period (cumulative data from January to the end of the reporting month). In accrued data, reporting units include possible revisions for the previous periods, which does not have an impact on the real level of the turnover value in reporting month.

All data collection is done by electronic questionnaire. Non-response is monitored by means of the completeness reports.
Dissemination of electronic questionnaire in the Reporting Portal for reporting units — until the 5th working day after the end of the reference month; reminding the reporting units over the phone or e-mail that they have not completed the questionnaire — on the 6th working day after the end of the reference month.

Appropriate validation procedures are applied during the whole production process of statistics, and they are in line with rules provided by Eurostat, i.e. starting from selection of respondents to compiling indices and transmission to Eurostat.
Data validation system incorporates many tools for data control, estimation and imputation, e.g. program procedures applied for error checking and detailed reports on data completeness helpful in analysis of non-response.
Validation procedures are applied on the level of individual respondents and on aggregated level as well as before data transmission to Eurostat.

Data validation on the level of individual respondents is based on:

• Special program procedures used for errors checking when data are inserted to the system (logical-computing control) –  these procedures help to avoid errors at the stage of data collection what is essential for final data results.

• Information given by an unit on the reasons of substantial difference in the level of data reported in the current period as compared to the equivalent data for the previous period (e.g. cancellation of all previously-issued invoices, correction of invoices, reducing/increasing the number of orders, employee dismissals).

In the case of any doubts about data correctness there is a direct contact with an unit in order to explain outliers.

Data validation on aggregated level is conducted both by the Regional Statistical Office responsible for the survey as well as by the authorial departments of Statistics Poland. The quality of aggregated data is monitored at least on three-digit level of NACE Rev.2 and on NUTS 2 level. Both the values and dynamics are compared with previous month and corresponding month of the previous year. Any discrepancies are scrutinized before dissemination of national indices.
Validation procedures are also performed before data transmission to Eurostat. The structured data files in SDMX format are created and data assigned to the codes are checked in detail. In case of significant data revisions, for example when the base year changes, the whole time series are submitted to validation procedure.   

The most of STS indicators are surveyed on the same monthly questionnaire (DG-1) what means that validation procedures are quite consistent.

After validation of data reported by industrial economic entities, the data for non-respondents are estimated on the basis of their responses from previous periods.

In order to obtain data for the whole population of industrial economic entities employing 10 and more persons, grossing-up is done on the basis of reporting data collected from all entities employing 50 or more persons and from the sample of entities employing 10-49 persons.
Grossing-up is done on the basis of employment and labour productivity at the NUTS 2 level and Division level of NACE Rev. 2. Grossed up results are used to compile indices.

Data on industrial net turnover are collected at current basic prices and then grossed-up from the sample to the population level. The higher aggregation levels are calculated by summing up values at current prices. The simple value index is compiled (monthly average of the base year=100, previous month=100, corresponding period of previous year=100)

Type of adjustment: calendar adjustment, no seasonal adjustment

Level of detail: sections, divisions, MIGs;

Program JDemetra+, TRAMO/SEATS method

Methodology of adjustment:

• regARIMA, 1 or 6 regressors connected with the changing number of working days in a week resulting from national holidays,
• leap year effect (if relevant),
• Easter effect (if relevant),
• outliers (AO, LS, TC) with automatic detection supported by additional analysis and a priori knowledge.
• automatic model selection with additional non-automatic verification of problematic cases,
• additive or multiplicative decomposition,
• direct adjustment of aggregates.

Revisions:

• model updated once a year including revision of historical data,
• monthly observations presented with revision 1 month backwards.

Not applicable