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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Statistical Service of Cyprus (Cystat) |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Industrial Statistics Unit |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Michael Karaoli str., 1444 Nicosia, Cyprus |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 12/06/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 12/06/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 12/06/2023 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
Industrial Turnover Index, split to domestic (local) and non-domestic (export) market. |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
NACE Rev. 2, Main Industrial Groupings (MIGs). |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
Sections B to E. All size classes are covered. |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
There are no discrepancies with the definition of variables laid down in the Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197. |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
The observation and the reporting unit is the enterprise. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
Enterprises classified in NACE Rev. 2 Sections B to E number 5.319 units (in 2015). |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
Republic of Cyprus. Activities outside the reference area are not included in the data. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
The Turnover Index is compiled as from 1999. The length of the series in Cystat database and in the Eurostat database is as from 2000. |
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3.9. Base period | |||
Base year 2015. |
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Index (2015=100) |
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Month |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Article 3 of the national Official Statistics Law, No. 25(I) of 2021 defines the functions of the Statistical Service of Cyprus regarding the production and dissemination of official statistics. Moreover, Article 13, explicitly stipulates the mandate for data collection and introduces a mandatory response to statistical enquiries by stipulating the obligation of respondents to reply to surveys and provide the data required. This relates not only to national but also to European statistics which, by virtue of Article 8 of the said Law, are incorporated in the annual and multiannual programmes of work without any further procedure. The legal basis for the short-term statistics is the European Business Statistics (EBS) Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 on 27 November 2019, followed by the Commission Implementing Regulation 2020/1197 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to the mentioned EBS Regulation (General Implementing Act). The former legal basis for the STS indicators is the Council Regulation No 1165/98 of 19 May 1998 concerning short-term statistics and subsequent amending regulations. |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Apart from Eurostat, the indices are not transmitted to any other international organisations. |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Official statistics are released in accordance to all confidentiality provisions of the following:
Links to all of the above documents:
https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/StaticPage?id=1074
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-manuals-and-guidelines/-/KS-32-11-955
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
No data is considered confidential at the level published. The treatment of confidential data is regulated by CYSTAT's Code of Practice for the Collection, Publication and Storage of Statistical Data. The link is as follows: https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/StaticPage?id=1066 |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
In the framework of its mission, CYSTAT provides high-quality statistical information, through the web portal and social media, with the use of statistical products such as announcements, interactive tables, predefined tables, metadata, infographics and publications. The principles and the legal framework governing the dissemination of official statistical data are defined and explained in the document “Dissemination Policy”. The means of dissemination, the main statistical products and the services provided to the users, are also presented. Additionally, the document describes the procedures for data revision and error treatment. The link is as follows: Dissemination Policy of the Statistical Service of Cyprus (cystat.gov.cy) An annual release calendar is prepared and forwarded to Eurostat. At national level, a release calendar with preliminary dates for the next four months is published at the new web portal. Announcements are confirmed on the Friday preceding their release. Notifications about the dissemination of statistics are published in the release calendar, which is available on the new CYSTAT web portal. The annual release calendar, announced during the 4th quarter of the year, includes provisional dates of publication for the following year, which are finalised the week before publication. |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
The release calendar published at national level can be found at: https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/AnnouncementList |
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
As provided in article 4(1) of the Official Statistics Law (Law No. 25(I)/2021) regarding the principle of impartiality, statistics are disseminated in such a way that all users have equal and simultaneous access to the data. The index is also transmitted to Eurostat at the level required by the STS Regulation. Also, according to the Dissemination and Pricing Policy of the Statistical Service of Cyprus (section 2.3) CYSTAT΄s main channel for dissemination of statistics is the website, which offers the same conditions to everyone and is updated at the same time every working day (12:00 noon). Privileged pre-released access (of no more than 1 day in advance) has been granted to a few selected users for specific statistics. These are specified in the Dissemination Policy (section 2.3). In addition to the annual release calendar, users are informed of the various statistical releases through the “Alert” service provided by CYSTAT. Link to the Dissemination and Pricing Policy of the Statistical Service of Cyprus can be found at:https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/StaticPage?id=1064. |
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Monthly. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
There is a regular monthly news release accompanied the data. A set of Predefined Tables available in Excel format is disseminated on a monthly basis on the new Cystat web portal. The Predefined Tables include data up to the fourth quarter of 2022. Data from the first quarter of 2023 onwards, are available only in the CYSTAT-DB Online Database. The index is presented in gross form only, broken down by activity (of NACE Divisions aggregates). Link to the news release:https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/AnnouncementList |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
The indices are published in the annual yearbook “Statistical Abstract” available on Cystat website. |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
CYSTAT-DB is the online database of the Statistical Service of Cyprus. It gives users the ability to produce the desired table, to format the presentation, to edit and make calculations and to save it in any form available. Additionally, requests can be saved and used at a later stage to get the updated table with the latest available statistics. It is an interactive tool, providing the possibility to create customized tables for the industrial indices. CYSTAT-DB can be accessed from the home page or alternatively from the pages of statistical sub-themes. Data on Industrial Turnover Index from the first quarter of 2023 onwards, are available only in the CYSTAT-DB Online Database. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
There is no microdata access to outside users. Under the provisions of the Statistics Law, CYSTAT may release microdata for the sole use of scientific research. Applicants have to submit the request form "APPLICATION FOR DATA FOR RESEARCH PURPOSES" giving thorough information on the project for which micro-data are needed.The application is evaluated by CYSTAT’s Confidentiality Committee and if the application is approved, a charge is fixed according to the volume and time consumed for preparation of the data. Micro-data may then be released after an anonymisation process which ensures no direct identification of the statistical units but, at the same time, ensures usability of the data. The link for the application is as follows: https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/DataRequestContactForm?fid=7 |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Indices are transmitted to Eurostat to be used in calculating European aggregates and to be released as national data. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
A methodological note is available at: https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/KeyFiguresList?s=39 |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Not available. |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
The quality of statistics in CYSTAT is managed in the framework of the European Statistics Code of Practice which sets the standards for developing, producing and disseminating European Statistics as well as the ESS Quality Assurance Framework (QAF). CYSTAT endorses the Quality Declaration of the European Statistical System. In addition, CYSTAT is guided by the requirements provided for in Article 11 of the Statistics Law No. 25(I) of 2021 as well as Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics, which sets out the quality criteria to be applied in the development, production and dissemination of European statistics. Links to all of the above documents:
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-manuals-and-guidelines/-/KS-32-11-955
https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/StaticPage?id=1074
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
The quality of statistics is assessed according to the following quality criteria: relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, accessibility and clarity, coherence and comparability. The quality indicators are assessed taking into account Eurostat defined methodology and recommendations. On the basis of the above criteria, the indicator is assessed as being of good quality. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Eurostat, media, researchers, enterprises, industrial federations, trade unions, the national Central Bank, national accounts. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
A user satisfaction survey is carried out on an annual basis since 2008 (with the exception of 2010, 2013 and 2020) but is not specific to short-term indicators. It does not allow for adequate conclusions to be made on this specific indicator. The results of the surveys are available on the new web portal of the Statistical Service at the link attached below. Overall, there is a high level of satisfaction of the users of statistical data published by CYSTAT. The results of Cystat's user satisfaction survey can be found at: https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/StaticPage?id=1144 |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
The data are transmitted to Eurostat at the level of detail required by the EBS Regulation. They are also published at national level at NACE Divisions aggregates. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
The Industrial Turnover Index is mainly based on a sample survey, so errors from sampling are likely to occur. Coverage errors, measurement errors, non-response errors, processing errors are considered to be small but nevertheless actions are undertaken to reduce these different types of errors as much as possible. Estimations are made for enterprises that provide data on a quarterly basis. The estimation is being made using enterprises' previous month’s and last year’s data. These estimates are replaced as soon as the enterprises submit their quarterly VAT declarations. The overall accuracy of the indicator is assessed as satisfactory since it does not appear to differ significantly from the SBS data. |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
There are around 650 enterprises in the sample. The weights used for the index are based on the turnover derived from the SBS survey of the base year. Enterprises with turnover more than 1,7mn euros and with employment size group 20 and more are fully covered. A sample is drawn for the rest. No estimate of the sampling error is calculated, but this is perceived to be small. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Non-sampling error is not quantified, but is considered to be small. Cystat tries to reduce non-sampling error through continuous methodological improvements and survey process improvements. In particular,
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
The index is disseminated to Eurostat two months after the end of the reference month and is published nationally at around t+65 days after the end of the reference period. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
Both Eurostat and national deadlines are respected. All releases are delivered on time, based on the scheduled release dates. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
The EBS Regulation and the EBS methodological guidelines are applied, therefore it is possible to compare the national index with that of other European countries. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
Indices are comparable over time. When significant changes are introduced (e.g. change of classification, base year, methodology), historical time series are recalculated as far back as it is reasonably possible. Time series according to NACE Rev. 2 classification are available from 2005 onwards. There are no breaks in series. |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
The trend is compared with other indicators such as the Industrial Production Index, the Number of Persons Employed, Hours Worked and Gross Wages and Salaries in Industry. When SBS data become available, these are compared at an enterprise level with the yearly averages of the values reported monthly for the index; when discrepancies are identified, these reporting units are being contacted and the reason is sought. If necessary, appropriate amendments are made. Most of the times discrepancies are the result of more up to date information being available. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
The data are internally consistent. |
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No cost and burden exercise has been recently performed. |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
There is a formal revision policy at Cystat. Cystat publishes its Revision Policy on its web portal Revision Policy (cystat.gov.cy) describing the general rules and principles governing the procedure of revising data published by Cystat. The policy is based on the guidelines of the European Statistical System (ESS) regarding revision policies for Principal European Economic Indicators, also taking into account the Quality Assurance Framework of the ESS and the European Statistics Code of Practice. CYSTAT also publishes a list of scheduled revisions (regular or major revisions), also published on its web portal at: https://www.cystat.gov.cy/en/AnnouncementList. The same practice is applied both to data released nationally and to data transmitted to Eurostat. When revised data are transmitted to Eurostat, these are flagged accordingly and accompanied by the necessary explanations. Furthermore, CYSTAT has set its strategic goal to provide high-quality statistical information in an objective, transparent, reliable and timely manner. CYSTAT consider quality to be its main advantage in a world experiencing a growing trend of instant information which often lacks the necessary proof of quality. In order to realise strategic goals it is imperative to establish policies which ensure that an organisation is moving towards the right direction. For this reason, CYSTAT establishes the "Quality Policy" which forms the basis of all statistical activities and leads towards continuous improvement of its statistical output. |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
Routine revisions are carried out by Cystat in order to improve disseminated provisional figures in a way that important information is published as promptly as possible and the number of such revisions is kept to the minimum over a given period of time. Major revisions are backwards implemented for the complete time-series or up to the point where it is feasible and are coordinated across statistical domains. Major revisions are well documented and made public, with an explanation of the reasons for the revision. When published statistical data are provisional, this is indicated both in the text and the relevant tables. When revised data are disseminated by Cystat, they are appropriately flagged both in the text and the relevant tables and are accompanied by explanatory notes, if needed. When the revisions are major, non-regular or non-scheduled, the explanatory notes contain information explaining the reasons for revising the data and, where relevant, new methodologies or new sources. Also, Cystat carries out regularly an analysis of the revised data at statistical domain level, in order to assess and improve the quality of provisional figures published and the overall revisions procedure When publishing the Industrial Turnover Index, data on the previous months may be revised, primarily as a result of updated information received from the responding units. Both routine and major revisions are pre-announced and are included in Cystat's revision calendar, available on its website. Also, extraordinary/non-scheduled revisions are made public without delay, with all the necessary explanations. In cases of errors, the procedure for error treatment is followed, as described in CYSTAT's Dissemination and Pricing Policy. |
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18.1. Source data | |||
Several sources are used to compile the Index. These are:
The sample size consists of around 650 enterprises. The sample is updated every 5 years with the change of base year. In special cases such as deaths/births of significant enterprises, the sample may be again updated appropriately. Specifically, in manufacturing, enterprises are ranked by turnover (2015 SBS data) at group level. All enterprises with turnover greater than EUR 1.7 million are included in the sample. Enterprises having a turnover lower than EUR 1.7 million are classified in 4 strata according to employment, as follows: - 20 or more persons employed; - 10 to 19 persons employed; - 2 to 9 persons employed; - 0 to 1 persons employed; Enterprises in the first employment stratum are selected exhaustively, while samples are drawn from the other three strata. For manufacturing and for materials recovery a sample is selected at the Division level. For mining and quarrying, electricity and water the survey is exhaustive. |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Monthly |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
The majority of the enterprises are contacted by telephone, e-mail or fax. There exists close co-operation with the data providers so as to ensure high quality of the data. All enterprises are contacted as many times as necessary in order to get the data on time. Administrative data is also provided directly to Cystat. |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
Standard MS Office professional software (MS Excel) is used for the compilation of the index. The data is checked when it arrives before any further actions. Plausibility checks are made, for instance on the number of observations and range of variable values. Particular attention is given to outlier observations. Contacts with enterprises are performed for verification of data, where necessary. Before the transmission to Eurostat, the structure of the data file and format is checked in detail. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
A volume Laspeyres index is compiled, with a fixed base year. In manufacturing, value relatives are calculated for each enterprise. These are combined by weighting the relative for each enterprise within a single activity according to its turnover. These indices at the class level are combined into indices for each group and higher levels of NACE (including MIGs) using turnover of the base year as the weight. For electricity, a simple index is compiled from the turnover of a single enterprise. Weights are calculated based on the turnover in the base year (derived from the SBS survey). |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
JDemetra+, version 2.2.3
Generally, automatic selection is used but, quite often, manual selection is necessary in cases when the automatic selection does not produce well fitted models.
Systematically, models are re-estimated when the final gross data of the previous year are available. Also, models are re-estimated in case of multiannual gross data revisions. Parameters can be re-estimated more frequently in cases the model does not provide a good fit.
Seasonally adjusted time series are revised with each new period back to the first reference date.
Automatic decomposition is used. For the components of the Index with positive values, the decomposition is always multiplicative. For series with zero values, it is a case-by-case treatment.
Models may change at least once a year and vary among the different components of each Index. Some of the ARIMA models used for the various series of this Index are: [(0,1,1)(0,1,1)], [(1,1,1)(0,1,1)], [(1,0,0)(0,1,1)], [(0,1,1)(0,0,0)], etc.
3.5
TRAMO-SEATS method (therefore there is no filter, question not applicable) is used.
There are no seasonal breaks.
No, we use direct adjustment, adjusting the aggregate and the components independently.
Residual seasonally is checked for all levels. The direct adjustment method is used.
In the direct adjustment method, the different levels of breakdown do not need to be consistent. In the choice between no residual seasonality and level consistency, our choice is to provide good quality seasonally adjusted series without residual seasonality.
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No additional comments. |
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