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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Statistical Finland
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Economic Statistics |
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1.5. Contact mail address | FI-00022 Statistics Finland |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 04/05/2023 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 04/05/2023 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 04/05/2023 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
Structural business statistics (SBS) describes the structure, conduct and performance of economic activities, down to the most detailed activity level (several hundred economic sectors). SBS covers all activities of the non-financial business economy with the exception of agricultural activities and personal services. Limited information is available on banking, insurance and pension funds. Main characteristics (variables) of the SBS data category:
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3.2. Classification system | |||
Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE): NACE Rev.1 was used until 2001, NACE Rev. 1.1 since 2002, and NACE Rev 2 is used from 2008 onwards. Key data were double reported in NACE Rev.1.1 and NACE Rev.2 for 2008. From 2009 onwards, only NACE Rev.2 data are available. The regional breakdown of the EU Member States is based on the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS). Detailed information about the consecutive NUTS Regulations can be found at Eurostat's website The product breakdown is based on the Classification of Products by Activity (CPA) as stated in the Regulation establishing CPA 2008 and its amending Commission Regulation (EU) No 1209/2014 (from reference year 2015 onwards) |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
The SBS coverage was limited to Sections C to K of NACE Rev.1.1 until 2007. Starting from the reference year 2008 data is available for Sections B to N and Division S95 of NACE Rev.2. With 2013 as the first reference year information is published on NACE codes K6411, K6419 and K65 and its breakdown. |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
The statistical characteristics are defined in Annex I of Commission Regulation (EC) No 250/2009 |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
The provisions of Regulation 696/93 are partly implemented in the area of SBS according to Regulation 295/2008 The Series 1G and 1D are still based on a legal unit. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
The statistical population is taken from the business register. All Nace sections are covered in national statistics. Data published by Eurostat includes Nace sections B to N excluding K642, K643, K649 and K66. Market producers that have operated for at least 6 months during the statistical year and meet at least one of the size limits are counted as statistical units. Enterprise meets the size limits if it has turnover of over EUR 11 968, personnel of over 0.5 personyears, investments of over EUR 50 000 or over EUR 170 000 on their balance sheet. Branches of foreign enterprises are included in the data if the branches are registered in Finland. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
Finland (including NUTS) |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Based on legal units: 1996 – 2020 Based on enterprise units: 2017-2020 |
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3.9. Base period | |||
A Year |
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Ratios are expressed in percentages. |
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2020 The data refers to fiscal year. |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
Year 1995 was the first year for the implementation of the Council Regulation No 58/97 (SBS Regulation). The Council Regulation No 58/97 has been amended three times: by Council Regulation No 410/98, Commission Regulation No 1614/2002 and European Parliament and Council Regulation No 2056/2002. As a new amendment of the basic Regulation it was decided to recast the Regulation No 58/97 in order to obtain a new "clean" legal text. The European Parliament and Council Regulation No 295/2008 was adopted on 14/02/2008 and the provisions of this Regulation are applicable from the reference year 2008. Regulation No 295/2008 has been amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 446/2014.
National statistical law. |
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
Not applicable |
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
Confidentiality policy is based on the basic statistical law. |
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
Confidentiality rules |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
We have national release calendar: https://stat.fi/en/future-releases |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
Structural business and financial statement statistics: https://stat.fi/en/statistics/yrti#calendar
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8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Yes, to the public |
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Annual |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Structural business and financial statement statistics: https://stat.fi/en/statistics/yrti#pastPublications (two times a year) Regional statistics on entrepreneurial activity: https://stat.fi/en/statistics/alyr#pastPublications (once a year) |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
Printed publications: Statistical yearbook https://stat.fi/en/statistics/yrti#pastPublications
https://stat.fi/en/statistics/alyr#pastPublications The publications are available in Finnish, Swedish and English |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
The national on-line database have been published. Two times a year: Structural business and financial statement statistics: https://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__yrti/?tablelist=true Once a year: Regional statistics on entrepreneurial activity: https://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__alyr/?tablelist=true |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Only available for researchers with license |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
The data are sent to Eurostat, either to be used in European aggregates or to be released also as national data. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
Structural business and financial statement statistics: https://stat.fi/en/statistics/documentation/yrti (available in finnish, swedish and english) Regional statistics on entrepreneurial activity: https://stat.fi/en/statistics/documentation/alyr (available in finnish, swedish and english) |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
The following is only available in Finnish Regional statistics on entrepreneurial activity: http://www.stat.fi/til/alyr/laa.html |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
Specific tool (InputHall) maintained by Eurostat for validation of SBS-series.
The quality management framework of the field of statistics is the European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP). The quality criteria of Official Statistics of Finland are compatible with the European Statistics Code of Practice. Further information: Quality management | Statistics Finland (stat.fi)
The quality of the structural business and financial statement statistics is examined as the data accumulate. At aggregate level, the data are compared with the previous year and the most significant changes are examined. Coherence analyses to short term statistics are also carried out. |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
We have comprehensive administrative data at our disposal, thus the quality is good.
The top management of SF has made several self-assessments in line with the EFQM model. There have also been external audits by e.g. the EU and IMF experts. Processes are in place to monitor the quality of the statistical process and the processes of individual statistics. Quality considerations are an integral part of the planning and evaluation of the statistical programme. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Main users of the data are We provide additional variables based on balance sheet information |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
Co-operation between SF and important users with regard to the relevance of statistics and the users’ needs consists of an extensive feedback system and co-operative working groups with the main users, such as users of national accounts. There are regular meetings of SF directors and experts with the users, even at the senior management level. Users are usually also invited to participate in discussions concerning the establishment of new statistics or revisions of existing ones.In addition, there are specific feedback systems for receiving the users’ opinions at SF. These systems consist of an anonymous feedback channel on the web, media monitoring, surveys among different user groups for the evaluation SF’s performance, user surveys (every second year, latest in 2015), and a system for collecting and disseminating information that is strategically important for SF. Specific statistical products conduct their own user surveys and keep in regular contact with their main interest groups. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
We are providing all the relevant data required by SBS regulations.
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
The main source of errors is non-response |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
Not relevant because total data is available. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
The influence of non-sampling error is small. The unit non-response are imputed based on nearest neighbour with distance measure. The recorded unit non-response rate: Low The bias of the estimate: Small bias Coverage error: Almost none Out of scope units: For the reference year 2020 the business Register annual Quality Control Survey covered 1411 legal units. The response rate was 64,4 percent. Based on the survey results 3 percent were found to be misclassified (5-digit level). |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
National level / statistical year 2020 Data-collection deadline 11/2021 Dissemination deadline 9/2021 (preliminary data) |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
Data transmitted on time. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
Fully comparable geographically |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
Based on legal units: Length of comparable time series: 2013-2020
Based on enterprise units: 2017-2020 |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
- Number of enterprises, number of persons employed, number of employees in Business register - Number of enterprises, number of persons employed, number of employees in Business demography - Production value of Prodcom - Value added of national account - Evolution of turnover and persons employed from short term statistics - Business services (turnover in Annex VIII versus Annex I)
The inconsistencies are evaluated as part of the manual editing process of statistics
Description of coherence: Coherence between Business register and SBS is good. Between other statistics especially short term statistics there are partly uncoherence. Explanation of differences: Differences are caused by differences in statistical target population |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
The aggregates are always consistent with their main sub-aggregates |
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We use administrative data for most of SBS variables. We did a burden measuring survey for enterprises who are part of our financial statement survey in 2018:
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
Different versions of administrative data cause revisions. In general revisions are small/moderate if compared to the known use of data. |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
The methodology is the same for the preliminary data as the final data. All the revisions are due to revised source data. |
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18.1. Source data | |||
Type of source For the compilation of the Structural Business Statistics following source datas are used: Business register, a direct inquiry and Tax Authority administrative data. Administrative data from Tax Administration provides financial statements data for all enterprises (main source). The BR provides information on principal activity and number of personnel. - any possible threshold values: not applicable - the used administrative sources: Income tax data from tax authorities and Business register
Frame |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Annual data collection |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
Administrative data: Scoring model is introduced to detect and evaluate errors. |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
1. Validation of format and file structure checks. 2. Intra-dataset checks. 3. Inter-dataset checks. 4. Intra-domain, intra-source checks. 5. Plausibility or consistency checks between two domains available in the same Institution. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
Imputation methods: Survey data is mainly checked manually. It forms the basis for imputation process. Tax data and survey data is compiled together thus forming our structural business data. |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
The accounting year is not necessarily same as the calendar year. No corrections are made to convert accounting year data to calendar year data. |
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No further comments |
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