1.1. Contact organisation
Statistics Belgium
(A division of the Federal Public Service Economy, SMEs, Self-employed and Energy)
1.2. Contact organisation unit
Economic Statistics - Price Statistics Unit
1.3. Contact name
Confidential because of GDPR
1.4. Contact person function
Confidential because of GDPR
1.5. Contact mail address
Directorate General Statistics - Statistics Belgium
North Gate - Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 16 - 1000 Brussels
1.6. Contact email address
Confidential because of GDPR
1.7. Contact phone number
Confidential because of GDPR
1.8. Contact fax number
Confidential because of GDPR
2.1. Metadata last update
6 November 2025
2.2. Metadata last certified
6 November 2025
2.3. Metadata last posted
6 November 2025
3.1. Data description
The House price index is a quarterly index covering purchases of new dwellings and existing dwellings.
3.2. Classification system
Indexes, weights and growth rates are available according to the specification of the Commission implementing regulation (EU) No 2023/470 (global HPI, purchases of new dwellings, purchase of existing dwellings).
3.3. Coverage - sector
HPI indices cover all residential properties purchased by households in the reference period.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
For the primary (since 2013) and secondary market related indexes, the database of the Land Registry is used. This covers all the transactions of properties across the whole territory. Full transaction prices including the value of land are used.
Weights for purchase of new dwellings are estimated on basis of national accounts (following ESA 2010 standards) data. Data of the land registry is used to obtain a weight for the purchase of existing dwellings (total value of the dwellings transacted on the secondary market are calculated for each type of property).
The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres index. The current reference year is 2015.
3.5. Statistical unit
Private households.
3.6. Statistical population
The target population is the set of all transactions of dwellings purchased by households.
3.7. Reference area
The whole Belgian market for residential properties purchased by households is covered.
3.8. Coverage - Time
Data are available since 2005 for all index series.
3.9. Base period
The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres index. The current reference year is 2015.
Index with reference year 2015 and growth rates are available. Weights are given in parts in 1000.
HPI is a quarterly statistics.
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
Commission Regulation (EU) No 2016/792 and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1470.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing
Not available.
7.1. Confidentiality - policy
Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities.
Belgian Statistical Law of 22 March 2006.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
Not applicable, only aggregate indices are published.
8.1. Release calendar
The release dates for HPI indexes are available on the website of Statistics Belgium (Release Schedule | Statbel (fgov.be)).
8.2. Release calendar access
The release calendar for all statistics produced by Statistics Belgium is available at the following address: Release Schedule | Statbel (fgov.be).
8.3. Release policy - user access
HPI indexes are published on the website of Statistics Belgium (House price index | Statbel (fgov.be)).
Quarterly indices and annual weights are available.
10.1. Dissemination format - News release
Online press releases are available on the website of Statistics Belgium (House price index | Statbel (fgov.be)).
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications
Not available.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database
Tables with HPI indexes and weights are available on the website of Statistics Belgium (House price index | Statbel (fgov.be)).
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access
Micro-data is not published.
10.5. Dissemination format - other
Not available.
10.6. Documentation on methodology
HPI methodology is briefly described in a technical note available on the website of Statistics Belgium (House price index | Statbel (fgov.be)).
10.7. Quality management - documentation
Not available.
11.1. Quality assurance
Statistics Belgium has an own developed quality management system using an independent validation service which validates data before publication or transfer to Eurostat. Another aspect is the use of Quality Indicators for all statistics. Every year the quality of statistics produced by Statistics Belgium are assessed using quality indicators. The criteria used are relevance, accuracy, timeliness, coherence and comparability, cost and burden, process quality and accessibility.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
The quality of the HPI index is assessed on the basis of the technical manual on owner-occupied housing and house price indices published by Eurostat.
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
HPI indices are developed according to the methodology developed by the Real Estate Price Statistics Working Group and in line with Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1470 and the handbook on Residential Property Prices Indices published by Eurostat. This methodology is aimed at producing indices which respond to the needs of users interested in studying the behaviour of the housing market. Key users are the ECB, National Central Banks, financial institutions and economic analysts.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction
A user satisfaction survey is carried out by Statistics Belgium. The survey and the results can be found in Statistics Belgium website, in French and Dutch.
12.3. Completeness
All expenditures covered in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1470 regulation are taken into account when they represent at least 5% of expenditures.
13.1. Accuracy - overall
For existing dwellings, indices are based on administrative data sources which cover the whole universe and thus the accuracy is guaranteed by default.
However, the land registry data for newly built dwellings do not cover the whole universe because characteristics are often incomplete or not added in timely manner. Therefore, the transactions for dwellings build in the last 5 years are used as a proxy for the index of newly built dwellings for the most recent quarter.
13.2. Sampling error
Non-probability sampling is used.
13.3. Non-sampling error
Not available.
14.1. Timeliness
Data are sent within the delays prescribed by Regulation (EU) 2016/792 (t+85 days after the end of the reference period for the indices). Data are published around 90 days after the reference period.
14.2. Punctuality
Not applicable.
15.1. Comparability - geographical
The HPI indexes for existing dwellings are compiled at the regional level. Regional indices are available from 2010 onwards. Indexes for new dwelling are compiled at the national level. HPI is developed according to the methodology presented in the handbook on Residential Property Prices Indices edited by Eurostat and aimed to be comparable across European countries.
15.2. Comparability - over time
HPI indices are comparable over time.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain
Purchase of existing dwellings partly overlap with statistics on the housing market published on Real Estate | Statbel (fgov.be). However, the methodology used in these statistics differs from the methods used in the HPI which only focuses on the household sector and which takes into account quality changes using the hedonic repricing method (see 18.5).
15.4. Coherence - internal
HPI sub-indexes are checked for consistency.
Restricted from publication
17.1. Data revision - policy
The HPI is subjected to revisions according to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1470.
17.2. Data revision - practice
The indexes for the last available quarter should be considered as provisional and are revised a quarter later due to the fact that additional data from the land registry has been obtained. Exceptional revisions are announced via press releases. Regional indices for existings dwellings from 2010 onwards were published for the first time in March 2024 for the publication of the indices of the 4th quarter of 2023. This implied a revision of the whole series since 2005 because the indices of the reference period (2015) where revised.
18.1. Source data
See below.
18.1.1. Prices
For the primary and secondary market related indices (purchase of newly built and existing dwellings), data of the land registry are used. The producer price for the construction sector was used until end of 2012 as a proxy for newly built dwellings.
18.1.2. Weights
Land registry (same as for the prices).
18.1.3. Source data - House Sales indicators
The source data for house sales indicator is the same as for the house price index, namely the data from land registry on real estate transactions.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
All data are collected quarterly.
18.3. Data collection
Administrative data are transferred via SFTP.
18.4. Data validation
Statistical outlier detection methods are applied on the administrative data.
18.5. Data compilation
See below.
18.5.1. Calculation and Aggregation
See below.
18.5.1.1. Index formulae
The house price index is a Laspeyres-type price index.
18.5.1.2. Aggregation method
HPI subindices are first computed by property type separately. For existing dwellings, indices are further stratified by region. For new dwellings, indices are compiled by property type at the national level since the number of transactions is too low to obtain reliable regional indices. These indices on basis Q4/t-1 are then aggregated using the Laspeyres formula with the relevant weights (see 18.5.1.3).
18.5.1.3. Derivation of sub-index and elementary aggregate weights
Weights of the different items of HPI are annually revised using the most recent national account data (t-2) for new dwellings. Gross fixed capital formation in housing by households is used and is price updated to the last quarter of year t-1. Data on building permits (namely the number of permits issued for renovation or for new constructions) are used to split gross fixed capital formation in housing between purchase of new dwellings and self-build dwellings and major renovations. The latter part is excluded from the HPI weights and is used in OOH weights. The total value for the purchase of building land based on Land registry data is added to include the value of land in the weight for newly built dwellings.
The weights for the purchase of existing dwellings are based on the Land registry data (t-1) and are computed as the total transaction value for each type of properties for each region on the secundary market.
18.5.1.4. Price updating
The weight for the purchase of newly built dwellings is based on national account data from t-2. The weight for the purchase of existing dwellings is based on transaction data for year t-1. All weights are price updated to Q4 t-1 using the corresponding price indices.
18.5.1.5. Chaining and linking method
All sub-indices are first computed based on the fourth quarter of previous year. These short-term indices are then chained to obtain a long-term series and this series is rebased so that the average of the indices of the reference year (currently 2015) is equal to 100.
18.5.1.6. Compilation of sub-indices
The time-dummy hedonic method is used to compile all the sub-indices for new dwellings and existing dwellings.
18.5.1.6.1. Hedonic method
The time-dummy hedonic method is used to take quality changes into accounts. A log-linear specification is used and parameters are estimated using ordinary least squares for each type of property (house, apartment, and villas). Parameters used include age of the building, comfort characteristics, number of floors, number of rooms, inhabitable area, location). The location is modelled via a clustering analysis to regroup area sharing common characteristics. Regression coefficients and models are updated yearly. A rolling window of 5 quarters is used to compile the indices. The index is obtained by taking the exponent of the estimated coefficient for the time-dummy parameter of the last quarter and the resulting index is spliced on the index of the previous quarter.
18.5.1.6.2. SPAR method
Not applicable since the SPAR method is not used.
18.5.1.6.3. Stratification
The indices for the purchase of existing dwellings are compiled for different property types (detached house, semi-detached house and flats) and for the 3 regions of Belgium (Brussels, Flanders and Wallonia). The indices for new dwellings only cover the purchase of flats and are compiled at the national level.
18.5.2. Other processing issues
See below.
18.5.2.1. Timing for pricing
The prices at the transfer of ownership are taken into account in all HPI sub-indices.
18.5.2.2. Treatment of VAT
VAT is included in the price of new dwellings.
18.5.2.3. Treatment of other taxes
Taxes other than VAT are not included in the price of existing dwellings.
18.5.2.4. Treatment of government subsidies
Not applicable, this mostly relates to mortgage interest deduction from the income tax.
18.5.2.5. Treatment of land
The price of land is included in both prices and weights.
18.5.2.6. Housing cooperatives
Housing cooperatives do not exist in Belgium.
18.5.2.7. Treatment of non-market transactions
Non-market transactions such as inheritance or sales without full right on the property are excluded from the compilation of house sales indicators and house price indices since the prices for such transactions are non-market prices and are not relevant for these statistics.
18.5.2.8. Treatment of multi-object transactions
The database contains notarial deeds that appear multiple times in the database. One category is a category of deeds that have been altered several times. Deeds can consist of acts several properties per deed. In this case a price is not consistently given to the separate properties, making it impossible to use these in the computation of indices. Deeds with multiple properties can in some cases be regrouped to a single deed. An example can be a deed with a house with an extra piece of land and a garage can be regrouped to a single observation, or an apartment with an extra cellar. The notarial deeds with a single observation and with deeds regrouped to a single observation are used to calculate the indices for the secondary market. However, the notarial deeds with single and multiple properties are used in the calculation of the weights.
18.5.2.9. Treatment of fractional transactions
Only deeds on the full value of the transaction are taken into account in the house price index and in the house sales indicators.
18.5.2.10. Outliers detection
Threshold values are used to eliminate transactions with abnormal values for different characteristics (eg: surface, number of rooms) used in the regression models Additionally, the Cook's distance method is used to identify the outliers. Observations having a Cook's distance higher than a pre-determined threshold based on the total number of observations are excluded from the computation of the indices.
18.5.2.11. Treatment of incomplete data source coverage
House sales indicators are currently compiled for existing dwellings because no suitable data source has been found to include new dwellings in the coverage. No adjustment are made for incomplete data source coverage for house sales indicators for existing dwellings. However, the results for the last quarter are always considered provisional because all transactions are not registered at the date of first publication (t + 3 months). The results of the last quarter are then revised at the next publication when the data can be considered virtually complete.
We can however observe that after 3 months, 97% of the transactions are registered. After 6 months, this share goes up to 99%. We can therefore conclude that revisions to the previously published results will be needed for at most up to 6 months. However, these revisions are likely to be limited.
18.6. Adjustment
No adjustments other than quality adjustment are applied to the HPI data.
None.
The House price index is a quarterly index covering purchases of new dwellings and existing dwellings.
6 November 2025
For the primary (since 2013) and secondary market related indexes, the database of the Land Registry is used. This covers all the transactions of properties across the whole territory. Full transaction prices including the value of land are used.
Weights for purchase of new dwellings are estimated on basis of national accounts (following ESA 2010 standards) data. Data of the land registry is used to obtain a weight for the purchase of existing dwellings (total value of the dwellings transacted on the secondary market are calculated for each type of property).
The HPI is a chain-linked Laspeyres index. The current reference year is 2015.
Private households.
The target population is the set of all transactions of dwellings purchased by households.
The whole Belgian market for residential properties purchased by households is covered.
HPI is a quarterly statistics.
For existing dwellings, indices are based on administrative data sources which cover the whole universe and thus the accuracy is guaranteed by default.
However, the land registry data for newly built dwellings do not cover the whole universe because characteristics are often incomplete or not added in timely manner. Therefore, the transactions for dwellings build in the last 5 years are used as a proxy for the index of newly built dwellings for the most recent quarter.
Index with reference year 2015 and growth rates are available. Weights are given in parts in 1000.
See below.
See below.
Quarterly indices and annual weights are available.
Data are sent within the delays prescribed by Regulation (EU) 2016/792 (t+85 days after the end of the reference period for the indices). Data are published around 90 days after the reference period.
The HPI indexes for existing dwellings are compiled at the regional level. Regional indices are available from 2010 onwards. Indexes for new dwelling are compiled at the national level. HPI is developed according to the methodology presented in the handbook on Residential Property Prices Indices edited by Eurostat and aimed to be comparable across European countries.
HPI indices are comparable over time.
