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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | TurkStat, Turkish Statistical Institute |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Sectoral Statistics Department |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Devlet Mahallesi Necatibey Cad. No:114 06420 Çankaya/Ankara |
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2.1. Metadata last certified | 12/07/2022 | ||
2.2. Metadata last posted | 15/06/2022 | ||
2.3. Metadata last update | 15/06/2022 |
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3.1. Data description | |||
European statistics on natural gas prices for household and final non-household customers. |
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3.2. Classification system | |||
Internal Eurostat classification system based on annual natural gas consumption bands and tax levels. |
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3.3. Coverage - sector | |||
Household sector and final non-household sector (industry, services, offices, agriculture, etc). |
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3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
The prices are collected in national currencies per GJ and according to different bands of consumption. For the households sector, these bands are:
For the final non-households sector, the bands are:
There exist 2 different levels of disagregation for semestrial and annual prices: 1- Semestrial prices: These prices are reported twice a year and are divided in 3 levels:
2- Annual prices: These prices are reported once a year together with the data for the second semester and are divided into the following components and taxes:
In addition to these elements, the network cost is split into the respective shares of transmission and distribution. The relative share of consumption in the different consumption bands is reported by the countries and used to calculated the single national natural gas prices (weighted averages for consumer bands IA-IF and DA-DE). |
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3.5. Statistical unit | |||
Household and final non-household consumers divided into consumption bands. |
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3.6. Statistical population | |||
Household customers: Data coming from 70 suppliers out of 70 and representing 100% of the household customers. Final non-household customers: Data coming from 94 suppliers out of 94 and representing 100% of the final non-household customers. |
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3.7. Reference area | |||
The national territory of the Republic of Türkiye. |
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3.8. Coverage - Time | |||
Natural gas prices data for Turkey are available since 2013. |
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3.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable. |
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Prices are reported in national currency per GJ. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in EURO and PPS (purchasing power parity) and do the conversion to kWh. |
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For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for semester 1 and from July to December for semester 2. For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December). |
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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements | |||
At EU level:
At national level:
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6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing | |||
At EU level:
At national level:
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7.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
At EU level:
At national level:
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7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
Published data should not allow identification of single consumers. |
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8.1. Release calendar | |||
The date for publication of statistical information on prices is listed in the Release Calendar of Turkish Statistical Institute. Data on prices of natural gas for household and final non-household customers is published three months after the reporting period. |
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8.2. Release calendar access | |||
8.3. Release policy - user access | |||
Official statistics are presented in a clear and understandable manner, published in an appropriate and convenient manner, and are available and accessible, with metadata and guidance to support impartiality. |
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Natural gas prices of Türkiye are published twice a year at the NSI website and on a semestrial basis on Eurostat's website. |
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10.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Natural gas prices for both the household sector and industrial end-users are announced with a news release in homepage of TurkStat twice a year, in March and September. |
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10.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
No other national publications related to the data. |
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10.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
There is no online database. |
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10.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Not applicable. |
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10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
TurkStat does not give access to microdata related to natural gas prices. |
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10.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Natural gas prices by consumption bands tables are presented together with the news release.
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10.5.1. Metadata - consultations | |||
Not applicable. |
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10.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
Methodology and metadata files are available at the TurkStat website, section Envirenment and Energy: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=cevre-ve-enerji-103&dil=1 |
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10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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10.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
There is no quality report. |
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11.1. Quality assurance | |||
The Turkish Statistical Institute had a Quality Assurance Framework since 2015. TurkStat-QAF is based on the European Statistics Code of Practice. Within the framework of these principles and the institutional strategic plan, the entire statistical business process from the production of data to the dissemination is configured on a quality axis. In this context, studies are carried out with “Institutional Quality reports”, "Quality Logo" and "Quality Monitoring Audit Tool" ("QMAT"). As the coordinator of Turkish Statistical System, TurkStat has a mission to undertake quality reviews of official statistics which are produced within the framework of the Official Statistical Programme. TurkStat has been conducting a quality review, also called "Quality Logo", of official statistics produced by ONAs since 2015. The quality logo is a system in which official statistics are evaluated according to national quality principles based on the European Statistics Code of Practice (ES-CoP). As a result of these evaluations, improvement actions are defined and monitored regularly. These reviews not only improve the quality of official statistics, but also strengthen the cooperation and coordination role of TurkStat. The output quality of statistics produced by TURKSTAT is monitored by producer and user-oriented quality reports and other quality assurance methods applied in the production process. In addition, a tool called "Quality Monitoring and Audit Tool" ("QMAT") was created in order to ensure the process-product quality and compliance with the ES-CoP principles of the official statistics produced by TURKSTAT. |
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11.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
The quality of the natural gas prices is assessed to be high. |
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12.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Users in Türkiye are suppliers and companies who compare their own prices with the published prices. Data are also used from researchers and consultants for analyses and their studies. No other information available for other users of these data, as they have free access to the website of TurkStat. |
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12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
No user satisfaction survey has been carried out for this dataset and there is no procedure for measuring user satisfaction. |
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12.3. Completeness | |||
The datasets are complete. |
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12.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
100%. |
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13.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
Data is compiled from administrative records. Data are verified for each supplier. The comparative analyses are made with the data for previous periods. The overall accuracy of the statistic is therefore estimated to be high. |
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13.2. Sampling error | |||
No sampling used as the data compiled from administrative records of all suppliers. |
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13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
Not applicable. |
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13.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Information is included in the sub-concepts S.13.3.1-S.13.3.5. |
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13.3.1. Coverage error | |||
The target population is household and nonhosehold consumers. Data is compiled from administrative records of Energy Market Regulatory Authority of Republic of Türkiye where all the licenced suppliers have to declare real invoiced prices that are paid by end-users. Producers who are also suppliers are not covered, but their precentage is quite small. The coverage error is small as the divergence between the population frame and the target population is very small, and all kinds of unit are well represented. |
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13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
No over-coverage. |
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13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
100% of the data come from the administrative records. |
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13.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Data providers recieve detailed instructions of how to report data for the statistic, which reduces measurement errors in reported data. Mistakes can be made by reporting suppliers while reporting prices. Data from the data suppliers are analysed in a critical way and incorrect data are corrected after contacting the concerned data supplier. |
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13.3.3. Non response error | |||
Not relevant. |
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13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
All licenced suppliers who are active legally obliged to fill the invoiced price forms. |
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13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
All suppliers provided information to all items. |
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13.3.4. Processing error | |||
Natural gas price forms for collecting primary data from the suppliers is Excel formatted and reported online. At national level we aggregate manually all data in Summary Excel file where national data (previously chechked and verified) are calculated by formulas, the process is almost fully automated. Thus no processing errors occurred. |
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13.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not Applicable. |
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14.1. Timeliness | |||
Natural gas providers that participate in the national data collection are requested to provide the natural gas price data within 1 month after the reference period. After arrival, the statistical office checks the micro-data for correctness, consistency and completeness and national averages are calculated and reported to Eurostat during the third month after the reference period. |
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14.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 89 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 85 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 85 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 92 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 89 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 85 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 85 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 90 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 92 days after the reference period. The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 90 days after the reference period. |
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14.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
No revised data and no time lag. |
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14.2. Punctuality | |||
The legal deadline for submitting the questionnaires is the third month after the reference period. All datasets have been submitted on time. |
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14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
All datasets have been submitted on time. |
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15.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
Good comparability as a unique methodology is in place that describes the collection of natural gas prices. |
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15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.2. Comparability - over time | |||
Natural gas prices can be directly compared over time. |
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15.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||
Data is comparible from 2013 and onwards. |
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15.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts | |||
Not applicable. |
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15.4. Coherence - internal | |||
Annual prices are coherent with the semestrial prices. |
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Not available. |
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17.1. Data revision - policy | |||
Revision Policy of TurkStat Factors causing revision on statistical data are: a) Changes in base year and reference year: b) Benchmarking c) Changes in source data d) Changes in linked data e) Changes in seasonal and calendar effects adjusted data f) Changes in classifications, definitions and coverage g) Changes in methodology, implementation and questionnaire structure h) Change of the data source i) Legal regulations Revision types related to statistical data are: a) Routine revisions: Revisions sourced by factors mentioned in the 6th article of this Directive, namely benchmarking, changes in source data, changes in linked data and seasonal and calendar effects adjusted data. b) Major revisions: Revisions sourced by factors mentioned in the 6th article of this Directive, namely changes in base year and reference year, changes in classifications, definitions and coverage, changes in methodology, implementation and questionnaire structure, change of the data source and legal regulations. Routine revision implementations For statistics published annually or more frequently (monthly, quarterly, etc.), the routine revision implementations are divided into three sections such as enterprise, household and administrative registers by data source type. (a) For surveys using enterprises/local units as major data source; in case of routine revision practices on monthly statistics, monthly data can be revised up to last two months and with the publication of the last data of the year, the data up to last three years can be revised. In case of routine revisions on quarterly statistics, quarterly data can be revised for up to last two quarters and at the end of each year the data up to last three years can be revised. In case of routine revision on annual statistics, data of up to last five years can be revised. In case of situations that partially affect the availability of the data (natural disasters, epidemics, etc.), with the Presidential approval it is possible to make revisions for the data of the relevant months, quarters or years when the missing data is completed. (b) Routine revision is not implemented on non-adjusted data of surveys where the data source is households. Routine revision is not implemented on price, consumer confidence and sectoral confidence indices. Major revisions implementations (1) As major revisions are extensive revisions, they require an optimization taking the frequency, size and coverage of the revision into account. For this reason, it is essential to carry out a major revision at once by considering all other potential revisions. (2) Both revised and non-revised versions of the data are monitored by the subject matter unit for at least one year to measure the effects of factors mentioned in the 6th article of this Directive, except for legal regulations. After determining this effect, it is decided to be revised or not (For example; tracking the changes in Household Labour Force Survey by simultaneous implementation and double coding in business statistics) (3) In case of an average absolute percentage revision size of 1% or below calculated for revision length and depth determined in the revision information form, major revisions are implemented but not announced to the public. (4) In order to ensure the consistency of the time series of data, the data produced according to the previous definition is back casted to be aligned with the revised data. If information in accordance with the revision definition is available from previous year’s data set, then back casting with micro technique would be carried out. In cases which information in accordance with the revision definition is not available back casting is carried out by macro or model based techniques. In the back casting process, subject matter unit asks for the opinion of Methodology Department.
No revision is needed or planned for natural gas prices. |
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17.2. Data revision - practice | |||
No revised data and no planned revision of data. |
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17.2.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Households gas prices collection: 0 Non-households gas prices collection: 0.006179453 |
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18.1. Source data | |||
Natural gas prices for household and final non–household consumers are obtained from Petroleum Pipelines Corporation and all distribution, wholesale and import companies which is obliged to notify the Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EMRA). |
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18.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
For natural gas prices: half yearly For natural gas price components: yearly |
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18.3. Data collection | |||
The natural gas price data are reported from all suppliers via price notification forms in Excel provided by Energy Market Regulatory Authority. The forms are uploaded to Energy Market Regulatory Authority Notification System. Suppliers are obliged to fill the forms that include natural gas basic price, transmission, system services, distribution and other services. The individual components are summarize to the asked sub-components of the Eurostat questionnaire. |
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18.4. Data validation | |||
First of all the price notification forms are downloaded from Energy Market Regulatory Authority Notification System. All the forms are checked for completeness. Then the unit prices and their increase/decrease rates, tax rates are controlled and compared with each other and previous semesters form by form. In case of inconsistent price data or if any outlier is detected the data providers are contacted to require a correction/explanation/clarification/justification of the data. |
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18.5. Data compilation | |||
Since the administrative records are used and all the suppliers are included in the system no weighting is done. National prices that are representative for the whole country. |
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18.5.1. Imputation - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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18.6. Adjustment | |||
No adjustments carried out. |
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18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment | |||
Seasonable adjustments are not carried out. |
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