The Danish Energy Agency.

Center for System Analysis.

Carsten Niebuhrs Gade 43, 1577 København, Denmark.

European statistics on natural gas prices for household and final non-household customers.

Internal Eurostat classification system based on annual natural gas consumption bands and tax levels.

Household sector and final non-household sector (industry, services, offices, agriculture, etc).

The prices are collected in national currencies per GJ and according to different bands of consumption.

For the households sector, these bands are:

• D1: Customers consuming less than 20 GJ.
• D2: Customers consuming 20 GJ or more but less than 200 GJ.
• D3: Customers consuming 200 GJ or more.

For the final non-households sector, the bands are:

• I1: Customers consuming less than 1000 GJ.
• I2: Customers consuming 1000 GJ or more but less than 10000 GJ.
• I3: Customers consuming 10000 GJ or more but less than 100000 GJ.
• I4: Customers consuming 100000 GJ or more but less than 1000000 GJ.
• I5: Customers consuming 1000000 GJ or more but less than 4000000 GJ.
• I6: Customers consuming 4000000 GJ or more.

There exist 2 different levels of disagregation for semestrial and annual prices:

1- Semestrial prices:

These prices are reported twice a year and are divided in 3 levels:

• Level 1 prices: Prices excluding taxes and levies.
• Level 2 prices: Prices excluding VAT and other recoverable taxes and levies.
• Level 3 prices: Prices including all taxes and levies.

2- Annual prices:

These prices are reported once a year together with the data for the second semester and are divided into the following components and taxes:

• Energy and supply: commodity price for natural gas paid by the supplier or the price of natural gas at the point of entry into the transmission system, including, if applicable, the following end-user costs: storage costs plus costs relating to the sale of natural gas to final customers.
• Network cost: transmission and distribution tariffs, transmission and distribution losses, network costs, after-sale service costs, system service costs and meter rental and metering costs.
• Value added taxes (VAT): as defined in Council Directive 2006/112/EC.
• Renewable taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to the promotion of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and CHP generation.
• Capacity taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to strategic stockpiles, capacity payments and energy security; taxes on natural gas distribution; stranded costs and levies on financing energy regulatory authorities or market and system operators.
• Environmental taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to air quality and for other environmental purposes; taxes on emissions of CO₂ or other greenhouse gases. This component includes the excise duties.
• All other taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges not covered by any of the previous four categories: support for district heating; local or regional fiscal charges; island compensation; concession fees relating to licences and fees for the occupation of land and public or private property by networks or other devices.

In addition to these elements, the network cost is split into the respective shares of transmission and distribution. The relative share of consumption in the different consumption bands is reported by the countries and used to calculated the single national natural gas prices (weighted averages for consumer bands IA-IF and DA-DE) but not published because it could be used to re-calculate some confidential values.

Some of the taxes are refundable. Here is a description of them:

• The VAT is fully recoverable for non-households customers.
• The natural gas tax: Emissions trading scheme (ETS) companies using the natural gas for heating in process are able to recover the entire tax paid. This tax structure implies that companies on average only paid a quarter or less of the taxes. 
• The CO2 tax: Emissions trading scheme (ETS) companies using natural gas for heavy process are able to recover 72-90% of the CO2 tax.  

Household and final non-household consumers divided into consumption bands.

Household customers: Data coming from 13 suppliers out of 15 and representing 99 % of the household customers.

Final non-household customers: Data coming from 13 suppliers out of 15 and representing 95 % of the final non-household customers.

Denmark.

Natural gas prices data for Denmark using the current methodology are available since the second semester 2016. 

Not applicable.

Prices are collected in national currency per m3 and converted to GJ using the gcv converter.  These prices are then reported to Eurostat in national currency per GJ. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in EURO and PPS (purchasing power parity) and do the conversion to kWh. 

Relative shares of sub-component of the network component and consumption volumes are reported in percentages.

For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for semester 1 and from July to December for semester 2.

For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December).

At EU level:

• Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2016 on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices and repealing Directive 2008/92/EC (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/2169 of 21 November 2017 concerning the format and arrangements for the transmission of European Statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1734 of 14 November 2018 granting derogations to the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Spain, the Italian Republic and the Republic of Cyprus as regards the provision of statistics pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document C(2018) 7465) (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/823 concerning the content of quality reports on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance).

At national level:

• Gas supply act 2018/1127 of 5 September 2018. 

At EU level:

• Eurostat does not share the data collected with other organisation appart from its usual dissemination chanel (Eurostat's database, statistic explained articles and press or news release).

At national level:

• Data is sent to eurostat.
• Data is shared with the Danish Utility Regulator and IEA.

At EU level:

• Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities.

There is no legislation about confidentiality at national level.

Published data should not allow identification of single consumers. This is ensured by only publishing data for consumer bands with at least 3 consumers.

The publication of the statistic is announced by Statistics Denmark's relase calendar. 

The release calendar can be accessed through Statistics Denmark's website: https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/planlagte

Data is available on the Danish Energy Agency's website; https://ens.dk/service/statistik-data-noegletal-og-kort/priser-paa-el-og-gas after the release of data by Eurostat.

Natural gas prices in Denmark are published on a semestrial basis on Eurostat's website and Statisitcs Denmark's website;

• Non-households: https://www.statistikbanken.dk/ENERGI4
• Households: https://www.statistikbanken.dk/ENERGI3

A national press release of the gas price statistic is released in homepage of Danish Energy Agency.

A national memo of the gas price statistic is released.

The data is published in Statistics Denmark's database.

4 tables containing the data is published on the Statistics Denmark's website and 1017 consultations have been in the last 8 months.

Micro data is not available.

"No other ways for disseminating the data".

Not applicable.

Documentation on the methodology is available on Statistics Denmark's website; https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/statistikdokumentation/el--og-naturgaspriser

Not applicable.

No quality reports or studies exist yet.

Reported data is controlled and validated by the Danish Energy Agency. In case of inconsistencies the data provider is contacted.

Statistics Denmark perform liability checks, which ensures a good data quality.

The overall quality of the statistic is assessed to be good.

As reporting units cover almost the entire population frame, the sampling errors are small or non-existing. On the other hand, the statistics is affected by other errors, mainly measurement errors. The two primary causes of inaccuracy in the statistic are;

• Reported data containing errors.
• Typing mistakes when data are entered.

A number of Danish and European governmemtal institutions involved in enery planning, e.g. the Danish utility regulation and the IEA, use the statistic for different purposes. 

Furthermore, a variety of parties, including private companies, consultancies and lobby organizations have expressed an interest in the statistic.  

There is no procedure for measuring user satisfaction of the statistic and its result.

The statistic is available on the Danish Energy Agency's website; https://ens.dk/service/statistik-data-noegletal-og-kort/priser-paa-el-og-gas. 

The statistic is in line with guidelines.

Data is collected for 99 % of the population frame for households and 95% of the population frame for non-households. The overall accuracy of the statistic is therefore estimated to be high.

A high reporting rate ensures that sampling errors are small or non-existing.

No precisions measures are availble.

Information is included in the sub-concepts S.13.3.1-S.13.3.5.

The coverage error is small as the divergence between the population frame and the target population is very small. 

It is hard to avoid over-coverage, as it is difficult to observe. Data providers are given a guideline with detalied information about the target population, which ensures that over-coverage is reduced. 

All the data comes from the survey.

Data providers recieve detailed manuel of how to report data for the statistic, which reduces measurement errors in reported data.

Data providers recieve detailed manuel of how to reports data for the statistic, which reduces measurement errors in reported data.

The non-response error is small.

For non-households: 

• Data from 13 out of 14 suppliers representing 95 % of the non-househols consumers.

For household: 

• Data from 13 out of 14 suppliers representing 99 % of the househols consumers.

Item non-response rate is 0% 

Data is reported with a excel file and has been checked manual one by one for all companies.

Not applicable.

Natural gas providers that participate in the national data collection are requested to provide the natural gas price data within two months after the reference period. After arrival, the statistical office checks the micro-data for correctness, consistency and completeness and national averages are calculated and reported to Eurostat during the third month after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent -11 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent -14 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent -9 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent -11 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent -14 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the reference period.

The first version of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent -9 days after the reference period.

Version 4 of the natural gas price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2017 was sent 136 days after the reference period, 40 days after the first version and 46 day(s) after the mandatory deadline.

Version 2 of the natural gas price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2017 was sent 113 days after the reference period, 17 days after the first version and 23 day(s) after the mandatory deadline.

Reason for revision of the statistics:

• Calculation errors. 
• New information.

The legal deadline for submitting the questionnaires is the third month after the reference period. The majority of statistics have been delivered within or shortly after (within 3 days) the deadline.

The non-households questionnaire (latest version) for reference period 2020, Semester 2 was submitted 363 days after the deadline. 

The non-households questionnaire (latest version) for reference period 2019, Semester 2 was submitted 728 days after the deadline. 

The statistic is compatible for all regions in Denmark and with other European countries.

Not applicable.

Data on gas prices are compatible for the years 2015 and onwards.

Data is compatible from first semester 2017 and onwards.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Annual prices are coherent with semestrial prices.

The estimated cost of producing the one year statistic is 120 hours, which correspond to approximately 70,000 DKK. We have no knowledge of burden on respondents.

Data for the first half year are revised when submitting the data for the second half year in order to ensure consistency between semestrial and annual prices.

Data is revised in case of errors or new information.

Households gas prices collection: 0.000526414

Non-households gas prices collection: 0.102764424

Adminitrative data from gas suppliers in the Danish natural gas market.

Data is collected biannually.

Data providers sent data in an excel file to the Danish Energy Agency's gas statistics email for both housholds and non-housholds.

The data is validate using previous statistics and by comparing with the spot price.

For non-household consumers we are unable to collect data on all elements in the statistic. The elements that are not collected include: Fixed and variable distribution cost, the energy saving fee and environmental taxes.  For household, the elements that are not collected include: Fixed and variable distribution cost, the energy saving fee. 

Fixed distribution costs: 

• The fixed distribution cost for households and non-households is calculated as, the average cost for the Euroestat consumer band for each distribution company weighted by the companies respective markets share.

Variable distribution cost and energy saving fee:

• The distribution cost are calculated as the average distribution cost of each distribution company for the Eurostat consumer band weighted by the companies respective markets share.
• Promotion of renewable tax are calculated as the average tax of each company for the Eurostat consumer band weighted by the companies respective markets share.

 Environmental taxes:

• The natural gas tax: Companies using natural gas for normal process can get a small porportion of the tax refundend, while they get the entire tax paid refunded for the part used for heating in process.
• The CO2 tax: Emissions trading scheme (ETS) companies using natural gas for heavy process are able to recover a large porportion of the CO2 tax

The share of the consumption which get the taxes refunded is calculated using the following data from Statistics Danmark's Industrial Energy consumption statistic: 

• The distribution of the consumption used for heating in process, normal process and mineralogical process.
• The distrution of consumption used for non-heavy and heavy process.  
• The distribution of companies which are part of ETS. 

We are not performing any imputation.

Not applicable.

Seasonable adjustments are not carried out.