Labour costs survey - NACE Rev. 2 activity (lcs

Labour costs survey - NACE Rev. 2 activity (lcs_r2)

National Reference Metadata in ESS Standard for Quality Reports Structure (ESQRS)

Compiling agency: Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia

Eurostat metadata

Reference metadata

1. Contact
2. Statistical presentation
3. Statistical processing
4. Quality management
5. Relevance
6. Accuracy and reliability
7. Timeliness and punctuality
8. Coherence and comparability
9. Accessibility and clarity
10. Cost and Burden
11. Confidentiality
12. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)

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1. Contact

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1.1. Contact organisation

Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia

1.2. Contact organisation unit

Labour Market Department

1.5. Contact mail address

Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia

Litostrojska 54

1000 Ljubljana

Slovenia

2. Statistical presentation

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2.1. Data description

Data on labour costs are collected every four years with the Labour Cost Survey on the basis of Council Regulation (EC) No. 530/1999, Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1726/1999, Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1737/2005, the National Statistics Act (Official Journal of the Republic of Slovenia, No. 45/95 and No. 9/01) and the Annual Programme of Statistical Surveys. For the years between two surveys estimates are calculated on the basis of data from existing sources (surveys and administrative sources); see the survey Labour Costs – annual estimates.

With the Labour Cost Survey results we wish to provide insight into the level and structure of labour costs and to provide to employers and economic policy makers the data on the situation and changes of labour costs on the Slovenian labour market. The purpose of the survey is to show the influence of individual legal changes on the level and structure of labour costs borne by employers in order to employ workers, and to enable the comparison between labour costs on the Slovenian labour market and labour costs on international labour markets, especially the labour markets in the European Union.

2.2. Classification system

Classifications used:

•The Standard Classification of Activities (SKD), based on the European Classification of Economic Activities (NACE Rev. 2),

•The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS, level 1),

•The Standard Classification of Institutional Sectors (SKIS).

2.3. Coverage - sector

Data are collected for all activities A-S.

2.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

Key variables:

•Average monthly labour costs per person in paid employment,

•Average labour costs per hours worked,

•Structure of labour costs

2.5. Statistical unit

Local Kind of Activity Unit (LKAU).

2.6. Statistical population

Observation units are business entities or their units registered for performing activities on the territory of the Republic of Slovenia. They were selected with a sample.

The Labour Cost Survey covers all persons in paid employment in business entities or their units from the described sample. Persons employed under work contracts and royalty, pupils and students on practice, posted workers, farmers and labour force hired through the student employment centre are not taken into consideration.

2.7. Reference area

The whole country (Slovenia) is covered on NUTS-1 level.

2.8. Coverage - Time

In Slovenia LCS data are available from 1995. For the LCS 2020 the reference period are data for the year 2020.

2.9. Base period

No based period. The LCS statistical survey is conducted every 4 years, data were collected for the reference year 2020.

3. Statistical processing

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3.1. Source data

The units were selected based on a stratified sample. The sample frame is represented by business entities (ie legal units of the public/private sector, or their units and registered natural persons) registered for the purpose of performing their activities in the territory of the Republic of Slovenia, who have paid earnings by the employer within at least one month of the reference year.

The main criteria for determining units in the sample are the 2-digit code according to the Standard Classification of Activities NACE Rev. 2 and the size class of the business entity, defined by the number of persons in paid employment. Units from the stratum, containing business entities or their units with at least 250 persons employed are selected with certainty in the sample, and the units from other stratums are selected with coordinated probability sampling. Final sample size was around 5000 units.

Table 3.1.a Number of units in the sampling frame and sample, by 2-digit level NACE Rev. 2 and by size classes

Activities by 2-digit NACE Rev.2	SAMPLING FRAME							SAMPLE
	Size classes							Size classes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	Total	1	2	3	4	5	6	Total
1	279	49	35	6	0	1	370	12	15	11	1	0	0	39
2	254	17	7	1	0	0	279	15	10	4	1	0	0	30
3	43	4	0	0	0	0	47	15	3	0	0	0	0	18
5	2	0	0	0	0	1	3	2	0	0	0	0	1	3
6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
7	2	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	2
8	37	20	5	1	0	0	63	15	9	5	0	0	0	29
9	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	1	1	0	0	0	0	2
10	712	129	59	26	19	4	949	17	15	19	12	5	3	71
11	67	7	5	2	2	0	83	16	6	4	2	2	0	30
12	1	2	0	0	0	0	3	1	2	0	0	0	0	3
13	123	23	17	2	0	0	165	16	7	9	1	0	0	33
14	213	36	7	0	0	0	256	16	13	7	0	0	0	36
15	48	11	4	2	1	0	66	15	9	4	2	1	0	31
16	689	139	34	0	0	0	862	15	20	14	0	0	0	49
17	80	27	10	5	0	0	122	15	9	8	5	0	0	37
18	517	52	13	1	0	0	583	16	8	8	1	0	0	33
19	3	0	0	0	0	0	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	3
20	100	27	20	3	8	2	160	16	7	17	2	4	2	48
21	14	4	5	0	0	4	27	7	4	3	0	0	4	18
22	465	133	59	8	4	1	670	16	18	35	6	2	1	78
23	208	50	34	3	5	0	300	16	13	12	2	4	0	47
24	42	24	19	2	4	3	94	17	10	12	2	2	3	46
25	1953	543	89	7	6	5	2603	40	67	44	6	4	2	163
26	147	51	18	2	3	0	221	16	11	13	2	3	0	45
27	171	51	25	8	11	11	277	16	10	17	7	8	7	65
28	320	133	73	7	2	1	536	16	21	53	6	2	0	98
29	93	30	19	5	8	6	161	16	8	11	4	6	5	50
30	43	9	5	0	0	0	57	12	6	4	0	0	0	22
31	539	91	13	2	0	0	645	16	15	9	2	0	0	42
32	298	33	14	0	2	0	347	15	8	9	0	2	0	34
33	889	104	8	0	4	6	1011	25	14	5	0	3	3	50
35	223	15	23	10	39	6	316	15	4	11	10	16	1	57
36	9	23	31	1	1	2	67	5	6	16	1	1	1	30
37	20	8	6	1	0	1	36	10	5	4	1	0	1	21
38	123	36	26	42	2	0	229	16	4	14	3	1	0	38
39	11	6	1	0	0	0	18	8	6	1	0	0	0	15
41	1793	315	14	3	0	1	2126	32	33	5	2	0	0	72
42	334	117	37	5	0	4	497	17	17	17	5	0	3	59
43	7039	673	41	14	0	0	7767	101	60	13	3	0	0	177
45	2333	242	79	36	3	1	2694	37	30	15	4	2	1	89
46	6408	753	196	6	8	18	7389	164	116	58	2	1	2	343
47	3965	691	1280	462	227	1060	7685	66	28	49	24	12	89	268
49	3525	549	81	3	24	4	4186	55	44	34	2	9	2	146
50	34	4	0	0	0	0	38	16	3	0	0	0	0	19
51	24	3	2	0	0	0	29	8	0	2	0	0	0	10
52	509	91	49	7	3	19	678	20	13	19	2	2	13	69
53	108	13	4	0	0	337	462	11	6	1	0	0	23	41
55	675	93	39	8	6	15	836	16	8	10	4	2	3	43
56	4795	434	49	2	194	10	5484	51	20	12	0	7	0	90
58	251	19	8	5	0	0	283	14	8	8	1	0	0	31
59	211	20	0	1	0	0	232	17	7	0	1	0	0	25
60	78	13	0	0	0	3	94	16	8	0	0	0	3	27
61	128	21	1	1	5	40	196	14	6	1	1	2	13	37
62	1691	226	45	3	0	0	1965	58	47	41	3	0	0	149
63	254	31	8	0	2	0	295	16	7	7	0	1	0	31
64	197	20	16	85	145	221	684	9	2	10	7	9	23	60
65	4	11	22	1	0	33	71	1	3	12	1	0	19	36
66	491	24	3	8	0	0	526	18	7	3	1	0	0	29
68	1394	62	20	0	0	0	1476	32	8	8	0	0	0	48
69	2604	78	11	0	0	0	2693	50	12	6	0	0	0	68
70	2997	102	11	2	1	0	3113	61	15	10	1	1	0	88
71	2632	230	36	2	0	0	2900	62	36	12	1	0	0	111
72	581	90	27	7	5	2	712	25	14	13	2	1	1	56
73	624	60	4	0	0	0	688	21	15	3	0	0	0	39
74	687	24	6	28	0	0	745	19	5	1	5	0	0	30
75	107	32	0	8	0	0	147	16	10	0	0	0	0	26
77	267	29	0	0	0	0	296	16	8	0	0	0	0	24
78	89	68	37	3	8	6	211	8	15	14	3	2	5	47
79	411	17	9	0	1	2	440	16	9	3	0	0	0	28
80	58	33	24	0	3	0	118	17	8	8	0	3	0	36
81	881	81	26	4	2	0	994	15	16	9	1	2	0	43
82	373	41	11	1	0	0	426	15	9	8	1	0	0	33
84	145	266	180	68	125	138	922	6	35	68	25	29	52	215
85	1035	442	1402	60	10	20	2969	31	56	261	10	4	9	371
86	1677	70	127	15	17	10	1916	32	6	44	11	17	9	119
87	12	19	87	12	9	0	139	6	10	36	7	4	0	63
88	232	93	36	2	0	0	363	13	15	12	2	0	0	42
90	322	32	68	3	0	1	426	15	9	7	2	0	1	34
91	88	98	28	2	0	0	216	11	10	9	1	0	0	31
92	2	20	3	0	0	8	33	1	9	3	0	0	6	19
93	787	51	12	1	0	0	851	17	9	3	0	0	0	29
94	944	52	13	0	0	0	1009	21	8	8	0	0	0	37
95	309	5	8	0	0	0	322	16	4	4	0	0	0	24
96	1809	58	47	1	0	0	1915	15	13	9	0	0	0	37
TOTAL	64653	8404	4891	1016	919	2007	81890	1804	1201	1259	214	176	311	4965

Table 3.1.b Sample fractions, by 2-digit level NACE Rev. 2 and by size classes

Activities by 2-digit NACE Rev.2	SAMPLING FRACTION
	Size classes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	Total
1	0.04	0.31	0.31	0.17		0.00	0.11
2	0.06	0.59	0.57	1.00			0.11
3	0.35	0.75					0.38
5	1.00					1.00	1.00
6
7	1.00						1.00
8	0.41	0.45	1.00	0.00			0.46
9	1.00	1.00					1.00
10	0.02	0.12	0.32	0.46	0.26	0.75	0.07
11	0.24	0.86	0.80	1.00	1.00		0.36
12	1.00	1.00					1.00
13	0.13	0.30	0.53	0.50			0.20
14	0.08	0.36	1.00				0.14
15	0.31	0.82	1.00	1.00	1.00		0.47
16	0.02	0.14	0.41				0.06
17	0.19	0.33	0.80	1.00			0.30
18	0.03	0.15	0.62	1.00			0.06
19	1.00						1.00
20	0.16	0.26	0.85	0.67	0.50	1.00	0.30
21	0.50	1.00	0.60			1.00	0.67
22	0.03	0.14	0.59	0.75	0.50	1.00	0.12
23	0.08	0.26	0.35	0.67	0.80		0.16
24	0.40	0.42	0.63	1.00	0.50	1.00	0.49
25	0.02	0.12	0.49	0.86	0.67	0.40	0.06
26	0.11	0.22	0.72	1.00	1.00		0.20
27	0.09	0.20	0.68	0.88	0.73	0.64	0.23
28	0.05	0.16	0.73	0.86	1.00	0.00	0.18
29	0.17	0.27	0.58	0.80	0.75	0.83	0.31
30	0.28	0.67	0.80				0.39
31	0.03	0.16	0.69	1.00			0.07
32	0.05	0.24	0.64		1.00		0.10
33	0.03	0.13	0.63		0.75	0.50	0.05
35	0.07	0.27	0.48	1.00	0.41	0.17	0.18
36	0.56	0.26	0.52	1.00	1.00	0.50	0.45
37	0.50	0.63	0.67	1.00		1.00	0.58
38	0.13	0.11	0.54	0.07	0.50		0.17
39	0.73	1.00	1.00				0.83
41	0.02	0.10	0.36	0.67		0.00	0.03
42	0.05	0.15	0.46	1.00		0.75	0.12
43	0.01	0.09	0.32	0.21			0.02
45	0.02	0.12	0.19	0.11	0.67	1.00	0.03
46	0.03	0.15	0.30	0.33	0.13	0.11	0.05
47	0.02	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.08	0.03
49	0.02	0.08	0.42	0.67	0.38	0.50	0.03
50	0.47	0.75					0.50
51	0.33	0.00	1.00				0.34
52	0.04	0.14	0.39	0.29	0.67	0.68	0.10
53	0.10	0.46	0.25			0.07	0.09
55	0.02	0.09	0.26	0.50	0.33	0.20	0.05
56	0.01	0.05	0.24	0.00	0.04	0.00	0.02
58	0.06	0.42	1.00	0.20			0.11
59	0.08	0.35		1.00			0.11
60	0.21	0.62				1.00	0.29
61	0.11	0.29	1.00	1.00	0.40	0.33	0.19
62	0.03	0.21	0.91	1.00			0.08
63	0.06	0.23	0.88		0.50		0.11
64	0.05	0.10	0.63	0.08	0.06	0.10	0.09
65	0.25	0.27	0.55	1.00		0.58	0.51
66	0.04	0.29	1.00	0.13			0.06
68	0.02	0.13	0.40				0.03
69	0.02	0.15	0.55				0.03
70	0.02	0.15	0.91	0.50	1.00		0.03
71	0.02	0.16	0.33	0.50			0.04
72	0.04	0.16	0.48	0.29	0.20	0.50	0.08
73	0.03	0.25	0.75				0.06
74	0.03	0.21	0.17	0.18			0.04
75	0.15	0.31		0.00			0.18
77	0.06	0.28					0.08
78	0.09	0.22	0.38	1.00	0.25	0.83	0.22
79	0.04	0.53	0.33		0.00	0.00	0.06
80	0.29	0.24	0.33		1.00		0.31
81	0.02	0.20	0.35	0.25	1.00		0.04
82	0.04	0.22	0.73	1.00			0.08
84	0.04	0.13	0.38	0.37	0.23	0.38	0.23
85	0.03	0.13	0.19	0.17	0.40	0.45	0.12
86	0.02	0.09	0.35	0.73	1.00	0.90	0.06
87	0.50	0.53	0.41	0.58	0.44		0.45
88	0.06	0.16	0.33	1.00			0.12
90	0.05	0.28	0.10	0.67		1.00	0.08
91	0.13	0.10	0.32	0.50			0.14
92	0.50	0.45	1.00			0.75	0.58
93	0.02	0.18	0.25	0.00			0.03
94	0.02	0.15	0.62				0.04
95	0.05	0.80	0.50				0.07
96	0.01	0.22	0.19	0.00			0.02
TOTAL	0.03	0.14	0.26	0.21	0.19	0.15	0.06

Table 3.1.c Number of units in the sampling frame and sample, by section level NACE Rev. 2 and by size classes

Activities by 2-digit NACE Rev.2	SAMPLING FRAME							SAMPLE
	Size classes							Size classes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	Total	1	2	3	4	5	6	Total
A	576	70	42	7	0	1	696	42	28	15	2	0	0	87
B	42	21	5	1	0	1	70	20	10	5	0	0	1	36
C	7735	1709	550	85	79	43	10201	374	301	317	62	48	30	1132
D	223	15	23	10	39	6	316	15	4	11	10	16	1	57
E	163	73	64	44	3	3	350	39	21	35	5	2	2	104
F	9166	1105	92	22	0	5	10390	150	110	35	10	0	3	308
G	12706	1686	1555	504	238	1079	17768	267	174	122	30	15	92	700
H	4200	660	136	10	27	360	5393	110	66	56	4	11	38	285
I	5470	527	88	10	200	25	6320	67	28	22	4	9	3	133
J	2613	330	62	10	7	43	3065	135	83	57	6	3	16	300
K	692	55	41	94	145	254	1281	28	12	25	9	9	42	125
L	1394	62	20	0	0	0	1476	32	8	8	0	0	0	48
M	10232	616	95	47	6	2	10998	254	107	45	9	2	1	418
N	2079	269	107	8	14	8	2485	87	65	42	5	7	5	211
O	145	266	180	68	125	138	922	6	35	68	25	29	52	215
P	1035	442	1402	60	10	20	2969	31	56	261	10	4	9	371
Q	1921	182	250	29	26	10	2418	51	31	92	20	21	9	224
R	1199	201	111	6	0	9	1526	44	37	22	3	0	7	113
S	3062	115	68	1	0	0	3246	52	25	21	0	0	0	98
TOTAL	64653	8404	4891	1016	919	2007	81890	1804	1201	1259	214	176	311	4965

Table 3.1.d Sample fractions, by section level NACE Rev. 2 and by size classes

Activities by 2-digit NACE Rev.2	SAMPLING FRACTION
	Size classes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	Total
A	0.07	0.40	0.36	0.29		0.00	0.13
B	0.48	0.48	1.00	0.00		1.00	0.51
C	0.05	0.18	0.58	0.73	0.61	0.70	0.11
D	0.07	0.27	0.48	1.00	0.41	0.17	0.18
E	0.24	0.29	0.55	0.11	0.67	0.67	0.30
F	0.02	0.10	0.38	0.45		0.60	0.03
G	0.02	0.10	0.08	0.06	0.06	0.09	0.04
H	0.03	0.10	0.41	0.40	0.41	0.11	0.05
I	0.01	0.05	0.25	0.40	0.05	0.12	0.02
J	0.05	0.25	0.92	0.60	0.43	0.37	0.10
K	0.04	0.22	0.61	0.10	0.06	0.17	0.10
L	0.02	0.13	0.40				0.03
M	0.02	0.17	0.47	0.19	0.33	0.50	0.04
N	0.04	0.24	0.39	0.63	0.50	0.63	0.08
O	0.04	0.13	0.38	0.37	0.23	0.38	0.23
P	0.03	0.13	0.19	0.17	0.40	0.45	0.12
Q	0.03	0.17	0.37	0.69	0.81	0.90	0.09
R	0.04	0.18	0.20	0.50		0.78	0.07
S	0.02	0.22	0.31	0.00			0.03
TOTAL	0.03	0.14	0.26	0.21	0.19	0.15	0.06

3.2. Frequency of data collection

Data are collected every four years.

3.3. Data collection

Data are collected with web questionnaire by Agency of the Republic of Slovenia for Public Legal Records and Related Services.

The responding units were notified with a circular letter about being included in the sample, which was sent to them by mail or by post where mail was unknown. The circular letter contained the general information about the survey and obligation by Law of Statistics to fill the questionnaire. The guidelines and definitions were published on internet sites of SURS and AJPES. The questionnaire was open for filling it in on 14 Septrember 2021. The deadline for filling in the questionnaire was set to 30 September 2021, but the final deadline was then change to 30 June 2021. After the deadline non –responded business entities were notified by mail. In July and August 2021 just non-responded key-responders were contacted to send the data. The data collection ended on 5 November 2021. From end of October 2021 to February 2022 data were analysed and some double checking with responding units were done. In March 2022 the data were processed by data statistical data editing. In begginig of April 2022 data were weighted and basic tables were made. Through period from April until June 2022 other tables were produced and checked. Data were published in the First Release on 30 June 2022 as final data, including explanations and short methodology. First release contained data on average monthly labour costs per employee and per hour worked, both by sections of activities. More detailed results were published on the same date in statistical database SISTAT. On the same day data were put in Eurostat's standard scheme and sent to Eurostat via Edamis.

3.4. Data validation

Data collected with the questionnaire were validated trough set of logic controls. First logic control was built in application of data collection where mistakes were hard or soft (colored in red or yellow). Data could not be transferred with hard mistakes while for soft mistakes their values must be double-checked.

3.5. Data compilation

Data from the questionnaire and from the Business Register are compiled into the ORACLE database using PIN number of business entities or their kind of activity unit(s).

3.6. Adjustment

Due to national specific earnings system, data are adjusted to be in line with the regulation's requirements. Also separate tables with data for 1+ employee and 10+ employees are prepared.

4. Quality management

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4.1. Quality assurance

Key quality indicators are calculated regularly.

4.2. Quality management - assessment

Standard quality report is prepared for every LCS survey.

5. Relevance

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5.1. Relevance - User Needs

The main users of Labour Costs Survey 2020 results are the Institute of Macroeconomic Analyses and Development, the Bank of Slovenia, the Ministry of Labour, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities, the Ministry of Finance, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Employers' Association of Slovenia and trade unions. Another important user is the National Accounts Sector of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia. Other users of survey results are various research institutes, domestic and foreign companies, students and the media.

Major foreign users of survey data are Eurostat, the European Central Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the International Labour Organisation. Data are sent to Eurostat in accordance with the EU Regulations.

5.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

Labour Cost Survey data, are one of the top data on labour costs which are interesting not just for experts but also for general public. In general users are satisfied with data offered but two main weaknesses were mentioned; information on structure of labour costs should be available more often than every four years (problem is partly solved by annual estimations) and data availability which is almost one and half year after the reference period.

There is user service on the level of NSI. At least once per 1.5 year Statistical Advisory Committee is held, where main and other users can express their needs. Key users are treated individually on request.

5.3. Completeness

In the LCS surveys the articles of the EU Regulations regarding LCS are fully implemented. Because holiday bonus and payments in kind (including payments for meal and for travel from/to work) are not part of the earnings system in Slovenia they are for Eurostat included in the earnings data but shown separately in national tables.

5.3.1. Data completeness - rate

Data completeness rate for mandatory variables is 100%. Some optional variables are also collected for national purposes.

6. Accuracy and reliability

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6.1. Accuracy - overall

Accuracy is described in 6.2. to 6.6.

6.2. Sampling error

See 6.2.1.

6.2.1. Sampling error - indicators

In the tables 6.2.1.a to 6.2.1.c cofficients of variations are shown in percentage for Annual labour costs (D) and Hourly labour costs (D/B1), broken down by sections of activites by NACE Rev. 2 and size classes. Data are available for business entities with 1 and more employees and for business entities with 10 and more employees separately.

Table 6.2.1.a: Coefficients of variations for Annual labour costs, by NACE sections, by business entities with 1+ and 10+ employees (in %)

Activities	1+ employees	10+ employees
Total (A-S)	0.96	0.96
A	8.31	9.61
B	5.77	5.92
C	2.13	2.24
D	3.42	3.44
E	4.78	4.84
F	4.14	4.77
G	3.40	4.02
H	3.64	3.08
I	7.92	8.91
J	3.86	3.55
K	3.40	2.68
L	9.91	12.16
M	5.49	4.10
N	4.40	4.58
O	2.59	2.64
P	2.35	2.42
Q	1.97	1.96
R	4.83	5.74
S	8.42	10.45

B_S	1.02	1.03
BSO	0.96	0.96
B_N	1.24	1.27
B_F	1.74	1.85
B_E	1.91	2.00
G_S	1.26	1.21
GSO	1.15	1.10
G_N	1.76	1.74
G_J	2.18	2.37
K_N	3.01	2.20
O_S	1.28	1.32
P_S	1.46	1.51

Table 6.2.1.b: Coefficients of variations for Hourly labour costs, by NACE sections, by business entities with 1+ and 10+ employees (in %)

Activities	1+ employees	10+ employees
Total (A-S)	0.55	0.46
A	3.05	3.49
B	3.51	3.66
C	0.77	0.79
D	1.50	1.40
E	2.17	2.25
F	1.90	2.05
G	1.87	2.20
H	2.43	1.87
I	4.22	5.37
J	2.69	2.53
K	1.72	0.81
L	7.50	3.11
M	4.89	1.69
N	2.30	2.47
O	0.93	0.93
P	1.34	1.35
Q	0.70	0.56
R	2.72	2.83
S	4.54	4.64

B_S	0.58	0.49
BSO	0.55	0.46
B_N	0.72	0.60
B_F	0.67	0.67
B_E	0.71	0.73
G_S	0.84	0.67
GSO	0.75	0.59
G_N	1.22	0.99
G_J	1.30	1.38
K_N	2.53	1.13
O_S	0.61	0.60
P_S	0.74	0.73

Table 6.2.1.c: Coefficients of variations for Annual labour costs and Hourly labour costs, by size classes (in %)

Size classes (by number of employees)	Annual labour costs *(D)*	*Hourly labour costs* *(D/B1)*
Total	0.96	0.55
1 - 9	3.69	2.54
10 - 49	2.84	1.34
50 - 249	1.91	0.83
250 - 499	4.99	1.07
500 - 999	3.09	1.31
1000 and more	1.67	0.77

6.3. Non-sampling error

See 6.3.1. - 6.3.5.

6.3.1. Coverage error

See 6.3.1.1.

6.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate

There are no difference between the reference and the study population. For national purposes activities A and O were also included and published. Moreover data for business entities with less than 10 employees were also included. On total there was 2,5% of over-coverage rate. Under-coverage was not detected.

Table 6.3.1.1.: Over-coverage rate, by NACE sections (in %)

Activities	Over-coverage
Total (A-S)	2.5
A	4.0
B	1.4
C	3.1
D	0.0
E	0.4
F	3.6
G	3.3
H	3.4
I	2.1
J	0.2
K	0.8
L	4.2
M	1.7
N	2.3
O	0.0
P	0.2
Q	3.5
R	0.0
S	0.0

6.3.1.2. Common units - proportion

Not applicable.

6.3.2. Measurement error

Every question in the questionnaire contains the definition of what must be included in and excluded from the data. Every questionnaire was tested by logic control. The logic control is set of logical limits which the values of variables should not exceed. There were two types of errors; H – heavy error (must be corrected) and E – easy error (number is out of range but could be right and should be checked). In case of an easy error reporting units are called or mailed to explain the illogical values. In case of an error values are corrected. Therefore no item non-response is detected. In case of unit non-response reminders were sent via e-mail to reporting units to send the data. Reminders were sent twice, first one a week after the deadline and second 3 weeks after the first reminder, both via e-mail. By the end of collection period just key-responders were contacted.

6.3.3. Non response error

See 6.3.3.1.

6.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate

In case of unit non-response re-weighting was used. For LCS 2020 the overall unit non-response rate for was 6.7% (non-weighted) and 4.8% (weighted).

Table 6.3.3.1.: Unit non-response rate, by NACE sections (in %)

Activities	Non- weighted	Weighted
Total (A-S)	6.7	4.8
A	4.8	3.5
B	5.7	4.9
C	6.6	4.0
D	3.5	0.2
E	4.9	0.5
F	12.7	10.1
G	6.7	6.0
H	9.4	7.5
I	9.9	9.0
J	6.7	6.3
K	1.6	0.4
L	6.5	6.3
M	9.0	7.8
N	8.7	7.5
O	0.9	0.4
P	3.0	2.1
Q	3.6	1.1
R	8.0	4.4
S	7.1	8.2

6.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate

For mandatory variables, including ‘Gross earnings and Employer's social contributions', data were obligatory. In case of missing mandatory variable(s) it was not possible to submit the questionnaire. In case of non-mandatory variables missing data were checked by logic controls and if necessary corrected by business entities. No imputation was performed in case of item non-response.

6.3.4. Processing error

See 6.3.4.1.

6.3.4.1. Imputation - rate

Non weighted imputation rate for the main variable 'Gross Earnings' was 0.1% and weighted 0.0%.

Non weighted and weighted rate of the statistical data editing for the main variable 'Gross Earnings' was for both 0.7%.

As expected for LCS 2020 there were a higher rate of the statistical data editing for the variable 'Hours Worked' due to government measures related to the COVID-19 epidemic (see table 6.3.4.1.).

Table 6.3.4.1.: Statistical data editing rates for Hours worked, by NACE sections (in %)

Activities	Non- weighted	Weighted
Total (A-S)	11.9	16.3
A	6.3	14.5
B	6.1	9.7
C	13.0	20.6
D	5.5	7.5
E	3.1	0.8
F	16.2	15.8
G	12.6	16.4
H	9.5	11.4
I	35.6	40.4
J	5.4	14.1
K	4.1	9.1
L	12.2	16.5
M	5.1	6.3
N	11.2	15.3
O	3.8	9.0
P	23.9	27.5
Q	6.5	5.7
R	22.1	21.4
S	12.2	5.7

6.3.5. Model assumption error

No models were used.

6.4. Seasonal adjustment

Not applicable.

6.5. Data revision - policy

Data Revision Policy of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia is available in the General methodological explanation: Revision of statistical data.

6.6. Data revision - practice

For LCS 2020 no provision data were published. Final LCS 2020 data were published 30 June 2022.

6.6.1. Data revision - average size

Not applicable.

7. Timeliness and punctuality

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7.1. Timeliness

LCS 2020 data for Slovenia were published on 30 June 2022. On the same day, data were sent to Eurostat that is 18 months after the reference period, in line according with the EU regulation.
In case of CV higher than 30% in some activities and/or size-classes data were marked with NA (not available) according to Implementation Arrangement for LCS 2020, what makes data unable to check. For that matter data without NA were sent to Eurostat before final data just for checking procedure. In the file containing data without NA all size classes and all activities were for safety reasons marked with flag 1, meaning that they were not for publication.

7.1.1. Time lag - first result

First and final results of the LCS 2020 were published 30 June 2022, that is 18 months after the reference period.

7.1.2. Time lag - final result

See 7.1.1.

7.2. Punctuality

Data were published as planned.

7.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication

0 days.

8. Coherence and comparability

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8.1. Comparability - geographical

Data for the LCS 2020 for Slovenia were collected and published in accordance with EU regulations with some exceptions listed below:

Business entities with less than 10 employees were also included because of national purposes (in Slovenia there are many small business entities).
Apprentices were excluded due to negligible phenomena and because units would face a problem filling the data.
Holiday bonus in Slovenia is not treated as earnings component. In tables for Eurostat holiday bonus was included in annual earnings but for national purposes holiday bonus was excluded from annual earnings data and was shown separately.
Wages in kind in Slovenia are not treated as earnings component though wages in kind in Slovenia represent high share in total costs because of payments for travel between home and work and payments for meals. In Slovenia most of employees are entitled to receive payments for travel between home and work by different ways (e.g. as cash payments, bus or train tickets). In tables for Eurostat, payments in kind were included in annual earnings but for national purposes, payments in kind were excluded from annual earnings data and were shown separately.
In tables, prepared for national purposes guaranteed remuneration in the event of sickness (variable D.1221) was included in D.11 and not in D.12. Tables, prepared for Eurostat are in accordance with the regulations.

8.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient

Not applicable.

8.2. Comparability - over time

In LCS 2020 there were no changes in the definitions and methods in comparison with LCS 2016.

8.2.1. Length of comparable time series

In Slovenia LCS is carried out from 1995.

8.3. Coherence - cross domain

Coherence with Labour Force Survey (LFS): The main reason for the difference in number of hours worked per person in paid employment from LCS and LFS ()is in type of survey: LCS is business survey and LFS household survey. Other reasons are shown in the table 8.3.a.
Coherence with Structural Business Statistics (SBS): SBS data are not available for all activities, only for B-N without K and S95. SBS data are on business entity level while LCS data are on LKAU level. Therefore some of the units could have different activity or even missing in the SBS. In SBS business entities with code 13 and 15 by Classification of Institutional Sectors are not included. The main reason for the difference in monthly earnings per person in paid employment from LCS and SBS is in different data sources, where for SBS data from final accounts and tax data are used. Active unit in SBS is unit with turnover or employees or investments in the observation period. Other reasons are shown in the table 8.3.b.
Coherence with Labour Cost Index (LCI): The reasons for the difference in growth rate of labour costs per worked hour from LCS and LCI are different data sources, mainly for hours worked (for LCI existing sources are used and hours worked are estimated on the basis of paid hours from Monthly Earnings Survey and LFS); in LCI data only persons employed by legal persons are included, persons employed by natural persons are excluded. Other reasons are shown in the table 8.3.c.

Table 8.3.a. Coherence with LFS

LCS-LFS: Hours actually worked per year per employee (LFS: main job)
NACE Rev.2 sections	data		total diff	diff in %	See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
NACE Rev.2 sections	LCS	LFS			See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
B	1509	1664	155	10.3	a), c), e), h)
C	1482	1715	233	15.7	a), c), e), h)
D	1572	1806	234	14.9	a), c), e), h)
E	1528	1820	292	19.1	a), c), e), h)
F	1551	1804	253	16.3	a), c), e), h)
G	1408	1597	189	13.4	a), c), e), h)
H	1548	1793	245	15.8	a), c), e), h)
I	1037	1190	153	14.8	a), c), e), h)
J	1612	1792	180	11.2	a), c), e), h)
K	1560	1777	217	13.9	a), c), e), h)
L	1391	1665	274	19.7	a), c), e), h)
M	1497	1696	199	13.3	a), c), e), h)
N	1460	1548	88	6.0	a), c), e), h)
O	1430	1740	310	21.7	a), c), e), h)
P	1353	1452	99	7.3	a), c), e), h)
Q	1549	1690	141	9.1	a), c), e), h)
R	1278	1404	126	9.9	a), c), e), h)
S	1311	1368	57	4.3	a), c), e), h)
TOTAL	1456	1656	200	13.7	a), c), e), h)

Table 8.3.b. Coherence with SBS

LCS-SBS: Wages and salaries, per employee, same variable in SBS
NACE Rev.2 sections	data		total diff	diff in %	See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
NACE Rev.2 sections	LCS	SBS			See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
B	32788	31604	-1184	-3.6	a), d), h)
C	25542	25319	-223	-0.9	a), d), h)
D	38035	38623	588	1.5	a), d), h)
E	26247	25089	-1158	-4.4	a), d), h)
F	21510	19842	-1668	-7.8	a), d), h)
G	24011	22790	-1221	-5.1	a), d), h)
H	22272	21583	-689	-3.1	a), d), h)
I	18838	15811	-3027	-16.1	a), d), h)
J	36220	33344	-2876	-7.9	a), d), h)
K	36091	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
L	25089	22694	-2395	-9.5	a), d), h)
M	30239	26910	-3329	-11.0	a), d), h)
N	19317	18535	-782	-4.0	a), d), h)
O	30818	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
P	25023	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Q	28566	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
R	24575	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
S	20626	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
TOTAL		n.a.	n.a.	n.a.

Table 8.3.c. Coherence with LCI

LCS-LCI: 2016-2020 annual average growth rates of the variable ‘hourly labour costs’ and of the unadjusted LCI
NACE Rev.2 sections	data		total diff	diff in %	See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
NACE Rev.2 sections	LCS	LCI			See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
B	109,6	99,6	-9,9	-9.1	a), c), d), e), h)
C	125,7	117,0	-8,7	-6.9	a), c), d), e), h)
D	113,7	112,9	-0,7	-0.6	a), c), d), e), h)
E	123,7	108,0	-15,7	-12.7	a), c), d), e), h)
F	126,7	120,9	-5,7	-4.5	a), c), d), e), h)
G	124,9	119,3	-5,6	-4.5	a), c), d), e), h)
H	112,0	107,3	-4,7	-4.2	a), c), d), e), h)
I	158,6	111,4	-47,1	-29.7	a), c), d), e), h)
J	118,1	118,1	0,0	0.0	a), c), d), e), h)
K	111,9	110,4	-1,5	-1.4	a), c), d), e), h)
L	128,6	103,6	-25,0	-19.4	a), c), d), e), h)
M	127,6	122,4	-5,2	-4.1	a), c), d), e), h)
N	125,2	120,8	-4,4	-3.5	a), c), d), e), h)
O	134,9	120,1	-14,9	-11.0	a), c), d), e), h)
P	129,1	119,4	-9,6	-7.5	a), c), d), e), h)
Q	126,6	132,1	5,6	4.4	a), c), d), e), h)
R	124,0	114,6	-9,5	-7.6	a), c), d), e), h)
S	149,3	120,5	-28,7	-19.3	a), c), d), e), h)
TOTAL	125,8	118,4	-7,4	-5.9	a), c), d), e), h)

Possible reasons for divergences:

a) different statistical unit

b) no coverage of small firms in LCS

c) differences in definition

d) LCS not used as source

e) differences in types of employees included in the survey

f) NA: estimates for shadow economy

g)NA: adjustments due to accounting principles

h) reasons unclear, other

8.4. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics

Not applicable.

8.5. Coherence - National Accounts

Coherence with National Accounts (NA): The main reason for the difference in compensation of employees from LCS and NA is in different data sources. LCS is used in NA just to estimate ratios for some structural labour costs variables where only totals are available. Other reasons are shown in the table 8.5.

Table 8.5. Coherence with NA

Compensation of employees, per employee: D1 in LCS, D1 National Accounts
NACE Rev.2 sections	data		total diff	diff in %	See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
NACE Rev.2 sections	LCS	NA			See the list below for the reason(s) for divergence
B to E	30877	30347	-529	-1.7	d), g), h)
F	24899	25085	186	0.7	d), g), h)
G to N	29511	29327	-185	-0.6	d), g), h)
O to S*	32603	32393	-210	-0.6	d), g), h)
TOTAL	30362	30071	-291	-1.0	d), g), h)

* depending on availability excluding section O

Possible reasons for divergences:

a) different statistical unit

b) no coverage of small firms in LCS

c) differences in definition

d) LCS not used as source

e) differences in types of employees included in the survey

f) NA: estimates for shadow economy

g)NA: adjustments due to accounting principles

h) reasons unclear, other

8.6. Coherence - internal

All variables containing data on earnings and paid hours were checked with results from existing national earnings statistical surveys.

9. Accessibility and clarity

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9.1. Dissemination format - News release

According to the SURS publishing policy, data were published in the First Release on 30 June 2022 as final data, including explanations and short methodology.

9.2. Dissemination format - Publications

See 9.1.

9.3. Dissemination format - online database

More detailed results were published on the same date as the First Release on 30 June 2022 in statistical database SISTAT.

9.3.1. Data tables - consultations

In case of special data inquiry special tables are made.

9.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Individual data can also be accessed in a secure room at the SURS premises or or via remote access.

9.5. Dissemination format - other

On explicit request special tables can be made and additional explanation could be prepared.

9.6. Documentation on methodology

Metadata are published together with the data. By which method metadata are published depends of the type of the data.

9.7. Quality management - documentation

Questionnaires, methodological explanations and quality reports are available on https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/en/Methods/QuestionnairesMethodologicalExplanationsQualityReports.

9.7.1. Metadata completeness - rate

All metadata elements are in the methodological explanations.

9.7.2. Metadata - consultations

No information on the event.

10. Cost and Burden

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There were additional costs for SURS because of additional logic control and additional individual data protection both implemented in the electronic questionnaire.

There is always burden on units selected in the sample, because data are collected with the questionnaire.

11. Confidentiality

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11.1. Confidentiality - policy

SURS treats all data of all our reporting units (households, persons and enterprises) confidential according to our National Statistics Act, other laws and internal acts. The dissemination of the data must not allow any identification of a reporting unit or disclosure of sensitive data, therefore the data are protected in accordance with the rules of statistical disclosure control. The access to the data is enabled only for the employees, who need the access due to the nature of their work.

11.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

SURS checks the data for the dissemination in terms of the risk of identification and sensitivity. Rules used for the determination of the primary sensitive data are threshold, dominance rule, p%-rule; for secondary suppression we use method Modular inside Tau-Argus, soft wear for a protection of tabular data. All links between tables are taken into account at applying SDC methods. Microdata: Microdata are available only in the secure room at the SURS premises or via remote access. All direct identifiers are removed from microdata sets and all outputs are checked by SURS' methodologists to prevent any identification of the unit or disclosure of sensitive data.

12. Comment

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No comments.

Related metadata

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Annexes

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