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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit | Social Statistics and Demography Directorate / Department of Population Living Standards Statistics |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Miletičova 3, 824 67 Bratislava, Slovak Republic |
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2.1. Data description | |||
Health care expenditure quantifies the economic resources dedicated to health functions, excluding capital investment. Healthcare expenditure concerns itself primarily with healthcare goods and services that are consumed by resident units, irrespective of where that consumption takes place (it may be in the rest of the world) or who is paying for it. As such, exports of healthcare goods and services (to non-resident units) are excluded, whereas imports of healthcare goods and services for final use are included. It provides a set of revised classifications of health care functions, providers of health care goods and services and financing schemes. The SHA is currently used as a basis for a joint data collection by OECD, Eurostat and WHO on health care expenditure. The manual sets out in more detail the boundaries, the definitions and the concepts of health accounting – responding to health care systems around the globe with very different organisational and financing arrangements. Accounting period: Health expenditure and financing data pertain to the calendar year (1 January to 31 December). |
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2.2. Classification system | |||
Healthcare expenditure is recorded in relation to the international classification for health accounts (ICHA) defining:
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2.3. Coverage - sector | |||
1. Household individual consumption on health, including the collective consumption with two exceptions: |
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2.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
SHA concept is the consumption of health care goods and services. Summary tables provide data on:
Cross-classification tables refer to:
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2.5. Statistical unit | |||
Commission Regulation 2015/359 concerns the collection of data on "current expenditure on healthcare" which is defined as the "final consumption expenditure of resident units on health care goods and services". |
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2.6. Statistical population | |||
SHA focuses on the consumption of health care goods and services by the resident population irrespective of where this takes place. This implies the inclusion of imports (from non-resident providers) and the exclusion of exports (health care goods and services provided to non-residents). |
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2.7. Reference area | |||
The data aims at providing a complete overview of expenditure on health care goods and services consumption of services and goods by the resident population on the national territory of a country. |
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2.8. Coverage - Time | |||
2012 to 2017 under SHA 2011 methodology. |
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2.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable. |
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The quality of SHA figures from the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic can be considered to be quite high. |
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3.1. Source data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Several data sources are used (as of data notification in March 2018): - Surveys/census: 2 - Public administrative records: 4 - Financial reports: 1 - Other: 0
Surveys/censuses
Public administrative records
Financial reports
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3.2. Frequency of data collection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual. |
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3.3. Data collection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data are collected through the joint health accounts questionnaire (JHAQ) that countries submit to Eurostat during the annual data collection exercise. There is a voluntary deadline to send the JHAQ questionnaire for the calendar year T by the 31st of March T+2. The joint health accounts questionnaire (JHAQ) is coordinated in agreement with the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). These three international organisations are known collectively as the International Health Accounts Team (IHAT). Countries submit data to Eurostat on the basis of Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/359 of 4 March 2015 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards statistics on healthcare expenditure and financing. |
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3.4. Data validation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The 2019 JHAQ includes a number of features which allow national data correspondents to perform various quality checks before submitting the data. The embedded programmes allow the verification of:
2- Consistency of the data within tables,
Entries in the tables cannot be negative as they refer to the consumption of goods and services.
The atypical entries check provides information whether the data tables contain values in cells which are – if at all – only reported by very few countries and are thus atypical for health accounting.
3- The growth rates against the previous year and the magnitude of revisions as compared to previously submitted data. Results are grouped into three different categories:
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3.5. Data compilation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SHA data is compiled both by a bottom-up approach as well as by a top-down approach, depending on the data source. Compilation is done by financing schemes and by different health care functions/task areas. The results of the several calculations are then aggregated. To gain the differentiation between the different SHA-dimensions (especially HC and HP) quotas and pro-rating and utilisation keys are applied on some spending items. For some spending items it is necessary to extra-/intrapolate data as there is no up-to-date data available or data is missing for certain years. For some other spending items, estimation methods have to be applied.
Several methods are normally used for estimations:
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3.6. Adjustment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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4.1. Quality assurance | |||
Authorities responsible for SHA data collection are working to ensure that the statistical practices used to compile national health accounts are in compliance with SHA methodological requirements and that good practices in the field are being followed, according to the methodology underlined in the SHA 2011 Manual and European Statistics Code of Practice respecting professional independence of the statistical authorities. Procedures are in place to plan and monitor the quality of the health care expenditure statistical production process. |
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4.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
The quality of SHA figures from the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic can be considered to be quite high. |
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5.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
The main users of SHA data: |
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5.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
Feedback from the main users is incorporated in the compilation of SHA figures if feasible and possible. |
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5.3. Completeness | |||
Data are complete as far as the Commission Regulation 359/2015 is applicable. |
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5.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
Almost 100% of mandatory variables of the three dimensions according to Commission Regulation 359/2015 that are relevant/occurring in the Slovak Republic health system. |
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6.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
Overall accuracy of the Slovak Republic SHA data can be considered to be quite good. |
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6.2. Sampling error | |||
Not applicable as the Statistical Office does not use any surveys directly for the compilation of SHA-data. However, some of the data sources (e.g. from National Accounts) are based on results of surveys, e.g. Annual sample survey NS NO 1-01 (Annual questionnaire of non-profit organizations). |
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6.2.1. Sampling error - indicators | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.3. Non-sampling error | |||
Not applicable as the Statistical Office does not use any surveys directly for the compilation of SHA-data. However, some of the data sources (e.g. from National Accounts) are based on results of surveys, e.g. Annual sample survey NS NO 1-01 (Annual questionnaire of non-profit organizations). |
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6.3.1. Coverage error | |||
Statistical Office is not aware of any double-counting of expenditure items in Slovakia's SHA figures at the moment. However, if double-counting of expenditure is detected, it is removed and consolidated. |
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6.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.3.1.2. Common units - proportion | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.3.2. Measurement error | |||
Statistical Office is not aware of any measurement errors. |
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6.3.3. Non response error | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.3.4. Processing error | |||
Statistical Office is not aware of any processing errors. |
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6.3.4.1. Imputation - rate | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.4. Seasonal adjustment | |||
Not applicable. |
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6.5. Data revision - policy | |||
Data are revised, if fundamental changes in methodology of calculation take place (e.g. a change the methodology calculation of the final consumption of households). |
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6.6. Data revision - practice | |||
For SHA 1.0 based accounts: In 2011 Statistical Office changed the calculation methodology of the final consumption of households which was calculated by national concept without non-residents. Statistical Office of Slovak Republic made a revision of the data for the years 2008 - 2010. |
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6.6.1. Data revision - average size | |||
The magnitude of revision (for the years 2008 - 2010; see 6.6 Data revision - practice) amounted approximately -5,6% of current health care. |
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7.1. Timeliness | |||
Member States are required to transmit their data to Eurostat in compliance with the Commission Regulation 359/2015 transmission deadlines. |
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7.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
Data for year t-2 are published in September of year t. |
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7.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
Definite figures for year t-2 are published in September of year t (can be revised after the validation). |
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7.2. Punctuality | |||
There were no deviations from deadlines in the reference period. |
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7.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
Not applicable. |
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8.1. Comparability - geographical | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable at national level. |
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8.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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8.2. Comparability - over time | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Breaks in time series resulting from methodological changes
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8.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 reference period (2016-2017) in time series from last break. |
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8.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SHA and ESSPROS are based on different underlying concepts. SHA is based on final consumption whereas ESSPROS is based related LTC, while ESSPROS takes into account also the social aspects of LTC. A full coherence between these different approaches for Slovakia does not exists and therefore data cannot be mapped from one approach to the other. |
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8.4. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not applicable. |
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8.5. Coherence - National Accounts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The figures on health care expenditure are reconcilable with National Accounts. |
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8.6. Coherence - internal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atypical entries:
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9.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Regular or ad-hoc press releases linked to the data are not published. |
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9.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
SHA data are published on the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic's yearly publication "Statistical Yearbook of the Slovak Republic" (last edition: the Statistical office of the Slovak Republic (2019): Statistical Yearbook of the Slovak Republic 2018). |
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9.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
Data are published as open data and are accessible on the Statistical office of the Slovak Republic´s website: |
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9.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
Restricted from publication. |
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9.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Not applicable. |
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9.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
Other major publication using/containing SHA data is: |
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9.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
The methodological manual "A System of Health Accounts, 2011 Edition" - English and Slovak version - are published on the internal website of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. |
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9.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Not available. |
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9.7.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Not available. |
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9.7.2. Metadata - consultations | |||
Not available. |
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Restricted from publication. |
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11.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
The Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics (recitals 23-27, 31-32 and Articles 20-26) applies. |
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11.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
The publication of SHA data is done at relatively high aggregated data-level, detailed data is not published or distributed. |
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Preliminary estimates: The Slovak Republic has a problem with the term of Preliminary estimates (end of March, April or May) because the department of National Account of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic publishes the necessary data annually in September.
For the FS, FP and HK categories are not indicated any deviations from SHA definitions or missing data by selecting the relevant item from the drop-down list, because the additional tables (HFxFS, HPxFP, HKxHP) are not reported in Slovakia's health accounts. |
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