Foreign trade statistics is the oldest achieving economic statistics. Is an important source of data for the national accounts, balance of payments statistics and short-term economic analysis. It is very important to monitor the competitiveness of the country or certain regions in order to successfully driven economic policies, trade negotiations, preparation and monitoring, as well as in the implementation of trade agreements. Thereunder shall be determined: general economic policy, trade policy development, market analysis for exporters and importers, in order to define their commercial strategy, determining the material balance of strategic products, in order to control the market in the field of agriculture and energy and so on.

Foreign trade statistics include all goods originating from domestic production or from internal trade in goods, including the so-called nationalized goods (goods which were imported and cleared, and then in the same state exported to the world market as a commodity of our origin).

External Trade Statistics is tasked to process and publish data on trade with foreign countries. Looking at the terms of the domestic and global economies provide different information, however important to the economy of a country. From the standpoint of the national economy, they contain information on hiring, or increase financial resources based on the export or import of goods.
From the aspect of the world economy, these data indicate the participation of our country in the international division of labor.

To identify a large number of different products and commodities used the following classifications: Combined Nomenclature 2013, Harmonized System and encryption products 2012 Standard International Trade Classification Classification rev.4 and Classification by Broad economic activities 3th edition.

Trade in Goods

Single administrative document is a document by which the person requires goods to be placed in some of the customs procedures in a manner and form prescribed. It contains a set of 8 sheets.

The customs tariff is systematically review goods by sub-headings, headings and titles (appointment) of goods.

Under the customs procedure entails putting the goods into free circulation, the transit of goods under the customs warehousing procedure in breeding MNE (inward), the procedure for processing under customs control, temporary importation, inward processing procedure outside the MNE (outward processing).
It is expressed as a four-digit code where the first two-digit code signifies declared (required) customs procedures, while the other two-digit code indicates the previous procedure, procedure in which the goods have been declared before, if it were not enrolled 00 (two zeros).

The observation unit in the statistics of foreign trade is each delivery of goods done through export and import goods.

Foreign trade statistics includes all goods exported from Montenegro, goods imported from abroad and released into free circulation. Is included under the export goods leaving the statistical territory of Montenegro in accordance with the following customs procedures: export, outward processing and re-export of which was the inward processing and processing under customs supervision.
Under the import includes all goods entering the statistical territory of Montenegro in accordance with the following customs procedures: import for free circulation, inward processing, processing and re-import of goods under customs supervision.

Montenegro

Data is available since 2005.

The base period for the index in the previous year.

 The value of foreign trade is presented in Euro, the net mass and quantity in the supplementary unit, which is defined in the Customs Tariff (for example: m2, liters, pieces, etc.), the unit of measure in the statistics of foreign trade.

Reference period in the foreign trade statistics is the calendar month. Time of observation is considered when the export or import is done at the moment of customs duty, when the goods pass through customs border. Annual or cumulative data shown are formed by aggregating the monthly data.

Statistics of foreign trade is based on the Law on official statistics and the official statistics of Montenegro (Official Gazette, No. 18/12), the Agreement on Cooperation between the Statistical office and Customs Administration of Montenegro from 22.06.2004.(Annex II of 20.01.2009. year); Customs Act (Official Gazette no. 7/2002, 38/2002, 72/2002, 21/2003, 29/2005, 66/2006 and 21/2008) and the Rulebook of the form, content, manner of filing and filling out customs declarations and summary declaration (Official Gazette 03/2003 and 08/2007) and a number of other instructions.

Customs Administration of Montenegro is authorized institutions to collect data on foreign trade of Montenegro as well as control of customs declarations. Statistical office is responsible for the processing, control, and dissemination of foreign trade data.

In accordance with the Law on official statistics and the official statistical system in Montenegro, part XIII confidentiality and protection of data needed to official statistics, from articles 54 to 61, defined the legislative procedures relating to the confidentiality of the data.

Confidentiality of data for external trade statistics is guaranteed by the official statistics of Montenegro. Data is confidential when allows direct or indirect identification of companies.
In the foreign trade statistics there are two types of confidentiality active and passive.

Active confidentiality is the case where a statistical offices themselves take the initiative to protect the data, either because of state or government interests of individual subjects.

Passive confidentiality is the case where we have state authorities or importers / exporters require statistical authorities not to publish information that could cause harm to themselves or state interests.

Monthly data are published every 25th of the month for the previous period. Annual data are published twice. It was first published on January 25-preliminary data for the previous year, while the second time on April 5 - the final data. The Release calendar exists and it is publicly accessible.

http://monstat.org/eng/index.php

Every 25th of the month at 11:00 am through press releases information are published.
The Release calendar is pre-determined and published. In this way, users can get to know when data on foreign trade is published.

Frequency of data dissemination is monthly and yearly.

Publications containing information on foreign trade statistics are monthly release (Montenegro's foreign trade) and the annual release (Montenegro's foreign trade).

Regular publications which are published on the Foreign Trade Data are: Monthly Statistical Review, Statistical Yearbook and Montenegro in numbers.

There is no online database where users can access the data, but users can make a request for the necessary information.

Micro data by the enterprises are not published and delivered to users. Except statistical purposes, micro data are available to individual users in accordance with the Law on official statistics and the official statistical system in Montenegro.

Mirror analysis of foreign trade of Montenegro.

In the Monthly release, Monthly statistical review and the Statistical Yearbook is a brief methodology on the basis of data that are produced.
Production data of foreign trade based on the recommendations of the UN and EU statistics contained in the following manuals: International Merchandise Trade Statistics, Concept and Definitions, United Nations, Statistics on the Trade of Goods, User Guide, Eurostat.

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In order to provide confidence in the quality of the statistical process of foreign trade are carried out numerous controls, both by the Customs Administration, which is responsible for data collection, and by Monstat which is responsible for the compilation and publication of data. Key indicators of the quality of data on which foreign trade statistics constantly thesis are: timeliness, accuracy, availability, clarity and comparability of data

One of the criteria for the quality control of external trade data is through the mirror analysis with other countries. Mirror (comparative) analysis is an analysis of foreign trade data between the two countries or group of countries for a period of time. In September 2011, the mirror ​​analysis was made with EU member states and countries of the Western Balkans. The analysis was noticed small discrepancies in some countries, and the reasons that lead to discrepancies in the data. At regular workshops are organized for the Western Balkans, the experts presented data quality. Results of these analyzes indicate good quality data of foreign trade of Montenegro.

Statistics of foreign trade is an important source of information that is of primary importance for a many institutions that create economic policy decision-making at the state and businesses, as well as market research. Among the biggest beneficiaries are the Central Bank of Montenegro, Chamber of Commerce, many Ministries, Embassies, as well as various economic entities that use the data for the purpose of monitoring their own market share.

All users have equal access to information and data obtained in the shortest period of time and within the statutory period. The exception is information that can compromise the confidentiality in accordance with the Law on official statistics and the official statistics.

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Monthly releases are published in the 25-th of the month period for the previous, so that the time between the availability of data and events described is 25 days. For annual releases preliminary data published on January 25-th and the final on April 5-th.

There is no time-lag between the actual delivery of the data and the target date. All press releases are published in accordance with the scheduled publication date.

Geographical comparability of external trade statistics may be influenced by different definitions and concepts used by the country in the process of collecting data. There may be differences in the methods used by some countries in terms of coverage, the partner, and the transaction value. In Montenegro is in use the special trade system, which makes data comparable with the data members of the European Union because their external trade statistics are based in this system, while for example USA, Japan or Canada apply general trade system and our data cannot be compared with these countries because of the use of different trading systems.

During the time there are happening different changes, for example in classification, definition, concepts and it can lead to a incomparability of data. Because of that in the Department of Foreign Trade there are ordinary and extraordinary revisions of data. Ordinary revisions are executed every month. Data is comparable from 2005, since the beginning of their processing by Monstat.

Department of External Trade Statistics is the only authorized disseminator of foreign trade data, so that there are no other sources or statistical domain by which to adapt common.

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Foreign Trade Department has no written policy document on the implementation of revision data, but the department is accepted and well-established scheme, a policy about revision data.
In the foreign trade statistics there are two types of revision data: The normal, routine and the special revision data.
Routine revision is part of the regular process in the production of statistical data. The goal of this type of revision is updated new information and any corrections and updates to the data.
Special revision related to major changes in relation to the basic concepts, definitions, classifications, or changes in the data source. This type of revision is related to changes in the methodology used in the production data.

Each month, routine revision of data is executed. Reviewed data is related to the current year. Monthly data obtained from the Customs Administration include data from the beginning of the year until the last month of the current year as the cumulative data. For example: in May Monstat receive data as cumulative from January to April.

Despite the fact that some customs declaration already filed in the customs procedure correction of already submitted declarations is usually, which is one of the reasons for the revision of the data. When it comes to correcting certain declarations, Customs along with other monthly data and submits the amended declaration. One of the reasons for the revision of the data are new customs declarations received in the last month, and some refer to the previous month. In order to process the declaration it must be reviewed for the previous month and classify such a declaration in the month / s when it was external trade exchange. On some customs declarations(SAD) be made and administrative proceedings that could last a few months and after that is done submitting the customs declaration and there are new declarations pertaining to the previous month, which is also another reason for the revision of the data.
In addition to routine revision data, special revision data are also performed. There are no defined rules when it will make a special revision data. Special revision are carried out in cases where there is a substantial change in the use of basic methodologies for data processing, and which affect the impossibility of comparison data.
A revision of this type was made in September 2010, and the revised data for the period 2005 to 2009. The reason for the audit compliance with applicable EU standards. The data are processed by a special trade system, the import data are recorded on the basis of the country of origin. The difference in the data is due to changes in the trading system, the updated database for the period audited, as well as record imports by country of origin. In this way, the data from 2005 onwards are fully comparable.

Source data for the statistics of foreign trade is Single administrative document (SAD) on export and import goods. SAD is provided by Customs Administration, is a document that is submitted to the customs procedure. It contains information that is important for the clearance procedure and data for statistical purposes as well as other users.

Data are collected on a daily base by the Customs Administration of Montenegro.

The Customs Administration shall submit monthly data Monstat. Data given refer to all previous months of the beginning of the year

Department of foreign trade on a monthly basis performs validation of the data from all the records, items received from the Customs Administration. Control data to be provided are: validate the product key, the combined nomenclature, the check code of the country, mode of transport, terms of delivery, Supplementary units of measure codes, type of transaction codes, codes of customs procedures, codes of customs offices, the parity code, currency code, as well as many other checks. Is done and check if there are duplicate records. In addition to these checks are carried out and verify the authenticity of the data and check the net weight and gross weight and checks combined with CN8 nomenclature correspondent supplementary unit of measure. Also, there is automatic data verification and logical controls.

Department of External Trade Statistics is using Eurotrace program for processing, control, correction, dissemination and analysis of data. The program was developed by the European Commission as part of the cooperation with partner countries

Seasonal adjustment methods, time series decomposition, or other similar methods are not in use

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