Hungarian Central Statistical Office

Census Department

Hungarian Central Statistical Office

1032 Budapest

Keleti Károly utca 5-7.

Hungary

Not available.

Place of usual residence: based on the Hungarian Area Code Signal System

Citizenship, country of birth: based on HCSO Country Register made from ISO-3161-1

Occupation: based on the Hungarian Standard Classification of Occupations (FEOR-08) recoded by the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08)

Industry: the Hungarian Statistical Classification of Economic Activities (TEÁOR-08) corresponds to the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE Rev.2)

Educational attainment: based on the Hungarian Standard Classification of Education (KEOR-03) recoded by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-97)

Usual residence means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage.
Persons usually resident in the country but absent, or expected to be absent, at the time of the census for less than one year shall be considered as temporarily absent persons and thus included in the total usually resident population. In contrast, persons living or expected to live outside the country for one year or more shall not be considered temporarily absent and shall therefore be excluded from the total population. This is regardless of the length of visits that they may pay to their families from time to time.
Persons who are enumerated but do not meet the criteria for usual residence in the place of enumeration, i.e. do not live or do not expect to live in the country for a continuous period of at least 12 months, are considered temporarily present and are therefore not counted in the total usually resident population.

Those persons who has been staying in the country for less then a year are considered to have the will to stay for more than 12 months and are included in the total usually resident population.

Total

Male

Female

The age reached at the reference date (in completed years).

Marital status is the (legal) conjugal status of an individual in relation to the marriage laws of the country (de jure status).
A person shall be classified according to his/her most recently acquired legal marital status at the reference date.
'Registered partnerships' are reported only by countries that have a legal framework regulating partnerships that:
(a) lead to legal conjugal obligations between two persons;
(b) are not marriages;
(c) prevent persons to commit themselves into multiple partnerships with different partners.
In countries where the legislation includes provisions for married partners to be 'legally separated', such 'legally separated' persons are classified under 'married'.

According to Hungarian Civil Code marriage is possible between a man and a woman. The minimum age for marriage is 18 years, but in special cases the age limit can be 16 years after special procedure.

Same-sex couples can establish registered partnership according to Act XXIX. from 1^st July 2009. The minimum age of a registered partnership is 18 years without exception.

Marriages and registered partnerships can end with the partner’s death or divorce. The category ’legally separated’ does not exist in the Hungarian law.

The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children.
Child (son/daughter) refers to a blood, step- or adopted never married son or daughter (regardless of age) who has usual residence in the household of at least one of the parents, and who has no partner or own children in the same household. Foster children are not included. A son or daughter who lives with a spouse, with a registered partner, with a partner in a consensual union, or with one or more own children, is not considered to be a child. A child who alternates between two households (for instance if his or her parents are divorced) shall consider the one where he or she spends the majority of the time as his or her household. Where an equal amount of time is spent with both parents the household shall be the one where the child is found at the time on census night.
The term couple shall include married couples, couples in registered partnerships, and couples who live in a consensual union.
Registered partnerships are reported only by countries that have a legal framework regulating partnerships that:
(a) lead to legal conjugal obligations between two persons;
(b) are not marriages;
(c) prevent persons to commit themselves into multiple partnerships with different partners.
Two persons are considered to be partners in a 'consensual union' when they
— belong to the same household, and
— have a marriage-like relationship with each other, and
— are not married to or in a registered partnership with each other.
'Skip-generation households' (households consisting of a grandparent or grandparents and one or more grandchildren, but no parent of those grandchildren) are not included in the definition of a family.

Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept.
1. Housekeeping concept
According to the housekeeping concept, a private household is either:
(a) A one-person household, that is a person who lives alone in a separate housing unit or who occupies, as a lodger, a separate room (or rooms) of a housing unit but does not join with any of the other occupants of the housing unit to form part of a multiperson household as defined below; or
(b) A multiperson household, that is a group of two or more persons who combine to occupy the whole or part of a housing unit and to provide themselves with food and possibly other essentials for living. Members of the group may pool their incomes to a greater or lesser extent.
2. Household-dwelling concept
The household-dwelling concept considers all persons living in a housing unit to be members of the same household, such that there is one household per occupied housing unit. In the household dwelling concept, then, the number of occupied housing units and the number of households occupying them is equal, and the locations of the housing units and house­ holds are identical.
The category 'Persons living in a private household' comprises 'Persons in a family nucleus' and 'Persons not in a family nucleus'. The category 'Persons in a family nucleus' comprises all persons who belong to a private household that contains a family nucleus of which they are a member. 'Persons not in a family nucleus' comprises all persons who either belong to a non-family household or to a family household without being member of any family nucleus in that household.
A non-family household can be a one-person household ('Living alone') or a multiperson household without any family nucleus. The category 'Not living alone' comprises persons that live either in a multiperson household without any family nucleus or in a family household without being member of any family nucleus in that household. Persons who belong to a skip-generation household and who are not member of any family nucleus in that household shall be classified in the optional category 'Persons living in a household with relative(s)'.
The term 'son/daughter' is defined as the term 'child' in the technical specifications for the topic 'Family status'. 'Husband/wife couple' means a married opposite-sex couple.
'Registered partnership' is defined as in the technical specifications for the topic 'Legal marital status'. 'Consensual union' is defined as in the technical specifications for the topic 'Family status'.
The category 'Partners' comprises 'Persons in a married couple', 'Partners in a registered partnership' and 'Partners in a consensual union'.
'Primary homeless persons' are persons living in the streets without a shelter that would fall within the scope of living quarters as defined in the technical specifications for the topic 'Type of living quarters'.

Household status had been defined based on two questions:

–       the serial number of the household in the dwelling

–       the role of the person in the family/household, with the possible answers listed as:

1. Husband, wife
2. Cohabiting partner
3. Lone parent living together with her/his children (if the children do not live in a relationship)
4. Child (including fostered and adopted children)
5. Ascendant (parents and grandparents living together with the family)
6. Other relative
7. Not relative
8. Living alone (not other persons belong to the household)

If more than one answer could be applied for the person, he/she had to mark the one appearing first in the list.

Household status had to be marked based on the real not on the legal situation. All same-sex partners are classified as cohabiting partners.

Final data of household status had been produced in accordance with age, sex, legal marital status, cohabiting partnership and fertility data. The questionnaire did not contain the name of the respondent.

Current activity status' is the current relationship of a person to economic activity, based on a reference period of one week, which may be either a specified, recent, fixed, calendar week, or the last complete calendar week, or the last seven days prior to enumeration.
The 'currently economically active population' comprises all persons who fulfil the requirements for inclusion among the employed or the unemployed.
'Employed' persons comprise all persons aged 15 years or over who during the reference week:
(a) performed at least one hour of work for pay or profit, in cash or in kind, or
(b) were temporarily absent from a job in which they had already worked and to which they maintained a formal attachment, or from a self-employment activity.
The 'unemployed' comprise all persons aged 15 years or over who were:
(a) 'without work', that is, were not in wage employment or self-employment during the reference week; and
(b) 'currently available for work', that is, were available for wage employment or self-employment during the reference week and for two weeks after that; and
(c) 'seeking work', that is, had taken specific steps to seek wage employment or self-employment within four weeks ending with the reference week.
The category 'Currently not economically active' includes persons below the national minimum age for economic activity.
In ascribing a single activity status to each person, priority is given to the status of 'employed' in preference to 'unemployed', and to the status of 'unemployed' in preference to 'not economically active'.

Occupation' refers to the type of work done in a job (that is the main tasks and duties of the work). Persons doing more than one job are allocated an occupation based on their main job, which is identified according to the time spent on the job or, if not available, to the income received.
The breakdown by occupation is available for persons aged 15 or over that were:
— employed during the reference week, or
— unemployed during the reference week, but have ever been in employment
Persons are classified according to the occupation they had during their most recent employment. The categories included in the breakdown 'occupation' correspond to the major groups of the ISCO-08 (COM) classification.
Persons under the age of 15 years, as well as persons aged 15 or over that were:
— not economically active during the reference week, or
— unemployed, never worked before (i.e. they have never been employed in their lives)
are classified under 'not applicable'.
The allocation of a person within the breakdowns of the topics 'Occupation', 'Industry' and 'Status in employment' is based on the same job.

Industry (branch of economic activity) is the kind of production or activity of the establishment (or similar unit) in which the job of a currently economically active person is located.
Persons doing more than one job shall be allocated an industry (branch of economic activity) based on their main job, which is to be identified according to the time spent on the job or (if not available) the income received.
The breakdown by industry is available for persons aged 15 or over that were:
— employed during the reference week, or
— unemployed during the reference week, but have ever been in employment
Persons are classified according to the industry they worked in during their most recent employment. The categories included in the breakdown 'industry' list the 21 sections of the NACE Rev. 2 classification and appropriate aggregates.
Persons under the age of 15 years, as well as persons aged 15 or over that were:
— not economically active during the reference week, or
— unemployed, and have never worked before (i.e. have never been employed in their lives)
are classified under 'not applicable'.
The allocation of a person within the breakdowns of the topics 'Occupation', 'Industry' and 'Status in employment' is based on the same job.

An 'employee' is a person who works in a 'paid employment' job, that is a job where the explicit or implicit contract of employment gives the incumbent a basic remuneration, which is independent of the revenue of the unit for which he/she works.
An 'employer' is a person who, working on his or her own account or with a small number of partners, holds a 'self-employment' job and, in this capacity, on a continuous basis (including the reference week) has engaged one or more persons to work for him/her as 'employees'.
If a person is both employer and employee, he/she shall be allocated to only one group according to the time spent on the job or (if not available) the income received.
An 'own-account worker' is a person who, working on his/her own account or with one or a few partners, holds a 'self-employment job' and has not engaged, on a continuous basis (including the reference week), any 'employees'.
A 'contributing family worker' is a person who
— holds a 'self-employment’ job in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person, living in the same household, and
— cannot be regarded as a partner (that is an employer or own-account worker) because the degree of commitment to the operation of the establishment, in terms of working time or other factors to be determined by national circumstances, is not at a level comparable to that of the head of the establishment.
A 'member of a producers' cooperative' is a person who holds a 'self-employment' job in an establishment organised as a coop­ erative, in which each member takes part on an equal footing with other members in determining the organisation of production, sales and/or other work, the investments and the distribution of the proceeds among the members.

The location of the place of work is the geographical area in which a currently employed person does his/her job.
The place of work of those mostly working at home is the same as their usual residence. The term 'working' refers to work done as an 'employed person' as defined under the topic 'Current activity status'. 'Mostly' working at home means that the person spends all or most of the time working at home, and less, or no, time in a place of work other than at home.

Those who marked the answer 'work in different localities' are classified in the category ‘in Hungary without region’.

'Educational attainment' refers to the highest level successfully completed in the educational system of the country where the education was received. Qualifications obtained outside the school system are not taken into account (e.g. courses in workplaces, language courses).
Persons aged 15 years or over are classified under only one of the categories according to their educational attainment (highest completed level). Persons under the age of 15 years are classified under 'not applicable'.

A locality is defined as a distinct population cluster, that is an area defined by population living in neighbouring or contiguous buildings. Such buildings may either:
(a) form a continuous built-up area with a clearly recognisable street formation; or
(b) though not part of such a built-up area, comprise a group of buildings to which a locally recognised place name is uniquely attached; or
(c) though not meeting either of the above two criteria, constitute a group of buildings, none of which is separated from its nearest neighbour by more than 200 metres.

Place of birth is defined as the place of usual residence of the mother at the time of the birth, or, if not available, as the place in which the birth took place.
Information on the country of birth is based on the international boundaries existing on 1 January 2011. 'EU Member State', in particular, means a country that is a member of the European Union on 1 January 2011. The list of countries in the breakdown 'country/place of birth' serves only for statistical purposes.
For reporting countries that are EU Member States, the sub-category under the category 'other EU Member State' that refers to their Member State does not apply. For reporting countries that are not EU Member States, the category 'Other EU Member State' shall be read as 'EU Member State'.
The category 'Information not classifiable according to current borders' covers those persons whose country of birth existed at the time of the birth, but no longer exists at the time of the census, and who cannot be allocated uniquely to one country existing at the time of the census, i.e. according to current borders.
The category 'outside any country' covers persons for whom the usual residence of the mother at the time of the birth is not known and who where born outside the borders of any country, for example at sea or in the air.

Citizenship is defined as the particular legal bond between an individual and his/her State, acquired by birth or naturalisation, whether by declaration, option, marriage or other means according to the national legislation.
A person with two or more citizenships is allocated to only one country of citizenship, to be determined in the following order of precedence:
1. reporting country; or
2. if the person does not have the citizenship of the reporting country: other EU Member State; 3. if the person does not have the citizenship of another EU Member State: other country outside the European Union.
'EU Member State' means a country that is a member of the European Union on 1 January 2011. The list of countries in the breakdown 'Country of citizenship' shall only apply for statistical purposes.
For reporting countries that are EU Member States, the sub-category of the category 'citizenship not of reporting country, but other EU Member State' that refers to their Member State does not apply. For reporting countries that are not EU Member States, the category 'citizenship not of reporting country, but other EU Member State' shall be changed to 'citizenship of an EU Member State'.
Persons who are neither citizens of any country nor stateless and who have some but not all of the rights and duties associated with citizenship shall be classified under 'recognised non-citizens'.

The year of arrival is the calendar year in which a person most recently established usual residence in the country. The data for 2011 refer to the time span between 1 January 2011 and the reference date.

This indicates the relationship between the current place of usual residence and the place of usual residence one year prior to the census. Children under one year of age are classified under 'Not applicable'.
For all persons that have changed their usual residence more than once within the year prior to the reference date, the previous place of usual residence is the last usual residence from which they moved to their current place of usual residence.

The topic 'Housing arrangements' covers the whole population and refers to the type of housing in which a person usually resides at the time of the census. This covers all persons who are usual residents in different types of living quarters, or who do not have a usual residence and stay temporarily in some type of living quarters, or who are roofless, sleeping rough or in emergency shelters, when the census is taken.
Occupants are persons with their usual residence in the places listed in the respective category.
'Conventional dwellings' are structurally separate and independent premises at fixed locations which are designed for permanent human habitation and are, at the reference date, either used as a residence, or vacant, or reserved for seasonal or secondary use.
'Separate' means surrounded by walls and covered by a roof or ceiling so that one or more persons can isolate themselves. 'Independent' means having direct access from a street or a staircase, passage, gallery or grounds.
'Other housing units' are huts, cabins, shacks, shanties, caravans, houseboats, barns, mills, caves or any other shelter used for human habitation at the time of the census, irrespective if it was designed for human habitation.
'Collective living quarters' are premises which are designed for habitation by large groups of individuals or several households and which are used as the usual residence of at least one person at the time of the census.
'Occupied conventional dwellings', 'other housing units' and 'collective living quarters' together represent'‘living quarters'. Any 'living quarter' must be the usual residence of at least one person.
The sum of occupied conventional dwellings and other housing units represents 'housing units'.
The homeless (persons who are not usual residents in any living quarter category) can be persons living in the streets without a shelter that would fall within the scope of living quarters (primary homelessness) or persons moving frequently between temporary accommodation (secondary homelessness).

The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children.
Child (son/daughter) refers to a blood, step- or adopted never married son or daughter (regardless of age) who has usual residence in the household of at least one of the parents, and who has no partner or own children in the same household. Foster children are not included. A son or daughter who lives with a spouse, with a registered partner, with a partner in a consensual union, or with one or more own children, is not considered to be a child. A child who alternates between two households (for instance if his or her parents are divorced) shall consider the one where he or she spends the majority of the time as his or her household. Where an equal amount of time is spent with both parents the household shall be the one where the child is found at the time on census night.
The term couple shall include married couples, couples in registered partnerships, and couples who live in a consensual union.
Registered partnerships are reported only by countries that have a legal framework regulating partnerships that:
(a) lead to legal conjugal obligations between two persons;
(b) are not marriages;
(c) prevent persons to commit themselves into multiple partnerships with different partners.
Two persons are considered to be partners in a 'consensual union' when they
— belong to the same household, and
— have a marriage-like relationship with each other, and
— are not married to or in a registered partnership with each other.
'Skip-generation households' (households consisting of a grandparent or grandparents and one or more grandchildren, but no parent of those grandchildren) are not included in the definition of a family.

The family nucleus is defined in the narrow sense, that is as two or more persons who belong to the same household and who are related as husband and wife, as partners in a registered partnership, as partners in a consensual union, or as parent and child. Thus a family comprises a couple without children, or a couple with one or more children, or a lone parent with one or more children. This family concept limits relationships between children and adults to direct (first-degree) relationships, that is between parents and children.
Child (son/daughter) refers to a blood, step- or adopted never married son or daughter (regardless of age) who has usual residence in the household of at least one of the parents, and who has no partner or own children in the same household. Foster children are not included. A son or daughter who lives with a spouse, with a registered partner, with a partner in a consensual union, or with one or more own children, is not considered to be a child. A child who alternates between two households (for instance if his or her parents are divorced) shall consider the one where he or she spends the majority of the time as his or her household. Where an equal amount of time is spent with both parents the household shall be the one where the child is found at the time on census night.
The term couple shall include married couples, couples in registered partnerships, and couples who live in a consensual union.
Registered partnerships are reported only by countries that have a legal framework regulating partnerships that:
(a) lead to legal conjugal obligations between two persons;
(b) are not marriages;
(c) prevent persons to commit themselves into multiple partnerships with different partners.
Two persons are considered to be partners in a 'consensual union' when they
— belong to the same household, and
— have a marriage-like relationship with each other, and
— are not married to or in a registered partnership with each other.
'Skip-generation households' (households consisting of a grandparent or grandparents and one or more grandchildren, but no parent of those grandchildren) are not included in the definition of a family.

Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept.
1. Housekeeping concept
According to the housekeeping concept, a private household is either:
(a) A one-person household, that is a person who lives alone in a separate housing unit or who occupies, as a lodger, a separate room (or rooms) of a housing unit but does not join with any of the other occupants of the housing unit to form part of a multiperson household as defined below; or
(b) A multiperson household, that is a group of two or more persons who combine to occupy the whole or part of a housing unit and to provide themselves with food and possibly other essentials for living. Members of the group may pool their incomes to a greater or lesser extent.
2. Household-dwelling concept
The household-dwelling concept considers all persons living in a housing unit to be members of the same household, such that there is one household per occupied housing unit. In the household dwelling concept, then, the number of occupied housing units and the number of households occupying them is equal, and the locations of the housing units and house­ holds are identical.
The category 'Persons living in a private household' comprises 'Persons in a family nucleus' and 'Persons not in a family nucleus'. The category 'Persons in a family nucleus' comprises all persons who belong to a private household that contains a family nucleus of which they are a member. 'Persons not in a family nucleus' comprises all persons who either belong to a non-family household or to a family household without being member of any family nucleus in that household.
A non-family household can be a one-person household ('Living alone') or a multiperson household without any family nucleus. The category 'Not living alone' comprises persons that live either in a multiperson household without any family nucleus or in a family household without being member of any family nucleus in that household. Persons who belong to a skip-generation household and who are not member of any family nucleus in that household shall be classified in the optional category 'Persons living in a household with relative(s)'.
The term 'son/daughter' is defined as the term 'child' in the technical specifications for the topic 'Family status'. 'Husband/wife couple' means a married opposite-sex couple.
'Registered partnership' is defined as in the technical specifications for the topic 'Legal marital status'. 'Consensual union' is defined as in the technical specifications for the topic 'Family status'.
The category 'Partners' comprises 'Persons in a married couple', 'Partners in a registered partnership' and 'Partners in a consensual union'.
'Primary homeless persons' are persons living in the streets without a shelter that would fall within the scope of living quarters as defined in the technical specifications for the topic 'Type of living quarters'.

Private households may be defined according to the 'housekeeping concept' , or, if this is not possible, Member States may apply the 'household-dwelling' concept.
1. Housekeeping concept
According to the housekeeping concept, a private household is either:
(a) A one-person household, that is a person who lives alone in a separate housing unit or who occupies, as a lodger, a separate room (or rooms) of a housing unit but does not join with any of the other occupants of the housing unit to form part of a multiperson household as defined below; or
(b) A multiperson household, that is a group of two or more persons who combine to occupy the whole or part of a housing unit and to provide themselves with food and possibly other essentials for living. Members of the group may pool their incomes to a greater or lesser extent.
2. Household-dwelling concept
The household-dwelling concept considers all persons living in a housing unit to be members of the same household, such that there is one household per occupied housing unit. In the household dwelling concept, then, the number of occupied housing units and the number of households occupying them is equal, and the locations of the housing units and house­ holds are identical.
The category 'Persons living in a private household' comprises 'Persons in a family nucleus' and 'Persons not in a family nucleus'. The category 'Persons in a family nucleus' comprises all persons who belong to a private household that contains a family nucleus of which they are a member. 'Persons not in a family nucleus' comprises all persons who either belong to a non-family household or to a family household without being member of any family nucleus in that household.
A non-family household can be a one-person household ('Living alone') or a multiperson household without any family nucleus. The category 'Not living alone' comprises persons that live either in a multiperson household without any family nucleus or in a family household without being member of any family nucleus in that household. Persons who belong to a skip-generation household and who are not member of any family nucleus in that household shall be classified in the optional category 'Persons living in a household with relative(s)'.
The term 'son/daughter' is defined as the term 'child' in the technical specifications for the topic 'Family status'. 'Husband/wife couple' means a married opposite-sex couple.
'Registered partnership' is defined as in the technical specifications for the topic 'Legal marital status'. 'Consensual union' is defined as in the technical specifications for the topic 'Family status'.
The category 'Partners' comprises 'Persons in a married couple', 'Partners in a registered partnership' and 'Partners in a consensual union'.
'Primary homeless persons' are persons living in the streets without a shelter that would fall within the scope of living quarters as defined in the technical specifications for the topic 'Type of living quarters'.

The topic 'Tenure status of households' refers to the arrangements under which a private household occupies all or part of a housing unit.
Households that are in the process of paying off a mortgage on the housing unit in which they live or purchasing their housing unit over time under other financial arrangementsare classified under 'Households of which at least one member is the owner of the housing unit'.
Households of which at least one member is the owner of the housing unit and at least one member tenant of all or part of the housing unit are classified under category 'Households of which at least one member is the owner of the housing unit'.

'Conventional dwellings' are structurally separate and independent premises at fixed locations which are designed for permanent human habitation and are, at the reference date, either used as a residence, or vacant, or reserved for seasonal or secondary use.
'Separate' means surrounded by walls and covered by a roof or ceiling so that one or more persons can isolate themselves. 'Independent' means having direct access from a street or a staircase, passage, gallery or grounds.
'Other housing units' are huts, cabins, shacks, shanties, caravans, houseboats, barns, mills, caves or any other shelter used for human habitation at the time of the census, irrespective if it was designed for human habitation.
'Collective living quarters' are premises which are designed for habitation by large groups of individuals or several households and which are used as the usual residence of at least one person at the time of the census.
'Occupied conventional dwellings', 'other housing units' and 'collective living quarters' together represent'‘living quarters'. Any 'living quarter' must be the usual residence of at least one person.

'Occupied conventional dwellings' are conventional dwellings which are the usual residence of one or more persons at the time of the census. 'Unoccupied conventional dwellings' are conventional dwellings which are not the usual residence of any person at the time of the census.
Conventional dwellings with persons present but not included in the census are classified under the category 'Dwellings reserved for seasonal or secondary use'.

The topic 'Type of ownership' refers to the ownership of the dwelling and not to that of the land on which the dwelling stands.
'Owner-occupied dwellings' are those where at least one occupant of the dwelling owns parts or the whole of the dwelling. 'Cooperative ownership' refers to ownership within the framework of a housing cooperative.
'Rented dwellings' are those where at least one occupant pays a rent for the occupation of the dwelling, and where no occupant owns parts or the whole of the dwelling.

The number of occupants of a housing unit is the number of people for whom the housing unit is the usual residence.

Useful floor space is defined as the floor space measured inside the outer walls excluding non-habitable cellars and attics and, in multi-dwelling buildings, all common spaces; or the total floor space of rooms falling under the concept of 'room'.
A 'room' is defined as a space in a housing unit enclosed by walls reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof, of a size large enough to hold a bed for an adult (4 square metres at least) and at least 2 metres high over the major area of the ceiling.

A 'room' is defined as a space in a housing unit enclosed by walls reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof, of a size large enough to hold a bed for an adult (4 square metres at least) and at least 2 metres high over the major area of the ceiling.

The topic ‘Density standard’ relates the useful floor space in square metres or the number of rooms to the number of occupants, as specified under the topic 'Number of occupants'.
Data report on the density standard measured by the 'useful floor space', or, if not possible, by the 'number of rooms'.

The topic ‘Density standard’ relates the useful floor space in square metres or the number of rooms to the number of occupants, as specified under the topic 'Number of occupants'.
Data report on the density standard measured by the 'useful floor space', or, if not possible, by the 'number of rooms'.

Total

Piped water in the housing unit

No piped water in the housing unit

Not stated

Total

Flush toilet in the housing unit

No flush toilet in the housing unit

Not stated

A bathing facility is any facility designed to wash the whole body and includes shower facilities.

A housing unit is considered as centrally heated if heating is provided either from a community heating centre or from an installation built in the building or in the housing unit, established for heating purposes, without regard to the source of energy.

The topic 'Dwellings by type of building' refers to the number of dwellings in the building in which the dwelling is placed.

The topic 'Dwellings by period of construction' refers to the year when the building in which the dwelling is placed was completed.

The EU programme for the 2011 population and housing censuses include data on persons, private households, family nuclei, conventional dwellings and living quarters

Persons enumerated in the 2011 census are those who were usually resident in the territory of the reporting country at the census reference date. Usual residence means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage

Data are available at different levels of geographical detail: national, NUTS2, NUTS3 and local administrative units (LAU2)

Data refer to the situation in the reporting country at the census reference date (see item 5)

Counts of statistical units

Common reminder of EU legislation

Act CXXXIX of 2009 on the census of 2011 (Amendments: Act XLIX of 2010, Act CXXXVII of 2010)

Government decree no. 305/2010 (23 December 2010) on certain tasks of the implementation of the census of 2011 (Amendments: Government decree no. 254/2011 (6 December 2011), Government decree no. 41/2012 (14 March 2012))

Government decree no. 1119/2012 (21 April 2012) on data entry

Instructions:

• Instruction I for preparation of the census, May 2011.
• Instruction II for persecution of the census, August 2011.
• Instruction for enumerators about the tasks of 2011 census, 2011
• Instruction for supervisors about the tasks of 2011 census, 2011
• Instruction for persons coding and supervising, 2011

Public procurements:

• About printing and delivery of questionnaires and other materials
• About professional support on IT works of 2011 census 
• About system for creating census districts and connected operation of the system
• About Census Data Collection Support System and connected operation of the system 
• About IT infrastructure for census data entry and data processing

General legal background:

Act XLVI of 1993 on statistics

Act CXII of 2011 on data protection

Act LXXVII of 1993 on national and ethnic minorities

Bodies responsible for territorial preparation and persecution of the census data collection:
a) Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO),
b) local governments,
c) heads of the institutions maintained by the Hungarian Army and law enforcement agencies,
d) county (capital) administrative authorities,
e) central body maintaining the Personal data and Address Register.

Not available.

Confidentiality requirements appear in all areas of the census. The Census Act guarantees that the data collected over the census execution should not be linked with the respondents later.

Participants of the census exercise were obligated to strict privacy. Gathering and processing the questionnaires was carried out in a strict order. Neither the name nor the identification of the respondent which could have allow linking census data with data in administrative registers was present on the census questionnaire.

Unique census identifiers and identification codes enabled respondents to fill the questionnaires online. This procedure guaranteed that no unauthorized persons could have access to any personal data. Paper questionnaires from the county census offices were taken directly to the premise of central data processing meeting the requirements of safe delivery.

After data processing addresses and census data has been stored separately. After data entry paper questionnaires were destroyed. Digital images of the questionnaires are stored, but address is not present on them anymore.

Data are disseminated observing strict data protection rules. Data are published in statistical aggregates. The protection of statistical data is regulated by the Statistical Act and the Data Protection Act. In addition, there are several directions and provisions of the President of the HCSO about detailed data protection measures. All these legal acts and procedures protect individual data collected in the census against disclosure.

The statistical office is responsible for observing data protection and data security requirements. An independent body was supervising data protection during the entire census process (until 31st December 2011 the Ombudsman for data protection, after that the National Authority for Data Protection and Freedom of Information).

Census data dissemination has to serve the users’ needs for detailed territorial data, and at the same time meet the requirements of protection against disclosure. The aim is to avoid publishing extremely low occurrence in data dissemination. Locality level data are disseminated observing the “rule of three” (occurrences under 3 are not published) for topics considered sensitive such as marital status, economic activity, occupation, industry, commuting, nationality, religion, disability, long-term illness. In case the masked value can be calculated still, secondary data protection process is used. In deeper than locality level dissemination the “rule of three” is used for all topics.

The output produced from census microdata sets by users in the Research room is strictly checked against disclosure control.

Data are made available 27 months after the end of the reference period (March 2014)

All publications with related methodological guidelines and Public Use Files from the 2011 census are available on the HCSO census website (http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas). English versions are continually made available.

Press conferences drew the attention of the public to the publication of preliminary and final data. The Dissemination Calendar of the HCSO gives up-to-date information about the forthcoming publications to users (http://www.ksh.hu/apps/shop.egyeb?p_session_id=811532028356598&p_lang=EN&p_sablon=NAPTAR). The census website informs about new releases, while the Publication Repertory (http://www.ksh.hu/apps/shop.main) informs about the printed publications also.

Questions about publications, unique data requests or methodology can be sent to the statistical office (info@ksh.hu) or directly to Census Department (nepszamlalas@ksh.hu).

Data on population and housing censuses are disseminated every decade

In preparation phase:

• 3 press conferences, discussion forums about 2011 census preparations (2009-2011)
• 6 meetings, press conferences about the cooperation with civil organizations representing nationalities, churches, libraries (2011)

In data collection and data processing phase:

• 10 press conferences, conferences, discussion forums about execution of the census and data processing (2011-2012)

In dissemination phase:

• press conference about the dissemination of preliminary census data (2012)
• press conference about dissemination of final census data (2013)

1. Preliminary data (27/03/2012)
2. Preliminary data – Characteristics of population and dwellings (04/10/2012)
3. National and regional data (28/03/2013)
4. Demographic data (27/08/2013)
5. Living conditions of households and families (27/08/2013)
6. Dwellings and their inhabitants  (25/10/2013)
7. Educational data (05/12/2013)
8. Employment, unemployment, commuting (20/12/2013)
9. Nationality data (05/02/2014)
10. Religion, denomination (27/02/2014)
11. Persons with disability (03/2014)

Data of parliamentary individual election districts (13/11/2013)

All publications are available online: http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas/

In the dissemination database of the HCSO 10 region and county level datasets are available, 8 sets containing population, 2 sets containing dwelling data. (http://statinfo.ksh.hu)

For the purpose of scientific research of statistical data a Research Room is available in the HCSO where the access to anonymised microdata is provided in strict compliance with the high-level protection of individual data and the rules of data protection (http://www.ksh.hu/kutatoszoba).

Services of the Research room are available only after the Research room contract and the Confidentiality declaration were signed.

An anonymized 10 per cent sample of the 2011 census microdata is permanently available in the Research Room. In case this dataset does not fully correspond to a certain research purpose, on the basis of a separate agreement, the researcher may ask for producing a special dataset meeting his/her requirements and ensuring access to it in the Research room.

The demand for research can be initiated by completing the research application form, which will be judged by the Census department of HCSO.

The use of datasets permanently available in the research room, preliminarily compiled for research, is free.

Public Use Files available on the website help the preparation for the research.  (http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas/tesztallomanyok)

Studies and analyses published in different professional journals:

- 6 studies about census preparations (2008-2011)

- 9 studies about census data (2013)

A separate legal act declared the method of execution of the 2011 Hungarian census and other high-level legal regulations defined the details of execution.

HCSO developed a special census website (http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas/) in order to inform the public about the basic legal documents, the census methodology, the census process, the actual phase of data processing and later about the results. The census questionnaires and instructions in 19 languages were also published on the website.

Methodological documentation named "Methodological notes and definitions" that helps understanding data disseminations is also available on the website.

To help researchers Public Use Files with related record descriptions are available on the website.

Detailed national quality report will be published on the HCSO census website in 2014.

The entire process of the census was monitored by quality indicators. Results of processing and census data also had been observed by quality indicators.

Instructions for the different actors of the census data collections as well as the contracts and other documents of the outsourced work contained numerous quality requirements.

The quality assurance of outsourced IT tasks had been carried out by external firm dealing with quality assurance. Resulting documents are archived in the administration libraries of the Census IT project. Some of these documents are available on the HCSO census website.

Detailed national quality report is being produced to present comprehensively the measuring methods and the results regarding the processes and also the data. Quality report will be available on the HCSO census website in 2014 http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas/.

The 2011 year Hungarian Census meets the expectations by all quality criteria.

Relevance: The scope of census topics mandatory by EU regulation had been expanded based on the results of several discussion forums organized for users in the preparatory phase of the census.

Completeness: Post enumeration survey one month after the census examined completeness.

Reliability: Data derived from full-scope enumeration are reliable for all topics.

Timeliness, punctuality: Preliminary census data had been released four month after the end of data collection (March 2012). The first publication of final data appeared in 28^th March 2013. Since then data publications about different census topics have been released continuously. Quality problems regarding the punctuality of the data had not been revealed.

Comparability: For the definition of census topics the methodology prescribed in the EU regulation and the UNECE recommendation had been used to ensure EU level comparability.

The address register of the HCSO was the frame of the enumeration. This register contains the addresses of all the dwellings, other occupied housing units and holiday houses in Hungary.

Coverage of the dwelling stock: The enumerators had to make account of all the addresses of the frame of enumeration in their enumeration districts (address enumerated, address not existing). The addresses found in the district had to be added as new. A map of the district helped the work of the enumerators, which ensured covering all the addresses and avoiding double counting.

Coverage of the population living in dwellings and institutions: The enumerators had to make account of all the addresses in their enumeration districts and they had to enumerate all persons considered to belong in the scope of the census.

Coverage of the homeless persons: The notary of the settlement ensured enumerating homeless persons based on the Instruction for notaries.

Information about the realization of enumeration (address enumerated, address partly enumerated, address not enumerated) had been registered in the monitoring system. Data of partly or not enumerated addresses (under-coverage) had been taken from the Official Population and Address Register maintained by central agency in order to ensure full-scope enumeration of dwellings and population living in the dwellings.

At the start of the data processing not occupied holiday houses that did not belong to the scope of the census (dwelling over-coverage) had been filtered out based on dwelling questionnaire data. These questionnaires were not further processed. Those persons who were enumerated not only in their usual residence but also in another address (population over-coverage) had been filtered out also in the processing based on questionnaire information. Questionnaires considered redundant were not further processed.

HCSO carried out a Post Enumeration Survey for quality assessment two month after the census reference date, between 1 and 15 December 2011. The purpose of the PES was to examine the coverage of the census and to measure the accuracy of some basic data. The survey was voluntary.

To ensure the comparability with the census, the instructions for the enumeration were exactly the same as in the census exercise.

The PES was based on a single-stage stratified sample, selected from census districts. Assigning the sample the expected non-response rate of the voluntary survey based on non-response rates of other regular surveys conducted by HCSO had been taken into account. Finally 159 census enumeration districts were selected, containing 21 230 addresses (approximately 0,5% of the dwellings).

Enumerators re-visited all the addresses in the assigned districts with the same address list used in the census and completed the dwelling and personal questionnaires designed for the PES in face-to-face interview.

Questionnaires were designed to be able to handle the changes occurred since the census reference date (birth, death, migration).

The results of PES met the preliminary expectations.

The census data disseminated by Eurostat are addressed to policy makers, researchers, media and the general public.

No user satisfaction surveys are carried out. User inquiries are handled by the Eurostat User Support service.

Depends on the availability of data transmitted by the National Statistical Institutes.

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

There are no particular reasons for data unreliability for this topic

31/03/2014

The 2011 Hungarian census was a full-scope, questionnaire based enumeration ensuring EU level geographical comparability of the data.

Figures provided by the National Statistical Institutes in the framework of the 2011 Population and Housing Census may differ from those transmitted in other statistical domains due to the cross domain differences in definitions and methodologies used.  For additional information please see metadata specific to each domain.

Internal coherence is assured by regulations defining breakdowns and definitions of topics (Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009, Regulation (EU) No 519/2010, Regulation (EU) No 1151/2010)

Reducing the burden of respondents:

• Designing questions worded to be understandable and easily answerable for users based on the experiences of test censuses. The order of the questions was designed to be practical.
• The topics and questions were designed to minimize the time needed for filling. The aim was not to spend more than half an hour to answer the questions for an average household.
• Respondents could choose the most convenient way of answering from three options provided (online questionnaire, self-fulfilling on paper, interview with enumerator).
• The online method provided convenient respond option for 19% of the population.
• The public had been informed in advance in several channels. During the data collection information were provided via telephone and e-mail.
• The cost of the census was allocated to four years to reduce the negative affect on the budget of the country.

Reducing costs:

• Several tasks accounting considerable part of the census budget had been outsourced (creating enumeration districts, developing data collection and monitoring system, online questionnaire fill-in application, data processing). The contractors of the outsourced tasks had been chosen in public procurement with lower costs being an important aspect of evaluation.
• Using the Address Register of HCSO as frame made it possible to skip most before enumeration field address checks which reduced considerable costs.
• The online response option reduced the costs of data processing, as the data from the electronic form got directly into the database. Therefore about 20% of the questionnaires did not have to be scanned and processed.
• In order to reduce printing costs, participants of the census execution had been instructed by e-learning and in dissemination electronic publications are preferred.

No revision.

Questionnaire-based full scope enumeration (traditional census)

Questionnaire-based full scope enumeration (traditional census)

Questionnaire-based full scope enumeration (traditional census)

Questionnaire-based full scope enumeration (traditional census)

Questionnaire-based full scope enumeration (traditional census)

Data on population and housing censuses are collected every decade, in a reference year that falls during the beginning of every decade

Three test censuses had been carried out in the years preceding the census (2008, 2009, 2010). Various data collection techniques had been tested together in each, including internet data collection.

Census was based on the Address register of HCSO. For privacy reasons, the name of the person was not present on the questionnaire. In order to ensure completeness all the addresses got unique identification codes.

The 2011 census was carried out between 1 and 31 October, 2011. The reference date was 0 hour 1^st October 2011.

Before the census, enumerators checked the completeness of the addresses in their enumeration districts and delivered the respondent’s packages to the addresses. The package contained an information letter, the questionnaires (one dwelling questionnaire and one personal questionnaire) and instructions for completing the questionnaires.

The respondents had three options to complete the questionnaires:

• online questionnaire, 1-16 October
• self-completing paper questionnaires, 1-16 October
• interview with enumerator, 1-31 October

The data collection was executed in three different channels at the same time in the first 16 days of the enumeration, with the criteria of supplying data in one channel for one address.

The census was conducted by a hierarchical organization. The representatives of the statistical office (supervisors, territorial instructors, county instructors) worked in close collaboration with the notary of the settlement as well as other responsible administrative authorities (county administrative instructor of the census delegated by the county government office and directors of secure institutions). Around 40 000 enumerators and 8000 supervisors participated in field work.

The data collection process and online questionnaires were supported by the Census Data Collection Support System. Two basic units of the system were the online fill-in application and the monitoring system.

The monitoring system provided up-to-date information about the progress of the internet data collection and of the whole enumeration. The system stored the data of the participants and helped the information flow among them. Beside these functions addresses could have been corrected also in the system.

Before the enumeration HCSO informed the public about the census in various communication channels. Informing the public and the media was continuous during the whole enumeration process. To handle questions or problems information service was provided.

Supplementary data collection was carried out from 1 to 8 November 2011 to reach still missing persons.

For validation available continuous statistics and other data of other statistical fields had been used after clarifying differences in definitions. The basis of checking the data was continuous population and dwelling statistics data by localities.

Census data had been compared to the data of previous censuses and micro-censuses in order to verify trends.

Data from various administrative registers had been also used for validation taking into account the differences in definitions. 

Preparation for data processing:

At start paper questionnaires were prepared for data processing. Questionnaires were revised and a certain part of the textual answers were manually coded (place of residence, textual answers of religion and nationality).

Data capture:

Data capture was executed using OCR technology. Questionnaires were firstly reviewed then scanned. The identifiers, markers and numbers on the questionnaires were recognized. The address information was masked out during scanning. The three textual answers not previously coded (e.g. occupation) were captured fully manually. The identifier numbers on the questionnaires provided the link between the addresses and the dwelling and personal questionnaires.

Correction and editing:

After scanning the questionnaires had been checked and corrected by experts. At first the completeness of the enumeration districts then the validity of the codes had been checked. Next step was logical and consistence verification by more than 800 rules applied in the main census subjects: population categories, dwelling and demographic topics, household and family topics, educational attainment topics, and finally economic activity and sensitive questions. After the quality check of the transmitted data processed districts were loaded in the IT system of HCSO.

The internet fill-in application contained 250 built-in checks. Further editing of electronic questionnaires were executed the same way as paper questionnaires.

After loading and accepting the processed data into the system of HCSO, further corrections were carried out in the statistical office, which were only automatic corrections.

Coding:

The remaining textual answers were coded automatically using a G-Code application developed by the Canadian Statistical Office. Those texts which were not coded by the system were coded manually by experts of the statistical office using a coding application developed by HCSO.

Record imputation:

Record imputation was used in case of partially or not realized enumerations.  For the first time an administrative data source was used for imputation (Population Register). Donors had been chosen from the verified dataset based on available administrative information. In case the imputation procedure did not find a suitable donor, the scope of the matching variables were decreased. Each donor was used only once.