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For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support |
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1.1. Contact organisation | ISTAT - Italian National Institute of Statistics |
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1.2. Contact organisation unit |
DIPS- Department for statistical production DCAT – Directorate for environmental and territorial statistics ATC – Division for agricultural statistics |
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1.5. Contact mail address | Via della Civiltà del Lavoro 52, 00144 Roma, Italy Room 310 (2nd floor) |
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2.1. Data description | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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2.1.1. Main characteristics of statistics | |||
Object : Statistics on the use of pesticides, which are plant protection products, data-ref years 2015-2019. Italy collects data on the use of pesticides by farmers and growers, by means of sample surveys. Surveys produce estimates at national level. Data collection is by means of Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI). In the last years a preliminary phase of Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) was introduced. Estimates are about quantities and areas treated (the basic area treated, defined as the physical area of the crop treated at least once with a given active substance, independently of the number of applications). |
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2.1.2. Reference period of data collection | |||
2015-2019 |
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2.1.3. National legislation | |||
No | |||
2.1.3.1. National legislation - Name | |||
2.1.3.2. National legislation - Link | |||
2.1.3.3. National legislation - Responsible organisation | |||
2.1.3.4. National legislation - Year of entry into force | |||
2.1.3.5. National legislation - Coverage of variables required under EU legislation | |||
2.1.3.6. Divergence national definitions from EU regulation | |||
2.1.3.7. National legislation - Legal obligation for respondents to reply (Yes/No) | |||
2.1.4. Additional comments data description | |||
2.2. Classification system | |||
The classification used for pesticides corresponds to Annex III of Regulation (EC) No 1185/2009 (http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2009/1185/2017-03-09) of the European Parliament and of the Council. |
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2.3. Coverage - sector | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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2.3.1. Crops covered by the statistics | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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2.3.2. Commercial non-agricultural uses of pesticides | |||
Not applicable |
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2.4. Statistical concepts and definitions | |||
The data reported are the quantity of each active substances listed in Annex III of Regulation 1185/2009 contained in plant protection products used on a selected crop, expressed in kg. The area treated with each substance are expressed in hectares. |
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2.5. Statistical unit | |||
Farms and growers |
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2.6. Statistical population | |||
Agricultural holdings with relevant crops included in the list of the Minister for Agriculture |
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2.7. Reference area | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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2.7.1. Geographical area covered | |||
The entire territory of the country. Vatican and San Marino are excluded. |
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2.7.2. Inclusion of special territories | |||
2.8. Coverage - Time | |||
One crop per year from 2003 to 2014, two crops per year since 2015. |
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2.9. Base period | |||
Not applicable for Pesticide Use Statistics, because it is not based on an index number of time series. |
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3.1. Source data | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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3.2. Frequency of data collection | |||
Two surveys per year |
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3.3. Data collection | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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3.4. Data validation | |||
Validation activities include: comparing the statistics with previous cycles; confronting the statistics against other relevant data; investigating inconsistencies in the statistics; performing micro and macro data editing; outlier detection. |
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3.4.1. Data validation measures | |||
Manual Automatic |
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3.4.2. Target of data validation measures | |||
Outliers Aggregates Consistency |
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3.4.3. Specification target of data validation | |||
3.5. Data compilation | |||
Computation of aggregates: the quantity of pesticides products used is collected and the relative quantities of active substances are derived, then aggregates are obtained by summing up according to the hierarchical classifications (major groups, categories of products, chemical classes). |
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3.6. Adjustment | |||
Not applicable |
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4.1. Quality assurance | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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4.1.1. Quality management system in organisation | |||
Yes | |||
4.1.2. Specification of implementation | |||
Since the 90s Istat adopted a systematic approach to ensure quality in both statistical information and service to the community. For this purpose, the Italian National Institute of Statistics has defined a quality policy providing itself with appropriate tools as well as management changes to carry it out. Istat quality policy is aimed at the improvement of statistical outputs and processes through the development of appropriate methodologies and tools as well as an appropriate scientific and technical support, provided to the personnel directly involved in the production and dissemination of statistical information. Moreover, a set of standard quality indicators are regularly collected. From 2010 to 2016 a cycle of quality audits/self assessment procedures was applied to the main statistical processes. Istat quality policy is consistent with the European quality framework developed by Eurostat, and transposes its main principles and definitions. The endorsement in 2005 of the European Statistics Code of Practice (last revised in 2017) established the principles to be applied in order to ensure and strengthen both the trust and the quality of the European Statistical System. Essential points of Istat quality policy are: Process quality: consisting in the production of accurate statistical information efficiently and effectively; A centralised team is in charge of performing the following tasks: to promote the development and use of methodologies and techniques to improve the statistical quality within Istat and the National Statistical System as well, in accordance with the European and international principles and standards. This unit is supported by a network of more than 100 quality pilots, trained on quality issues and documentation, in charge of monitoring the quality of production processes they are involved in, calculating quality indicators as well as keeping updated the documentation for their own production process. For further information: https://www.istat.it/en/organisation-and-activity/institutional-activities/quality-commitment In 2011 a self-assessment procedure was applied to this survey. |
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4.1.3. Peer review | |||
No | |||
4.1.4. Main conclusions peer review | |||
4.1.5. Future quality improvements | |||
4.1.6. Specification of quality improvements | |||
4.1.7. Additional comments quality assurance | |||
4.2. Quality management - assessment | |||
Output accuracy is strongly affected by the weakness of the frame. In particular overcoverage and undercoverage of the initial list can cause bias that can not be evaluated. Further bias is caused by unavailability of effective telephone numbers in the list (CAWI could help in overcoming this problem but a test showed that it works only partially). |
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4.2.1. Overall quality | |||
Stable | |||
4.2.2. Relevance | |||
Stable | |||
4.2.3. Accuracy and reliability | |||
Stable | |||
4.2.4. Timeliness and punctuality | |||
Stable | |||
4.2.5. Comparability | |||
Stable | |||
4.2.6. Coherence | |||
Stable | |||
4.2.7. Additional comments quality assessment | |||
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5.1. Relevance - User Needs | |||
Main data users: - Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA (Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale) - Ministry of agriculture. They use these data, for example, ISPRA draws up a Report on the presence of pesticides in water in order to regularly provide information on the water quality in relation to the risks of these substances. Both the institutions cooperate with Istat for the National Action Plan to achieve a sustainable use of pesticides (DIRECTIVE 2009/128/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL). |
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5.1.1. Unmet user needs | |||
Not available |
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5.1.2. Plans for satisfying unfilled user needs | |||
Not applicable |
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5.1.3. Additional comments user needs | |||
5.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction | |||
Istat is constantly interested in understanding who the users of the statistics it produces are, what the information needs are, whether they match production and if the statistics produced satisfy users. To this aim, together with the analysis of user requests received through the Web Contact Center service, tools for direct consultation were developed, such as the annual online survey of customer satisfaction and indirect tools such as analysis of accesses and of users' browsing paths on the web site. |
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5.2.1. User satisfaction survey | |||
Yes | |||
5.2.2. Year of user satisfaction survey | |||
2019 |
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5.2.3. Satisfaction level | |||
Satisfied | |||
5.2.4. Additional comments user satisfaction | |||
5.3. Completeness | |||
See sub-category below. |
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5.3.1. Data completeness - rate | |||
Not applicable for Pesticide Use Statistics because in this data collection, there is no target on the number of data. Member States are asked to collect data on representative crops without stipulating the number of crops. |
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6.1. Accuracy - overall | |||
See point 4.2 |
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6.1.1. Grading of accuracy | |||
Moderate | |||
6.1.2. Factors lowering accuracy | |||
Coverage error Other |
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6.1.3. Specification of factors | |||
The set of respondents can not be considered as a probability random sample. |
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6.1.4. Additional comments overall accuracy | |||
6.2. Sampling error | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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6.3. Non-sampling error | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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6.3.1. Coverage error | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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6.3.2. Measurement error | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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6.3.3. Non response error | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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6.3.4. Processing error | |||
See the attached Excel file in the Annexes. |
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6.3.5. Model assumption error | |||
Not applicable |
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6.4. Seasonal adjustment | |||
Seasonal adjustment is not applicable to pesticide use statistics since all plant protection treatments associated directly or indirectly with the crop during the reference period are reported. |
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6.5. Data revision - policy | |||
Not applicable |
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6.6. Data revision - practice | |||
Only final data are released. |
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6.6.1. Data revision - average size | |||
Not applicable |
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6.6.2. Data revisions - conceptual changes | |||
6.6.3. Reason for revisions | |||
6.6.4. Impact of revisions | |||
6.6.5. Additional comments data revisions | |||
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7.1. Timeliness | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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7.1.1. Time lag - first result | |||
Not applicable |
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7.1.2. Time lag - final result | |||
180 days after reference year |
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7.1.3. Reasons for possible long production times? | |||
7.2. Punctuality | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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7.2.4. Punctuality - delivery and publication | |||
0 days of delay, IT-problem on Eurostat’s side did not allow a transmission of the data in time. |
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7.2.1. Data release according to schedule | |||
NO | |||
7.2.2. Data release on target date | |||
7.2.3. Reasons for delays | |||
IT-problem on Eurostat’s side did not allow a transmission of the data in time. |
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8.1. Comparability - geographical | |||
Data are collected on a country level (NUTS 0). Therefore, the data are not comparable on a regional level. The geographical comparability between countries is evaluated by Eurostat. |
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8.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient | |||
Not applicable, because there are no mirror flows in Pesticide Use Statistics. |
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8.2. Comparability - over time | |||
Not applicable for Pesticide Use Statistics, because it is not based on time series. |
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8.2.1. Length of comparable time series | |||
Not applicable for Pesticide Use Statistics, because it is not based on time series. |
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8.3. Coherence - cross domain | |||
Not available. |
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8.4. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics | |||
Not applicable for Pesticide Use Statistics, because the data collection is based on a five-year period. |
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8.5. Coherence - National Accounts | |||
Not applicable, because it has no relevance for national accounts. |
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8.6. Coherence - internal | |||
A good internal coherence of the data was ensured due to the harmonised classification of pesticides and crops. |
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9.1. Dissemination format - News release | |||
Not applicable |
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9.1.1. Publication of news releases | |||
No | |||
9.1.2. Link to news releases | |||
9.2. Dissemination format - Publications | |||
Not applicable |
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9.2.1. Production of paper publication | |||
No | |||
9.2.2. English paper publication | |||
No | |||
9.2.3. Production of electronic publication | |||
No | |||
9.2.4. English electronic publication | |||
No | |||
9.2.5. Link to publications | |||
9.3. Dissemination format - online database | |||
Istat dissemination database I.Stat |
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9.3.1. Data tables - consultations | |||
In 2019, more than 4000 consultations for PPP data including both sales and use of pesticides statistics |
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9.3.2. Accessibility of on-line database | |||
Yes | |||
9.3.3. Link to on-line database | |||
9.4. Dissemination format - microdata access | |||
Researchers and academics can access microdata through the Laboratory for Elementary Data Analysis (ADELE). |
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9.4.1. Accessibility of micro-data | |||
Yes | |||
9.4.2. Link to micro-data | |||
9.5. Dissemination format - other | |||
9.6. Documentation on methodology | |||
http://siqual.istat.it/SIQual/visualizza.do?id=5000010&language=UK |
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9.6.1. Availability of national reference metadata | |||
Yes | |||
9.6.2. Link to national reference metadata | |||
http://siqual.istat.it/SIQual/visualizza.do?id=5000010&language=UK |
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9.6.3. Availability of methodological papers | |||
No | |||
9.6.4. Link to methodological papers | |||
9.6.5. Availability of handbook | |||
No | |||
9.6.6. Link to handbook | |||
9.7. Quality management - documentation | |||
Quality documentation is currently being updated |
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9.7.1. Metadata completeness - rate | |||
Not yet available |
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9.7.2. Metadata - consultations | |||
Not yet available |
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9.7.3. Availability of quality report | |||
NO | |||
9.7.4. Link to quality report | |||
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Not available |
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10.1. Efficiency gains | |||
Other | |||
10.2. Specification efficiency gains | |||
CAWI technique as a possibility to answer to the survey has been introduced since 2018 |
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10.3. Measures to reduce burden | |||
Other | |||
10.4. Specification burden reduction | |||
The sample is possibly disjoint from other samples in agriculture surveys |
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11.1. Confidentiality - policy | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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11.1.1. Transmission of confidential national data to Eurostat | |||
Yes | |||
11.1.2. Confidentiality according to Regulation | |||
Yes | |||
11.1.3. Data confidentiality policy | |||
Several national legal acts guarantee the confidentiality of data requested for statistical purposes. In Italy, according to art. 9, paragraph 1 of the Legislative Decree n. 322 of 1989, statistical data cannot be disseminated but in aggregated form, in order to make it impossible to make any reference to identifiable individuals. They can only be used for statistical purposes. Official statistics must also safeguard the rights, basic freedoms, and dignity of respondents, in particular with regard to the right to confidentiality and personal identity. Istat assures the protection of personal data according to the General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC) and Italian Data Protection Code (Legislative Decree no. 196/2003) and Code of conduct and professional practice applying to the processing of personal data for statistical and scientific research purposes within the framework of the national statistical system. In order to make statistical secrecy and protection of personal data effective, Istat is currently taking appropriate organisational, logistical, methodological and statistical measures in accordance with internationally established standards. Moreover, Legislative Decree n. 322 of 1989, art. 6 and 6 bis provides that the exchange of personal data within the National Statistical System (Sistan) is possible if it is necessary to fulfil requirements provided by the National Statistical Programme or to allow the pursuit of institutional purposes. Finally, in implementation of art. 5-ter of the legislative decree 14 March 2013, no. 33, the new "Guidelines for the access for scientific purposes to the elementary data of the National Statistical System" establish the conditions under which the bodies and offices of the National Statistical System can allow researchers to access their own elementary data for scientific purposes. |
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11.2. Confidentiality - data treatment | |||
See sub-categories below. |
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11.2.1. Procedures for confidentiality | |||
No confidentiality treatments are required for the current dissemination policy, since data are not disseminated by active substances. |
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11.2.2. Additional comments confidentiality - data treatment | |||
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Annex ESQRS PESTUSE 2015-2019 IT Questionnaire |