Trips of EU residents - annual data (tour_dem)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Hungarian Central Statistical Office


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Metadata update
3. Statistical presentation
4. Unit of measure
5. Reference Period
6. Institutional Mandate
7. Confidentiality
8. Release policy
9. Frequency of dissemination
10. Accessibility and clarity
11. Quality management
12. Relevance
13. Accuracy
14. Timeliness and punctuality
15. Coherence and comparability
16. Cost and Burden
17. Data revision
18. Statistical processing
19. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

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1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Hungarian Central Statistical Office
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Sectoral Statistics Department
1.5. Contact mail address

Hungarian Central Statistical Office H-1024 Budapest Keleti K. st. 5-7., Hungary


2. Metadata update Top
2.1. Metadata last certified 28/09/2023
2.2. Metadata last posted 28/09/2023
2.3. Metadata last update 28/09/2023


3. Statistical presentation Top
3.1. Data description

Survey 1 (domestic):

Participation in tourism

Same-day domestic trips

Trips with overnight stay


Characteristics of trips and tourists as follows:
data suppliers: household size, gender, age, education level
trips: date, duration, purpose, participants, destination, transport, accommodation, expenditures

Survey 2: Voluntary border survey focusing on outbound tourism. The purpose of the surveys is to analyse the international travel habits of the Hungarian population

Main indicators:
- Number of same-day and overnight visitors, their characteristics (demography - sex, age; organization of travel, destinations)
- Length of stay, on the whole and on average
- Number of tourism trips, characteristics of trips (destinations, organization of trips, means of transport used)
- Tourism expenditures (on the whole and by list items)
- Purpose of trip (motivation)
- Type of accommodation used
- Organisation of trip
3.2. Classification system

Not applicable.
3.3. Coverage - sector

National tourism: domestic tourism and outbound tourism (trips made by residents of the reporting country).
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions

See Regulation 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681 and Methodological Manual for Tourism Statistics
3.4.2 Additional comments (e.g. country-specific deviations)
3.5. Statistical unit
3.5.1 Statistical unit 

Participation in tourism: the individual.
Tourism trips: the tourism trip with at least one overnight stay made by the individual.
Same-day visits: the SDV made by the individual.
3.5.2 Reporting unit Other
3.5.3 If other or additional comments, please specify

Reporting Unit:
Survey 1 Domestic tourism and participation in tourism: indiviudal (a person who possesses information about trips made by the household members).
Survey 2 Outbound tourism: individual
3.6. Statistical population
3.6.1 Statistical population

Participation in tourism: All residents aged 15 or over.

Tourism trips: All tourism trips of at least one overnight stay made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over

Same-day visits: All SDV made outside the usual environment by the residents aged 15 or over.
3.6.2 Additional comments (e.g. deviating coverage in terms of age groups, multiple surveys with different subpopulation, inclusion of domestic same-day visits in years where this is not compulsory)

Survey 1: Domestic tourism trips: all domestic tourism trips of at least one overnight stay made outside the usual environment by the resident population. Referring to the data transmitted to Eurostat, the database contains only the overnight trips made by individuals aged 15 and over.
Participation in tourism: all individuals, residing in the country.
Survey 2: Outbound tourism trips: all tourism trips of at least one overnight stay made outside the usual environment, by the Hungarians travelling abroad. Referring to the data transmitted to Eurostat, the database contains only the overnight trips made by individuals aged 15 and over.
3.7. Reference area

Entire territory of Hungary.
3.8. Coverage - Time

Coverage - Time [data comparable since (YYYY)]

3.8.1 Participation in tourism (Year)

2009
3.8.2 Tourism trips (Year)

outbound trips: 2007

domestic trips: 2009
3.8.3 Same-day visits (outbound) (Year)

2007
3.8.4 Same-day visits (domestic) (Year)

2015
3.8.5 Additional comments (e.g. longer series for subgroups)

Tourism trips:
Survey 1: Domestic tourism trips: from 2009 onwards;
Survey 2: Outbound tourism trips: from 2007 onwards.
3.9. Base period

Not applicable.


4. Unit of measure Top

Not applicable.


5. Reference Period Top

2022


6. Institutional Mandate Top
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements
6.1.1 European level

Regulation 692/2011

Regulation 1051/2011

Delegated Regulation 2019/1681
6.1.2 National level

Act No. CLV of 2016 on Official Statistics http://www.ksh.hu/docs/bemutatkozas/hun/2016_evi_stat_torveny.pdf 

Government Decree 184/2017 (VII.5) on implementing of Act No. CLV of 2016 on Official Statistics https://www.ksh.hu/docs/bemutatkozas/hun/2016_evi_stat_torveny_vegrehajtasarol.pdf
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

Not applicable.


7. Confidentiality Top
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

Survey 1: Data provision is voluntary. Confidentiality is guaranteed by law (Act CXII of 2011 on the Right of Informational Self-Determination and on Freedom of Information).
Only aggregated data are published.
Survey 2: Data provision is voluntary. Confidentiality is guaranteed by law (Act CXII of 2011 on the Right of Informational Self-Determination and on Freedom of Information).
Only aggregated data are published. Data are recorded without information that can be used for identification.



Annexes:
Privacy_Act
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

Survey 1: Identification variables are stored separately.
The professional staff involved in the actions of the individual statistical data collection is trained to respect the principle of confidentiality. Applications provide access based on user name and password.
HCSO provides aggregated data only that makes the identification of individuals impossible.
Survey 2: HCSO does not ask personal data that can be used for identification. Data refer to the trips. Only aggregated data are disseminated.


8. Release policy Top
8.1. Release calendar

Survey 1: A dissemination calendar is published on the website of HCSO. The calendar is prepared and published a year in advance. Release of data on domestic tourism demand is according to schedule announced in this calendar.

Tables (Stadat)

Dissemination database

Publication: Tourism, catering 2022. Date: 15.06.2023


Survey 2: A dissemination calendar is published on the website of HCSO. Quarterly release of data on international tourism demand is according to schedule announced in this calendar.
The calendar is prepared and published a year in advance.
Title of publications:
- International trips, every quarter in I, II, III, IV
- Tourism, catering 2022. Yearly report on tourism. Publication: 15.06.2023
8.2. Release calendar access

Release Calendar HCSO: https://www.ksh.hu/katalogus/#/en
8.3. Release policy - user access

All users have been granted an equal access to official statistics: this means that the dissemination dates of official statistics have to be announced in advance and no one can have access to the official statistics (results of official statistical surveys) before other users. Official statistics are available on the website on the date announced in the release calendar.


9. Frequency of dissemination Top

Quarterly.


10. Accessibility and clarity Top
10.1. Dissemination format - News release

Tourism, catering 2022. Yearly report on tourism.

Quarterly publication on International tourism trips.



Annexes:
Tourism, catering 2022. Yearly report on tourism.
Quarterly publication on International tourism trips.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Survey 1: Tourism, catering, 2022 (participation; characteristics of trips; tourism expenditure data).

Survey 2: Tourism, catering, 2022 (participation; characteristics of trips; tourism expenditure data)
International tourism demand (quarterly summary of the main trends in the demand side of tourism in a series of Statistical Reflections)



Annexes:
Survey 1: Tourism, catering, 2022 (participation; characteristics of trips; tourism expenditure data).
Survey 2: Tourism, catering, 2021 (participation; characteristics of trips; tourism expenditure data).
International tourism demand (quarterly summary of the main trends in the demand side of tourism in a series of Statistical Reflections.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database

Dissemination database - Tourism demand. 

Built-in tables - STADAT.



Annexes:
Dissemination database - Tourism demand
STADAT built-in tables
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Microdata are not published.
10.5. Dissemination format - other

- data about the trips made by individuals of all age-groups
- more detailed expenditure data
- more detailed motivation list
10.6. Documentation on methodology

Metainformation.



Annexes:
Metainformation
10.7. Quality management - documentation

Metainformation.



Annexes:
Quality meta information


11. Quality management Top
11.1. Quality assurance

Quality guidelines.

Quality of data:

  • Relevance -
    The main data users of tourism demand statistics are the National Bank of Hungary, EUROSTAT, UNWTO, OECD, Hungarian Tourism Agency, Cabinet Office of the Prime Minister, national, regional and local organisations. Data collections established on the Regulation (EU) No 692/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2011 concerning European statistics on tourism and repealing Council Directive 95/57/EC. The data are useful in determining the tourism policy objectives, establish and measure the results of marketing and strategic decisions.
  • Accuracy -
    OSAP 1942 inlcludes CAPI, CAPI and CAWI data collection, with implemented control, micro and macro validation. The sample is a stratified based on non-probability sample. Data collection OSAP 2007 is conducted through in selected border stations (or near the discontinued Schengen border stations), in selected days and periods. Data collection is continuous.
  • Comparability -
    Data collections established on the Regulation (EU) No 692/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2011 concerning European statistics on tourism and repealing Council Directive 95/57/EC, therefore the comparability of definitions, classifications and methodologies applied is assured. The used definitions and nomenclatures recommended by Eurostat ensure the comparability.
  • Coherence  -
    The main users of the Questionnaire No. 1942 and Questionnaire No. 2007 are the Hungarian Tourism Agency, the National Bank of Hungary, National Accounts and External Trade Statistics Department of HCSO. Questionnaire No. 2007 data includes the amounts of international traffic, insurance and durable and expensive consumer goods. The National Bank of Hungary, the National Accounts and External Trade Statistics department of HCSO use data without these costs. Passenger traffic export and import data published by External Trade Statistics department of HCSO. The tourism demand statistics is coherent to other statistics concerning applied methodology or definitions.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
11.2.1 Main strengths

There are some procedures for ensuring the quality of data (e.g. filtering outliers, inconsistencies observation of non-response).

Survey 1:
- High sample size
- Low non-response rate
- Data are frequently used by media, organizations, companies and researchers

Survey 2:
- Continuous time series from 2004 (Data are comparable from 2007)
- Detailed questionnaire
- Use of PDA since 2006
- Data are frequently used by media, organizations, companies and researchers
11.2.2 Main weaknesses

Survey 1:
- Uneven non-response rate related to different segments of society
- The survey has undergone a lot of changes and is therefore not comparable before 2009
- Recall bias (long recall period as it is a quarterly survey)

Survey 2:
- High non-response rate for expenditures
- Travellers using train are not involved
- Travellers using bus are partly missing from the sample
11.2.3 Quality improvements compared with previous reference year

–


12. Relevance Top
12.1. Relevance - User Needs
12.1.1 European level

See: Regulation 692/2011
12.1.2 Main users on a national level

Members of the Official Statistical System (including Cabinet Office of the Prime Minister) express their wishes before the compilation of the yearly updated National Data Collection Program.
No significant unfulfilled user needs. HCSO takes user needs into consideration when conducting the survey.
Main data users are Eurostat, Cabinet Office of the Prime Minister, National Bank, Hungarian Tourism Agency and other institutes and experts.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

User satisfaction is measured via download statistics for publications and data.
12.3. Completeness
12.3.1 Completeness

Compliant with the requirements of Regulation on tourism statistics 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681, as well as recommendations laid down in the Methodological Manual for tourism statistics.
12.3.2 If not, please specify why and list deviations from Reg.


13. Accuracy Top
13.1. Accuracy - overall

Survey 1: This is a household survey with a partly one-stage, partly two-stage probability sample of dwellings. Apart from attrition, the 2-4th quarterly samples are the same as the first quarter's sample. In the annual sample each household can appear 1-4 times. Unit non-response is handled with the ordinary integrated calibration to known population totals.
Main sources of error:
- Household unavailable, Non-response
- recall bias (long recall period as it is a quarterly survey)

Survey 2: This survey is conducted at border-crossing points. The sample of these points is not a probability sample. Within the selected points several days were selected with some systematic method which ensures the proper representation of different types of days and the coverage of the whole month. The interviewer has to work continuously in the randomly selected time of day, which yields also a non-probability sample of vehicles/individuals. Non-response rate is relatively high for questions on expenditures.

Due to the war in Ukraine, the questionnaire survey on the Ukrainian border is suspended from the end of February 2022. Because of the above, the estimate for the year is not based on total visitor traffic (excluding the Ukrainian border section). The reliability of the published data has decreased and those are only to a limited extent comparable to the data of previous periods.

Imputatation rates are as follows: Accommodation, Catering (32%), Transport (59%), Travel agency (55%), Others (35%).
13.2. Sampling error

13.2.1 Sampling errors - indicators

Information on Sampling errors may also be provided in the attached file.  Estimated value Coefficient of variation
13.2.1.1 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 15 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay (all age groups)

4,411,759

1.1
13.2.1.2 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 65 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay

851,747

3.0
13.2.1.3 Tourism trips - Total number of trips

16,128,643

1.5
13.2.1.4 Domestic trips

10,612,325

1.8
13.2.1.5 Outbound trips

5,516,318

2.5
13.2.1.6 Private/Personal trips

15,297,544

1.5
13.2.1.7 Professional/business trips

831,099

5.1
13.2.1.8 Domestic trips spent at rented accommodation

5,540,909

1.5
13.2.1.9 Domestic trips spent at non-rented accommodation

5,071,416

3.3
13.2.1.10 Tourism trips - Total expenditure excluding durables and valuable goods

1,205,802,429

1.9
13.2.1.11 Expenditure on accommodation

437,272,050

1.8


13.2.2 Additional comments on sampling error

Survey 2: Due to the war in Ukraine, the questionnaire survey on the Ukrainian border is suspended from the end of February 2022. Because of the above, the estimate for the year is not based on total visitor traffic (excluding the Ukrainian border section). The reliability of the published data has decreased and those are only to a limited extent comparable to the data of previous periods.





 
13.3. Non-sampling error

13.3.1 Coverage errors

13.3.1.1 Over-coverage

- The flat is uninhabited
- Dwelling is not used for living
- Address is incorrect
- Foreigner households
13.3.1.2 Under-coverage

Only private households are covered


13.3.2 Unit non-response for TRIPS dataset

  Unit non-response
13.3.2.1 Number of ineligible units/ elements

2698
13.3.2.2 Number of eligible units/elements

43496
13.3.2.3 Number of non-contacts

6837
13.3.2.4 Number of refusals

3236
13.3.2.5 Number of rejected questionnaires

N.A.
13.3.2.6 Number of other types of non-response

1741
13.3.2.7 Total non-response (= sum of 13.3.2.3 to 13.3.2.6)

11814


13.3.3 Unit non-response rate

13.3.3.1 Unit non-response rate for TRIPS dataset (= 13.3.2.7 divided by 13.3.2.2)

27.2
13.3.3.2 Unit non-response rate for PARTIC dataset

27.2
13.3.3.3 Unit non-response rate for SDVOUT dataset

33.4
13.3.3.4 Methods used for dealing with/minimising unit non-response

There is no imputation, but weighting process minimises the deviation caused by non-response units.


13.3.4 Item non-response

13.3.4.1 Item non-response

Not applicable. (An interview is successful if every important question is answerd.)
13.3.4.2 Methods used for dealing with/minimising item non-response

No imputation.


13.3.5 Additional comments on non-sampling error 

Survey 2: 

This survey is conducted at border-crossing points. The sample of these points is not a probability sample. Within the selected points several days were selected with some systematic method which ensures the proper representation of different types of days and the coverage of the whole month. The interviewer has to work continuously in the randomly selected time of day, which yields also a non-probability sample of vehicles/individuals. Non-response rate is relatively high for questions on expenditures.

Due to the war in Ukraine, the questionnaire survey on the Ukrainian border is suspended from the end of February 2022. Because of the above, the estimate for the year is not based on total visitor traffic (excluding the Ukrainian border section). The reliability of the published data has decreased and those are only to a limited extent comparable to the data of previous periods.

Imputatation rates are as follows: Accommodation, Catering (32%), Transport (59%), Travel agency (55%), Others (35%).


(in case of second survey please briefly describe 13.3.1-13.3.4 here)


14. Timeliness and punctuality Top
14.1. Timeliness
14.1.1 Participation in tourism

Survey 1: 110 days
Survey 2: 66 days
14.1.2 Tourism trips

Survey 1: 90 days
Survey 2: 66 days
14.1.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

Survey 2: 66 days
14.2. Punctuality
14.2.1 Participation in tourism

-10 days
14.2.2 Tourism trips

-17 days
14.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

-11 days


15. Coherence and comparability Top
15.1. Comparability - geographical

See 3.7 (in case of deviations for geographical coverage)
15.2. Comparability - over time
15.2.1 Participation in tourism

See 3.8.1
Survey 1: Data are comparable from 2009 onwards. From that year, data on regular trips for homecoming or work (study) purposes made by individuals working (studying) outside of their place of residence are excluded (trips made by individuals with two usual environments).
Survey 2: Data are comparable from 2007 onwards. From this year, data do not cover employees who are not resident in Hungary.
15.2.2 Tourism trips

See 3.8.2

Survey 1: Data are comparable from 2009 onwards. From that year, data on regular trips for homecoming or work (study) purposes made by individuals working (studying) outside of their place of residence are excluded (trips made by individuals with two usual environments).
Survey 2: Data are comparable from 2007 onwards. From this year, data do not cover employees who are not resident in Hungary.
15.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)

See 3.8.3

Survey 2: Data are comparable from 2007 onwards. From this year, data do not cover employees who are not resident in Hungary.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain

Survey 1: Data deriving from accommodation statistics are taken into consideration during grossing up procedure in order to improve coherence and data quality. Number of domestic tourists are the same in both surveys.

Survey 2: Not relevant.
15.4. Coherence - internal

Not applicable.


16. Cost and Burden Top

Data on cost and burden are not systematically collected.


17. Data revision Top
17.1. Data revision - policy

Scheduled revisions
Routine revisions: There are no scheduled routine revisions.
Major revisions: There are no scheduled major revisions.
Non-scheduled revisions
Data revisions not announced in advance. It occurs only in exceptional cases namely if any unforeseeable event (data error, technical problem, etc.) makes necessary the revision of data.
17.2. Data revision - practice

Questionnaire No. 1942 (domestic trips): Data refferring to the years 2008-2014 were revised in March 2015, on the basis of Census 2011.

Questionnaire No. 2007 (outbound trips): Corrected in 2011. Reason for revision of the data: from 2008 onwards, those travels, which are made by such persons with purposes of homecoming or working (studying), who study or work in a settlement other than his or her place of residence, are excluded from this group.

None of these surveys are revised regularly.


18. Statistical processing Top
18.1. Source data

18.1.1. Source data

18.1.1.1 Source data

Survey 1: Domestic tourism
Survey 2: Outbound tourism
18.1.1.2 Name of data collection in national language

Survey 1: A lakosság utazási szokásai
Survey 2: A lakosság utazásai külföldön
18.1.1.3 Name of data collection in English

Survey 1: Travel habits of Hungarians
Survey 2: Hungarian travellers abroad
18.1.1.4 Survey vehicle Stand-alone survey
18.1.1.5 If "Embedded in another survey", please indicate which other survey. In case both options were ticked, please describe here separately the approach for PARTIC, TRIPS, SDVOUT


18.1.2. Population frame

18.1.2.1 Population frame Population register
18.1.2.2 Update of population frame Monthly
18.1.2.3 If other frequency or additional comments, please specify
18.1.2.4 Coverage errors of population frame

The most frequent types of over-coverage:
- The flat is uninhabited
- Dwelling is not used for living
- Address is incorrect
- Foreigner households
The reason of under-coverage: only private households are covered


18.1.3. Gross sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.3.1 Gross sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.1 + 13.3.2.2)

46,194 addresses (about the same size of households) for domestic trips.
18.1.3.2 Gross sample size for participation in tourism

46,194 addresses (about the same size of households).
18.1.3.3 Gross sample size for (outbound) same-day visits

Not applicable.
18.1.3.4 Additional comments


18.1.4. Net sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.4.1 Net sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.2 – 13.3.2.7)

31682 households, 9266 domestic trips.
18.1.4.2 Net sample size for participation in tourism

31682 households
18.1.4.3 Net sample size for (outbound) same-day visits

Not applicable.
18.1.4.4 Additional comments

Survey 1: Stratified sample on the basis of census.
This is a household survey with a partly one-stage, partly two-stage probability sample of dwellings. Apart from attrition, the 2-4th quarterly samples are the same as the first quarter's sample. In the annual sample each household can appear 1-4 times. Unit non-response is handled with the ordinary integrated calibration to known population totals. As the visitors in hotels are underrepresented in the net sample relevant supply side data are used for improving accuracy.


18.1.5. Sampling design

18.1.5.1 Sampling design Stratified sampling
18.1.5.2 If other or additional comments (also when more than one options is chosen in 18.1.5.1), please specify. Links to national methodology documentation can also be inserted here.


18.1.6. Second survey or source

Survey 2
Name of data collection in national language: A lakosság utazásai külföldön
Name of data collection in English: Outbound trips of Hungarians
Survey vehicle: Stand-alone survey
Population frame: Border statistics, estimates (HCSO)
Update of population frame: Monthly
Coverage errors of population frame: Under-coverage for Travellers using train, Travellers using bus (partly), Lorry drivers
Gross sample size for outbound/ same-day visits: 16,437
Net sample size for outbound/ same-day visits: 13,330
Sampling design
Sampling design: Stratified sampling
This survey is conducted at border-crossing points. The sample of these points is not a probability sample. Within the selected points several days were selected with some systematic method which ensures the proper representation of different types of days and the coverage of the whole month. The interviewer has to work continuously in the randomly selected time of day, which yields also a non-probability sample of vehicles/individuals.
18.2. Frequency of data collection
18.2.1 Frequency of data collection Other frequency
18.2.2 Other frequency or additional comments

Survey 1: Quarterly
Survey 2: Continuously
18.3. Data collection

18.3.1. Type of survey

Household survey


18.3.2. Data collection methods

18.3.2.1 Data collection methods Other
18.3.2.2 If other or additional comments, please specify. In case a combination of data collection methods is used, please give an indication of the importance of the different methods (in terms of number of respondents) 

Survey 1: CAPI (31.9%), CATI (64.4%), CAWI only in Q4 (3.7%)
Survey 2: Data collection is conducted through personal interviews on the border.
18.3.2.3 Questionnaire in national language (Annex/Link)

Survey 1:
https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/info/02osap/onk/1942/k201942.pdf
https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/info/02osap/onk/1942/k201942_2.pdf
Survey 2:
https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/info/02osap/onk/2007/k212007.pdf
18.3.2.4 Questionnaire in English (Annex/Link)

Not available.
18.3.2.5 Interviewer instructions in English (Annex/Link)

Not available.


18.3.3. Proxy interviews

18.3.3.1 Proxy interviews Never
18.3.3.2 If "Allowed" or "Only in exceptional cases", please indicate for which variables in particular proxy interviews were used (it not all questions); If 4. "Not applicable", please explain why.


18.3.4. Average interview time (The average interview time is X minutes.)

18.3.4.1 Average interview time

Survey 1: 2 min.
Survey 2: 5 min.
18.3.4.2 Average interview time for respondents that reported trips

Survey 1: 10 min.
Survey 2: 12 min.


18.3.5 Second survey or source
18.4. Data validation
18.4.1 Data validation

Survey 1: There are developed consistency observations in the programme. Recorded data are checked and corrected (estimated) by using outlier filtering and manual checking of consistency. 
Survey 2: There are data cleaning and checking programs in Power Query. Imputation procedures were also applied for - international visitor spending, transport costs and travel agent fees - data by SAS program. Method: based on an average imputation procedure.
18.4.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.4.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)
18.5. Data compilation
18.5.1 Data compilation

Survey 1: There are no editing or imputing procedures, but we use calibration for weighting (grossing-up) by using census data (age, gender).
Moreover, supply side data (tourist arrivals at hotels) are also taken into consideration.
Survey 2: The questionnaire is anonymous. Surveying is conducted electronically. The data recorded by tablets are being automatically uploaded onto a server of the HCSO.
18.5.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.5.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)
18.6. Adjustment

Not applicable.


19. Comment Top

[Optional]


Related metadata Top


Annexes Top