Trips of EU residents - annual data (tour

Trips of EU residents - annual data (tour_dem)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Statistics Finland

For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

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1. Contact

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1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Finland

1.2. Contact organisation unit

Information and Statistical Services

1.5. Contact mail address

PO Box 3V, FI-00022 Statistics Finland

2. Metadata update

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2.1. Metadata last certified

26/09/2023

2.2. Metadata last posted

26/09/2023

2.3. Metadata last update

26/09/2023

3. Statistical presentation

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3.1. Data description

The statistics on Finnish Travel contain information on trips made by Finnish residents and on the number of persons having travelled during the year. The statistics describe trips in Finland and abroad including overnight stays and same-day trips abroad. Information on domestic day trips is compiled every three years starting from year 2018.

3.2. Classification system

Not applicable.

3.3. Coverage - sector

National tourism: domestic tourism and outbound tourism (trips made by residents of the reporting country).

3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions	See Regulation 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681 and Methodological Manual for Tourism Statistics
3.4.2 Additional comments (e.g. country-specific deviations)	The concepts and definitions are also described on the home page of the statistics.

3.5. Statistical unit

3.5.1 Statistical unit	Participation in tourism: the individual. Tourism trips: the tourism trip with at least one overnight stay made by the individual. Same-day visits: the SDV made by the individual.
3.5.2 Reporting unit	One person in the selected household (within the age scope)
3.5.3 If other or additional comments, please specify

3.6. Statistical population

3.6.1 Statistical population

Tourism trips: all tourism trips of at least one overnight stay outside the usual environment, made by the resident population aged between 15 and 84 (for trips during the whole year persons aged 15 to 84 permanently resident in Finland).

Participation in tourism: all individuals aged between 15 and 84, residing in the country.

Same-day visits: all outbound SDVs made outside the usual environment by the residents aged between 15 and 84.

3.6.2 Additional comments (e.g. deviating coverage in terms of age groups, multiple surveys with different subpopulation, inclusion of domestic same-day visits in years where this is not compulsory)

Contribution of individuals aged 85 or more is considered negligible.

3.7. Reference area

The area of reference is Finland.

3.8. Coverage - Time

Coverage - Time [data comparable since (YYYY)]

3.8.1 Participation in tourism (Year)	2012
3.8.2 Tourism trips (Year)	2012
3.8.3 Same-day visits (outbound) (Year)	2012
3.8.4 Same-day visits (domestic) (Year)	2018
3.8.5 Additional comments (e.g. longer series for subgroups)	The statistics has been compiled for 1991 – 2022. Break in time series in years 2000, 2010 and 2012. Current time series is comparable from 2012.

3.9. Base period

Not applicable

4. Unit of measure

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Not applicable.

5. Reference Period

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2022

6. Institutional Mandate

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6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements

6.1.1 European level	Regulation 692/2011 Regulation 1051/2011 Delegated Regulation 2019/1681
6.1.2 National level	The compilation of statistics is guided by the general act of the national statistical service, the Statistics Act (280/2004, amend. 361/2013). Only the necessary data that are not available from administrative data sources are collected from data suppliers.

6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

According to the EU Regulation on tourism statistics unit-level data on trips is transmitted to Eurostat.

7. Confidentiality

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7.1. Confidentiality - policy

The data protection of data collected for statistical purposes is absolutely guaranteed in accordance with the Statistics Act (280/2004), the Personal Data Act (532/1999) and the Act on the Openness of Government activities (621/1999), as well as the requirements of the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (2016/679). The data materials are protected at all stages of processing with the necessary physical and technical solutions. Statistics Finland has compiled detailed directions and instructions for confidential processing of the data. Employees have access only to the data essential for their duties. The premises where unit-level data are processed are not accessible to outsiders. Members of the personnel have signed a pledge of secrecy upon entering the service. Wilful breaching of data protection is punishable. http://www.tilastokeskus.fi/meta/tietosuoja/index_en.html

7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

An individual person cannot be identified from the data. The data are inflated to the level of the basic population and the numbers of trips are presented at the accuracy of one thousand.

Prior to 2012, figures below 10,000 were not published, but they were entered as uncertain data. Starting from 2012, figures under 50,000 are entered as uncertain data. Starting in 2017, figures under 100,000 trips are suppressed in the nationally published tables.

8. Release policy

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8.1. Release calendar

Statistics Finland's release calendar lists in advance all the statistical data and publications to be released over the year. Statistical releases can be found under statistics-specific releases. Statistical data are released on the Internet at 8 am, unless otherwise indicated. The calendar is updated on weekdays. Statistics Finland's release calendar for the coming year is published every year in December.

8.2. Release calendar access

Finnish Travel Survey release calendar: https://stat.fi/en/statistics/smat.

8.3. Release policy - user access

Statistical data are available to all simultaneously at the time of release. The data required by the regulation are disseminated after the annual release.

9. Frequency of dissemination

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Annual release once a year and preliminary data three times per year for the tourism periods: winter (January to April), summer (May to August), autumn (September to December). Preliminary data do not as a rule become revised.

10. Accessibility and clarity

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10.1. Dissemination format - News release

Finnish Travel Survey home page: https://stat.fi/en/statistics/smat

10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Finnish Travel Survey publications (html): https://stat.fi/en/statistics/smat#pastPublications

10.3. Dissemination format - online database

Finnish Travel Survey StatFin databases: https://pxweb2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__smat/?tablelist=true

10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Unit-level data can be obtained for scientific research by applying for a licence to use statistical data. The data contain no identifying personal data.

10.5. Dissemination format - other

Additional national indicators:

Same-day visits abroad;
Trips by region.

10.6. Documentation on methodology

Description of the Finnish Travel Survey: http://www.stat.fi/meta/til/smat_en.html

10.7. Quality management - documentation

Finnish Travel Survey quality description: http://www.stat.fi/til/smat/laa_en.html

11. Quality management

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11.1. Quality assurance

When compiling statistics, Statistics Finland observes the European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP) and the Quality Assurance Framework (QAF) based on them. The Code of Practice concerns the independence and accountability of statistical authorities and the quality of processes and data to be published. The principles are in line with the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics approved by the United Nations Statistics Division and are supplementary to them. The quality criteria of Official Statistics of Finland are also compatible with the European Statistics Code of Practice. The principles are also compatible with those of the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM).

More information about this is available on Statistics Finland's pages on quality management.

Every year Statistics Finland conducts statistical auditing that helps to ensure the quality of statistics.

11.2. Quality management - assessment

11.2.1 Main strengths	In its present extent the Finnish Travel Survey presents a fairly comprehensive picture of travelling by Finnish residents.
11.2.2 Main weaknesses	Due to the nature of a sample survey, the statistics contain uncertainty due to random variability and non-response. Survey weights are calibrated using respondent's sex, age and home region to account for bias. The non-response rate for the Finnish Travel Survey is on the annual level close to 50 per cent. The statistics are fairly reliable concerning the total number of domestic trips and trips abroad on the annual level but uncertainty increases when using breakdowns related to time period, area or type of trip. Aggregates of under 100,000 trips are not published at all due to uncertainty.
11.2.3 Quality improvements compared with previous reference year	After the questionnaire reform of 2012, the respondent no longer decides the type of trip her/himself, but it is deduced from the responses given. All modes of overnight stays used during a trip are included in the questions, in order to ensure that trips with paid accommodation automatically get grouped correctly. This reduces errors and enables more accurate compilation of statistics.

12. Relevance

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12.1. Relevance - User Needs

12.1.1 European level	See: Regulation 692/2011
12.1.2 Main users on a national level	The statistics are used for monitoring domestic travel and trips abroad made by Finnish residents. The data are intended particularly for the use of central government, tourism enterprises and organisations and researchers. Within central government, the data are mainly used for producing the tourism account and the balance of payment calculations.

12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

[Optional]

12.3. Completeness

12.3.1 Completeness	Compliant with the requirements of Regulation on tourism statistics 692/2011, Delegated Regulation 2019/1681, as well as recommendations laid down in the Methodological Manual for tourism statistics.
12.3.2 If not, please specify why and list deviations from Reg.

13. Accuracy

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13.1. Accuracy - overall

Non-response is the main source of error in the statistics. As the non-response rate grows, the weighting coefficients increase. The respondents represent the entire target population even though the travel behaviour of non-responding persons is unknown and may differ from those having responded. The non-response rate is annually approximately 50 per cent.

Random variation caused by sampling is described by means of confidence intervals calculated for the annual estimates of trips and persons having travelled. The Confidence Limits in Finnish Travel Survey by type of trip in year 2020 are presented in a table in the quality description.

The reporting of individual trips may also be affected by the respondent not remembering the trip or interpreting the definition of trip differently.

13.2. Sampling error

13.2.1 Sampling errors - indicators

Information on Sampling errors may also be provided in the attached file.	Estimated value	Coefficient of variation
13.2.1.1 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 15 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay (all age groups)	3,506,823	0.015
13.2.1.2 Participation in tourism for personal purposes: number of residents, aged 65 or over, having made at least 1 trip of at least 1 overnight stay	738,939	0.031
13.2.1.3 Tourism trips - Total number of trips	33,293,866	0.001
13.2.1.4 Domestic trips	27,103,670	0.005
13.2.1.5 Outbound trips	6,190,196	0.02
13.2.1.6 Private/Personal trips	29,755,346	0.003
13.2.1.7 Professional/business trips	3,538,520	0.03
13.2.1.8 Domestic trips spent at rented accommodation	9,105,902	0.017
13.2.1.9 Domestic trips spent at non-rented accommodation	17,997,768	0.008
13.2.1.10 Tourism trips - Total expenditure excluding durables and valuable goods	12,672,977,394	0.001
13.2.1.11 Expenditure on accommodation	3,587,302,594	0.001

13.2.2 Additional comments on sampling error

Annexes:
13.2 Sampling error

13.3. Non-sampling error

13.3.1 Coverage errors

13.3.1.1 Over-coverage	Units which are not eligible for the survey and were included in the sample due to lack of information (e.g. still registered as permanent residents in Finland but living abroad, persons who died in the meantime between preparing the sample and conducting the survey, etc.). 2% over-coverage rate.
13.3.1.2 Under-coverage	The sample does not include residents who do not have a phone number publicly available or we were not able to link the selected person with a suitable phone number

13.3.2 Unit non-response for TRIPS dataset

	Unit non-response
13.3.2.1 Number of ineligible units/ elements	103
13.3.2.2 Number of eligible units/elements	28,097
13.3.2.3 Number of non-contacts	10,471
13.3.2.4 Number of refusals	3,414
13.3.2.5 Number of rejected questionnaires	300
13.3.2.6 Number of other types of non-response	0
13.3.2.7 Total non-response (= sum of 13.3.2.3 to 13.3.2.6)	14,185

13.3.3 Unit non-response rate

13.3.3.1 Unit non-response rate for TRIPS dataset (= 13.3.2.7 divided by 13.3.2.2)	0.50
13.3.3.2 Unit non-response rate for PARTIC dataset	0.50
13.3.3.3 Unit non-response rate for SDVOUT dataset	0.50
13.3.3.4 Methods used for dealing with/minimising unit non-response	Methods used for minimising unit non-response Before starting the interviews, the interviewers of the CATI Centre were trained with the help of lectures concerning interviewing technique and the contents of the survey, and by going through the survey questionnaire. Newly recruited interviewers are always first trained separately. As a support for their work, the interviewers have an instruction leaflet of the survey and on-line instructions are available as well. Furthermore, whenever they have a problem, interviewers can contact the CATI Centre supervisors and the researchers of the survey. When needed, meetings are arranged and further instructions are given. Occasionally, interviewers provide feedback on different items, which is useful for ongoing work to improve the questionnaire. The respondents receive a target letter by mail and e-mail at the last day of the reference period. The preferred mode of response is via web-form. The respondent will receive e-mail and sms reminders to complete the survey. The interviewer will contact the respondent by phone only in case of non-response to the web survey within a given time. Methods used for dealing with unit non-response All the results of the survey are weighted against the total population by means of sample weights. Weighting corrects the effects of non-response and improves the accuracy of the data. The weights are established by using the probability of each observation to be included in the sample. Most of the indicators of the survey describe individuals and their trips. The results for these indicators are always estimated by means of individual weights. Individual weights are computed by Calmar software, so that the estimated marginal distributions of certain background variables (region, person's age group and gender) correspond to the marginal distributions in the whole population, i.e. the population structure. The weights are formed as a ratio between the estimated frequencies in population cells and the known sample frequencies. Small or even zero cell frequencies are disregarded in this procedure. Thus, the method can be considered an "incomplete post-stratification". The weights are obtained more or less automatically by SAS programs used in processing the results. Weighting generally has only a minor effect on the actual values of the sentiment scales. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, the sample design (systematic random sampling) produces a self-weighting sample. Secondly, non-response has been relatively constant in different population groups and has therefore not caused very much bias in the material.

13.3.4 Item non-response

13.3.4.1 Item non-response

Typical imputation rates are as follows:

Expenditure in TRANSPORT has reported an imputation rate of 18 per cent if unbundled packages and disaggregated cruises are considered as imputed. The imputation rate of completely missing TRANSPORT expenditure is 15 per cent.

Expenditure in ACCOMMODATION has reported an imputation rate of 15 per cent if unbundled packages and disaggregated cruises are considered as imputed. The imputation rate of completely missing ACCOMMODATION expenditure is 12 per cent.

Expenditure in RESTAURANTS has reported an imputation rate of 15 per cent if unbundled packages and disaggregated cruises are considered as imputed. The imputation rate of completely missing RESTAURANTS expenditure is 14 per cent.

Expenditure in OTHER has reported an imputation rate of 12 per cent if unbundled packages and disaggregated cruises are considered as imputed. The imputation rate of completely missing OTHER expenditure is 12 per cent.

13.3.4.2 Methods used for dealing with/minimising item non-response

For imputing item non-response similar kind of trips are first selected and grouped by few most relevant variables for donor data of each expenditure item respectively. Median values are calculated and multiplied with a small random value for each missing cell. If the result is out of acceptable range the value is set to median.

13.3.5 Additional comments on non-sampling error

Other types of non-response in the Finnish Travel Survey are:

Willing to participate, but does not have time for the interview within the survey period.
Does not speak any of the languages in which the interview is available.

(in case of second survey please briefly describe 13.3.1-13.3.4 here)

14. Timeliness and punctuality

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14.1. Timeliness

14.1.1 Participation in tourism	109
14.1.2 Tourism trips	109
14.1.3 Same-day visits (outbound)	109

14.2. Punctuality

14.2.1 Participation in tourism	7
14.2.2 Tourism trips	-52
14.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)	-52

15. Coherence and comparability

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15.1. Comparability - geographical

The sample is drawn from a regionally sorted population frame, ensuring that fewer target persons also come from sparsely populated areas than from densely populated areas. The target person’s area of residence is also considered in the post-stratification and calculation of weighting coefficients for the target person.

15.2. Comparability - over time

15.2.1 Participation in tourism	The statistics have been made regularly since 1991. From 1991 to 1994, Statistics Finland produced the statistics on assignment of the Finnish Tourist Board. These years are mutually comparable, because uniform methods were used. In 1995, the statistics were transferred completely to Statistics Finland. The content and methodological changes started in the same year have had an effect on the comparability of data between 1995 and 1999. The data content and the calculation and data collection methods remained unchanged from 2000 to 2009. Due to changes made to the data collection in 2010 and 2012, the figures are not fully comparable with previous years. Starting from the beginning of 2000, the survey has been made centrally every month together with the Consumer Survey (now Consumer Confidence). Prior to this, the data were collected in connection with Statistics Finland's Labour Force Survey, quarterly between 1996 and 1999 and before that three times a year. In 2000, the maximum length of a trip changed from 90 to 365 days according to the guidelines of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). The fact that starting from the statistical reference year 2000, target persons have been asked about trips that ended during the survey period instead of trips that started, has also weakened the comparability of the data somewhat. The data collection was changed in 2010 so that the survey period of the interview month was shortened from two months to one month, that is, the inquiry concerns only trips ended during the month immediately before the interview month instead of the two previous months as before. Previously, final data on the numbers of trips in each month were obtained as an average for two samples, after the change the figures are based on one sample. From 2012 onwards, the statistics on tourism are compiled in accordance with the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) No 692/2011. At the same time, the population was extended from people aged 15 to 74 to those aged 15 to 84, more accurate weighting coefficients were introduced and significant changes were made to the interview questionnaire. On account of the revision, the data are not fully comparable with previous years. The extension of the age group increased the sums by group of trips by two to five per cent. The specification of the weighting coefficient increased the sums by group of trips by two to three per cent. It is difficult to define the effect of changed questions on the results obtained. The deduction of the type of trip from the responses given (instead of the respondent's own classification) has moved part of the trips to another group. The revised instructions aim to lower the amount of travelling belonging to the usual environment in the statistics. In 2019 two major changes took place. Firstly, the data is collected in a mixed-mode survey where the primary method is web-form and secondary is telephone interview. Second, the reference period for reporting trips was extended from 1 to 3 previous months. This extension led to under-reporting and potential memory bias for certain types of trips in the 2019 survey. This under-reporting has been corrected with the help of inflating coefficients calculated from annual changes in other data for types of trips and destination countries of trips abroad. The data on 2019 describing numbers of trips are therefore not fully comparable with the previous years. For the 2020 survey, the reference period of only the previous month was re-established. Data on persons having travelled are comparable between different years. The annual survey on persons having travelled was made in connection with the Labour Force Survey between 1991 and 2011 and after that as annexed to the Finnish Travel Survey.
15.2.2 Tourism trips	See 3.8.2 See 15.2.1
15.2.3 Same-day visits (outbound)	See 3.8.3 See 15.2.1

15.3. Coherence - cross domain

The Finnish Travel Survey compiles statistics on the demand for tourism. The supply of tourism in Finland is described in Statistics Finland's monthly and annually published accommodation statistics. The statistics contain data on the accommodation capacity of hotels and its use and overnight stays at accommodation establishments broken down by the visitors' country of residence. Finnish travel and accommodation statistics partly overlap for domestic trips in paid accommodation. There are, however, differences in the target groups between these two. Accommodation statistics include only establishments with at least 20 beds while the statistics on Finnish travel include all paid accommodation used by Finns. Accommodation statistics include overnight stays by Finns of all ages, while the statistics on Finnish travel include only overnight stays by Finns aged 15 to 84.

Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) is a statistical system where the economic impacts of tourism are described in a versatile and comprehensive manner. Tourism accounts are published on the webpage of Visit Finland’s Statistics Service Rudolf.

Statistics on passenger transport between Finland and other countries are compiled on sea transport by the Finnish Transport Agency and on air transport by Finavia. However, these statistics do not report the country of residence of the travellers. The Association of Finnish Travel Agents (AFTA) publishes yearly on its website statistics on leisure package tours made by air and their market shares, which provide information about the number of trips bought through travel agencies by country of destination.

15.4. Coherence - internal

The data contents are internally coherent.

16. Cost and Burden

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Restricted from publication

17. Data revision

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17.1. Data revision - policy

Data are revised only when errors occur.

The revision policies:

Information on a significant error is disseminated at least to the same audiences and with the same visibility as the original data. However, if the erroneous information has received much publicity, the error may require publishing of a separate correction release to larger audiences and with more visibility than originally.
Information on the error must remain permanently visible, with the exception of tables in databases.
Notifications of significant errors and the time of correction are added to the web page on changes in these statistics.

17.2. Data revision - practice

The figures for each third of the year are published as preliminary data. The annual data are published final when first released and are not subject to revisions. Major changes in methodology are notified in advance, while information on minor methodological changes is provided in methodological explanations and on the Statistical Office's web page.

The first published estimates are usually the same as the final numbers.

18. Statistical processing

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18.1. Source data

18.1.1. Source data

18.1.1.1 Source data	Survey
18.1.1.2 Name of data collection in national language	Suomalaisten matkailu
18.1.1.3 Name of data collection in English	Finnish Travel
18.1.1.4 Survey vehicle	Stand-alone survey
18.1.1.5 If "Embedded in another survey", please indicate which other survey. In case both options were ticked, please describe here separately the approach for PARTIC, TRIPS, SDVOUT	Independent mixed-mode survey (CAWI / CATI)

18.1.2. Population frame

18.1.2.1 Population frame	Population register
18.1.2.2 Update of population frame	Monthly
18.1.2.3 If other frequency or additional comments, please specify	The monthly samples are selected four times a year. For weighting the population is updated monthly. The Population Register Centre and local register offices maintain Finland’s Population Information System.
18.1.2.4 Coverage errors of population frame	Population data are total data. They include the entire population living in Finland drawn from the Population Information System.

18.1.3. Gross sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.3.1 Gross sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.1 + 13.3.2.2)	28,200
18.1.3.2 Gross sample size for participation in tourism	2,350
18.1.3.3 Gross sample size for (outbound) same-day visits	28,200
18.1.3.4 Additional comments	None

18.1.4. Net sample size (year, individuals)

18.1.4.1 Net sample size for trips (= 13.3.2.2 – 13.3.2.7)	13,912
18.1.4.2 Net sample size for participation in tourism	1,159
18.1.4.3 Net sample size for (outbound) same-day visits	13,912
18.1.4.4 Additional comments	None

18.1.5. Sampling design

18.1.5.1 Sampling design

Systematic sampling
Random sampling

18.1.5.2 If other or additional comments (also when more than one options is chosen in 18.1.5.1), please specify. Links to national methodology documentation can also be inserted here.

Systematic sampling is used to extract the sample from the updated Central Population Register. The sorting of the sampling frame is based on domicile code and thus yields implicit stratification according to geographical population density. This is followed by randomization of the selected respondents to three groups, one per monthly sample. The sampling method can be compared to the use of simple random sampling with the addition that the sample is geographically self-weighting. After sample selection, telephone numbers (incl. mobile phones) are obtained from a separate electronic register.

18.1.6. Second survey or source

None

18.2. Frequency of data collection

18.2.1 Frequency of data collection	Monthly
18.2.2 Other frequency or additional comments	Participation to tourism: once a year.

18.3. Data collection

18.3.1. Type of survey

Survey of individuals

18.3.2. Data collection methods

18.3.2.1 Data collection methods	CATI (computer-assisted telephone interview) CAWI (computer-assisted web interview)
18.3.2.2 If other or additional comments, please specify. In case a combination of data collection methods is used, please give an indication of the importance of the different methods (in terms of number of respondents)	None
18.3.2.3 Questionnaire in national language (Annex/Link)	Monthly questionnaire in Finnish and Swedish (version 2022): see in Annexes below Annual questionnaire in Finnish and Swedish: see in Annexes below The question path: see in Annexes below
18.3.2.4 Questionnaire in English (Annex/Link)	Monthly questionnaire in English (version 2022): see in Annexes below Annual questionnaire in English: see in Annexes below The question path: see in Annexes below
18.3.2.5 Interviewer instructions in English (Annex/Link)	Not available

18.3.3. Proxy interviews

18.3.3.1 Proxy interviews	Only in exceptional cases
18.3.3.2 If "Allowed" or "Only in exceptional cases", please indicate for which variables in particular proxy interviews were used (it not all questions); If 4. "Not applicable", please explain why.	After the sample is chosen the respondents are fixed and cannot be replaced. If for some reason the respondent is incapable of answering the use of an assistant to mediate the answers is allowed.

18.3.4. Average interview time (The average interview time is X minutes.)

18.3.4.1 Average interview time	3 (median)
18.3.4.2 Average interview time for respondents that reported trips	7 (median)

18.3.5 Second survey or source

None

Annexes:
Finnish Travel 2022_fi_sv_en

18.4. Data validation

18.4.1 Data validation

During the interview the answers can be given only from a limited range. Certain values are deviated from the given values and not asked, for example, type of trip. There are various online checks, such as the number of nights in different accommodation places must be equal to total number of nights. The interviewer is always able to make comments if there is any unclarity.

After the interview, the data are scrutinised and amended with interviewers' comments, for example:

• Are important key variables missing or marked as 'don't know'?
• Is the country of destination plausible for the trip duration?
• Is the means of transport plausible for this trip destination?
• Are expenditure plausible for trip duration and type of accommodation?

After these checkings, the prices of the packages are divided into their elements using the share of costs on similar, non-package trips.
Lastly, missing costs are imputed using the costs on similar, non-package trips.

18.4.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.4.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)

18.5. Data compilation

18.5.1 Data compilation	The data are supplemented by variables from the classification database. Detected errors are corrected. Missing values for expenditure are generated from the existing values on similar trips. The weighting is done by CALMAR2 SAS macro.
18.5.2 Second survey or source (In case a second survey or source is used for collecting data on participation, trips or same-day visits, please briefly describe 18.5.1 here in relation to those surveys/sources)

18.6. Adjustment

Not applicable.

19. Comment

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[Optional]

Related metadata

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Annexes

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