Directorate General for Energy and Geology (DGEG)

Department of Energy Planning and Statistics

Avenida 5 de Outubro, 208 (Edificio Santa Maria)

1069 - 203 Lisbon

European statistics on electricity prices for household and final non-household customers.

Internal Eurostat classification system based on annual electricity consumption bands and tax levels.

Household sector and final non-household sector (industry, services, offices, agriculture, etc).

The prices are reported in national currencies per kWh and according to different bands of consumption.

For the household sector, these bands are:

• DA: customers consuming less than 1000 kWh.
• DB: customers consuming 1000 kWh or more but less than 2500 kWh.
• DC: customers consuming 2500 kWh or more but less than 5000 kWh.
• DD: customers consuming 5000 kWh or more but less than 15000 kWh.
• DE: customers consuming 15000 kWh or more.

For the final non-household sector, the bands are:

• IA: customers consuming less than 20 MWh.
• IB: customers consuming 20 MWh or more but less than 500 MWh.
• IC: customers consuming 500 MWh or more but less than 2000 MWh.
• ID: customers consuming 2000 MWh or more but less than 20000 MWh.
• IE: customers consuming 20000 MWh or more but less than 70000 MWh.
• IF: customers consuming 70000 MWh or more but less than 150000 MWh.
• IG: customers consuming 150000 MWh or more.

There exist 2 different levels of disagregation for semestrial and annual prices:

1- Semestrial prices:

These prices are reported twice a year and are divided in 3 levels:

• Level 1 prices: prices excluding taxes and levies.
• Level 2 prices: prices excluding VAT and other recoverable taxes and levies.
• Level 3 prices: prices including all taxes and levies.

2- Annual prices:

These prices are reported once a year together with the data for the second semester and are divided into the following components and taxes:

• Energy and supply: generation, aggregation, balancing energy, supplied energy costs, customer services, after-sales management and other supply costs.
• Network cost: transmission and distribution tariffs, transmission and distribution losses, network costs, after-sale service costs, system service costs, and meter rental and metering costs.
• Value added taxes (VAT): as defined in Council Directive 2006/112/EC.
• Renewable taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to the promotion of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and CHP generation.
• Capacity taxes: Taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to capacity payments, energy security and generation adequacy; taxes on coal industry restructuring; taxes on electricity distribution; stranded costs and levies on financing energy regulatory authorities or market and system operators.
• Environmental taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to air quality and for other environmental purposes; taxes on emissions of CO₂ or other greenhouse gases. This component includes the excise duties.
• Nuclear taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to the nuclear sector, including nuclear decommissioning, inspections and fees for nuclear installations.
• All other taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges not covered by any of the previous five categories: support for district heating; local or regional fiscal charges; island compensation; concession fees relating to licences and fees for the occupation of land and public or private property by networks or other devices.

In addition to these elements, the network cost is split into the respective shares of transmission and distribution. The relative share of consumption in the different consumption bands is reported by the countries and used to calculated the single national electricity prices (weighted averages for consumer bands IA-IF and DA-DE) but not published because it could be used to re-calculate some confidential values.

Some of the taxes are refundable. Here is a description of them:

The rate of VAT is 23% and totally recoverable by nonhousehold sector

Extraordinary measures implemented in 2021:

•  “Extraordinary Support for the Consumption of Electricity”:

On 15 January 2021, the Government approved, through Decree-Law No. 6-E/2021, extraordinary support for electricity consumption, intended for household consumers, with contracted power up to 6,9 kVA, and beneficiaries of the social tariff.  The rules for applying extraordinary support to energy consumption were the same for all consumers, whether they were in the regulated market or already in the liberalized market.

 This was an extraordinary and temporary financial support, adopted by the Government, associated with the increase in electricity consumption during the confinement and the Sharp drop in temperature in January 2021.

 The beneficiaries of this measure were grouped into two groups:

1. The beneficiaries of the extraordinary support related to the sharp drop in temperature were all domestic consumers (including the vulnerable), holders of an electricity supply contract, between 15 and 29 January 2021, with contracted power up to 6,9 kVA .
2. The beneficiaries of extraordinary support related to the general confinement were vulnerable consumers, holders of an electricity supply contract, between 14 January and 13 February 2021, beneficiaries of the social electricity tariff.

  Social tariff was established by Law-Decree No. 138 -A/2010, of 28 December, and subsequent revisions. This tariff is applied automatically to beneficiaries of the:

1. solidarity supplement for the elderly;
2. social insertion income;
3. unemployment benefits;
4. family allowance;
5. social disability pension of the special protection regime for disability or the complement of the social benefit for inclusion;
6. social pension of old age and economically vulnerable end-customers considered singular persons, who have an annual income lower than a maximum annual income even if they do not benefit from any social benefit. 

• The reduction of the VAT rate for electricity customers in BTN (normal low voltage – StLV), with contracted power less than or equal to 3,45 kVA;

Household and final non-household consumers divided into consumption bands.

Household customers: Data coming from 18 suppliers representing almost 100% of the household customers.

Final non-household customers: Data coming from 26 suppliers representing almost 100% of the final non-household customers.

Whole country including Açores and Madeira islands.

Electricity prices data for Portugal are available since 1985.

Not applicable.

Prices are reported in national currency per kWh. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in Euro and PPS (purchasing power parity).

Eurostat also publishes, shares for transmission and distribution in the network cost, and consumption volumes  in percentages.

For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for 1st semester and from July to December for 2nd semester.

For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December).

At EU level:

• Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2016 on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices and repealing Directive 2008/92/EC (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/2169 of 21 November 2017 concerning the format and arrangements for the transmission of European Statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1734 of 14 November 2018 granting derogations to the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Spain, the Italian Republic and the Republic of Cyprus as regards the provision of statistics pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document C(2018) 7465) (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/823 concerning the content of quality reports on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance).

At national level:

• Law n.º 22/2008 of 13 may - Law of the national statistical system - https://dre.pt/application/file/a/249157;
• Protocol between National Statistics Institute (Statistics Portugal) and DGEG;
• Executive order n.º 62-A/2015 of 3 March - https://dre.pt/application/file/a/66657885;
• Decree Law nº. 69/2018 of 27 august;
• Decree Law n.º 15/2022 of 14 january

At EU level:

• Eurostat does not share the data collected with other organisation appart from its usual dissemination chanel (Eurostat's database, statistic explained articles and press or news release) .

At national level:

• Data is sent to Eurostat and IEA (International Energy Agency)
• Published on the DGEG website.

At EU level:

• Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities.

At national level:

• Law n.º22/2008 of 13 May - Law of the national statistical system - article 6 - https://dre.pt/application/file/a/249157
• Executive order no.62-A/2015, March 3th - article 5 - line i) and e) - https://dre.pt/application/file/a/66657885

The collection, processing and dissemination of statistical data is done in accordance with Law No 22/2008 of 13 May (Law of the national statistical sistem), in particular Article 6, which establishes the application of the principle of statistical confidentiality to all information allows individualizing statistical units.
In both cases, the breach of statistical confidentiality is punishable not only in disciplinary proceedings but also in criminal terms according to article 32 of Law No 22/2008 of 13 May.

Statistical releases are based on pre-announced quarterly calendars placed on DGEG webpage, according to the annual statistical work programme.

http://www.dgeg.gov.pt/ - in Statistics - Enegy Prices - Calendar.

DGEG is an entity with functions entrusted by National Statistics Institute (Statistics Portugal) for producing and disseminating the official statistics defined by the protocol signed on June 1st 2010. The exercise of these competences by DGEG is performed under Statistics Portugal technical-scientific and methodological supervision and with strict compliance with the legislation and rules issued by the National and European Statistical System. Within this functions delegation, DGEG adopted the European Statistics Code of Practice and the Statistics Portugal Confidentiality Charter as well as other Statistics Portugal policies such as Dissemination and Revision policies in particular.

All statistical production by DGEG is based on administrative data available in the area of energy and geological resources, which are collected in the exercise of its competences. DGEG defines the content, form and timing of dissemination of information.

DGEG ensure the equal access to all users and there is no priority entity receiving (previously) information.

Electricity prices in Portugal are published on a semestrial basis on Eurostat's website and webpage DGEG.

All statistical information is released in DGEG webpage (www.dgeg.gov.pt in the menu: Statistics - Energy Prices - Electricity and Natural Gas Prices.

Eletricity prices (UE-27) are published after the publication of Eurostat (semestrial basis).

The data is also published in EIA (quarterly).

We only published on the webpage in the main page.

Link: https://www.dgeg.gov.pt/pt/estatistica/energia/precos-de-energia/precos-de-eletricidade-e-gas-natural/

Energy Numbers - Annual publication that aggregates the most relevant data on the energy sector in Portugal produced by DGEG, as well as other data systematized by ADENE.

The energy statistics (data and work applications) are allocated in excel files and documents, previously created according to the respective methodologies to be applied to each type of statistical operation.

Not applicable.

We don't give access to microdata.

No other ways for disseminating the data.

Not applicable.

DGEG prepares (and updates) written methodological documents for each delegated statistical operation, based on standard methodological documents defined according to the National Statistical System. These documents present a detailed description of the statistical methodology (transmission, treatment, analysis and dissemination of data), applied regulation and legislation, concepts, definitions and classifications of each statistical operation. All documents, after approval by Statistics Portugal, are published on our webpage (DGEG).

Webpage: www.dgeg.gov.pt - Statistics  - Energy - Calendar, MetaInformation, Other Documentation - Methodological Documents - Statistics on Prices Relative to Electricity and Natural Gas Prices

Not applicable.

The availability of all quality related documents is according with the National Statistical System Law and the protocol signed with Statistics Portugal.

However, we don´t have specific quality documents available.

Within the framework of its competences and according with the National Statistical System Law and the protocol signed with Statistics Portugal, DGEG regulates itself, by quality standards on the statistical data produced and a Quality Commitment Statement is under approval.

Strength: Statistical production is of responsibility of a specific and independent department in DGEG, which guaranties higher specialization and a focus on statistical matters and professional independence.

Weakness: Short budget to develop specific surveys on energy creates problems on the implementation of improvements.

The Users of the data include Governament, ERSE (National Regulatory Authority), operators, energy stakeholders, media/Press, embassies, universities, customers and general population.

Regarding the use that entities make of statistics, for example the government uses for political decisions, ERSE for Price and consumption analysis and tariff implications, the Companies for price comparison and analysis;

Regarding energy stakeholders,media/Press, embassies, universities, customers and general population for analysis and evolution of the electricity market.

The main products analyzed are the prices and the associated taxes and fees.

Users only have access to information published by DGEG.

DGEG does not have any specific satisfaction survey to the users of statistical information.

The dataset transmitted to Eurostat comply with the Regulation 2016/1952.

100%

The use of time series, specially for the last three years, allows checking the consistency of data. If errors are detected in filling, unreasonable values, series breaks or any other reason that undermines the quality of statistical information, the source of information is always questioned.    

We don´t have examples of errors.

No sampling error, almost 100% of the population is covered.

Not applicable.

Information is included in the sub-concepts S.13.3.1-S.13.3.5.

There are 18 suppliers reporting household prices, and 26 reporting nonhousehold prices, which 3 of them in each category (household and nonhouseld) correpond to regulated market and the others to liberalized market. We think it is a good thing and a good way of “looking” to the market and see it evolution

Not aware of any coverage of the data

We do not use administrative sources, 100% of the data is covered by the survey.

Our analysis system takes into account the historic value series sent by the suppliers and our analysis verify the deviation of the values sent.

Not available.

We can say that, in general around 90% of suppliers answer to the required information

0%

The use of time series, especially for the last three years, allows checking the consistency of data .

If errors are detected in filling out fields, unreasonable values, series breaks or any other reason that undermines the quality of statistical information, the operator is always questioned

Not applicable.

Electricity operators that participate in the national data collection are requested to provide the electricity prices within the following: the first semester has to be sent until September and the second semester until March.Then, the statistical office checks the micro-data for correctness, consistency and completeness, and national averages are calculated and reported to Eurostat during the third month.

The suppliers have three months to send the informations.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 0  days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 0  days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

Not applicable

The legal deadline for submitting the questionnaires is the third month after the reference period.

The main reasons that affect the punctuality on the release of statistical information is the timing and quality of data provided by the sources of information, which sometimes requires to wait for rectification of the information before the dissemination.

But DGEG has complied with the submission deadlines.

Not applicable.

We have verified that there is still no harmonization of the reporting data from all Member States.

Not applicable.

There have been some changes but not enough to warrant about a break in series.

The data is comparable since 2nd semester 2007, when eurostat methodology changed.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

The annual prices are coherent with the semestrial prices.

Is not measured.

The main revisons result of new information or data correction provided by the operators.

Every time a revision occurs, a new document (with the last revision date) replaces the old version.

We make revision when the operators send new information changing the data sent.

Household electricty prices collection: 0.010843211

Non-household electricity prices collection: 0.001429871

Household: Data coming from 18 suplliers (regulated and liberalized market)

Non-Households: Data coming from 26 suppliers (regulated and liberalized market)

Semestrial prices.

Portugal uses the Eurostat template and receive the information by email

All steps in the production of statistics are analysed in relation to coherence and consistency mainly through the identification of breaks in a time series or the analysis of geographic scope and refrence period.

If any outlier is detected the provider of the information is required to provide clarifications/justifications to explain the situation.

The production of the Statistics of the Prices related to Natural Gas and Electricity is therefore the result of the use of information of an administrative date, which has historically been in the possession of the DGEG in the scope of its competences, at national level, european and international representation, to produce information on the energy and geology.

The statistical operation applies to natural gas and electricity trading companies located in Portugal and active in the reference period.

The information obtained is covered by validation rules (such as coherence and consistency) and for this purpose there are templates in excel sent by Eurostat, gathering the information obligations of the operators.
The fulfillment of the data follows a specific structure. DGEG when receiving the information compiles the data that once loaded is manually validated. In case of errors the responsible entity is contacted.

The data sent (semester) is compared with the previous period.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Seasonable adjustments are not carried out.

Area of responsability of the senior technicians:

Ensure the production, reporting and dissemination of information statistics in the energy sector

Ensure the production, reporting and dissemination of information statistics in the energy sector namely:

Analysis statistics of the evolution of energy prices (petroleum products, coal, natural gas, eletricity and biomass), in particular on import and export energy products, analysis of international reference energy markets, and energy prices for final consumers;

Ensure the dissemination of the statistical information produced in the area of energy, drawing up and publishing periodic statistical reports to ensure that the dissemination of available statistical information and a knowledge of the characterization and evolution of the sector;

Management of the website fuel prices online (www.precoscombustiveis.dgeg.gov.pt);

Analysis of all legislation related to energy sector

Make the communications to the European Commission, the IEA and other bodies international agreements on energy statistics.