The Danish Energy Agency.

Center for System Analysis.

Carsten Niebuhrs Gade 43, 1577 København, Denmark.

European statistics on electricity prices for household and final non-household customers.

Internal Eurostat classification system based on annual electricity consumption bands and tax levels.

Household sector and final non-household sector (industry, services, offices, agriculture, etc).

The prices are reported in national currencies per kWh and according to different bands of consumption.

For the household sector, these bands are:

• DA: customers consuming less than 1000 kWh.
• DB: customers consuming 1000 kWh or more but less than 2500 kWh.
• DC: customers consuming 2500 kWh or more but less than 5000 kWh.
• DD: customers consuming 5000 kWh or more but less than 15000 kWh.
• DE: customers consuming 15000 kWh or more.

For the final non-household sector, the bands are:

• IA: customers consuming less than 20 MWh.
• IB: customers consuming 20 MWh or more but less than 500 MWh.
• IC: customers consuming 500 MWh or more but less than 2000 MWh.
• ID: customers consuming 2000 MWh or more but less than 20000 MWh.
• IE: customers consuming 20000 MWh or more but less than 70000 MWh.
• IF: customers consuming 70000 MWh or more but less than 150000 MWh.
• IG: customers consuming 150000 MWh or more.

There exist 2 different levels of disagregation for semestrial and annual prices:

1- Semestrial prices:

These prices are reported twice a year and are divided in 3 levels:

• Level 1 prices: prices excluding taxes and levies.
• Level 2 prices: prices excluding VAT and other recoverable taxes and levies.
• Level 3 prices: prices including all taxes and levies.

2- Annual prices:

These prices are reported once a year together with the data for the second semester and are divided into the following components and taxes:

• Energy and supply: generation, aggregation, balancing energy, supplied energy costs, customer services, after-sales management and other supply costs.
• Network cost: transmission and distribution tariffs, transmission and distribution losses, network costs, after-sale service costs, system service costs, and meter rental and metering costs.
• Value added taxes (VAT): as defined in Council Directive 2006/112/EC.
• Renewable taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to the promotion of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency and CHP generation.
• Capacity taxes: Taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to capacity payments, energy security and generation adequacy; taxes on coal industry restructuring; taxes on electricity distribution; stranded costs and levies on financing energy regulatory authorities or market and system operators.
• Environmental taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to air quality and for other environmental purposes; taxes on emissions of CO₂ or other greenhouse gases. This component includes the excise duties.
• Nuclear taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges relating to the nuclear sector, including nuclear decommissioning, inspections and fees for nuclear installations.
• All other taxes: taxes, fees, levies or charges not covered by any of the previous five categories: support for district heating; local or regional fiscal charges; island compensation; concession fees relating to licences and fees for the occupation of land and public or private property by networks or other devices.

In addition to these elements, the network cost is split into the respective shares of transmission and distribution. The relative share of consumption in the different consumption bands is reported by the countries and used to calculated the single national electricity prices (weighted averages for consumer bands IA-IF and DA-DE) but not published because it could be used to re-calculate some confidential values.

Some of the taxes are refundable. Here is a description of them: 

• The VAT is competely refundable for non-household consumers. 
• The electricity tax is almost competely refundable for non-household consumers in the consumer bands IB-IG. 
• The public service obligation fee (PSO) is refundable for non-household consumers with an electricity intensitivity of at least 20%.   

Household and final non-household consumers divided into consumption bands.

Final non-household consumers: Data coming from 46 suppliers out of 48 and representing 99% of the final consumption by non-household consumers.

Final household consumers: Data respresents 99.1% of the final consumption by household consumers and data coming from 40 suppliers.

Denmark.

Electricity price data for Denmark using the current methodology are available since second half year 2014.

Not applicable.

Prices are reported in national currency per kWh. However, Eurostat also calculates and publishes the prices in EURO and PPS (purchasing power parity).
Relative shares of sub-component of the network component and consumption volumes are reported in percentages.

For semestrial prices, the reference periods are from January to June for semester 1 and from July to December for semester 2.

For annual prices, the reference period is the whole calendar year (from January to December).

At EU level:

• Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2016 on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices and repealing Directive 2008/92/EC (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/2169 of 21 November 2017 concerning the format and arrangements for the transmission of European Statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1734 of 14 November 2018 granting derogations to the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Spain, the Italian Republic and the Republic of Cyprus as regards the provision of statistics pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document C(2018) 7465) (Text with EEA relevance).
• Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/823 concerning the content of quality reports on European statistics on natural gas and electricity prices pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/1952 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance).

At national level:

• Electricity supply act 2018/1009 of 27 June 2018 concerning the requirement for Danish electricity suppliers to report information needed in order to make analysis, reports and statistics in regards to the Danish electricity market.

At EU level:

• Eurostat does not share the data collected with other organisation appart from its usual dissemination chanel (Eurostat's database, statistic explained articles and press or news release) .

At national level:

• Data is sent to eurostat.
• Data is shared with the Danish Utility Regulator and IEA.

At EU level:

• Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 11 March 2009, on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities.

There is no legislation about confidentiality at national level.

Published data should not allow identification of single consumers. This is ensured by only publishing data for consumer bands with at least 3 consumers.  

The publication of the statistic is announced by Statistics Denmark's release calendar.

The release calendar can be accessed through Statistics Denmark's website: https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/planlagte

Data is available on the Danish Energy Agency's website; https://ens.dk/service/statistik-data-noegletal-og-kort/priser-paa-el-og-gas after the release of data by Eurostat.

Electricity prices in Denmark are published on a semestrial basis on Eurostat's website and Statisitcs Denmark's website;

• Non-households: https://www.statistikbanken.dk/ENERGI2
• Households: https://www.statistikbanken.dk/ENERGI1

A national press release of the electricity price statistic is released in homepage of Danish Energy Agency.

A national memo of the electricity price statistic is released.

The data is published in Statistics Denmark's database.

4 tables containing the data is published on the Statistics Denmark's website and 1017 consultations have been in the last 8 months.

Micro data is not available.

No other ways for disseminating the data.

Not applicable.

Documentation on the methodology is available on Statistics Denmark's website; https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/statistikdokumentation/el--og-naturgaspriser

Not applicable.

No quality reports or studies exist.

Reported data is controlled and validated by the Danish Energy Agency. In case of inconsistencies the data provider is contacted.

Statistics Denmark perform liability checks, which ensures a good data quality.

The overall quality of the statistic is assessed to be good.

As reporting units cover almost the entire population frame, the sampling errors are small or non-existing. On the other hand, the statistics is affected by other errors, mainly measurement errors. The two primary causes of inaccuracy in the statistic are;

• Reported data containing errors.
• Typing mistakes when data are entered.

A number of Danish and European governmemtal institutions involved in enery planning, e.g. the Danish utility regulation and the IEA, use the statistic for different purposes. 

Furthermore, a variety of parties, including private companies, consultancies and lobby organizations have expressed an interest in the statistic.

There is no procedure for measuring user satisfaction of the statistic and its result.

The statistic is available on the Danish Energy Agency's website; https://ens.dk/service/statistik-data-noegletal-og-kort/priser-paa-el-og-gas

The statistic is in line with guidelines.

Data is collected for 99 % of the population frame. The overall accuracy of the statistic is therefore estimated to be high.

A high reporting rate ensures that sampling errors are small or non-existing.

No precisions measures are availble.

Information is included in the sub-concepts S.13.3.1-S.13.3.5.

The coverage error is small as the divergence between the population frame and the target population is very small.

It is hard to avoid over-coverage, as it is difficult to observe. Data providers are given a guideline with detalied information about the target population, which ensures that over-coverage is reduced.

All the data comes from the survey.

Data providers recieve detailed instructions of how to report data for the statistic, which reduces measurement errors in reported data.

The non-response error is very small, as data is reported for almost the entire target population. The bias associated with non-response error is estimated non-existing.

46 out 48 suppliers, representing 99 % of the target population reported data for the statistic for non-houshold consumers.

Data respresents 99.1% of the final consumption by household consumers and data coming from 40 suppliers.

Item non-response rate is 0%.

Data is reported online and there is built in a control that prevents incorrect reporting. The process is almost fully automated.

Not applicable.

Electricity providers that participate in the national data collection are requested to provide the electricity price data within two months after the reference period. After arrival, the statistical office checks the micro-data for correctness, consistency and completeness and national averages are calculated and reported to Eurostat during the third month after the reference period.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2019 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2020 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 1st semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

The first version of the electricity price questionnaire for non-households for the 2nd semester of 2021 was sent 0 days after the deadline.

No revision since 2019.

The legal deadline for submitting the questionnaires is the third month after the reference period. The majority of statistics have been delivered within or shortly after (within 3 days) the deadline.

The statistic is compatible for all regions in Denmark and with other European countries.

Not applicable.

Data on electricity prices is completely compatible for the years 2015 and onwards.

For the year before 2015 data is also faily compatible, especially for large non-household consumers.

Data is compatible from first half year 2015 and onwards.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Annual prices are coherent with semestrial prices.

The estimated cost of producing the one year statistic is 120 hours, which correspond to approximately 70,000 DKK. We have no knowledge of burden on respondents.

The data for the first semester are revised when submitting the data for the second semester in order to ensure consistency between semestrial and annual prices.

Data is revised in case of errors or new information.

Household electricity prices collection: 2.3629

Non-household electricity prices collection: 7.754087917

Adminitrative data from electricity suppliers in the Danish electricity market.

Data is collected biannually.

Data for non-house hold consumers are collected using 'www.virk.dk' and online platform used by the public service in Denmark.

For the housholds,  data providers sent data in an excel file to the Danish Utility Regulator.

The data is validate using previous statistics and by comparing with the spot price.

For non-household consumer we are unable to collect data on all elements in the statistic. The elements that are not collected include: Network and supply costs, the electricity tax, the public service obligation fee (PSO) and the energy saving fee. These are calculated in the following manner. 

Network and supply costs:

These are calculated using network and supply costs for the consumer bands in the table below from Danish Energy's publication "Elforsyningens nettariffer & priser", which is accessible at: 

https://www.danskenergi.dk/sites/danskenergi.dk/files/media/dokumenter/2018-04/Elforsyningens_nettariffer_og_priser_2018.pdf

The consumption bands in this source does not fit exactly with the bands in the statistics. The cost are adjusted to the correct level using the targeted level of consumption in the external source and the average consumption in the statistical bands.

Electricity tax:

All consumer bands receive a compensation for the electricity tax. For the consumer band IA the Is for the consumption band approximately 40 % of the tax is refunded, while approximately 99% is refunded for the remaining consumer bands IB-IF. 

The public service obligation fee (PSO):

Electricity intensive companies can get a large proportion of the PSO refunded. The non-refundable part is calculated in the following manner: 

• The non-refundable semestrial PSO rate is calculated as a simple average of the monthly PSO rates.
• The refundable share of the PSO is calculated as 85% of the share going to renewable energy sources.

For companies eligible for the PSO refundation their PSO rate for the statistic is calculated as: The non-refundable PSO rate - the refundable share.

The share of consumption eligible for the PSO refundation is obtained from the Danish Energy Agency and the distribution of consumption which is compensated and not compensated is found in the following manner:

• The share eligible for the refundation: (The share of consumption for which comapnies have received compensation /total consumption).
• The share not eligible for the refundation: ( 1 – the eligible share).

The weighted PSO rate consists of the following two elements: 

1. The consumption share which is eligible for the compensation pays the non-refundable PSO rate - the refundable share.
2. The consumption share non eligible pay the full PSO rate.

The total PSO rate reported in the statistic is then calculated as the weighted sum of the two elements above, hence 1+2. 

Energy saving fee:

The energy saving fee is the amount a consumer pays to energy savings activities. It is calculated using the biannual energy savings cost of grid companies per meter provided by Danish Energy. The energy saving fee is then found by dividing the cost by the average consumption for each Eurostat consumer band.  An example of this is shown below:

Energy cost saving cost per meter / average consumption. 

We are not performing any imputation.

Not applicable.

Seasonable adjustments are not carried out.