Statistics Poland

Statistical Office in Bydgoszcz

L.Kozlowski@stat.gov.pl

Z.Osypiuk@stat.gov.pl

Job vacancy statistics (JVS) provide information on the level and structure of labour demand. Statistics Poland transmits to Eurostat the quarterly data on the number of job vacancies and the number of occupied posts as well as provides the quality report under the JVS framework regulation and the two implementing regulations: the implementing regulation on the definition of a job vacancy, the reference dates for data collection, data transmission specifications and feasibility studies, as well as the implementing regulation on seasonal adjustment procedures and quality reports. 

The quarterly data are broken down by:

• economic activity of entities (at section level) in accordance with NACE Rev. 2 - Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community.
• size of entities: the whole population of enterprises and the population of establishments with 1 or more employees.

The data concern all the economic activities defined by NACE Rev. 2, except for the activities of households as employers and the activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies.

A 'job vacancy' is defined as a paid post that is newly created, unoccupied, or about to become vacant:

(a) for which the employer is taking active steps and is prepared to take further steps to find a suitable candidate from outside of the enterprise concerned; and

(b) which the employer intends to fill either immediately or within a specific period of time.

‘Active steps to find a suitable candidate’ include:

- notifying the public employment services about the job vacancy,

- contacting a private employment agency/head hunters,

- advertising the vacancy in the media (for example internet, newspapers, magazines),

- advertising the vacancy on a public notice board,

- approaching, interviewing or selecting possible candidates/potential recruits directly,

- approaching employees and/or personal contacts,

- using internships.

'Specific period of time’ refers to the maximum time the vacancy is open and intended to be filled. That period shall be unlimited; all vacancies for which active steps are being continued on the reference date shall be reported.

An 'occupied post’ means a paid post within the organisation to which an employee has been assigned.

The basic statistical unit for the data collection is the local unit.

Entities with one and more employees (details are listed in the annexes).

The whole territory of the country.

Time series classified by NACE Rev. 2 are available from the first quarter 2009.

Not applicable.

Questionnaire Z-05  “Labour Demand Survey”

Quarterly (4 times a year). 

Data are collected by the Statistical Office in Bydgoszcz in an electronic form, mainly via our website. For small entities a paper form is allowed. Link to a questionnaire: http://form.stat.gov.pl/formularze/2022/passive/Z-05.pdf

Checking and validating the source data are carried out at following stages of the surveys: data collecting, processing, and compilation (final preparation) of the results. Validating and checking procedures contain among others algorithms for data corectness (arithmetic and logical control), analysis of coverage and response rates and comparing with data for previous cycles. The data are also checked and corrected on the basis of data included in the Central Database of Job Offers (CBOP). 

The initial design weights were equal to the reciprocals of the sampling fractions. Because of non-response these weights were corrected in reference to size classes, NACE sections, and NUTS 2 levels. Moreover, the numbers of the employees from the sampling frame were used. The correction took into account different reasons of unit non-response i.e. refusal, out-of-scope (for example liquidation), and lack of contact with selected units. 

Seasonal adjustments procedures were conducted according to Regulation (EC) No 1062/2008 of 28 October 2008 implementing Regulation (EC) No 453/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quarterly statistics on Community job vacancies, as regards seasonal adjustment procedures and quality reports (OJ L 285/3). Procedures were carried out in compliance with the Guidance note on Documenting Seasonal Adjustment practices delivered by Eurostat Directorate F Unit F-3 (Labour market statistics and lifelong learning). The seasonal adjustments for variables job vacancies and occupied posts were calculated with a breakdown by NACE section and allow to improve data conformance with standards and meet quality requirements.   

Quality assurance is based among others on the implementation of principles and standards described in following documents: The European Statistics Code of Practice, ESS Handbook for Quality and Metadata Reports, results of the Peer Reviews, national quality reviews of statistical surveys. 

The quality of the JVS data is reported in detail for individual quality criteria listed below. 

Generally, main users are ministries and other government institutions. The information collected in the survey is also used by national private users, i.e. researchers, students, journalists or entrepreneurs. Their main needs are always analysed and mostly implemented into the survey (having regard to the possibilities of the sample survey).

When handling orders for statistical data submitted by users, Statistics Poland collects information both on clients' needs and satisfaction concerning data. The views and opinions are considered and - if possible - they are taken into account and used.  

There are no missing variables or breakdowns in JVS data collected by Statistics Poland according to the EC Regulations.

Data completeness = 1 (100% of the required data cells are available).

Note: unit response rate = 59,8% (end of quarter 4, 2022). 

Assessment of accuracy for 2022 data set: 

CV for the number of job vacancies = 3.1%

See more detailed information in annex.  

Sampling frame contains 686739 units. The 100 thousand sample accounts for 15% of the frame. Details are available in the annex. 

In the calculation of the CV the balanced half-sample replication method was used for the 10+ employees size class, and classical textbook formulas applicable for stratified random sampling for the 1-9 employees size class. See attachment CV for the number of job vacancies (cv2022.xls).

Respondents may report erroneous data, despite that the explanations on how to fill the questionnaire are contained in  the questionnaire. While filling the questionnaire, the wrong values are indicated. In case of doubtful answers, specialists of the Statistical Office in Bydgoszcz contact the respondents. However, in order to avoid possible measurement and processing of errors some enhancing actions are taken, i.e. further questionnaire testing, employee training sessions etc. 

See attachment Coverage errors.xls. 

Over-coverage error doesn't occur. 

Not applicable. Data are collected only from the survey. 

See note for point 6.3 - non-sampling error. 

See below.

See attachment Unit response rate.xls.

Not available.

See note for point 6.3 - non-sampling error. 

Imputation data methods were not used. 

See the item 3.5 Data compilation (weighting).

Seasonal adjustment procedures were applied with regard to the European Statistical System guidelines on seasonal adjustment. They have been used starting from the data for the third quarter of 2014. 

Not relevant.

Not relevant.

Not relevant.

See below.

About 70 days after the reference period in Poland (for national users), 45 days after the reference period (data available only for EUROSTAT).

First result is the final one.

See below.

Deadlines for the respondents to reply, also covering recalls and follow-ups: about 23rd day of the month after the reference period. Period of the fieldwork lasts until the 23rd day after the reference period. Period of data processing is about 45 days after the reference period (quarters). Dates of publication of the first results fall about 70 days after the reference period (quarters). 

Concepts used in the survey are coherent with the European ones. 

Not available.

Definitions and coverage have not been changed since 2009.

64 time series

See annexes:
PL Beveridge curve 2022
PL Comparision of JVS with LFS data 2022

Lack of possibility to compare between JVS quarterly data and annual / sub annual statistics on job vacancies. Statistics Poland prepares only quarterly JVS data.    

Lack of information.

Each set of outputs is internally consistent. 

Quarterly News Release (Informacja sygnalna) - 4 times a year. 

The annual publication "The demand for labour in 2022". 

https://stat.gov.pl/download/gfx/portalinformacyjny/pl/defaultaktualnosci/5820/1/18/1/informacja_statystyczna_popyt_na_prace_w_2022_r.pdf

Local Data Bank: https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/bdl/dane/podgrup/temat

The Knowledge Databases - Labour Market: https://dbw.stat.gov.pl/dashboard/28

Data not available.

The data on JVS are not accessible in micro-data form. 

Additional data are made available for researchers and other persons or entities on request. 

The whole process of data production is described in the Methodological Report:

https://stat.gov.pl/download/gfx/portalinformacyjny/pl/defaultaktualnosci/5820/3/1/1/zeszyt_metodologiczny_popyt_na_prace.pdf

The results are published in news releases and in an annual publication. These issues include also methodology notes, graphs and maps. The description of methodology is included in the publication „The demand for labour” and also in the methodological rules for labour market and earnings statistics. Presentation of the results in the quarterly news releases on Statistics Poland's website and also in printed publications and electronic publications available on the website. Moreover, Education and Communication Department of Statistics Poland provides basic information on the survey and makes data available for users.

Most metadata are made available in publications and on the Statistics Poland website. 

Data are not available.

Existing legislation providing confidentiality to the statistical data: 

• the Act of 29 June 1995 on Official Statistics
• the General Data Protection Regulation
• the Act of 10 May 2018 on the Protection of Personal Data
• internal regulations of Statistics Poland

If data contain small values or data collection consists of only one unit  then aggregation of several units is applied in order to make the identification of individual units impossible.

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