Hungarian Central Statistical Office

Quality of Life Statistics Department

Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO)
H-1024 Budapest, Hungary
Keleti K. U. 5-7.

Harmonised data on accidents at work are collected in the framework of the administrative data collection 'European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW)', on the basis of a methodology developed first in 1990. European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW) - Summary methodology - 2013 edition is the last version available.

An accident at work is defined as 'a discrete occurrence in the course of work which leads to physical or mental harm'. If the accident does not lead to the death of the victim it is called a 'non-fatal' (or 'serious') accident. The data include only fatal and non-fatal accidents involving more than 3 calendar days of absence from work. 

A fatal accident at work is defined as an accident, which leads to the death of a victim within one year of the accident.

The variables collected on accidents at work include:

• Economic activity of the employer and size of the enterprise
• Employment status, occupation, age, sex and nationality of victim
• Geographical location, date and time of the accident
• Type of injury, body part injured and the severity of the accident (number of full calendar days during which the victim is unfit for work excluding the day of the accident, permanent incapacity or death within one year of the accident)
• Variables on causes and circumstances of the accident: workstation, working environment, working process, specific physical activity, material agent of the specific physical activity, deviation and material agent of deviation, contact - mode of injury and material agent of contact - mode of injury (mandatory 3 out of 9).

The national ESAW sources are the declarations of accidents at work, either to the accident insurance of the national social security system, a private insurance for accidents at work or to other relevant national authorities (labour inspection, health and safety authority, etc.). As an exception, when data from administrative sources are not available, survey data might be used to fill-in the data gaps.

In Hungary cases of accidents at work are reported to the national labour inspection authorities. The reports on accident at work contain all ESAW variables. 

The following classifications are used in ESAW:

• NACE Rev. 2: 2^nd revision of the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community managed by Eurostat. For ESAW data NACE Rev. 2 is used from reference year 2008 onwards;
• ISCO-08: International Standard Classification of Occupations managed by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) (revision of 2008). ISCO-08 should be used from reference year 2011 onwards. ISCO-88 was used until 2010;
• NUTS: Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics. Latest NUTS version in force, depending on the reference year of the data collection;
• ICSE-93: International Classification by Status in Employment (revision of 1993).

All economic sectors according to NACE Rev. 2 should in principle be covered from reference year 2013 onwards. Before the reference year 2013, there was no obligation to cover sectors outside the so-called 'common branches' A and C – N. However, most Member States covered those non-common sectors B and O – U before on a voluntary basis.

Data delivery for sectors T and U is voluntary

Some sectors and professions are subject to confidentiality rules. 

Hungarian ESAW data doesn't cover NACE'08 84.2.and T.

COVERAGE OF ECONOMIC SECTORS (NACE), (Annual update expected)

Additional comments on coverage of economic sectors

Codes:

y Sector fully covered
n Sector not covered at all
p Secor partially covered
n.a. Not applicable, i.e. sector does not exist in country

European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW) are based on case-by-case data for accidents at work resulting in more than 3 days' absence from work or death of the victim.

An accident at work is a discrete occurrence in the course of work which leads to physical or mental harm'.

• This includes all accidents in the course of work, whether they happen inside or outside the premises of the employer, on the premises of another employer, in public places or during transport (including road traffic accidents or accidents in any other mean of transportation) and at home (such as during teleworking). It also includes cases of acute poisoning and willful acts of other persons;
• It excludes:
  • Commuting accidents: accidents that occur during the normal journey to or from home and place of work;
  • Deliberate self-inflicted injuries;
  • Accidents from strictly natural causes;
  • Accidents, purely private;
  • Accidents to members of the public, even if such an accident is due to a work activity within a company.

A fatal accident at work is defined as an accident that leads to the death of a victim within one year of the accident. In practice the notification of an accident as fatal ranges from national registration procedures where the accident is registered as fatal. 

Phase I and II variables

The following 15 phase I and II variables have to be sent by Member States to Eurostat from reference year 2011 onwards on an annual basis:

• Case number
• Economic activity of the employer (NACE)
• Occupation of Victim (ISCO)
• Age of Victim
• Sex of Victim
• Type of Injury
• Part of Body Injured
• Geographical Location of the Accident
• Date of the Accident
• Time of the Accident (optional)
• Size of the Enterprise (optional)
• Nationality of the Victim (optional)
• Employment Status of the Victim
• Days Lost (severity)
• Weight ESAW collection

Phase III variables

In addition, three of the following nine phase III variables on 'causes and circumstances of the accident' have to be sent annually to Eurostat from reference year 2013 onwards:

• Workstation
• Working Environment
• Working Process
• Specific Physical Activity
• Material Agent of the Specific Physical Activity
• Deviation
• Material Agent associated with the Deviation
• Contact and mode of injury
• Material Agent associated with the Contact - Mode of injury.

Not all the EU Member States report the same three variables.

Finally, the weight on Causes and Circumstances has to be sent if the Member State applies an additional sampling for the encoding of the ESAW Phase III variables on causes and circumstances. 

The definition of the variables is stated in the Commission Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 and further specified in the ESAW methodology.

Hungarian ESAW data cover all variables.

COVERAGE OF ESAW VARIABLES (Annual update expected)

Additional comments on coverage of ESAW variables

Codes:

Coverage
y Variable fully covered
n Variable not covered at all, i.e. variable is so far not collected in country
p Variable partially covered

Days lost
y num Days lost are covered and in data file listed by numbers (004 - 182)
y cat Days lost are covered and in data file listed by categories (A01 - A06)
p num, p cat Days lost are partly covered and listed by numbers (categories)

Type of weight
U weight to correct under-reporting
S weight to account for sampling
Sp weight to correct special sampling

Data are collected for each accident.

If a person is a victim of more than one accident during the reference year, several cases are reported (one for each accident).

If there are several victims in the same event of accident, also several cases are reported (one for each victim).

In principle, all accidents at work should be covered that fulfil the definition of '3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions'.

In terms of employment types covered, Member States are required to report on 'employees'. The other employment types (i.e. self-employed, family workers, etc.) are voluntary.

In ESAW data of Hungary cases of self emloyed and family workers are excluded.

Some sectors and professions are subject to confidentiality rules. According to the ESAW implementing Regulation 349/2011 (Annex II). Member States deliver the following NACE Rev. 2 divisions of sector O on a voluntary basis only:

84.22 Defence activities
84.23 Justice and judicial activities
84.24 Public order and safety activities
84.25 Fire services activities

Covered economic sectors: 3.3.1.

In addition, some professions (occupations) are also subject to national confidentiality rules and delivered on a voluntary basis: 

- 0 Armed forces occupations

- 3351 Customs and border inspectors

- 3355 Police inspectors and detectives

- 541 Protective services workers

            a. 5411 Fire-fighters

            b. 5412 Police officers

            c. 5413 Prison guards

            d. 5414 Security guards

            e. 5419 Protective services workers not elsewhere classified

In ESAW data of Hungary 0 Armed forces occupations are excluded.

COVERAGE OF PROFESSIONAL STATUS (Annual update expected)

Additional comments on coverage of professionnal status

Codes:

y Professional status fully covered
n Professional status not covered at all
p Professional status partially covered
n.a. Not applicable, i.e. professional status does not exist in country

COVERAGE OF ACCIDENTS OUTSIDE PREMISES (Annual update expected)

Additional comments on coverage of accidents outside premises

Codes:

y Accidents fully covered
n Accidents not covered at all
p Accidents partially covered
F Data of fatal road traffic accidents and fatal accidents on board of any means of transport provided in the main CSV data file
A Data of fatal and non-fatal road traffic accidents as well as fatal and non-fatal accidents on board of any means of transport provided in the main CSV data file

Data are available for all EU-Member States, Iceland (from 2012), Norway and Switzerland.

From reference year 2008, data for all EU Member States (current composition of the EU as of 2020) and EU aggregate are available. Croatian data are included since 2010.

Data for Switzerland was added from 2004 and Icelandic data from 2012. United Kingdom data are available until the reference year 2018.

Hungarian ESAW data are available from 2008.

Not applicable.

Numbers of accidents

Is relevant with metadata at EU level: calendar year.

Legal basis of data collection in Hungary:

Act XCIII of 1993 on Labor Safety, Consolidated with MüM Decree No. 5/1993 (XII. 26.) of the Ministry of Labor.

Legal basis of data transmission to EU: 

The implementing Regulation under which Member States report ESAW data to Eurostat is Commission Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 of 11 April 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work.

The afore mentioned Regulation 349/2011 implements the framework Regulation EC N° 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work.

Commission Decision 2011/231 of 11 April 2011 granted derogations to certain Member States with respect to the transmission of statistics pursuant to Commission Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 of 11 April 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work.

Not applicable.

In managing the data and in its activity related to data management the HCSO acts in accordance with the provisions of Act XLVI of 1993 on Statistics and Act CXII of 2011 on Informational Self-determination and Freedom of Information, and in line with the practice of data protection developed in the activity of the National Authority for Data Protection and Freedom of Information, observes the prescriptions of the current legislation, and also takes into consideration major international recommendations related to data protection.

Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics (recital 24 and Article 20(4)) of 11 March 2009 (OJ L 87, p. 164), stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society.

Commission Regulation (EU) No 557/2013 of 17 June 2013 implementing Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European Statistics as regards access to confidential data for scientific purposes and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 831/2002 Text with EEA relevance, 'establishes the conditions under which access to confidential data transmitted to the Commission (Eurostat) may be granted for enabling statistical analyses for scientific purposes, and the rules of cooperation between the Commission (Eurostat) and national statistical authorities in order to facilitate such access' (article 1).

There is currently no treatment of ESAW data with regard to statistical confidentiality taking place.

ESAW data are released in September of each year  (in year N+2, where N is the reference year of data) on HCSO website. 

Eurostat disseminates accidents at work data by the occurrence concept as soon as possible after data have been transmitted by a country and validated by Eurostat. When all countries have sent their data for a certain reference year, Eurostat calculates EU aggregates and releases them and all other indicators. This usually takes place in the last quarter of each year.

https://www.ksh.hu/katalogus/#/stadat/en

ESAW data are disseminated on HCSO website in STADAT (https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_eng?lang=en&theme=ege)

In line with the Community legal framework and the European Statistics Code of Practice Eurostat disseminates European statistics on Eurostat's website.

Annual.

See Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat) and HCSO (https://www.ksh.hu/) website for occasional news releases.

See Eurostat and HCSO wensite for publications.

See STADAT on HCSO website (https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_eng?lang=en&theme=ege) and Eurostat database (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/main/data/database). 

Not available.

ESAW data is not available as microdata.

Not available.

Not available.

Eurostat (2013): 'European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW) - Summary methodology, 2013 edition'.

All countries provide metadata (see metadata annex).

Quality reports are available with the national metadata.

The Quality policy of HCSO, which defines fundamental principles and commitments realted to quality is available on HCSO website. (http://www.ksh.hu/docs/bemutatkozas/eng/minpol_web_eng.pdf)

HCSO Quality Guidelines on statistical processes have been in place since 2007, major revision has been implemented in 2014.
(http://www.ksh.hu/docs/bemutatkozas/eng/minosegi_iranyelvek_eng.pdf)

The European Statistics Code of Practice sets the standard for developing, producing and disseminating European statistics (see Quality Overview for more information). It builds upon a common European Statistical System (ESS).

The Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (ESS QAF) identifies possible activities, methods and tools that can provide guidance and evidence for the implementation of the Code of Practice when developing, producing and disseminating European statistics.

In general, Eurostat aims to continuously improve the quality of ESAW data together with Member States.
ESAW is an administrative data collection which provides information on accidents at work as they are reported by the Member States following national practices.

The type of data transmitted to Eurostat as well as its timing and other aspects follow strict rules. Eurostat together with Member States systematically check and validate data transmissions according to the following legal acts and further guidelines:
- Commission Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 of 11 April 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work (text with EEA relevance).
- Framework Regulation EC N° 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work.

ESAW summary methodology (version of 2013) defines further details of the data to be transmitted.

In particular, primary data control and supplement of missing information, mainly data on severity of accident, are performed by the labour inspection authority of Hungary responsible for the data collection. Reports on serious and fatal cases are supervised. Futher data  editing and validation are implemented by HCSO in collaboration with the Department of Labour Inspection of relevant ministry. Estimation of underreporting is based on sick pay data due to accident at work.

In line with the European Union legal framework and principle 6 (impartiality and objectivity) of the Code of Practice, Eurostat develops, produces and disseminates European statistics respecting scientific independence and in an objective, professional and transparent manner in which all users are treated equitably (see European Statistics Code of Practice — revised edition 2017 - Products Catalogues - Eurostat (europa.eu).

The main users of the ESAW data at EU level are:

• Other EU organisations concerned with health and safety at work, in particular Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion (DG EMPL) as well as the EU agencies: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) and European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound);
• Member States authorities such as statistical authorities, labour ministries, labour inspectorates;
• International organisations dealing with health and safety at work such as ILO;
• Business associations, trade unions and NGOs;
• Researchers and students;
• Media.

The main users of the ESAW data at national level are:

• Institutions of official statistical system, ministries, governmental organs;
• International organisations;
• Universities, researchers and students;
• Media.

Eurostat carries out regular user satisfaction surveys (see http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/quality/general-evaluation-results) including for statistical domains such as 'health'.

Information about the downloads of individual datasets, detailed tables, publications and Statistics Explained articles is regularly compiled and analysed.

There is no dedicated user satisfaction survey on ESAW statistics.

The Commission Regulation N° 349/2011, of 11 April 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on accidents at work, describes the data transmission requirements.
Member States shall transmit to the Commission (Eurostat) the list of variables set out in the Annex of this regulation. Member States shall provide data and metadata required by this Regulation.

This file contains sections which list in detail the available variables, economic sectors, employment status and information on traffic accidents in case of Hungary.

ESAW phase I, II and III variables are covered at nearly 100% level. For economic sectors, professions and employment types not covered see relevant sections of this file.

The rate of unknown cases is highest in case of severity of accidents. Supplementing the missing information on severity is party possible during the time interval between the end of reference year and date of data transmission.

ESAW data of Hungary are collected from administrative register of labour inspection authority and some degree of underreporting is assumed. To measure the degree of underreporting we use the sick pay data due to accident at work. The Hungarian State Treasury records data on work accidents caused sick pay days according to the main economic activity of employers, thus weighting cases by economic sectors of local units of economic organs is not accurate.

REPORTING LEVELS OF ECONOMIC SECTORS (NACE), (Annual update expected)

Global reporting level

Reporting levels by sector

Additional comments on global reporting level

Codes:

N sector not covered by data collection
UNK sector covered but unknown reporting level
(value %) reporting level
(e) rough estimate (instead of "medium" or "high")

The source of the Hungarian ESAW data is the administrative register of labour inspection authority.

This file contains sections which list in detail the available variables, economic sectors, employment status, information on traffic accidents and the estimetad rate of underriporting in case of Hungary.

As an administrative data collection, the data transmitted by Member States to Eurostat are thought to exactly reflect the number of accidents notified to the relevant national authorities. Therefore, ESAW data are considered to have a high level of accuracy in relation to the absolute number of accidents notified in Member States.

Most countries' data are not any more subject to under-coverage. In general, under-coverage means that a known part of the economy or workforce of a country is not covered by the data, for example if an economic sector or a certain professional status (e.g. civil servants) is by definition not included in the notification system of a country.

This file contains sections about the the coverage of economic sectors, occupations and employment status in case of Hungary.

A significant issue for the accuracy of ESAW in the European Union is assumed to be the under-reporting of accidents (see other sections in this file for more information). Under-reporting means that certain accidents that should have been reported were in fact not reported, e.g. if enterprises or workers are not aware of the obligation/possibility to notify or if they are afraid of the consequences of notification such as possible state investigations and requirements to invest in health and safety. However, even in those countries which suffer from significant under-reporting it is thought that the majority of fatal accidents are reported which then give a more comparable picture for the EU.

In addition, it is assumed that non-fatal accidents are reported to a higher degree in insurance-based systems if they offer significant financial compensation for victims of these accidents. 

This file contains the estimated value of reporting level in Hungary, which is used to correct underreporting.

The ESAW data collection is based on data from administrative register, and therefore there is no sampling involved.

Not applicable.

Information about underreporting errors can be found in other sections of this file.

Information about the coverage of variables, economic sectors, employment types and occupations can be found in other sections of this file.

Not available.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Not available.

Not applicable.

The legal requirement for Member States is to send Eurostat ESAW data until 30 June of year N+2, where N is the reference year in which the accidents took place.

As soon as one or several Member States have sent their data they are published on the Eurostat website.

Hungarian data are published in September of year N+2 on HCSO website.

Approximately 12 months after the end of the reference year (experience of previous years).

Approximately 21 months after the end of the reference year (experience of previous years).

Most countries transmit data before and a few days -weeks after the legal deadline of 30 June of year N+2. Eurostat then checks and validates this data and publishes most of it on its website within a few weeks (in July N+2 or before).

A few countries may send data only during July - September of year N+2. All data is usually published until September - October of year N+2.

Hungary send ESAW data before deadline.

See above.

Data on fatal accidents have a high level of comparability between all countries.

Data on non-fatal accidents are considered to be of limited comparability across certain groups of countries. See section 13 on 'accuracy' for further details, in particular concerning the existence of two different types of accident notification systems (insurance based and universal social security system based).

ESAW data are highly comparable by regions and counties of Hungary. 

Not applicable.

Data on the Eurostat website is divided between datasets with reference year up to 2007 (included), and datasets with reference year from 2008 onwards.

Hungarian ESAW data has been sent to Eurostat from 2004 and published from 2008 on Eurostat website, from 2010 on HCSO website. 

The last major break for ESAW data was between 2007 and 2008 including a change from NACE Rev.1 to NACE Rev. 2.

The Hungarian data are comparable in time from 2008 onwards.

ESAW data on non-fatal accidents may be compared with relevant data from the Labour Force Survey ad-hoc modules on accidents at work and other work-related health problems available from the same main data tree branch 'Health and safety at work (hsw)'. However, this comparison should consider the source of data administrative versus self-reported. 

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

ESAW data on the Eurostat website since 2008 and HCSO website since 2010 are largely coherent between the different datasets.

Not available.

ESAW data are occasionally revised, such as when a country notifies Eurostat about changes in the data, metadata and reference population.

Revision of Hungarian ESAW data is not sheduled.

The practice for data revisions is similar to the practice of publishing new data: either the country sends revised data to Eurostat, which checks, validates and publishes it in agreement with the responsible national authority, or Eurostat makes the corrections for revising data and sends it to the country's authority for agreement prior to publishing.

Not available.

Source of ESAW data is employers' compulsory declarations of accidents at work to National Labour Office (ESAW 2013), to Ministry of National Economy (ESAW  2014, 2015, 2016) and Hungarian Office for Mining and Geology.

Source of data is the Ministry of Finance (ESAW 2017), the Ministry for Innovation and Technology (ESAW 2018, 2019, 2020), the Ministry of Economic Development (ESAW 2021), Ministry for National Economy (ESAW 2022).

Source of sick-pay data to estimate reporting level and weight to correct underreporting is the National Health Insurance Fund Administration, from 2017 the Hungarian State Treasury.

Source of reference population is EU Labour Force Source Survey.

Annual.

Accident at work reports are collected by labour protection authorities and include all information required by ESAW except weight and reference population. 

Reports are processed by Labour Inspection Department of the ministry responsible for labour safety (Ministry of Economic Development in case of 2021 ESAW data).

Case-by-case ESAW data are transferred to Hungarian Central Statistical Office, the ESAW data file is sent to Eurostat from HCSO.

First control of data is made by labour inspectors receiving accident at work reports.
Automatic and manual checks on completeness of variables, correctness of codes, coherence between variables are performed the Department of Labour Inspection and HCSO.

Errors identified by Eurostat are corrected in the data collecting institutions on the basis of accident reports.

To correct underreporting sick-pay data of those employees, which are victims of accident at work and are covered by ESAW are used to calculate the weight for non-fatal cases.  

Not applicable.

In general, there are no adjustments done for ESAW data.

ESAW standardised and non-standardised incidence rates are checked to some degree for outliers.

In case of unreasonable high or low values of these incidence rates, in particular for certain more detailed breakdowns of data, Eurostat may remove related incidence rates from dissemination and replace the values by appropriate codes.

As ESAW is an annual administrative data collection, there are no seasonal adjustments nor other time series adjustments done.

Not applicable.