State Statistical Office of the Republic of Macedonia

Department of environment, energy and transport

Dame Gruev 4, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia

Data on amount of generated waste,  Waste treatment (recovered
waste and disposed waste), hazardous and non-hazardous waste.

National classification of activities, NKD Rev.2 (by NACE Rev.2)
Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics, NTES (by NUTS)
List of wastes, LVO
Statistical classification of waste, SKOT (by EWC)

Sector coverage:
A/А - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
B/Б - Mining and quarrying
C/В - Manufacturing
D/Г - Eletricity, gas, steam and conditioning supply
E/Д - Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
F/Ѓ - Construction
G/Е - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
H/Ж - Transportation and storage
I/З - Accommodation and food service activities
J/Ѕ - Information and communication
K/И - Financial and insurance activities
L/Ј - Real estate activities
M/К - Professional, scientific and tehnical activities
N/Л - Administrative and support service activities

O/Љ - Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
P/М - Education
Q/Н - Human health and social work activities
S/О - Other service activities
T/П - Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods-and services-producing
activities of households for own use
R/Њ - Arts, entertainment and recreation
S/О - Other service activities
T/П - Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods-and services-producing
activities of households for own use
U/Р - Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies

Waste means any substance or object, which the producer or the person in possession of it, discards
or intends or is required to discard and and is included into one of the categories listed in the Waste Management Act.

Hazardous waste is waste containing substances which possess one or more of the following properties: explosiveness, reactivity, ignitability, irritability,
toxicity, infectivity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, toxicity for reproduction, ecotoxicity and substances which release toxic gases in contact with water, air or acid, established in
accordance with the Waste Management Law or other regulation, including any other waste mixed with the hazardous waste.

Non-hazardous waste is waste which does not possess the characteristics of hazardous waste. 

Waste recovery are the operations which objective is usage of usable substances and ingredients, and cover treatments for re-usage of waste, for recycling, and for usage of waste as source for energy, excluding the waste incineration intended for its final disposal. In accordance with the European Regulation, waste which is recycled at the place where it is generated, it is not considering as generated waste, i.e. the amount of this waste is not shown in the total amount of generated waste.

Waste disposal are the operations which provide final solution for the waste that cannot be re-used or recovered, without endangering the environment and human life and health.

Economic entities (with 10 or more employees belonging to sections A-U according to NACE Rev.2 ) whose activitity causes generation, recovery and disposal of waste.

Economic entities with 10 or more employees belonging to sections A-U according to NACE Rev.2.

NTES 1 and 2 (Republic of North Macedonia)
NTES 3 (Statistical regions)

Since may 2008 to 2020 according to NACE Rev.2.

Not applicable.

General description of Data set 1: Waste generation by waste category (EWC-STAT) and economic activity (NACE)

Data sets 2 and 3: Waste treatment

Biennial

Data are collected with the questionnaire of waste by section of economic activities (ZS.O.1). Questionnaires are sent to business entities by post.
Data are collected with the method of self-fullfilment - on printed questionnaires or electronically (questionnaire in excel format).

Data validation is made according to the defined criteria for control. Data validation is
performing before and after data entry. For deviations reporting units are contacted. Data checks
аrе performed on the final results before their publication. A comparison with previous year/s is
made.

Editing: Agregated data are obtained with data weighting of the sample. The lowest level of
agreggation is on NTES 2 level. Variable on which a sample is made is the number of employees
in each stratum. Imputaion: Imputation is made with data from the previous period.

Not applicable, no time series and seasonal adjustment of data is made.

The commitment of the SSO to ensuring quality of products and services is described in the:

Law on State Statistics
Strategy of the State Statistical Office Quality

Quality Policy of the State Statistical Office

as well as in the continuous efforts for harmonisation with the European Statistics Code of Practice. The main aspects and procedures for quality management in the phases and subprocesses
of the Statistical Business Process Model, as well as the good practices for ensuringquality are documented in the internal document called “Guide for ensuring quality of statistical processes”. Input and output metadata, as well as relevant quality indicators for certain subprocesses are described in the document “Guide for survey managers.

- Data for waste by section of economic activity are used by the Ministry of Environment,
business comunity and by Government as the economic indicator. According to the Regulatives
all levels of agregation are calculated and released on national level and are transmitted ti
Eurostat.
- Statistical survey on waste by section of economic activity is satisfyiing the principle of
accuracy.
- All data are published according to the deadlines in the Release calendar and are timely
transmitted to Eurostat.
- Data on waste by section of economic activity are time and geografically comparable,
interdomain and internal coherency of data is ensured.
S.12

Data on waste by sectors of economic activity are used by national institutions: Ministry of
environment and physical planning, Regional center of environment, industrial and business
associations, environmental associations, nongovermental organizations, local government
units for monitoring the trends of the amount of waste through the years as well as for
calculation of indicators, companies, citizens. Data are used by the decision-makers for the technical justification of
their policies, for strategies and plans of actios in the field of waste management, in
establishing strategic actions and measures for economic development aiming to implement
programmes for active measurement of the lowering the amount of waste, as well as
preparation of reports for the status of the environment in the field of waste management.
International users: European organizations express their necessity for information through
specific regulations and agreements, regular working meetings (Eurostat), international
meetings (for database updating), questionnaires and requirements send out do SSO (OECD;
UNSD-UNEP).

The State Statistical Office conducts the http://www.stat.gov.mk/ZaNas_en.aspx?id=33.
This Survey was conducted in 2009, 2012, 2015 and the last one in 2017. 

All levels of aggregation for waste by section of economic activity are calculated and published
at national level and are transmitted to Eurostat.
Completness of data at national level = 100%.
Completness of data to Eurostat = 90%.
Variable on characteristics of capacities for waste treatment. Data on this variable will be
obtained in the future based on uodated register of business entities having licence for waste
treatment which manage the Ministry of Environment and Physical planning.
S.

Data accuracy is ensured by working on decreasing sampling and non-sampling errors, as well
as with additional data comparisons and analysis before dissemination.

In each variable there are different waste categories. The size of the business entity (small,
medium, large enterprise) has a big role and the combination of enterprises like this is
contained into the variables, thus there are big differences in the standard error and the
mediana (the coefficient of variation is a quotient of the two).

Since the survey is not based on a sample, the calculations do not contain a sampling error.

Measurement errors: Data providers are informed for the survey by sending notification for
electronical data collection. Collected data are controlled at the Central Office. Data processing
errors: In line with the electronical filling out the questionnaires, a process of procesing and
control was performed. The most common errors identified were wrongly identified waste
category, uncompleted appropriate table linked with the basic table (e.g. generated waste, it is
not filled in that it is stored or disposed). In case of some larger shortcomings in the
questionnaires, data providers were contacted, and for certain items an imputaion was made
using a method of expert estimation (manual imputation). Non-response errors: The nonresponse
rate amounts to 36.63%.

¹⁾Please mark with an X whether the listed materials are completely covered, partially covered or generally excluded from waste statistics.

Over-coverage

Some local units do not report data, because they were identified they were either inactive, dormant or bancrupt or some other reason which made the reporting inadequate.

Under-coverage

Since all the reporting units are included in the survey which have been registered at the business register in sections B, C and D this error does not occur in the survey.

Some local units do not report data, because they were identified in other NACE section.

[not requested]

[not requested]

Statistical units selected in the survey are in accordance with the rules, valid for the Business

register. Main unit in the business register is a local unit . Units are selected by economic activity (NACE А-У) and by number of employees.

All collected data are measured in tones of waste.

We made the validation of the questionnaire on the basis of pilot survey and since we

established the cooperation with Ministry of Environment in 2008. Questionnaires were tested on

90 enterprises and there were no major remarks from the enterprises to be encompassed

into the questionnaire. Questionnaire has not been significantly changed for the full scale survey, so enterpresises did not have problems with fulfilling it. A questionnaire for the 2020 was the same as it was in 2009.

Of the 206 questionnaires which were not completed:

• 30 reporting units were not identified on the field
• 60 reporting units did not complete the questionnaire because they were identified they were either inactive, dormant or bancrupt or some other reason which made the reporting inadequate

• 280 reporting units didn’t complete the questionnaire – they returned a blank

questionnaire which is considered as a negative answer

• 25  reporting units didn't complete the questionnaire because they were identified performing activity in other NACE or for other reasons.

After the analysis according to the notes received from the field for each reporting unit, it can be definitely concluded that the "non-response" is accurately defined. Within the non-response are included:

- All reporting units, which refused to be interviewed;

- All reporting units for which the obtained data proved that they are not working, based on the received information specified at the address list used at the field (each interviewer had an obligation to record the actual situation within the part of notes);

- Half of the reporting units identified on the field, but which were empty (for those assumed that they were working at the reference year 2010).

Based on the above mentioned the non-response has been treated.

The report is consists of the results about generated, recovered and disposed waste. The quantity is expressed in tones. There is also information on how the coefficient of correction concerning non-response is calculated (number of all companies in the stratum /number companies that respond in the stratum. So companies are first grouped by 2-digit nace activity and then they are divided into 4 groups concerning how big they are (small-two groups, medium and large):

Outliers (those records with data out of the range [ mean -2 STD, mean+2STD] were not multiplied), but they were included in the sum.

[not requested]

[not requested]

After the questionnaires were collected and sorted accordingly whether they were completed or no completed the processing steps began with data editing of the completed questionnaires.

First the questionnaires were visually examined in order to identify particular data errors so the data could be corrected.

The most common processing errors identified are partially missing data regarding the waste type codes  and use of incorrect or less appropriate waste (Low) codes in regard to business activity performed by a local unit. Other type of errors are data that aren’t stated in tones but in some other units (in kilograms, cubic meters, or pieces). For correction the factors of conversion have been used.

The collected data on waste are coded on national level according to the National List of Waste (based on European List of Waste - LoW) classification. For reporting purposes of Waste Statistics Regulation, SSO of Republic of North Macedonia prepared data according to WStatR classification. Regarding how coding is handled and of the validation routines established. This is done in both visual and automatic way (Blaise programme).

[not requested]

No models are used.

Not applicable, no seasonal adjustment of data is made.

In accordance with the Statistical Data Revision Policy

Not applicable, there is no data revision in this SS.

Not applicable.

The first results are published in the form of First Release on the web-site of the State Statistical Office.

Timeliness of the first release.

Not applicable

Time ddifference to definitive resuls=120

The time difference of first release publisihing = 0 days.
The time difference of transmission to Eurostat = 0 days.

There is geographical comparability of the released data at national and regional level. With
respect to geographical comparability with other EU countries, it is also ensured because data
are collected in line with EU regulations.

Not applicable.

The lenth of comparable time series = 8 reference periods.

[not requested]

Not applicable

The coherence with National Accounts is not exercised.

Internal coherence of data is ensured, data are controlled and analysed withinthe production
process.

News release ""Waste by section of economic activity.
http://www.stat.gov.mk/PrikaziSoopstenie_en.aspx?rbrtxt=82

Not applicable, data from the SS are not published in the thematic publication.

MAKStat database-Environment
http://makstat.stat.gov.mk/PXWeb/pxweb/mk/MakStat/MakStat__ZivotnaSredina
/225_ZivSr_nac_otp_sektori_mk.px/?rxid=46ee0f64-2992-4b45-a2d9-cb4e5f7ec5ef

Number of reviews of data tables = 58.

According to the Law on State Statistics (Article 41) and the Policy on Access to
Anonymised Microdata for scientific purposes , data collected for the purpose of official
statistics may be used for scientific purposes if there is no risk of direct or indirect identification,
i.e. disclosure of data individuality. Access to microdata is possible only in the safe room at the
SSO, based on a submitted and approved request and a signed agreement.

Publications:
- Statistical Yearbook
http://www.stat.gov.mk/PrikaziPublikacija_1_en.aspx?rbr=735
- Environmental statistics
http://www.stat.gov.mk/PrikaziPublikacija_1_en.aspx?rbr=703
- Regions of the Republic of North Macedonia
http://www.stat.gov.mk/PrikaziPublikacija_1_en.aspx?rbr=736
Survey data are sent to Eurostat and they are released on the web site of this institution
https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=env_wasgen&lang=en.

Methodological explanation, national
http://www.stat.gov.mk/MetodoloskiObjasSoop_en.aspx?id=82&rbrObl=28
Methodology from Eurostat
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/342366/351806/Guidance-on-EWCStat-categories-
2010.pdf/0e7cd3fc-c05c-47a7-818f-1c2421e55604

[not requested]

Metadata coverage of statistical outputs = 88.9%.
Metadata coverage of statistical processes = 75%.
Metadata coverage of quality = 70%.

[not requested]

The burden on respondents could not be quantified. Enterprises were not asked to register the time spent for filling in the questionnaire. We plan to introduce this issue in the survey for the next reference year.

[not requested]

-