National Institute of Statistics Romania

Department of agriculture and environment statistics

corina.dumitrascu@insse.ro

 The environmental goods and services sector (EGSS) accounts report on an economic sector that generates goods and services produced for environmental protection or the management of natural resources.

Products for environmental protection prevent, reduce and eliminate pollution or any other degradation of the environment. Examples are electric vehicles, catalysts and filters to decrease pollutant emissions, wastewater and waste treatment services, noise insulation works or restoration of degraded habitats.

Products for resource management safeguard the stock of natural resources against depletion. Examples are renewable energy production, energy-efficient and passive buildings, seawater desalinization or rainwater recovery, and materials recovery.

EGSS accounts provide data on output and export of environmental goods and services and on the value added of and employment in the environmental goods and services sector.

EGSS data are compiled following the statistical concepts and definitions set out in the UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Central Framework.

Data are reported cross-classified by 1) the type of environmental protection or resource management activity and 2) economic activity. Environmental protection activities are classified by environmental domain as set out in the Classification of Environmental Protection Activities - CEPA. Resource management activities are classified as set out in the Classification of Resource Management Activities - CReMA. see the revised CEPA and CReMA explanatory notes for detail. Economic activity is classified according to the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community, Rev. 2 (2008).

EGSS comprises a sector of the economy that produces goods and services aimed at environmental protection and resource management (see SEEA CF 2012 chapter 4). Environmental goods and services either reduce environmental pressures or help maintaining the stock of natural resources or they are designed to be cleaner and more resource efficient than conventional products. Environmental goods and services can be produced by corporations, households, governments and non-profit institutions. The list of environmental activities and products has been set out in the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/2174 ('the indicative compendium of environmental goods and services').

EGSS has the same system boundaries as the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010) and consists of all environmental products within this production boundary. ESA defines production as the activity carried out under the control and responsibility of an institutional unit that uses input of labour, capital, goods and services to produce output of goods and services.

Only goods and services produced for environmental purposes are included in the scope of the environmental goods and services sector.

'Environmental purpose' means that a good or service helps either 1) preventing, reducing and eliminating pollution and any other degradation of the environment or 2) preserving and maintaining the stock of natural resources and hence safeguarding against depletion.

The EGSS statistics aim at compiling data for the following economic variables:

Output: consists of products that become available for use outside of the producer unit, any goods and services produced for own final use and goods that remain in the inventories at the end of the period in which they are produced. Apart from market output, output for own final use and non-market output, EGSS statistics also include ancillary output, comprising output intended for use within an enterprise.

Market output is to be valued at basic prices, that is, the prices receivable by the producer from the purchaser minus taxes and plus subsidies on products.
Output for own final use is to be valued at basic prices of similar products sold on the market or by the total costs of production.
Non-market output is to be estimated by the total costs of production.
Ancillary output is measured as a total of recurrent production costs (such as intermediate consumption, compensation of employees and consumption of fixed capital) incurred by enterprises to: 1) reduce environmental pressures arising from their production process or 2) produce environmental goods or services not intended for use outside the enterprise, but instead supporting other (non-environmental) activities undertaken within the enterprise (e.g. waste management services carried out in-house). For market producers, a mark-up for net operating surplus is added to the value of the EGSS ancillary output.
Gross Value Added: represents the contribution made by the production of environmental goods and services to GDP. It is the difference between the value of the output and intermediate consumption.

Employment: is measured in full-time equivalent jobs engaged in the production of output of environmental goods and services. Full-time equivalent is defined as total hours worked divided by the average annual working hours in a full-time job.

Exports: consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants, of environmental goods and services from residents to non-residents.

Council Regulation (EEC) No 696/93 of 15 March 1993 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of the production system in the Community describes the different statistical units of the production system.

The recommended statistical unit for the collection and compilation of EGSS statistics (excluding general government) is the establishment. For general government, the recommendation is to use institutional units and groupings of units as defined in the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010).

The statistical population is the national economy as defined in SEEA CF 2012 and the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). It includes all economic activities undertaken by resident units.

Romania

2014-2021

Not requested for this metadata collection.

Output, gross value added, and exports are measured in million units of national currency. Employment is measured in full time equivalents (i.e., full time equivalent jobs).

The reference period for EGSS data is the calendar year.

EGSS accounts are compiled and reported in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 691/2011 on European environmental economic accounts (EEEA).

The EEEA follow internationally agreed concepts and definitions set out in the SEEA Central Framework (2012), the international statistical standard adopted by the UN Statistical Commission. They present data in a way that is compatible with National Accounts (ESA, 2010).

Not applicable in national level this information is required at European level only

LAW 226/2009 on the organisation and functioning of official statistics in Romania updated with subsequent amendments;

REGULATION (EC) No 223/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 March 2009 on European statistics and repealing Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1101/2008 of the EuropeanParliament and of the Council on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities, Council Regulation (EC) No 322/97 on Community Statistics, and Council Decision 89/382/EEC, Euratom establishing a Committee on the StatisticalProgrammes of the European Communities;

Council Regulation (EEC) No 3924/91 of 19 December 1991 on the establishment of a Community survey of industrial production

The confidential data are marked with the footnote c), following the instructions of the footnotes in the questionnaire.

National release calendar for EGSS data: 15/01/2024 TEMPO (NIS online database), 20/12/2023 annual publication on environmental economic accounts.

https://insse.ro/cms/files/legislatie/programe%20si%20strateg/2023/PSNA_2023_MO_177bis_HG_161_2023%20.pdf

The data are available in the publication Environmental economic accounts and in the online TEMPO database.

National release calendar for EGSS data: 15/01/2024 TEMPO (NIS online database), 20/12/2023 annual publication on environmental economic accounts.

Data are disseminated annually.

Not applicable

Annual publication: Environmental economic accounts

https://insse.ro/cms/sites/default/files/field/publicatii/conturi_economice_de_mediu_11.pdf

Online TEMPO database:

http://statistici.insse.ro:8077/tempo-online/#/pages/tables/insse-table

Not requested for this metadata collection.

Not applicable

No other disemination format

Not requested for this metadata collection.

http://statistici.insse.ro:8077/tempo-online/#/pages/tables/insse-table

Not requested for this metadata collection.

Not applicable 

To ensure the quality of data EGSS, we validate data throught double check with data providers and assurance of fully correlation with data sources.

There is a continuous quality improvement process of EGSS due to analyzes and decisions have made following annual discussions with data providers and suggestions of the Eurostat.

Ministry of Environmental, Waters and Forests is the main user. The most required variables by users are output and employment.

NA

The output, export, GVA and employment sheets: almost 100% for entire period transmitted for A-F, H, M and O NACE Rev.2.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

All our data are already checked for accuracy. We ensured a high level of accuracy for the data reported through reassessment of data sources, performed by analysis and study of relevant methodological documents required in elaborating the EGSS and evaluation of the EP field in Romania. We analyzed the linkage between the Romanian NA system and the environmental accounts, according to the indicators requested by Eurostat (output, GVA, export and own final use). We carried out a comparative analysis between data collected from the three available data sources (NA, EPE survey and EPEA), we identified and we analyzed the differences.

We identified those variables, which cannot be collected from any of the three data sources used and we identified the estimation methods, based on data mention above, that ensuring a high level of accuracy for estimated data.

We analyzed the data sources and their quality, studying the data collection methods in order to harmonize the informations.

The cooperation with the NA, EPE and EPEA experts brought significant benefits.

EGSS accounts are compiled using a range of primary statistical sources. The sampling and non-sampling errors are described in the metadata of the underlying statistical data.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

EGSS accounts are compiled using a range of primary statistical sources. The sampling and non-sampling errors are described in the metadata of the underlying statistical data.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

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Not requested for this metadata collection.

Romania transmits the data to Eurostat every year in October covering the years 2014 - n-2 (n = current year).

The average production time for data is 12 months.

Not applicable

Not applicable

The data were delivered to Eurostat on 31/10/2023. The reporting deadline for EGSS to Eurostat is 31 October. 

No lag between the actual delivery of the data and the target date when it should have been delivery

Data on EGSS are compiled according to harmonised guidelines provided by Eurostat and hence comparable across European countries reporting EGSS data to Eurostat.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

We used the same data source for variables: GVA and export, and part of employment.

We used the same data source for variables: GVA and export, and part of employment.

We ensure coherence of EGSS results with EPEA because EPEA use the same data sources, and we used EPEA data for calculate ancillary output

We compare the EGSS results with NA because is the main data source for EGSS.

Not applicable; reported EGSS data are only annual.

No accuracy or coherence problems

We compare the EGSS results with NA because is the main data source for EGSS.

1.3 full-time equivalents work on the production of the EGSS accounts.

1.3 full-time equivalents work on the production of the EGSS accounts.

NIS has a revision policy which defines the standard rules and the principles for statistical data revision.

Due the revision of for supply-use table from National Accounts

Due the revision of for consumption of fixed capital from National Accounts

Due the revision of EPEA

At the suggestion of colleagues from Eurostat when validating the 2021 data

Due the revision of for supply-use table and consumption of fixed capital from National Accounts, for 2014-2016, we revised data for:
output, except NACE Rev. 2 01-02 (CReMA4 and CReMA11)
GVA, except NACE Rev. 2 01-02 (CReMA4 and CReMA11)
export, except NACE Rev. 2 01-02 (CReMA4 and CReMA11)
employments except except NACE Rev. 2 01-02 (CReMA4 and CReMA11)

Due the revision of EPEA - NACE Rev. 2 84, for 2016-2020

At the suggestion of colleagues from Eurostat last validation data for NACE Rev.2 19: outout, GVA, export and employments for 2014-2020

The submitted data are considered as final

PRODROM: (Industrial Products and Services) database was use for obtain data on the environmental output for environmental products; also, classification PRODROM covers NACE Rev.2 classes 35.1, 35.2, and 35.3, data on renewable energy. In addition, PRODROM data are used to estimate the investment for production of biofuels, and for calculate electric and more resource-efficient transport equipment.
Environmental Protection Expenditure Survey (EPE) - For calculate the end-of-pipe technologies investments and investments in integrated technologies for NACE Rev.2 26, 27, 28, 29+30, 41-43. In addition, we use data from EPE survey for calculate output of environmental protection services for NACE Rev2: 31-33, 35, 37-39, 41-43 and starting with 2017 (and for 2020 provisional data) for NACE Rev.2 7112, 72 and 7490. In addition, we use data from EPE Survey for summing-up of CEPA 7, CEPA 8 and CEPA 9. Also, we use data from EPE Survey for output services of energetic refurbishment and construction of new energy-efficient buildings
EPEA: are used for calculate output of environmental services for NACE Rev. 2 36. In addition, ancillary output EGSS was calculate based on EPEA ancillary output and National Accounts data according to EGSS Practical Guide formula.
National Accounts. We use National Accounts data on General Government Expenditure by function (COFOG) - Table 11 ESA 2010, for the period 2014-2019 (and for 2020 provisional data). The Supply-Use Balance provides the Final consumption of EP. The breakdown of total Final consumption of EP services by all CEPA domains was made according to the share of each CEPA domain in the total current internal expenditure. In addition, we used NA data for calculate GVA and Export for EGSS.
Forestry Accounts: for calculate output and employment of management of forest area (CReMA 11)
Agriculture Statistics: for calculate output, employment and GVA for organic farming (CEPA 4)
Labor force statistics: to calculate employment for EGSS.
Structural Busines Survey: for calculate intermediate consumption for specialized producers

Supply-use tables in current prices (including production account and generation of income account) by NACE Rev.2 divisions, according to ESA 2010.
Production account and generation of income account by classes NACE Rev. 2 and by institutional sectors, according ESA 2010.
Based on national accounts data, we estimate net operating surplus for specialized producers NACE Rev. 2: 37, 38, 39, 7112 and 7490.

For calculate ancillary output for NACE Rev.2. 01-03, 05-08, 10-33, 35, 36, 41-43, 49-53.

Based on the SBS data we estimated the data on the homogeneous branch to comply with the ESA 2010 principles.

EPEA - for calculate ancillary output for NACE Rev.2. 01-03, 05-08, 10-33, 35, 36, 41-43, 49-53.

EPEA - for calculate output for NACE Rev.2 84
Forestry Accounts data for calculate output and employment of management of forest area (CReMA 11)

Agriculture Statistics data for calculate Output, GVA and Employment for organic farming (CEPA 4).
Labor force statistics to calculate employment for EGSS

Not applicable

Not applicable

Annual

We collected data from inside of organization

We ensure the proper quality of data source by checking them with the previous years data

We considered the share of environmental products/activities taking into account the life cycle of the product analyzing as cradle to grave approach:
-the row material of product
-the scope of product
-possibility of waste recycling/recovery after the product is out of use

Output:

The main source for compilation of output is PRODROM, which provides “Total Production” - the volume of all production by product, the value and volume of the production sold.
Using both, production measures volume and value by product (code with 9 digits) we obtain a basic price.
Therefore, we apply this price to total production volume correspondence with each product in order to compute the production value (output) at basic price.
For specialized producers - Output for specialized producers (NACE Rev. 2 37, 38, 39, 7112 and 7490) is valued at the total costs of production, i.e. the sum of intermediate consumption, compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital, net operating surplus and other taxes on production less other subsidies on production.
For Central and Local public administration - EPEA provide us total output data. EPE survey was data source for compilation of EPEA market output (indicators named Own revenues of public institutions for Central public administration and Revenues from EP services provided to third parties for Local public administration) and Intermediate consumption: of which EP services (indicators named EP services purchased for Central public administration and Current external expenditure for Local public administration).
For those environmental domains (CEPA 2000) which does not have correspondence in division 05 of COFOG (GF 05 ‒ EP), respectively GF 05.3 (sum CEPA 1+4+5+7), we established the estimating procedure for 2014 and 2015.
For agriculture, the output was calculated based on the specific statistics, using NIS’s agricultural statistics to calculate the share of land used for organic farming in total utilized agricultural area, which considered splitting agricultural output into output from organic farming and from conventional farming.
For output for CReMA 11 (management of forest resources), we used Forestry Accounts data.

For cleaner and resource efficient products and other (connected) products, we calculate output based on PRODROM data. Based on EPE survey data we calculate environmental specific services for specialized producers and for NACE Rev.2  35, 31-33, 41-43, 71 and 74.

Following the discussion with the NA experts and the analysis of the supply-use tables, we identified the method of estimating non-market output for specialized producers (NACE Rev. 2 E 37, 38, 39, 7112, 7490).
For this, we used data from supply-use tables (P.11 market output, P.13 non-market output) and data from EPE survey linked with market output. To obtain data for market and non-market output for specialized producers: NACE Rev. 2 - 37, 38, 39, 7112, 7490 we also use data from EPE Survey.
For this reason, we preferred to calculate using EPE survey data, instead of make the shares from total output from EPEA.
"EP output" for specialized producers (NACE Rev. 2 37, 38, 39, 7112, 7490) is valued at the total costs of production, i.e. the sum of intermediate consumption, compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital, net operating surplus and other taxes on production less other subsidies on production. The total "market output" for specialized producers was estimated: in a first stage we calculated "EP output" (see above); after this, we calculated the share of "market output" (P.11) in "total output" (P.1 production of goods and services) from NA. This share was applied at the "EP output". The difference of "EP output" and "Market output" represents "Non-market output".

Ancillary output EGSS was calculated based on EPEA data and National Accounts data, according to EGSS Practical Guide 2016 (p.68). For computing ancillary output, we estimated consumption of fixed capital ‒ NA_P51C and net operating surplus and mixed income ‒NA_B2A3N for EP based on NA data and we used share of intermediate consumption from EPE survey in intermediate consumption from NA.
Output produced for own final use consist of goods or services that are retained either for own final consumption or for capital formation by the same institutional unit. Starting with data provided by supply use tables from NA we used the share of own final use in market output from NA for estimation of the EGSS own final use.

Not requested for this metadata collection.

We compile data for energy efficiency related measures for construction of nearly zero energy buildings using EPE Survey data sources, breakdown by classes, respectively NACE Rev. 2.  1623, 4120, 4321, 4322, 4331, 4332, 4333, 4391 classes, and we allocated to CReMA13B. Manufacture of other builders carpintery and joinery; construction on residential and non-residential buildings; electrical installation; plumbing, heat and air-conditioning installation; other construction installation; buildings completion and finishing; other specialized construction activities.

Not applicable.

Not requested for this metadata collection.