Employment and unemployment (Labour force survey) (employ)

National Reference Metadata in Single Integrated Metadata Structure (SIMS)

Compiling agency: Statistics Poland


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Metadata update
3. Statistical presentation
4. Unit of measure
5. Reference Period
6. Institutional Mandate
7. Confidentiality
8. Release policy
9. Frequency of dissemination
10. Accessibility and clarity
11. Quality management
12. Relevance
13. Accuracy
14. Timeliness and punctuality
15. Coherence and comparability
16. Cost and Burden
17. Data revision
18. Statistical processing
19. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)



For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

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1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Poland
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Social Surveys and Labour Market Department
1.5. Contact mail address

Social Surveys and Labour Market Department

Statistics Poland

Al. Niepodległości 208

00-925 Warszawa

 


2. Metadata update Top
2.1. Metadata last certified

21 July 2024
2.2. Metadata last posted

21 July 2024
2.3. Metadata last update

21 July 2024


3. Statistical presentation Top
3.1. Data description

The EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) is the largest European household sample survey. Its main statistical objective is to classify the population of working age (15 years and over) into three mutually exclusive and exhaustive groups: employed persons, unemployed persons, which together represent the ‘labour force’, and the people outside the labour force.

 

Abbreviation

Explanation

CV

Coefficient of variation (or relative standard error)

Y/N

Yes / No

H/P

Households/Persons

M?

Member State doesn’t know

NA

Not applicable/ Not relevant

UNA

Information unavailable

NR

Non-response: Member State doesn’t answer to Eurostat request for information. Blank is allowed only in boxes with comments

LFS

Labour Force Survey

NUTS

Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics or corresponding statistical regions in the EFTA and candidates countries

 
3.2. Classification system
Reference can be found in the dedicated webpage at:
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_labour_force_survey_-_documentation#Classifications 
 
3.3. Coverage - sector

See below.
3.3.1. Coverage

Individuals living in private households in Poland.
3.3.2. Inclusion/exclusion criteria for members of the household
Household members include:
- persons present in the household, i.e. staying or intending to stay there for 12 months and more - regardless of whether they are registered or not, 
- persons absent (the total duration of actual and planned absence is considered) for up to 12 months (e.g. persons staying temporarily abroad, living in institutional households or other households in the country for less than 12 months). 
3.3.3. Questions relating to labour status are put to all persons aged

15-89
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

See below.
3.4.1. Household concept

Housekeeping
3.4.2. Definition of household for the LFS

Members regularly living together in the same dwelling sharing income, household expenditures, food and other essentials for living.
3.4.3. Population concept

Usual residence (12 months).
3.4.4. Specific population subgroups

 

 

Population concept 

Specific population subgroups

Primary/secondary students

Tertiary students

People working out of family home for an extended period for the purpose of work

People working away from family home but returning for weekends

Children alternating two places of residence

 Usual residence (12 months)

 Family home

 Term address

 ‘Most of the time’ criteria

 Family home

 ‘Most of the time’ criteria
3.5. Statistical unit

The data collection shall be carried out in each Member State for a sample of observation units constituted by private households or by persons belonging to private households who have their usual residence in that Member State.

 In Poland, the units of observation are private households.
3.6. Statistical population

The statistical population shall consist of all persons having their usual residence in private households in each Member State.

This is applicable in the Polish labour force survey.
3.7. Reference area

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
3.8. Coverage - Time

Data for Poland is available from 1992.
3.9. Base period

Not requested for the LFS quality report.


4. Unit of measure Top

The LFS produces different indicators with different measures:

  • Numbers;
  • Percentages.


5. Reference Period Top

Quarter

Year


6. Institutional Mandate Top
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements

EU level:

The EU-LFS is based on European legislation since 1973. The principal legal acts, currently in force, are the Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 establishing a common framework for European social statistics, the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/256 establishing a multiannual rolling planning, the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2181 regarding items common to several datasets, and the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2240 which specifies the implementation rules, technical items and contents of the EU-LFS.

 

National level:

The legal basis for the Labour Force Survey in Poland is provided by the Act of 29 June 1995 on Official Statistics (with later amendments) and the programme of statistical surveys of official statistics for a particular year.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

Member States shall make available to the Commission (Eurostat) the data and metadata required under the Regulation 2019/2240 using the statistical data and metadata exchange standards specified by the Commission (Eurostat) and the Single Entry Point.

The Commission (Eurostat) shall, in cooperation with Member States, publish the aggregated data on the Commission (Eurostat) website, in a user‐friendly way, as soon as possible and within six months of the transmission deadline for annual and infra‐annual data collection.

 

Data sharing and exchange between international data producing agencies, for example, a Eurostat data collection or production that is in common with the OECD or the UN.


7. Confidentiality Top
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

EU level:

Regulation (EU) No 557/2013 17 June 2013 as regards access to confidential data for scientific purposes and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 831/2002. It implements the Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European Statistics, which sets criteria for confidentiality of data.

 

National level:

Act of 29 June 1995 on Official Statistics (with later amendments).
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

Data is released after checking it does not reveal confidential data. Administrative identifiers, interconnecting statistical identifiers and any other identification data shall be removed (or they shall be modified to an extent where they cannot directly identify the unit to which they relate).


8. Release policy Top
8.1. Release calendar

(1) the Member States shall transmit pre‐checked microdata without direct identifiers, according to the following two‐

step procedure:

(a) during the first three years of implementation of this Regulation, as provided for in Article 11(4):

— for quarterly data: within ten weeks of the end of the reference period,

— for other data: by 31 March of the following year;

(b) from the fourth year of implementation as follows:

— for quarterly data: within eight weeks of the end of the reference period,

— for other data regularly transmitted: by 15 March of the following year,

— for other data concerning ad‐hoc subjects: by 31 March of the following year.

Where those deadlines fall on a Saturday or Sunday, the effective deadline shall be the following Monday. The detailed topic income from work may be transmitted to the Commission (Eurostat) within fifteen months of the end of the reference period.

 

(2) The Member States shall transmit aggregated results for the compilation of monthly unemployment statistics within 25 days of the reference or calendar month, as appropriate. If the data are transmitted in accordance with the ILO definition, that deadline may be extended to 27 days.
8.2. Release calendar access

PL-LFS: https://form.stat.gov.pl/formaty/badanie.php?rok-pbssp=2023&bid=51
8.3. Release policy - user access

European social statistics are provided on the basis of equal treatment of all types of users, such as policy‐ makers, public administrations, researchers, trade unions, students, civil society representatives including non‐ governmental organisations, and citizens, which can access statistics freely and easily through Commission (Eurostat) databases on its website and in its publications.

 

National release policy:

Standard tables for free access are published on the Statistics Poland's website.

 

Results are disseminated to all users at the same time.


9. Frequency of dissemination Top

First release, quarterly (4x), ad hoc module results (1x)


10. Accessibility and clarity Top
10.1. Dissemination format - News release

Press releases are published regularly at national level:

“Employed, unemployed and economically inactive persons (preliminary LFS results)” – news release with main results from LFS, prepared every quarter after calculating the survey results (about 2 months after the reference period) - https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/labour-market/working-unemployed-economically-inactive-by-lfs/employed-unemployed-and-economically-inactive-persons-preliminary-lfs-results-the-first-quarter-of-2024,8,52.html
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

"Labour Force Survey in Poland" (for given quarter of the year) - the main publication including more specific results, precision indices, methodological issues etc.; published quarterly (online version only) - https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/labour-market/working-unemployed-economically-inactive-by-lfs/labour-force-survey-in-poland-quarter-42023,2,52.html
10.3. Dissemination format - online database

See below.
10.3.1. Data tables - consultations

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
10.3.2. Web link to national methodological publication

Statistics Poland / Topics / Labour Market / Methodical rules, Yearbook of Labour / Methodological report Labour Force Survey
10.3.3. Conditions of access to data

At national level: aggregated data available to public, microdata available to researchers, international institutions, government institutions and National Polish Bank (NBP).
10.3.4. Accompanying information to data

Questionnaire, methodological explanations.
10.3.5. Further assistance available to users

Further assistance available via phone or email.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

See below.
10.4.1. Accessibility to LFS national microdata (Y/N)

Y
10.4.2. Who is entitled to the access (researchers, firms, institutions)?

Researchers, science institutes, universities, international institutions, government institutions, National Polish Bank (NBP)
10.4.3. Conditions of access to data

Institutions must obtain individual for each case consent of Statistics Poland in order to get access to these data. The institutions must justify the need to obtain access to microdata – give the aim of data use. All data are anonymized before dissemination to these institutions.
10.4.4. Accompanying information to data

Questionnaire, methodological explanations, structure of data.
10.4.5. Further assistance available to users

Phone or e-mail support.
10.5. Dissemination format - other

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
10.5.1. Metadata - consultations

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
10.6. Documentation on methodology

See below.
10.6.1. Metadata completeness - rate

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
10.6.2. References to methodological notes about the survey and its characteristics

Popiński W., Development of the Polish Labour Force Survey, Statistics in Transition – Journal of the Polish Statistical Association, Vol. 7, No.5, 2006, pp. 1009-1030.

Publication "Labour Force Survey in Poland" (for a given quarter of the year) - contains a section on methodology of LFS in Poland. Detailed information concerning the Polish LFS methodology is also available in Methodological Report on LFS (on the Statistics Poland website, only in Polish).
10.7. Quality management - documentation

Link to Quality documentation: https://raportyjakosci.stat.gov.pl/


11. Quality management Top
11.1. Quality assurance

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
11.2. Quality management - assessment

Not requested for the LFS quality report.


12. Relevance Top
12.1. Relevance - User Needs

National level: within the framework of elaborating the annual programme of statistical surveys, the data users report their needs concerning extending or changing the scope of the data collected in the PL-LFS. Only the proposals which are in accordance with the objective and methodology of the carried out survey and will not have too much impact on the increase in the survey costs or burdening respondents (which may negatively influence both the implementation and quality of the survey) are taken into account.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
12.3. Completeness

See below.
12.3.1. Data completeness - rate

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
12.3.2. NUTS level of detail

See below.
12.3.2.1. Regional level of an individual record (person) in the national data set

LAU
12.3.2.2. Lowest regional level of the results published by NSI

NUTS2
12.3.2.3. Lowest regional level of the results delivered to researchers by NSI

NUTS2


13. Accuracy Top
13.1. Accuracy - overall

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
13.2. Sampling error

See below.
13.2.1. Sampling error - indicators

See below.
13.2.1.1. Coefficient of variation (CV) Annual estimates %

References to Annex File.
13.2.1.2. Coefficient of variation (CV) Annual estimates at NUTS-2 Level  %

References to Annex File.
13.2.1.3. Description of the assumption underlying the denominator for the calculation of the CV for the employment rate

The denominator for the calculation of the CV for the employment rate is the estimate of the employment rate as a percentage of the population.
13.2.1.4. Reference on software used

SAS Base
13.2.1.5. Reference on method of estimation

Bootstrap method with calibration of bootstrap weights

Shao J. and Tu D., The Jackknife and Bootstrap, Springer-Verlag, New York 1995
13.3. Non-sampling error

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
13.3.1. Coverage error

References to Annex File.
13.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate

See in the 13.3.1. Coverage error section in Annex.
13.3.1.2. Common units - proportion

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
13.3.1.3. Misclassification errors – detection of mismatches of identifiers

See in the 13.3.1. Coverage error section in Annex.
13.3.1.4. Misclassification errors –description of the main misclassification problems encountered in collecting the data and the methods used to process misclassifications

References to Annex File.
13.3.2. Measurement error

 See below.
13.3.2.1. Errors due to the media (questionnaire)

References to Annex File.
13.3.2.2. Main methods of reducing measurement errors

References to Annex File.
13.3.3. Non response error

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
13.3.3.1. Unit non-response - rate

See below.
13.3.3.1.1. Methods used for adjustments for statistical unit non-response

References to Annex File.
13.3.3.1.2. Non-response rates. Annual averages (% of the theoretical yearly sample)

References to Annex File.
13.3.3.1.2.1. Non-response rates. Annual averages (% of the theoretical yearly sample) – NUTS-2 level

References to Annex File.
13.3.3.1.3. Units who did not participate in the survey

References to Annex File.
13.3.3.2. Item non-response - rate

See below.
13.3.3.2.1. Item non-response (INR) in % * - Quarterly data (Compared to the variables defined by the Commission Regulation (EC) No 2019/2240)

References to Annex File.
13.3.3.2.2. Item non-response (INR) in % * - Annual data (Compared to the variables defined by the Commission Regulation (EC) No 2019/2240)

References to Annex File.
13.3.3.2.3. Item non-response for INCGROSS

References to Annex File.
13.3.4. Processing error

See below.
13.3.4.1. Editing and imputation process

References to Annex File.
13.3.4.2. Outliers treatment and other data editing procedures for INCGROSS

References to Annex File.
13.3.5. Model assumption error

Not requested for the LFS quality report.


14. Timeliness and punctuality Top
14.1. Timeliness

References to Annex File.
14.1.1. Time lag - first result

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
14.1.2. Time lag - final result

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
14.2. Punctuality

See below.
14.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication

Not requested for the LFS quality report.


15. Coherence and comparability Top
15.1. Comparability - geographical

See below.
15.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
15.1.2. Divergence of national concepts from European concepts

 

(European concept or National proxy concept used) List all concepts where any divergences can be found

 

 

Is there any divergence between the national and European concepts for the following characteristics?

(Y/N)

Give a description of difference and provide an assessment of the impact of the divergence on the statistics

Definition of resident population (*)

 N

 NA

Identification of the main job (*)

 N

 NA

Employment

 N

 NA

Unemployment

 N

 NA

 

 

 
15.2. Comparability - over time

See below.
15.2.1. Length of comparable time series

168 months
15.2.1.1. Length of time series

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
15.2.1.2. Length of comparable time series

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
15.2.2. Changes at CONCEPT level introduced during the reference year and affecting comparability with previous reference periods (including breaks in series)

References to Annex File.
15.2.3. Changes at MEASUREMENT level introduced during the reference year and affecting comparability with previous reference periods (including breaks in series)

References to Annex File.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
15.3.1. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
15.3.2. Coherence - National Accounts

 

Description of difference in concept

Description of difference in measurement

Give an assessment of the effects of the differences

Give references to description of differences

Total employment

 For NA Wwe use domestic concept and national concept. According to national concept there is a difference with LFS concerns persons in own-use production work in agriculture – they are excluded from LFS but included in NA.

According to domestic concept there is the same difference as described above and there are also the following differences: LFS data used in national accounts are adjusted by excluding Polish residents working abroad (residents working outside the economic territory) and by including foreigners working for the Polish employers (non residents working inside the economic territory). The data on foreigners working in Poland are taken from the annual survey carried out on a Z-06 form on employment, wages and salaries, and hours worked. The survey is carried out by the Statistics Poland and includes all entities of the national economy with 10 or more persons employed and the budgetary sphere units regardless of the number of persons employed.

 For NA domestic concept, data from Labour Force Survey by excluding residents working abroad and by including foreigners working for the Polish employers and by including persons in own-use production work in agriculture.

 

 I quarter 2023 
LFS data: 17332 hous.
NA*: 17558.7 thous.
difference: -226.7 thous.
 
II quarter 2023
LFS data: 17292 thous.
NA*: 17483.7 thous.
difference: -191.7 thous.
 
III quarter 2023
LFS data:17279 thous.
NA*: 17452.7 thous.
difference: -173.7 thous.
 
IV quarter 2023
LFS data:17323 thous.
NA*: 17476.7 thous.
difference: -153.7 thous.
 
Annual average
LFS data:17307 thous.
NA*: 17493.0 thous. 
difference: -186.0 thous.
 
*provisional data for domestic concept
 

 UNA

Total employment by NACE

 No difference in concept.

 NA

 NA

 NA

Number of hours worked

 The total number of hours worked of all persons employed according to the domestic concept consists of: total number of hours worked by employees from the survey LFS (including persons in own-use production work in agriculture and excluding residents working outside the economic territory) and the number of hours worked by foreigners working in resident units (statistical survey carried out on a Z-06 form conducted by entities). In the LFS, the average number of hours worked per week is calculated as the ratio of the sum of hours worked in the reference week (the actual number of hours) to the number of persons working in the reference week. The following method of estimation of the number of hours worked by employed is adopted: number of total hours worked by employed persons working in the quarter is multiplied by the number of  employed persons and the average number of hours worked in the reference week and the average number of weeks in the quarter. Data for NA by national concept are not elaborated by number of hours worked.

 For NA domestic concept, data from Labour Force Survey by excluding residents working abroad and by including foreigners working for the Polish employers and by including persons in own-use production work in agriculture.

 UNA

 UNA
15.3.3. Which is the use of LFS data for National Account Data?

 

Which is the use of LFS data for National Account Data?   

Country uses LFS as the only source for employment in national accounts.

Country uses mainly LFS, but replacing it in a few industries (or labour status), on a case-by-case basis

Country doesn’t make use of LFS, or makes minimal use of it

Country combines sources for labour supply and demand giving precedence to labour supply sources (i.e. LFS)

Country combines sources for labour supply and demand not giving precedence to any labour side

Country combines sources for

labour supply and demand

giving precedence to labour

demand sources (i.e. employ-

ment registers and/or enterprise

surveys)

 N

 N

 N

 Y

 N

 N
15.3.4. Coherence of LFS data with Business statistics data

 

 

Description of difference in concept

Description of difference in measurement

Give an assessment of the effects of the differences

Give references to description of differences

Total employment

 Business surveys comprise only persons employed in enterprises. LFS in contrary to business statistics covers employment in informal economy and all forms of contracts (contracts of specific work, contract of mandate). LFS does not cover people living in collective households. LFS covers residents of Poland working abroad (if their absence in households is less than 12 months) and business statistics covers persons working in Poland for Polish entities (which are not Polish residents).

 In business statistics number of persons employed is measured at the end of the reference period and the number of employees as average in FTE. In LFS generally it is counted as number of persons in a given quarter.

 UNA

 

 

 

UNA

Total employment by NACE

 LFS covers all NACE groupings, STS industry, construction, retail trade, repairs and other services (but for example without financial ones); SBS covers industry, construction, distributive trade, services (but without not market ones e.g. health, education).

 NACE code in LFS depends on the knowledge of respondent regarding the economic activity of firm in which this respondent works. In business statistics the NACE code is based on declaration of the company.

 UNA

 

 

UNA

Number of hours worked

 NA- differences not present or not known.

 Hours actually worked but not recognized by employer are not counted in business statistics in contrary to LFS.

 UNA

 UNA
15.3.5. Coherence of LFS data with registered unemployment

 

Description of difference in concept

Description of difference in measurement

Give references to description of differences

 

Registered unemployment is measured according to national legislation and its definition differs from ILO unemployment concept. Labour offices use the definition of the unemployed according to the Act of 20 April 2004 on Employment Promotion and Labour Market Institutions (Journal of Laws 2023 item 735, as amended) in which as unemployed are classified: persons aged 18 and more and who have not reached the retirement age: women 60 years, men – 65 years /in case of LFS the possible age is 15-74 years, person may be in retirement and be unemployed/, are not employed and not performing any other kind of paid work, available for full-time work required for a given occupation or service or any other paid work (or in the case of persons with 
disabilities - available for at least half of the full 
working time required for a given occupation or 
service) /in case of LFS looking actively for any work matters/, are not attending any full-time schools with the exception of schools for adults or taking extra-curriculum exam covering this school curriculum in such schools or attending a stage II sectoral vocational school and post-secondary school providing education in a form of full-time or evening/weekend system, or tertiary schools in the evening or weekend education system (in case of LFS person looking for work even if she/he is student/pupil can be unemployed), and are registered in the powiat labour office, appropriate for their (permanent or temporary) place of residence (in case of LFS person doesn`t have to be registered in powiat labour office), seeking employment or any other paid work (in case of LFS person must actively look for work), with additional provisions concerning the sources of income, included in the law.

 Registered unemployment:  number of unemployed persons on the end of the period - that is on the end of the month or end of the quarter.  LFS: there are an average number of unemployed persons through the period (quarter).

 

https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/labour-market/working-unemployed-economically-inactive-by-lfs/labour-force-survey-in-poland-quarter-42023,2,52.html

 

 

https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/labour-market/registered-unemployment/registered-unemployment-14-quarter-2023,2,56.html
15.3.6. Assessment of the effect of differences of LFS unemployment and registered unemployment

Give an assessment of the effects of the differences

Overall effect

Men under 25 years

Men 25 years and over

Women under 25 years

Women 25 years and over

Regional distribution (NUTS-3)

 

III quarter 2023

776.0 - registered unemployment

488 - unemployment LFS

Difference: 288.0

 

IV quarter 2023

788.2 - registered unemployment

547 - unemployment LFS

Difference: 241.2

 

all data in thousands

 

III quarter 2023

46.5 - registered unemployment

77 - unemployment LFS

Difference: -30.5

 

IV quarter 2023

46.4 - registered unemployment

85 - unemployment LFS

Difference: -38.6 

 

all data in thousands

 

III quarter 2023

313.4 - registered unemployment

186 - unemployment LFS

Difference: 127.4

 

IV quarter 2023

327.0 - registered unemployment

197 - unemployment LFS

Difference: 130.0 

 

all data in thousands

 

III quarter 2023

55.6 - registered unemployment

46 - unemployment LFS

Difference: 9.6

 

IV quarter 2023

54.4 - registered unemployment

65 - unemployment LFS

Difference: -10.6 

 

all data in thousands

 

III quarter 2023

360.4 - registered unemployment

178 - unemployment LFS

Difference: 182.4

 

IV quarter 2023

360.6 - registered unemployment

200 - unemployment LFS

Difference: 160.6 

 

all data in thousands

 UNA
15.3.7. Comparability and deviation for the INCGROSS

References to Annex File.
15.4. Coherence - internal

Not requested for the LFS quality report.


16. Cost and Burden Top

See below.
16.1. Number of staff involved in the LFS in central and regional offices, excluding interviewers. Consider only staff directly employed by the NSI.

References to Annex File.
16.2. Duration of the interview by Final Sampling Unit

36 minutes


17. Data revision Top
17.1. Data revision - policy

See below.
17.1.1. Is the general data revision policy fully compliant with the ESS Code of Practice principles? (in particular see the 8th principle) (Y/N)

Y
17.1.2. Is the country revision policy compliant with the ESS guidelines on revision policy for PEEIs? (ref. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3859598/5935517/KS-RA-13-016-EN.PDF)

We are compliant (Y), however the PEEIS are computed by Eurostat not by the national statistical offices.
17.2. Data revision - practice

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
17.2.1. Data revision - average size

Not requested for the LFS quality report.


18. Statistical processing Top
18.1. Source data

See below.
18.1.1. Sampling design & Procedure frame

 

Sampling design (scheme; simple random sample, two stage stratified sample, etc.)

Base used for the sample (sampling frame) 

Last update of the sampling frame (continuously updated or date of the last update)

Primary sampling unit (PSU) 

 Final sampling unit (FSU)

Date of sample selection

 Two-stage stratified probability sampling of dwelling units

 OBS – statistical sampling frame for social surveys

 Continuously updated

 The primary sampling units refer with some exceptions to census clusters in towns and enumeration districts in rural areas

 Dwelling units samples (wave 1 - December 2022) or earlier (other waves)
18.1.2. Sampling design & Procedure method

First (and intermediate) stage sampling method

  Final stage sampling method

Stratification (variable used)

Number of strata (if strata change quarterly, refer to Q4).

Rotation scheme (2-2-2, 5, 6, etc.)

 PSUs are sampled within strata with sampling probability proportional to the number of dwellings in a PSU

 In the second stage a total of 55536 dwelling units per quarter are sampled from selected PSU's stratified by size of the municipality

 The primary sampling units are stratified by urban/rural division of NUTS2 regions; stratification within NUTS2 regions depends on the size of the place, with rural areas included among the smallest ones

 70

 The quarterly sample is divided into four subsamples, subject to the rotation scheme 2-(2)-2. In each quarter are surveyed two elementary samples surveyed in the previous quarter, one sample introduced into the survey for the first time and one sample which was introduced into the survey exactly a year before (overlap of 50% between samples in two successive quarters)

 
18.1.3. Yearly sample size & Sampling rate

References to Annex File.
18.1.4. Quarterly sample size & Sampling rate

References to Annex File.
18.1.5. Use of subsamples to survey structural variables (wave approach)

Only for countries using a subsample for yearly variables

 Wave(s) for the subsample

 Are the 30 totals for ILO labour status (employment, unemployment and inactivity) by sex (males and females) and age groups (15-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55+) between the annual average of quarterly estimates and the yearly estimates from the subsample all consistent? (Ref.: Commission Reg. 2019/2240) (Y/N)

If not please list deviations

List of yearly variables for which the wave approach is used (Ref.: Commission Reg. 2019/2240, Annex I)

 NA

 NA

 NA

 NA
18.2. Frequency of data collection

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
18.3. Data collection

 

Data collection methods: brief description

Use of dependent interviewing (Y/N)?

In case of Computer Assisted Methods adoption for data collection, could you please indicate which software is used?

 In 2023 the LFS data for the first wave were collected mainly by face-to-face interviews using CAPI application while for the other waves (2-4) mainly by telephone interviews using CAPI application (in case of problems with IT applications or equipment paper questionnaires were used).

 Y

(we use for some variables historical data from previous observations which are during the interview verified by the respondent, however, information about each respondent known prior to the interview is not used to determine question routing and wording).

 CAPI application is programmed in JAVA.
18.3.1. Final sampling unit collected by interviewing technique (%)

References to Annex File.
18.3.2. Info from registers

Are any LFS data collected from registers (Y/N)?

If Yes, please indicate which

registers.

 N

 NA
18.3.3. Description of data collection and reference period for INCGROSS

References to Annex File.
18.3.4. Description of percentiles and bands used for INCGROSS

References to Annex File.
18.4. Data validation

Member States shall transmit to the Commission (Eurostat) quarterly and annual datasets with pre-checked microdata that comply with validation rules according to the specification of variables for their coding and filter conditions set out in Annex I of the Regulation 2019/2240. Member States and the Commission shall agree on additional validation rules that shall be fulfilled as a condition for transmitted data to be accepted.

At national level, arithmetic and qualitative controls are used in the validation process, including comparison with other data. Before data dissemination, the internal coherence of the data is checked.
18.5. Data compilation

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
18.5.1. Imputation - rate

References to Annex File.
18.5.1.1. Editing and imputation process for INCGROSS

References to Annex File.
18.5.2. Brief description of the method of calculating the quarterly core weights

Brief description of the method of calculating the quarterly core weights

Is the sample population in private households expanded to the reference population in private households? (Y/N)

If No, please explain which population is used as reference population

Gender is used in weighting (Y/N)

Which age groups are used in the weighting (e.g., 0-14, 15-19, ..., 70-74, 75+)?

Which regional breakdown is used in the weighting (e.g. NUTS 3)?

Other weighting dimensions

 The weights are computed using a four-step procedure. First the initial design weights are calculated for dwelling units, i.e. the reciprocals of the selection probabilities for the final sampling units in each stratum. Secondly, the weighted response rates are calculated for sampling units stratified a posteriori by six place-of-residence categories in each NUTS2 region. Thirdly, the initial weights are adjusted by the response rates. The final step invovlves  calibration to some constraints which include the population by the urban-rural division, sex, age, NUTS2 region and a constraint forcing equal representation of reference weeks in the quarterly estimates.

 N

 Reference population covers entire population excluding members of households living temporarily abroad for more than 12 months or living in institutional households 

 Y

 

0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, 15-17 years, 18-19 years, 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-49 years, 50-54 years, 55-59 years, 60-64 years, 65-89 years, 90 years and more

 

 NUTS2

 6 categories of place of residence (the rural area or one of the five town classes) [in second step of weighting]; reference week [in final step of weighting]
18.5.3. Brief description of the method of calculating the yearly weights (please indicate if subsampling is applied to survey yearly variables)

Brief description of the method of calculating the yearly weights (please indicate if subsampling is applied to survey yearly variables)

Gender is used in weighting (Y/N)

Which age groups are used in the weighting (e.g., 0-14, 15-19, ..., 70-74, 75+)?

Which regional breakdown is used in the weighting (e.g. NUTS3)?

Other weighting dimensions

 The subsampling is not applied to survey yearly variables. Yearly weights are calculated as averages of quarterly weights

 Y

 0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, 15-17 years,    18-19 years, 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-49 years, 50-54 years, 55-59 years, 60-64 years, 65-89 years, 90 years and more

 NUTS2

 6 categories of place of residence (the rural area or one of the five town classes); reference week
18.5.4. Brief description of the method of calculating the weights for households

Brief description of the method of calculating the weights for households

Any external reference for number of households etc.?

Which factors at household level are used in the weighting (number of households, household size, household composition, etc.)

Which factors at individual level are used in the weighting (gender, age, regional breakdown etc.)?

Are the household weights identical for all household members? (Y/N)

 

The final weights for generalisations concerning households are calculated in two additional steps based on the final population (individual) weights. In the first step the initial household weights are calculated as mean values of final individual weights attributed to household members (which may differ between household members). In the second step the initial household weights are calibrated in order to assure the consistency with individual weights estimates concerning: structure of the population by age, sex, and the place of residence (urban/rural areas), basic economic activity status (the employed, unemployed, economically inactive) by 10-years age groups between 15 and 64 years, the structure by NUTS2 and reference week. The calibration constrains used include also the consistency with initial weights estimates of households number by size (number of household members). 
This procedure has been used since the fourth quarter of 2023. Until the third quarter of 2023 the procedure had only consisted of the first step (mean of the individual weights).
 

 N

 Number of household members (household size), NUTS2, reference week, place of residence (urban/rural areas)

 Gender, age groups, basic economic activity (labour market) status

 Y

 
18.6. Adjustment

Not requested for the LFS quality report.
18.6.1. Seasonal adjustment

 

Do you apply any seasonal adjustment to the LFS Series? (Y/N)

If Yes, is your adopted methodology compliant with the ESS guidelines on seasonal adjustment? (ref. ESS guidelines on seasonal adjustment - Products Manuals and Guidelines - Eurostat (europa.eu) (Y/N)

If Yes, are you compliant with the Eurostat/ECB recommendation on Jdemetra+ as software for conducting seasonal adjustment of official statistics. (ref. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/ess/-/jdemetra-officially-recommended-as-software-for-the-seasonal-adjustment-of-official-statistics) (Y/N)

If Not, please provide a description of the used methods and tools

 Y

 Y

 Y

 NA


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Related metadata Top


Annexes Top
LFS ANNEX [LFS_QR_Multiple+1.0_upd]