Population (national level) (demo

Population (national level) (demo_pop)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Statistics Poland

For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

Download

1. Contact

Top

1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Poland

1.2. Contact organisation unit

Demographic Surveys Department

1.5. Contact mail address

Al. Niepodległości 208,

00-925 Warszawa,

POLAND

2. Metadata update

Top

2.1. Metadata last certified

19/03/2024

2.2. Metadata last posted

19/03/2024

2.3. Metadata last update

19/03/2024

3. Statistical presentation

Top

3.1. Data description

Data and metadata are transmitted to Eurostat by the Member States in the framework of the Unified Demographic Data Collection which is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 and Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 and their implementing regulations.

This Euro SDMX Metadata Structure is used for the purpose of quality reporting. The definition of the quality concepts and guidelines are described in the European Statistical System Handbook for Quality Reports.

3.2. Classification system

The regional breakdown of the Member States in the regional demographic tables is done under the most recent NUTS classification. There are agreements between Eurostat and Candidate countries as well as between Eurostat and EFTA countries, for which statistical regions have been coded in a way that resembles NUTS.

For more information on the versions in force, please see: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/.

3.3. Coverage - sector

Not applicable.

3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics transmitted to Eurostat
	1.Usually Resident Population	2. Legal Residence Population	3. Registered Residence Population	4. Other
Population	X
Live births	X
Deaths	X
Immigrants	X
Emigrants	X
Acquisitions of citizenship	X
Loss of citizenship	X
Legally induced abortions	X
Late foetal deaths	X
Infant deaths	X
Marriages	X
Divorces	X

3.4.2 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics disseminated in the National Statistical Institute's website
Population	Usual residence population is prepared for the reference date – end of the reference period (31 December). Usual Residence Population according to the definition in Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 Polish residents are all persons who reside or intend to reside in Poland for 12 months and more. It means that: — Persons (registered for permanent stay in Poland) staying or intend to stay abroad for a period 12 months and more are excluded, — Persons staying or intend to stay in Poland for a period 12 months and more are included. From the total usual residence population are excluded: foreign military, naval, asylum seekers and diplomatic personnel and their families temporary located in the country.
Live births	Live birth is the complete expulsion or extraction from mother of an infant, irrespective of the pregnancy duration, which after such separation, breathes or shows any other evidence of life, such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord or definite movement of voluntary muscles, whether or not the umbilical cord has been cut or the placenta was attached; each such a product is considered as live born.
Deaths	The death means the permanent and irreversible cessation of functions of the essential for life organs and in consequence the cessation of functions of the whole organism.
Immigrants	Immigrant means a person who establishes his or her usual residence in the territory of Poland for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months, having previously been usually resident in another Member State or a third country.
Emigrants	Emigrant means a person who having previously been usually resident in the territory of Poland, ceases to have his or her usual residence for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months.
Acquisitions of citizenship	The data refers to the foreigners acquiring Polish citizenship, who have a legal residence in Poland within the meaning of the Act of Polish Citizenship and whose center of life is in Poland.
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	Stillbirth, which occurred in 28 or later week of the duration of pregnancy.
Infant deaths	Death of a child under 1 year of age
Marriages	Union between two persons of opposite sex, implying certain mutual rights and obligations, determined in legal and customary provisions. Marital status (formal-legal) of those persons is married
Divorces	Termination of marriage by court of competent jurisdiction in the form stipulated by law. Marital status (legal) of former spouses is divorced.

3.4.3 Differences in statistical concepts and definitions between the statistics transmitted to Eurostat and those disseminated in the National Statistics Institute's website
Population	Definition is consistent.
Live births	Definition is consistent.
Deaths	Definition is consistent.
Immigrants	Definition is consistent. For the purposes of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, data on immigration with criterion of 12 months is estimated, whereas for the purposes of calculation resident population – according to the Regulation(EU) No 1260/2013 data on immigration flows is including with the criterion of 12 months based on administrative sources.
Emigrants	Definition is consistent. For the purposes of the Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, data on emigration with criterion of 12 months is estimated, whereas for the purposes of calculation resident population – according to the Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 data on emigration flow is including with the criterion of 12 months based on administrative sources.
Acquisitions of citizenship	In the statistical summaries are foreigners who have the right to stay in Poland and here is their center of life, but their duration of stay in Poland is less than 12 months, so that they cannot be regarded as a resident. However, such persons are at most 1 %, and it can be considered that the data is balanced.
Loss of citizenship	Definition is consistent.
Legally induced abortions	Definition is consistent.
Late foetal deaths	Definition is consistent.
Infant deaths	Definition is consistent.
Marriages	Definition is consistent.
Divorces	Definition is consistent.

3.5. Statistical unit

Number of persons.

3.6. Statistical population

	Statistical population
Population	Not available.
Live births	Not available.
Deaths	Not available.
Immigrants	Not available.
Emigrants	Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship	Not available.
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	Not available.
Infant deaths	Not available.
Marriages	Not available.
Divorces	Not available.

3.7. Reference area

Population, live births and deaths data are available at national and regional level of geographical detail.

3.8. Coverage - Time

Most demographic data are available since 1950 (general data). Data according “usual residents” are available since 2009 (31 December).

3.9. Base period

Not applicable.

4. Unit of measure

Top

Data is collected at unit (person) level.

5. Reference Period

Top

The reference date for population data is the end of the reference period (midnight of 31 December).
The reference period for vital and dual events data is the calendar year in which the events occurred. The reference period for migration flow data is the calendar year in which the migration occurred.

6. Institutional Mandate

Top

6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements

Act on Official Statistics: Bulletin of Public Information / Law / Act on Official Statistics.

Regulation (EU) 1260/20131 and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 205/20142.

International migration statistics under Regulation (EC) 862/20073 and Commission Implementing Regulation (EC) 351/20104.

6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

Not available.

7. Confidentiality

Top

7.1. Confidentiality - policy

Act on Official Statistics: Bulletin of Public Information / Law / Act on Official Statistics

The collected and gathered in the statistical surveys of official statistics individual and personal data (personal data which can be linked or can identify natural persons or individual data characterising business entities) shall be confidential and subject to particular protection.

The data shall be used exclusively for statistical calculations, compilations and analyses (statistical confidentiality - Act on official statistics, 29th June 1995, art. 10 and art. 38).

Providing or use of individual and personal data for other than specified above purposes is prohibited.

7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

Act on Official Statistics: Bulletin of Public Information / Law / Act on Official Statistics.

8. Release policy

Top

8.1. Release calendar

Annual data on population and vital statistics is available 4 months after the end of reference year.

8.2. Release calendar access

Not available.

8.3. Release policy - user access

Data is published on the Statistics Poland website, topic Population (Statistics Poland / Topics / Population) in accordance with Act on Official Statistics: Bulletin of Public Information / Law / Act on Official Statistics.

9. Frequency of dissemination

Top

Data on population, vital and migration statistics is published annually.

10. Accessibility and clarity

Top

10.1. Dissemination format - News release

Statistics Poland / Latest statistical news / News releases

10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Statistics Poland / Publications

10.3. Dissemination format - online database

Statistics Poland / Databases

10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Not applicable.

10.5. Dissemination format - other

Not available.

10.6. Documentation on methodology

	Documentation on methodology
Population	https://stat.gov.pl/en/metainformation/glossary/terms-used-in-official-statistics/list.html (only residents definitions); Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 (only residents definitions). The usual residence population – Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023, Chapter I Size and structure of population, page 73 (only definitions).
Live births	Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 Live birth – Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023, Chapter II Vital statistics of population, page 177 (only definitions).
Deaths	Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 Death – Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023, Chapter II Vital statistics of population, page 179 (only definitions).
Immigrants	Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 (Chapter III Migration of population, page 408).
Emigrants	Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 (Chapter III Migration of population, page 408).
Acquisitions of citizenship	Ways of acquiring Polish citizenship - Ministry of the Interior and Administration (mswia.gov.pl)
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	Statistics Poland / Topics / Population / Population / Methodological report Vital statistic. Balances of population Late foetal deaths - Metodological report, Chapter 1. Birts, page 12 (only definitions).
Infant deaths	Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 Infant deaths – Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023, Chapter II Vital statistics of population, page 179 (only definitions).
Marriages	Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 Marriages – Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023, Chapter II Vital statistics of population, page 174 (only definitions).
Divorces	Statistics Poland / Topics / Statistical yearbooks / Statistical Yearbooks / Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023 Divorces – Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2023, Chapter II Vital statistics of population, page 176 (only definitions).
Surface in km²	Not available.

10.7. Quality management - documentation

No documentation.

11. Quality management

Top

11.1. Quality assurance

	Quality assurance
Citizenship	Yes.
Country of birth	Country (in its current borders, if information is available) in which the birth took place.
Country of birth of the mother	Country (in its current borders, if information is available) in which the birth of the mother took place.
Country of previous usual residence	Yes.
Country of next usual residence	Yes.
Deaths	Yes.
Divorce	Not available.
Emigrants	Yes.
First-time marrying person	Not available.
First-time registering partner	Not available.
Foetal death	Not available.
Foreign-born	Yes.
Immigrants	Yes.
Infant death	Not available.
Late foetal death	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Level of development	Not available.
Live birth	Yes.
Live birth order	Not available.
Marriage	Not available.
Native born	Yes.
Person contracting legal union for first-time	Not available.
Regional	Yes.
Registered partnership	Not available.
Registered partnership legally dissolved	Not available.
Separation	Not available.

11.2. Quality management - assessment

11.2.1. Quality assessment: Type of duration of stay used when counting a person as a migrant according to Article 2(b) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
		1. Actual duration of stay of at least 12 months	2. Intended duration of stay of at least 12 months	3. Actual and intended duration of stay of at least 12 months	4. Other. Please specify
Nationals	Immigrants			X
Nationals	Emigrants			X
EEA citizens	Immigrants			X
EEA citizens	Emigrants			X
Non EEA citizens	Immigrants			X
Non EEA citizens	Emigrants			X

11.2.2. Quality assessment of the definition of acquisitions of citizenship according to Article 3(d) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
	1. Acquisitions of citizenship granted to persons having their usual residence in the territory of the Member State	2.Other. Please specify
Acquisitions of citizenship	X (the acquisition of citizenship by persons living in Poland on the basis of right of residence. Data are complete, all applications as well as the settlement (decisions) in cases of acquisition of Polish citizenship are recorded in a computer system – central register of data on the acquisition and loss of Polish citizenship).

12. Relevance

Top

12.1. Relevance - User Needs

Not available.

12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

Not available.

12.3. Completeness

Not available.

13. Accuracy

Top

13.1. Accuracy - overall

	Overall accuracy and special cases (Inclusion/exclusion of asylum seekers and refugees, persons living on unauthorised or irregular basis, international students, persons who do not register/deregister, etc.)
Population	Reliable data. Refugees: if the person who has been granted international protection registers himself/herself and fulfils the criterion of 12 months (or is registered for permanent residence), he/she is included in the residing population size (vital events, migration flows). Asylum seekers: not included in the residing population size (vital events, migration flows). However, it must be emphasized that the procedures of issuing final decisions in the cases of granting international protection rarely last 12 months or more. Persons from Ukraine under temporary protection they are not included into the number of the usually resident population in Poland (i.e. they are not included in international migration and demographic statistics). Category "unknown" occurs due to the lack of the information in administrative sources.
Live births	Reliable data. Category "unknown" occurs due to the lack of the information in administrative sources. The information was not given on a birth certificate nor a birth notification protocol.
Deaths	Reliable data. Category "unknown" occurs due to the lack of the information in administrative sources. The information was not given on a death certificate nor a death notification protocol.
Immigrants	Reliable data. In accordance to the Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 – the data on immigration were based on the administrative sources (population register PESEL). In accordance to the Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 – the data were estimated using Polish data prepared on the basis of population register (PESEL), which includes only the registered facts; register of foreigners maintained by the Office for Foreigners and data from other countries (mirror statistics). Refugees: if the person who has been granted international protection registers himself/herself and fulfils the criterion of 12 months (or is registered for permanent residence), he/she is included in the residing population size (migration flows). Asylum seekers: not included in the residing population size (migration flows). However, it must be emphasized that the procedures of issuing final decisions in the cases of granting international protection rarely last 12 months or more. Category "unknown" occurs in country breakdowns due to the lack of the information about country in administrative sources.
Emigrants	Reliable data. In accordance to the Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 – the data on emigration were based on the administrative sources. In accordance to the Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 – the data on emigration were estimated using Polish data prepared on the basis of population register (PESEL), which includes only the registered facts, and the data from other countries (mirror statistics). Category "unknown" occurs in country breakdowns due to the lack of the information about country in administrative sources.
Acquisitions of citizenship	Reliable, administrative data – actual and legal status.
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	Reliable data. Category "unknown" occurs due to the lack of the information in administrative sources. The information was not given on a birth certificate nor a birth notification protocol.
Infant deaths	Reliable data. Category "unknown" occurs due to the lack of the information in administrative sources. The information was not given on a death certificate nor a death notification protocol.
Marriages	Reliable data. Category "unknown" occurs due to the lack of the information in administrative sources. The information was not given on a marriage protocol.
Divorces	Reliable data. Category "unknown" occurs due to the lack of the information in administrative sources. The information was not given on a divorce protocol.

13.2. Sampling error

	Sampling error
Population	Not available.
Live births	Not available.
Deaths	Not available.
Immigrants	Not available.
Emigrants	Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship	Not available.
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	Not available.
Infant deaths	Not available.
Marriages	Not available.
Divorces	Not available.

13.3. Non-sampling error

	Non-sampling error (coverage error, measurement error, non-response error, processing error, model assumption error)
Population	Not available.
Live births	Not available.
Deaths	Not available.
Immigrants	Not available.
Emigrants	Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship	Not available.
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	Not available.
Infant deaths	Not available.
Marriages	Not available.
Divorces	Not available.

14. Timeliness and punctuality

Top

14.1. Timeliness

According to Article 4 (2) of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 205/2014, each year Member States shall provide the Commission (Eurostat) with data at national and regional level as described in Annex II and related standard reference metadata (In the metadata structure definition defined for the Euro SDMX Metadata Structure) for the reference year within 12 months of the end of the reference year. According to Article3 (2) of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, Statistics on international migration, usually resident population and acquisition of citizenship shall be supplied to the Commission (Eurostat) within 12 months of the end of the reference year.

14.2. Punctuality

Not applicable.

15. Coherence and comparability

Top

15.1. Comparability - geographical

Full compliance.

15.2. Comparability - over time

	Comparability - over time
Population	From 2009 (31 December) full comparability.
Live births	From 2010 full comparability.
Deaths	From 2010 full comparability.
Immigrants	From 2009 full comparability.
Emigrants	From 2009 full comparability.
Acquisitions of citizenship	From 2002 to 2011 and from 2013 (year 2012 is transition period) The central data register concerning acquiring and losing Polish citizenship contains data from 2002. On 15 August 2012 came into force a new law of 2009 on Polish citizenship, which greatly expanded the number of foreigners entitled to acquire Polish citizenship. As a result, there has been an increase in counts of applications and decisions in these matters. Thus, it is possible to compare data for the years 2002-2011 (in force 1962 Act.) and from 2013 (effective 2009 Act.). The year 2012 is a year of transition, in which the two laws in force in different modes to acquire Polish citizenship cannot be compared with other years.
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	From 2010 full comparability. For years 2015-2017 gestational age is not avaliable. The source of data for these years is a hospital’s report (symbol MZ-29) containing only general information, i.e.: the number of stillbirths by birthweight and voivodship of delivery (location of the hospital).
Infant deaths	From 2010 full comparability.
Marriages	From 2010 full comparability.
Divorces	From 2010 full comparability.
Surface in km²	Not available.

15.3. Coherence - cross domain

1. The total usual residence population transmitted by the national statistical office to Eurostat in UNIDEMO may differ from statistics available in National Accounts, Labour Force Survey or in the survey on Income and Living Conditions. The difference is given by the population coverage (see metadata specific to each domain).

2. The number of the third country citizens in immigration flow is lower than the number of first permits, however the differences is small. The differences are mainly due to the fact that data on immigration flow are estimated (using information from various national and international sources – both administrative and statistical), so they could include some errors of estimation.

3. The number of third country citizens in POB 03 is slightly higher than in RP stock because the data in the POB 03 are estimated (on the base of information from various sources), so they could include some errors of estimation.

15.4. Coherence - internal

The total usual residence population transmitted by the national statistical office to Eurostat in the framework of the Usual Residence Population data collection may differ from those available in National Accounts, Labour Force Survey or in the survey on Income and Living Conditions. The difference is given by the population coverage (see metadata specific to each domain).

16. Cost and Burden

Top

Not available.

17. Data revision

Top

17.1. Data revision - policy

Post-census revisions to keep consistent results of census and current population statistics. Last revision (after the 2021 census) concerned data on the number and structure of the population from 2020.

17.2. Data revision - practice

Not applicable.

18. Statistical processing

Top

18.1. Source data

	List of data sources
Population	Results of the 2021 Population Census, current Vital and Migration Statistics.
Live births	Vital Statistics – administrative data.
Deaths	Vital Statistics – administrative data.
Immigrants	Migration Statistics: — In accordance with the Regulation (EC) No 1260/2013 – administrative data; — In accordance with the Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 – estimated data based on administrative data, mirror statistics, national statistical surveys.
Emigrants	Migration Statistics: — In accordance with the Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 – administrative data; — In accordance with the Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 – estimated data based on administrative data, mirror statistics, national statistical surveys.
Acquisitions of citizenship	Acquisitions of citizenship – administrative data.
Loss of citizenship	Not available.
Legally induced abortions	Not available.
Late foetal deaths	Vital Statistics – administrative data.
Infant deaths	Vital Statistics – administrative data.
Marriages	Vital Statistics – administrative data.
Divorces	Vital Statistics – administrative data.
Surface in km²	Not available.

18.2. Frequency of data collection

Migrations statistics – yearly.

Vital statistics (births and deaths) – semi-annually.

18.3. Data collection

Vital statistics – individual data are collected in electronic form from Civil Status Offices (USC) and PESEL Register.

Registered migration facts – individual data are collected in electronic form from PESEL Register and local register offices in gminas (administrative divisions of Poland).

Unknown facts result from the inability to determine them by administrative sources.

Obligation to transfer data to the Statistics Poland is regulated by annual programme of statistical surveys of official statistics – passed by the Council of Ministers.

Additionally the mirror statistics on migration are used.

18.4. Data validation

Data are based on census and updated by vital and migration statistics. Checks on completeness (duplication and lack of data) of records and inconsistent record are implemented.

18.5. Data compilation

Sets of individual data on births, deaths, migration are processing separately. The balances method uses numbers of facts in pointed above sets of data.

18.6. Adjustment

Number of population: -40 208 persons.

The lack of balancing equation is due to the fact that total number of usual residence population prepared for the purpose of the Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 covers the migration flows based on the administrative data ie. reflecting only registered facts with the 12 months criterion, whereas for the purpose of the Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 migration flows are estimated, i.e. cover also unregistered migration.

Number of non-national population: -148 348 persons.

19. Comment

Top

Data of usual resident population in Poland was prepared from 2009 (31 December).

Related metadata

Top

Annexes

Top