Population (national level) (demo_pop)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Metadata update
3. Statistical presentation
4. Unit of measure
5. Reference Period
6. Institutional Mandate
7. Confidentiality
8. Release policy
9. Frequency of dissemination
10. Accessibility and clarity
11. Quality management
12. Relevance
13. Accuracy
14. Timeliness and punctuality
15. Coherence and comparability
16. Cost and Burden
17. Data revision
18. Statistical processing
19. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

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1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Social Statistics Methodology Section
1.5. Contact mail address

Lāčplēša Street 1

Riga, LV-1301

LATVIA


2. Metadata update Top
2.1. Metadata last certified 08/02/2024
2.2. Metadata last posted 08/02/2024
2.3. Metadata last update 08/02/2024


3. Statistical presentation Top
3.1. Data description

Data and metadata are transmitted to Eurostat by the Member States in the framework of the Unified Demographic Data Collection which is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 and Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 and their implementing regulations.

This Euro SDMX Metadata Structure is used for the purpose of quality reporting. The definition of the quality concepts and guidelines are described in the European Statistical System Handbook for Quality Reports.
3.2. Classification system

The regional breakdown of the Member States in the regional demographic tables is done under the most recent NUTS classification. There are agreements between Eurostat and Candidate countries as well as between Eurostat and EFTA countries, for which statistical regions have been coded in a way that resembles NUTS.)

For more information on the versions in force, please see: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/.
3.3. Coverage - sector

Not applicable.
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics transmitted to Eurostat
  1.Usually Resident Population  2. Legal Residence Population  3. Registered Residence Population 4. Other 
Population  X      
Live births  X      
Deaths  X      
Immigrants  X      
Emigrants  X      
Acquisitions of citizenship      X  
Loss of citizenship Not applicable.   
Legally induced abortions        X
Late foetal deaths        X
Infant deaths  X      
Marriages  X      
Divorces  X      

 

3.4.2 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics disseminated in the National Statistical Institute's website
Population Usual resident – all inhabitants whose permanent place of residence is Latvia.
Live births

Birth of a child who breathes or shows any other evidence of life, such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord or definite movement of voluntary muscles, regardless of gestational age.

Number of births registered in the Republic of Latvia during a year, if at least one of the parents is a permanent resident of the Republic of Latvia.

Starting from 2000 the number of births has been recalculated including also children born outside Latvia to mother (permanent resident of Latvia) temporarily being abroad. In compliance with the methodology of the Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat) these children should also be included in the number of children born in Latvia.
Deaths Permanent disappearance of all evidences of life at any time after live birth has taken place (post-natal cessation of vital functions without capability of resuscitation). Usual residents (if known).
Immigrants Long-term immigrant is a person arriving from another country for permanent residence or at least for one year.
Emigrants Long-term emigrant is a person departing to another country for permanent residence at least for one year.
Acquisitions of citizenship

The particular legal bond between an individual and his or her State, acquired by birth or naturalisation – a person who was a Latvian citizen on 17 June 1940, as well as a descendant of such person or a person whose both parents at the time of his or her birth are Latvian citizens or one of them is a Latvian citizen can acquire citizenship; a person may, upon his or her request, be admitted to Latvian citizenship through naturalisation procedures. More detail: http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=57512.
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Termination of pregnancy less than 22 completed weeks of gestation.
Late foetal deaths The foetus born lifeless after 28 weeks of pregnancy or more (after 154 days, when weight of foetus is 500 g, usually). Death is confirmed with fact that foetus is not breezing after separating from mother and showing no evidence of life as heart activity, pulsation of umbilical cord or motion of muscles.
Infant deaths Mortality of live-born children during the first year of their life.
Marriages The number of marriages includes marriages registered in the General Registry Offices of cities/towns and counties (and of parishes till July 2009) and in the churches of those denominations and congregations, which according to the Civil Law of the Republic of Latvia have a right to register marriages.
Divorces

A marriage is regarded as divorced if the court ruling has become legally effective. Since 1 February 2011 marriage in Latvia may be divorced also by a sworn notary.

 

3.4.3 Differences in statistical concepts and definitions between the statistics transmitted to Eurostat and those disseminated in the National Statistics Institute's website
Population  No.
Live births  No.
Deaths  No.
Immigrants  No.
Emigrants  No.
Acquisitions of citizenship  No.
Loss of citizenship  Not available.
Legally induced abortions  Not available.
Late foetal deaths  Not available.
Infant deaths  Not available.
Marriages  Not available.
Divorces  Not available.
3.5. Statistical unit

Number of persons.
3.6. Statistical population
  Statistical population
Population  Not available.
Live births  Not available.
Deaths  Not available.
Immigrants  Not available.
Emigrants  Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship  Not available.
Loss of citizenship  Not available.
Legally induced abortions  Not available.
Late foetal deaths  Not available.
Infant deaths  Not available.
Marriages  Not available.
Divorces  Not available.
3.7. Reference area

Population, live births and deaths data are available at national and regional level of geographical detail. Until 2019 data provided according to persons actual residence (a place of residence defined based on the Population and Housing Census 2011 data and revised in line with the changes in OCMA Natural Persons Register showing change of the registered place of residence and taking place after the critical moment of the Census 2011, as well as based on the information available in other administrative sources on people in institutional dwellings). Since 2020 by registered place of residence in Latvia which is defined based on the address registered in the OCMA Natural Persons Register and information available in other administrative sources on people in institutional dwellings, as well as by revising registered address of certain population groups (children registered without parents; fathers registered with children only; persons not having address code).
3.8. Coverage - Time

Usual resident population – since 1946; data on vital events – since 1920; data on migration – since 1991.
3.9. Base period

Not applicable.


4. Unit of measure Top

Data is collected at unit (person) level.


5. Reference Period Top

The reference date for population data is the end of the reference period (midnight of 31 December).
The reference period for vital and dual events data is the calendar year in which the events occurred. The reference period for migration flow data is the calendar year in which the migration occurred.


6. Institutional Mandate Top
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements

Statistics Law (https://likumi.lv/ta/id/274749-statistikas-likums).
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

Agreement signed with main institutions having administrative data (Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs, State Revenu Service, State Social Insurance Agency, Ministry of Education and Science, National Health Service, State Employment Agency, municipalities etc.). These institutions provide individual level data to Central Statistical Bureau.


7. Confidentiality Top
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

Statistics Law (https://likumi.lv/ta/id/274749-statistikas-likums).
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

Statistics Law (https://likumi.lv/ta/id/274749-statistikas-likums).


8. Release policy Top
8.1. Release calendar

Provisional monthly data are published every month.

Final data on number of population at the end of the year, final data on vital events and migration in the previous year are published at the beginning of June.
8.2. Release calendar access

https://stat.gov.lv/en/calendar
8.3. Release policy - user access

https://stat.gov.lv/en/search?Search=%22%22&DataSource=%22publications%22


9. Frequency of dissemination Top

Provisional monthly data on total number of population, number of birth and death. Monthly data are revised in the June of the following year.


10. Accessibility and clarity Top
10.1. Dissemination format - News release

National press release on number of population at the end of previous year, vital events (on previous year), migration (on previous year) – at the beginning of the June.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Annual publications: “Demography” (in October); “Children in Latvia”; “Statistical Yearbook of Latvia”; “Latvia. Statistics in Brief”.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database

https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/en/OSP_PUB/START__POP/
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Not applicable.
10.5. Dissemination format - other

Not available.
10.6. Documentation on methodology
  Documentation on methodology
Population https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators
Live births https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators
Deaths https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators
Immigrants https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators
Emigrants https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators
Acquisitions of citizenship Not available.
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Late foetal deaths Not available.
Infant deaths Not available.
Marriages https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators
Divorces https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators
Surface in km2 Not available.
10.7. Quality management - documentation

https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators


11. Quality management Top
11.1. Quality assurance
   Quality assurance
Citizenship The particular legal bond between an individual and his or her State, acquired by birth or naturalisation, whether by declaration, choice, marriage or other means according to national legislation.
Country of birth The country of residence (in its current borders, if the information is available) of the mother at the time of the birth.
Country of birth of the mother The country (in its current borders, if the information is available) in which the birth took place.
Country of previous usual residence The country in which a person was usually resident immediately prior to immigration.
Country of next usual residence The country in which a person becomes usually resident following an emigration.
Deaths The permanent disappearance of all evidence of life at any time after live birth has taken place (post-natal cessation of vital functions without capability of resuscitation).
Divorce A marriage is regarded as divorced if the court ruling has become legally effective. Since 1 February 2011 marriage in Latvia may be divorced also by a sworn notary.
Emigrants The action by which a person, having previously been usually resident in the territory of a Member State, ceases to have his or her usual residence in that Member State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months.
First-time marrying person Person contracting for the first time in life the marriage.
First-time registering partner Not applicable.
Foetal death Not available.
Foreign-born A person who was born outside of the country of current usual residence.
Immigrants The action by which a person establishes his or her usual residence in the territory of a Member State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months, having previously been usually resident in another Member State or a third country.
Infant death

Mortality of live-born children during the first year of their life.
Late foetal death

The foetus born lifeless after 28 weeks of pregnancy or more (after 154 days, when weight of foetus is 500 g, usually). Death is confirmed with fact that foetus is not breezing after separating from mother and showing no evidence of life as heart activity, pulsation of umbilical cord or motion of muscles.
Legally induced abortions Termination of pregnancy less than 22 completed weeks of gestation.
Level of development Not available.
Live birth The birth of a child who breathes or shows any other evidence of life, such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord or definite movement of voluntary muscles, regardless of gestational age.
Live birth order The numerical order of the live birth being recorded in relation to all previous live births of the mother.
Marriage Marriages registered in the General Registry Offices of cities/towns and counties (and of parishes till July 2009) and in the churches of those denominations and congregations, which according to the Civil Law of the Republic of Latvia have a right to register marriages.
Native born A person who was born in the country of current usual residence.
Person contracting legal union for first-time Not applicable.
Regional Regional – NUTS-1, NUTS-2 or NUTS-3.
Registered partnership Not applicable.
Registered partnership legally dissolved Not applicable.
Separation Not applicable.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
11.2.1. Quality assessment: Type of duration of stay used when counting a person as a migrant according to Art. 2(b) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
  1. Actual duration of stay of at least 12 months 2. Intended duration of stay of at least 12 months 3. Actual and intended duration of stay of at least 12 months 4. Other. Please specify
Nationals Immigrants      X  
Emigrants      X  
EEA citizens Immigrants      X  
Emigrants      X  
Non EEA citizens Immigrants      X  
Emigrants      X  

 

11.2.2. Quality assessment of the definition of acquisitions of citizenship according to Art. 3(d) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
  1. Acquisitions of citizenship granted to persons having their usual residence in the territory of the Member State 2.Other. Please specify
Acquisitions of citizenship  X  


12. Relevance Top
12.1. Relevance - User Needs

Not available.
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

Not available.
12.3. Completeness

Not available.


13. Accuracy Top
13.1. Accuracy - overall
  Overall accuracy and special cases (Inclusion/exclusion of asylum seekers and refugees, persons living on unauthorised or irregular basis, international students, persons who do not register/deregister,...)
Population

To improve the quality of estimation new method has been developed (to take into account non-registered migration) https://stat.gov.lv/sites/default/files/Metadati/iedz_Metodologija_ENG.pdf.

Asylum seekers do not have personal ID, they are not included in usually resident population (the process of receiving of status usually is 3 months). Refugees receive personal ID and are included in usually resident population.

The reason behind the category “unknown” on nationality – according to legislation, a person can register the status “unknown” in Population register, which is used for official statistics.

Persons with temporary protection status are included or excluded from the population count based on vital signs in administrative registries. 

Characteristics used:

  • people who live in collective living quarters (refugees, prisoners, social care clients) and should be included in the estimate;
  • people who based on the SRS data in January 2023 were employed;
  • people who in October, November or December 2022 received municipal allowances/benefits or were granted municipal crisis statement;
  • people who in January 2023 used Rīgas satiksme personalized e-ticket; 
  • people who on 31 December 2022 were registered with a pre-school, general, vocational or higher education institution;
  • people who in January 2023 were registered with SEA;
  • people who in October, November or December 2022 had used healthcare services;
  • children aged 18 or under parents whereof fall within any of the listed groups.
Live births

Data according to the civil status registers drawn by civil status registry offices; data on those born abroad to the mother temporarily being abroad according to the Population Register (additional evaluation if a child is in Latvia) https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators.

Newborns of the asylum seekers do not have personal ID, they are not included in usually resident population (the case of newborn has pending together with parents). Refugees receive personal ID and are included in usually resident population. According to population estimation results in 2020 41.4 % of long term resident permit holders are included in population.

The reasons behind the category “unknown” on mothers age at child birth: 1) the newborn is abandoned in “baby box”, 2) the mother has not had personal identification documents and she abandoned the newborn in hospital.

Newborns of persons with temporary protection status are included in usually resident population if born in Latvia. 
Deaths

Data according to the civil status registers drawn by civil status registry offices https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators.

Asylum seekers do not have personal ID, they are not included in the number of deaths. Refugees receive personal ID and are included in the number of deaths.

The reason behind the category “unknown” – unrecognized dead.

Persons with temporary protection status receive personal ID and are included in the number of deaths.
Immigrants

To improve the quality of estimation new method has been developed (to take into account non-registered migration) https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators.

Asylum seekers do not have personal ID, they are not included in estimations of immigration. Refugees receive personal ID and are included in the estimation of immigration.

Persons with temporary protection status receive a personal ID and are included in the estimation of immigration.
Emigrants

To improve the quality of estimation new method has been developed (to take into account non-registered migration) https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators.

Asylum seekers do not have personal ID, they are not included in estimations of emigration. Refugees receive personal ID and are included in the estimation of emigration.

Persons with temporary protection status receive a personal ID and are included in the estimation of emigration.
Acquisitions of citizenship Register of Natural persons data.
Loss of citizenship

Not available.
Legally induced abortions

Not available.
Late foetal deaths

Not available.
Infant deaths

Not available.
Marriages

Data according to the civil status registers drawn by civil status registry offices https://stat.gov.lv/en/metadata/5911-population-and-key-demographic-indicators.

The reason behind the category “unknown” – according to legislation, person can register status “unknown” in Population register, which is used for official statistics. Mostly these individuals are foreigners.
Divorces

Not available.
Asylum seekers Asylum seekers do not have personal ID, they are not included in usually population (the process of receiving of status usually is 3 months)
Refugees

Register of Natural persons data. Refugees receive personal ID and are included in Register of Natural persons.
Temporary protection

Register of Natural persons data and signs of life were used.
13.2. Sampling error
  Sampling error
Population  Not available.
Live births  Not available.
Deaths  Not available.
Immigrants  Not available.
Emigrants  Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship  Not available.
Loss of citizenship  Not available.
Legally induced abortions  Not available.
Late foetal deaths  Not available.
Infant deaths  Not available.
Marriages  Not available.
Divorces  Not available.
13.3. Non-sampling error
  Non-sampling error (coverage error, measurement error, non-response error, processing error, model assumption error)
Population  Not available.
Live births  Not available.
Deaths  Not available.
Immigrants  Not available.
Emigrants  Not available.
Acquisitions of citizenship  Not available.
Loss of citizenship  Not available.
Legally induced abortions  Not available.
Late foetal deaths  Not available.
Infant deaths  Not available.
Marriages  Not available.
Divorces  Not available.


14. Timeliness and punctuality Top
14.1. Timeliness

According to Article 4 (2) of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 205/2014, each year Member States shall provide the Commission (Eurostat) with data at national and regional level as described in Annex II and related standard reference metadata ( In the metadata structure definition defined for the Euro SDMX Metadata Structure) for the reference year within 12 months of the end of the reference year. According to Article 3 (2) of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, Statistics on international migration, usually resident population and acquisition of citizenship shall be supplied to the Commission (Eurostat) within 12 months of the end of the reference year.
14.2. Punctuality

Data are sent to Eurostat according to the Regulations. Nationally data are published according to the release calendar.


15. Coherence and comparability Top
15.1. Comparability - geographical

Data are comparable with other countries. International definitions are used.
15.2. Comparability - over time
  Comparability - over time
Population  Since 1946.
Live births  Since 1920.
Deaths  Since 1920.
Immigrants  Since 1991.
Emigrants  Since 1991.
Acquisitions of citizenship  Since 1999.
Loss of citizenship  Not available.
Legally induced abortions  Not available.
Late foetal deaths  Not available.
Infant deaths  Since 1920.
Marriages  Since 1922.
Divorces  Since 1926.
Surface in km2  Not available.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain

The same population is used in all domains (i.e. National Accounts)

The residence permit data includes part of immigrants from third countries and EFTA countries because part of the immigrants have been granted residence permits in advance. Not all immigrants registered.

Citizens and non-citizens of Latvia who immigrated from third countries do not need a residence permit.

According to the assessment method, immigration data includes all registered immigrants, as well as those who have a usually resident status of 1 (a high probability that a person lives in Latvia) and previously was 0. Moreover, each year, around 200 persons registered in the death register who have had a foreign usual residence. These individuals are first included in the immigration, then in the number of deaths.

A residence permit of long validity misses migratory movements occurring in between - a person who holds a residence permit with a validity of 5 years and who emigrates and immigrates again within that period of validity captured by the immigration statistics only.

Beneficiaries of residence permits who have received work permits do not permanently reside in Latvia, therefore they are not included in the population statistics.

The population register includes more persons than actually live in Latvia, the total difference is ~ 8%, therefore, there is more holders of residence permits in the register than actually live in Latvia.
15.4. Coherence - internal

There is no difference in the definitions (data are used for international and national purposes). The demographic balancing equation is used.


16. Cost and Burden Top

Not available.


17. Data revision Top
17.1. Data revision - policy

During the year provisional monthly data on number of population are published. Data are revised in the end of June of the following year.
17.2. Data revision - practice

During the year provisional monthly data on number of population are published. Data are revised in the end of the June of the following year.


18. Statistical processing Top
18.1. Source data
  List of data sources
Population Mathematical method; Register of Natural persons and data from other administrative sources.
Live births Data from registers filled in by Civil Registry Offices; data on born abroad (in case, the usual residence of mother is Latvia) from Register of Natural persons.
Deaths Data from registers filled in by Civil Registry Offices.
Immigrants Mathematical method; Register of Natural persons and data from other administrative sources.
Emigrants Mathematical method; Register of Natural persons and data from other administrative sources.
Acquisitions of citizenship Register of Natural persons data.
Loss of citizenship

Not available.
Legally induced abortions Data from register (The Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia).
Late foetal deaths

Data from register (The Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia).
Infant deaths Register of Natural persons data.
Marriages Register of Natural persons data.
Divorces Register of Natural persons data.
Surface in km2

Not available.
18.2. Frequency of data collection

Data from Register of Natural persons – every month; data from other administrative sources (including data from Civil Registry offices) – once a year. Mathematical method is used once a year.
18.3. Data collection

Agreements on data provision has been signed between CSB and other institutions. Agreements include information on data provision time, way of data provision, structure of data, confidentiality, provisions for data quality.
18.4. Data validation

Data from administrative sources are validate before use for population estimations. Final data on population, vital events and migration are validated before publication – mathematical and logical verification is used.
18.5. Data compilation

All data sources contain personal ID codes. These ID codes are used to merge data from different administrative data sources. Mathematical method is used to estimate actual place of residence for each individual. After that usual resident population data base on individual level is prepared. In addition verification of records is used – if all individuals has all necessary records (i.e. gender, age, place of birth, citizenship). If necessary information adjusted on individual level. To prepare data on birth, data from Civil Registry Offices on birth are supplemented with information from Population Register on those, born abroad, whose mother is usual resident of Latvia and was abroad period shorter than 12 months.
18.6. Adjustment

In Register of Natural persons there are also data on short time immigrants – those migrants are excluded from the population data base. International definitions are used also at national level.

No other adjustment. Data are consistant with other data sent according to the Regulations (EC) No 862/2007 and (EU) No 1260/2013.


19. Comment Top

No comments.


Related metadata Top


Annexes Top