Population (national level) (demo_pop)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Office of Statistics, Liechtenstein


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Metadata update
3. Statistical presentation
4. Unit of measure
5. Reference Period
6. Institutional Mandate
7. Confidentiality
8. Release policy
9. Frequency of dissemination
10. Accessibility and clarity
11. Quality management
12. Relevance
13. Accuracy
14. Timeliness and punctuality
15. Coherence and comparability
16. Cost and Burden
17. Data revision
18. Statistical processing
19. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

Download


1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Office of Statistics, Liechtenstein
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Office of Statistics
1.5. Contact mail address

Amt für Statistik
Aeulestrasse 51
Postfach 684
9490 Vaduz
LIECHTENSTEIN


2. Metadata update Top
2.1. Metadata last certified 19/02/2024
2.2. Metadata last posted 19/02/2024
2.3. Metadata last update 20/02/2024


3. Statistical presentation Top
3.1. Data description

Data and metadata are transmitted to Eurostat by the Member States in the framework of the Unified Demographic Data Collection which is in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 and Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 and their implementing regulations.

This Euro SDMX Metadata Structure is used for the purpose of quality reporting. The definition of the quality concepts and guidelines are described in the European Statistical System Handbook for Quality Reports.

The population statistics include all persons who have an official residence in Liechtenstein on the reference date (December 31) and who reside or intend to reside for a period of one year or longer. Thus the offical population registered in accordance with the statutory provisions, i.e. the administrative reality is depicted. Persons whose settlement, permanent residence or annual residence permit has expired but who have not left the country are included in the statistics. The usual place of residence is defined as the place of place of legal, registered residence.
3.2. Classification system

The regional breakdown of the Member States in the regional demographic tables is done under the most recent NUTS classification. There are agreements between Eurostat and Candidate countries as well as between Eurostat and EFTA countries, for which statistical regions have been coded in a way that resembles NUTS.

For more information on the versions in force, please see: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/.
3.3. Coverage - sector

Economic sectors: The classic classification into the three economic sectors of agriculture, industry and services
results from the following summary of the NOGA sections or NOGA divisions (NOGA 2008):
Sector 1 Agriculture:
Section A (or divisions 01-03)
Sector 2 Industry:
Sections B-F (or divisions 05-43)
Sector 3 Services:
Sections G-U (or divisions 45-99)



Annexes:
Details for Economic Sectors, NOGA classification - PDF, page 14
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
3.4.1 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics transmitted to Eurostat
  1.Usually Resident Population  2. Legal Residence Population  3. Registered Residence Population 4. Other 
Population    X    
Live births    X    
Deaths    X    
Immigrants    X    
Emigrants    X    
Acquisitions of citizenship    X    
Loss of citizenship    X    
Legally induced abortions Not applicable.
Late foetal deaths Not applicable.
Infant deaths Not applicable.
Marriages    X    
Divorces    X    

 

3.4.2 Statistical concepts and definitions used in the statistics disseminated in the National Statistical Institute's website
Population Persons who have lived in Liechtenstein for a continuous period of at least 12 months before the reference time, or persons who arrived in Liechtenstein during the 12 months before the reference time with the intention of staying there for at least one year (permanent resident population).
Live births Mother of the child or the child has to be part of the permanent resident population.
Deaths Death of persons that are part of the permanent resident population.
Immigrants Long-term immigrants (persons who lived 12 months or longer in Liechtenstein or intents to live 12 month and longer in Liechtenstein).
Emigrants Long-term emigrants (persons who lived 12 months or longer in Liechtenstein or intended to live 12 month and longer in Liechtenstein).
Acquisitions of citizenship Persons of the permanent resident population who received the citizenship of Liechtenstein.
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Late foetal deaths Not available. 
Infant deaths Not available. 
Marriages Not available. 
Divorces Not available. 

 

3.4.3 Differences in statistical concepts and definitions between the statistics transmitted to Eurostat and those disseminated in the National Statistics Institute's website
Population Students who study abroad are often part of the population.
Live births No deviation.
Deaths No deviation.
Immigrants No deviation.
Emigrants No deviation.
Acquisitions of citizenship No deviation.
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Late foetal deaths Not available. 
Infant deaths Not available.
Marriages Not available.
Divorces Not available.
3.5. Statistical unit

Number of persons.
3.6. Statistical population
  Statistical population
Population  No survey, data from population register.
Live births  No survey, data from population register.
Deaths  No survey, data from population register.
Immigrants  No survey, data from population register.
Emigrants  No survey, data from population register.
Acquisitions of citizenship  No survey, data from population register.
Loss of citizenship  Not available.
Legally induced abortions  Not available.
Late foetal deaths  Not available.
Infant deaths  Not available.
Marriages  Not available.
Divorces  Not available.
3.7. Reference area

Data concerning population, live births and deaths is available at national and regional level of geographical detail.
3.8. Coverage - Time

Data according to the actual definitions are available since 1999.
3.9. Base period

Not applicable.


4. Unit of measure Top

Data is collected at unit (person) level.


5. Reference Period Top

The reference date for population data is 31st of December.
The reference period for vital and dual events data is the calendar year in which the events occurred. The reference period for migration flow data is the calendar year in which the migration occurred.


6. Institutional Mandate Top
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements

The related legal acts are:

1) Commission Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European demographic statistics;
2) Commission Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on migration and international protection;
3) National Statistics Act of 17 September 2008.
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

The Office of Statistics is the sole data producer of official statistics in Liechtenstein.


7. Confidentiality Top
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

Statistical confidentiality is defined as a statistical principle in the Law on Statistics Article 5, par. 2 (c). There are detailed provisions in Article 16 about statistical confidentiality, in Article 17 about the transmission of personal data to other statistical offices or to research institutes, in Article 18 about data security and data storage.
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

Article 19, paragraph 3, of the Law on Statistics states that statistical results that have been published or made available may not enable any conclusions to be drawn regarding the circumstances of an individual, identifiable person, unless this information is publicly accessible.


8. Release policy Top
8.1. Release calendar

The release of Population Statistics 31 December is:
— preliminary data: t+2.5 month;
— final data: t+9 month.

The release of Migration Statistics is 11 months after the reference year.

Exact dates are published 3 months ahead of publication in the release calendar.



Annexes:
Release calendar
8.2. Release calendar access

There is a release calendar available on the website of the Office of Statistics, which is easily accessible and announces publication dates 3 months in advance.



Annexes:
publication calendar
8.3. Release policy - user access

All users are informed at the same time about statistical releases.

All users can subscribe to a newsletter, which is sent out at the time when the statistical publication is published on the website of the Office of Statistics. The fixed release time is set at 9.00 am.

There are two embargos:

1) If a media conference is planned for a (new) statistical publication, participants of media conferences who will inform the
media about a publication receive a copy of the publication in advance. This procedure is made public in the preface of the report about methodology and quality.

2) Members of the government can request a publication for a specific subject in advance by an official application. This application is valid for one legislative period (4 years). Currently no advanced access is requested for any population statistics.

The procedure is made public in the preface.

Staff of the Office of Statistics is instructed to treat all users equally and not to give out any information in advance of a publication.


9. Frequency of dissemination Top

Data for UNIDEMO/POPSTAT is delivered on a yearly basis.


10. Accessibility and clarity Top
10.1. Dissemination format - News release

A newsletter is sent out. It contains some short information about the publication released, a link to the webpage of the publication and a link to the topic on the homepage of the Office of Statistics.



Annexes:
Publications on the topic of population.
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

The Office of Statistics releases 5 publications for each reference year: online information, excel-files and interactive tables.

Zivilstandsstatistik (deaths and live births): https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/geburten-todesfaelle.

Marriages and divorces: https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/ehen-partnerschaften.

Bevölkerungsstatistik (population): https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstand.

Migrationsstatistik (immigrants, emigrants): https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/migration-binnenwanderung; https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsbewegung.
10.3. Dissemination format - online database

There is an online database “eTab-Portal” for the population statistic available: www.etab.llv.li.
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Not applicable.
10.5. Dissemination format - other

There are Excel-files available as well, and PDF files of graphs and associated texts can be automatically generated by users. 
10.6. Documentation on methodology
  Documentation on methodology
Population Each publication has a report on methodology and quality which contains  information about divergences from European definitions.
“Population” is defined in Bevölkerungsstatistik: https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstand, PDF is available in the tab "Methodik + Qualität".
Live births Each publication has a report on methodology and quality which contains  information about divergences from European definitions.
“Live birth” is defined in Bevölkerungsstatistik: https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/geburten-sterbefaelle , PDF is available in the tab "Methodik + Qualität".
Deaths Each publication has a report on methodology and quality which contains  information about divergences from European definitions.
“Live birth” is defined in Bevölkerungsstatistik: https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/geburten-sterbefaelle, PDF is available in the tab "Methodik + Qualität".
Immigrants

Each publication has a report on methodology and quality which contains  information about divergences from European definitions.
“Immigrants” is defined in Migrationstatistik: https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/migration-binnenwanderung, PDF is available in the tab "Methodik + Qualität".
Emigrants

Each publication has a report on methodology and quality which contains  information about divergences from European definitions.
“Immigrants” is defined in Migrationstatistik: https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/migration-binnenwanderung, PDF is available in the tab "Methodik + Qualität".
Acquisitions of citizenship

Each publication has a report on methodology and quality which contains  information about divergences from European definitions.

“Acquisition of citizenship” is defined in Einbürgerungsstatistik: https://www.statistikportal.li/de/themen/bevoelkerung/einbuergerungen,  PDF is available in the tab "Methodik + Qualität".
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Late foetal deaths Not available.
Infant deaths Not available.
Marriages Not available.
Divorces Not available.
Surface in km2 Not available.
10.7. Quality management - documentation

Since 2019 in the Office of Statistics on person is (part-time) taking care of quality management. In addition there is a clear process for managing quality in the Office of Statistics. For each statistical publication, it is defined in an internal document who is responsible for the production and who is responsible for the quality control of the statistical publication. Therefore, the “four-eyes” principle applies and a standardised check-sheet is in use. Any quality issues are reported in the document "Methodik und Qualität" (see links under 10.6) and published on the website of each publication.

A general description of the organisation of the quality control in the Office of Statistics can be found in the quality guidelines attached.



Annexes:
Quality guidelines


11. Quality management Top
11.1. Quality assurance
   Quality assurance
Citizenship The definition of citizenship stated in Article 2.1 of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 is applied.
Country of birth The definition of country of birth stated in Article 2.1 of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 is applied.
The country of birth is the country (in its current borders, if the information is available) in which the birth took place.
Country of birth of the mother The definition of country of birth of the mother stated in Article 2(c) of Regulation (EU) No 205/2014 is applied.
The ‘country of birth of the mother’ is the country (in its current borders, if the information is available) in which the birth took place.
Country of previous usual residence The definition of country of previous usual residence stated in Article 2(a) of Regulation (EU) No 351/2010 is applied.
The country of previous usual residence means the country in which a person was usually resident immediately prior to immigration, regardless of the person’s citizenship or country of birth.
Country of next usual residence The definition of country of next usual residence stated in Article 2(b) of Regulation (EU) No 351/2010 is applied.
The country of next usual residence means the country in which a person becomes usually resident following an emigration, regardless of the person’s citizenship or country of birth.
Deaths The definition of death stated in Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 1260/2013 is applied.
Divorce Not available.
Emigrants The definition of emigrant stated in Article 2.1 of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 is applied.
First-time marrying person Not available. 
First-time registering partner Not available.
Foetal death Not available.
Foreign-born The definition of foreign-born in Article 2(e) of Regulation  (EU) No 351/2010 is applied.
Immigrants The definition of immigrant stated in Article 2.1 of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 is applied.
Infant death Not available.
Late foetal death Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Level of development Not available.
Live birth The definition of live birth stated in Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 1260/2013 is applied.
Live birth order Not available.
Marriage Not available.
Native born The definition of native-born in Article 2(d) of Regulation (EU) No 351/2010 is applied.
Person contracting legal union for first-time Not available.
Regional The definition of regional stated in Article 2 of Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 is not relevant for Liechtenstein. NUTS-1, NUTS-2 or NUTS-3 are all equal in Liechtenstein.
Registered partnership Not available.
Registered partnership legally dissolved Not available.
Separation Not available.
11.2. Quality management - assessment
11.2.1. Quality assessment: Type of duration of stay used when counting a person as a migrant according to Art. 2(b) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
  1. Actual duration of stay of at least 12 months 2. Intended duration of stay of at least 12 months 3. Actual and intended duration of stay of at least 12 months 4. Other. Please specify
Nationals Immigrants       There is no duration of stay for counting a person with national citizenship as an immigrant.
Emigrants       There is no duration of stay for counting a person with national citizenship as an emigrant.
EEA citizens Immigrants      

As soon as an EEA citizen is part of the permanent resident population as at 31 December t, the person is counted as an immigrant at the reference year t.

The permanent resident population as at 31 December t consists of persons who have lived in Liechtenstein for a continuous period of at least 12 months or persons who arrived in Liechtenstein during the 12 months before the reference date 31 December t with the intention of staying there for at least one year.
Emigrants       As soon as an EEA citizen is not any more part of the permanent resident population as at 31 December t, the person is counted as an emigrant at the reference year t.
Non EEA citizens Immigrants       As soon as a non-EEA citizen is part of the permanent resident population as at 31 December t, the person is counted as an immigrant at the reference year t.

The permanent resident population as at 31 December t consists of persons who have lived in Liechtenstein for a continuous period of at least 12 months or persons who arrived in Liechtenstein during the 12 months before the reference date 31 December t with the intention of staying there for at least one year.
Emigrants       As soon as a non-EEA citizen is not any more part of the permanent resident population as at 31 December t, the person is counted as an emigrant at the reference year t.

 

11.2.2. Quality assessment of the definition of acquisitions of citizenship according to Art. 3(d) of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007
  1. Acquisitions of citizenship granted to persons having their usual residence in the territory of the Member State 2.Other. Please specify
Acquisitions of citizenship X  

All acquisitions of citizenship are centrally registered by law. The office in charge of the register reports the acquisitions of citizenship to the statistical office.


12. Relevance Top
12.1. Relevance - User Needs

Report on methodology and quality of the publication lists the key users of the statistical publication (Richtlinie für Kapitel Methodik und Qualität, point 1.2).
Report on methodology and quality of the publication lists the unmet user needs of the statistical publication (Richtlinie für Kapitel Methodik und Qualität, point 2.1).



Annexes:
User needs are part of the quality guidelines, chapter 2
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

The Office of Statistics Liechtenstein has conducted a user survey in Spring 2023 (the survey is carried out every 4 years). The users of statistical information were contacted by email and asked to fill in an online questionnaire. In addition there was also the option for all users to fill in the questionnaire spontanously online.



Annexes:
Results of the user survey 2023
12.3. Completeness

In the report on methodology and quality of the publication lists the unmet user needs of the statistical publication (Richtlinie für Kapitel C Methodik und Qualität, point 2.1).


13. Accuracy Top
13.1. Accuracy - overall
  Overall accuracy and special cases (Inclusion/exclusion of asylum seekers and refugees, persons living on unauthorised or irregular basis, international students, persons who do not register/deregister,...)
Population

According to the → quality guidelines, chapter 2.3.2, page 17, source data have to be checked concerning logical consistency, plausibility and completeness. There are error reports (automatic consistency and plausibility checks) in the Oracle Database for population register.
The quality of the data is good.

The permanent resident population consists of persons who live at the due day 12 months or longer in Liechtenstein or who intend to stay 12 months or longer in Liechtenstein.
These are:
— Liechtenstein nationals living in Liechtenstein;
— Settled foreign nationals;
— Permanent residents;
— One‐year residents;
— Customs officers and family members;
— Short‐term residents, who live at the due day 12 months or longer in Liechtenstein;
— Provisionally admitted foreign nationals, who live at the due day 12 months or longer in Liechtenstein.

Refugees (anerkannte Flüchtlinge) receive one‐year resident permits and they are part of the permanent resident population

Not included in permanent resident population are in particular:
— Asylum seekers;
— Provisionally admitted foreign nationals, who live at the due day less than 12 months in Liechtenstein;
— Short‐term residents, who live at the due day less than 12 months in Liechtenstein;

— People in need of temporary protection.

There are very few cases for which unknown value is reported. The information, then, is not available in the register.
Live births

All live births of the population are centrally registered. The statistical office has access to this central register.
The quality of the data is good.

The live births includ the live births of mothers who at the time of the birth part of the permanent resident population or non-permanent resident population, and live births who are at the time of their birth part of the permanent resident population or non-permanent resident population.

Live births of asylum seekers, people in need of temporary protection and refugees are included.

There are very few cases for which unknown value is reported. The information, then, is not available in the register.
Deaths

All death of the population are centrally registered. The statistical office has access to this central register.
The quality of the data is good.

The deceased persons are part of the permanent resident population.

Deaths of refugees are included, because they are part of the permanent resident population.
Deaths of asylum seekers and of people in need of temporary protection are not included, because they are not part of the permanent resident population.

There are very few cases for which unknown value is reported. The information, then, is not available in the register.
Immigrants

The immigrants are extracted from the population register.
The quality of the data is good.

Immigrants are part of the permanent resident populations at 31 December t and were not part of the permanent resident populations at 31 December t-1.

Refugees are included, because they are part of the permanent resident population.
Asylum seekers and people in need of temporary protection are not included, because they are not part of the permanent resident population.

There are very few cases for which unknown value is reported. The information, then, is not available in the register.
Emigrants

The emigrants are extracted from population register.
The quality of the data is good.

Emigrants were part of the permanent resident populations at 31 December t-1 and are part of the permanent resident population as at 31 December t.

Refugees are included, because they are part of the permanent resident population.
Asylum seekers and people in need of temporary protection are not included, because they are not part of the permanent resident population.

There are very few cases for which unknown value is reported. The information, then, is not available in the register.
Acquisitions of citizenship

All acquisitions of citizenship are centrally registered. The office in charge of the register reports the acquisitions of citizenship to the statistical office.
The quality of the data is good.

There are very few cases for which unknown value is reported. The information, then, is not available in the register.
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available. 
Late foetal deaths Not available.
Infant deaths Not available.
Marriages Not available.
Divorces Not available.
13.2. Sampling error
  Sampling error
Population Not applicable.
Live births Not applicable.
Deaths Not applicable.
Immigrants Not applicable.
Emigrants Not applicable.
Acquisitions of citizenship Not applicable.
Loss of citizenship Not applicable.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Late foetal deaths Not available.
Infant deaths Not applicable.
Marriages Not available.
Divorces Not available.
13.3. Non-sampling error
  Non-sampling error (coverage error, measurement error, non-response error, processing error, model assumption error)
Population  Not applicable.
Live births  Not applicable.
Deaths  Not applicable.
Immigrants  Not applicable.
Emigrants  Not applicable.
Acquisitions of citizenship  Not applicable.
Loss of citizenship  Not applicable.
Legally induced abortions  Not available.
Late foetal deaths  Not available.
Infant deaths  Not applicable.
Marriages  Not available.
Divorces  Not available.


14. Timeliness and punctuality Top
14.1. Timeliness

According to Article 4 (2) of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 205/2014, each year Member States shall provide the Commission (Eurostat) with data at national and regional level as described in Annex II and related standard reference metadata (in the metadata structure definition defined for the Euro SDMX Metadata Structure) for the reference year within 12 months of the end of the reference year. According to Article 3 (2) of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, Statistics on international migration, usually resident population and acquisition of citizenship shall be supplied to the Commission (Eurostat) within 12 months of the end of the reference year.
14.2. Punctuality

All data on the topic population with reference year 2022 was published on time.


15. Coherence and comparability Top
15.1. Comparability - geographical

The statistics are comparable between geographical areas.
15.2. Comparability - over time
  Comparability - over time
Population
Live births
Deaths
Immigrants Data
Emigrants Data
Acquisitions of citizenship Data is compa
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Late foetal deaths Not available.
Infant deaths Not available.
Marriages Not available.
Divorces Not available.
Surface in km2 Not available.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain

The statistics are coherent with other statistical domains.

In the report on methodology and quality of the national statistical publication monitors systematically the coherences with other statistical publications.



Annexes:
Migration statistics: Report on Methodology and Quality
15.4. Coherence - internal

The statistics are consistent within a given data set.


16. Cost and Burden Top


17. Data revision Top
17.1. Data revision - policy

A calendar of the regular revisions is published on the webpage.

Corrections of mistakes are communicated and explained to the users.
17.2. Data revision - practice

A calendar of the regular revisions is published on the webpage.

Corrections of mistakes are communicated and explained to the users.


18. Statistical processing Top
18.1. Source data
  List of data sources
Population Central Population Register. No major changes since the first reference year.
Live births Central Population Register. No major changes since the first reference year.
Deaths Central Population Register. No major changes since the first reference year.
Immigrants Central Population Register. No major changes since the first reference year.
Emigrants Central Population Register. No major changes since the first reference year.
Acquisitions of citizenship Central civil status register, which is part of the central population register. The law regarding the conditions to get the Liechtenstein citizenship has been revised several times.
Loss of citizenship Not available.
Legally induced abortions Not available.
Late foetal deaths Not available.
Infant deaths Not available.
Marriages Not available.
Divorces Not available.
Surface in km2 Not available.
18.2. Frequency of data collection

Administrative data are used. Continuous data collection. As of 31 December, each municipality sends the list of persons living in the municipality to the Office of Statistics. Any deviations between the Central Population Register and the received data is corrected in collaboration with the municipality.
18.3. Data collection

Administrative data are used. Continuous data collection. As of 31 December, each municipality sends the list of the persons living in the municipality to the Office of Statistics. Any deviations between the Central Population Register and the received data is corrected in collaboration with the municipality.
18.4. Data validation

As at 31 December, each municipality sends the list of the persons living in the municipality to the Office of Statistics. Any deviations between the Central Population Register and the received data is corrected in collaboration with the municipality. Every month the data are loaded into a data warehouse and afterwards validated with 46 reports. The loading into the data warehouse is repeated until the validation shows no errors any more.
18.5. Data compilation

Imputation of data correction is not applied except for a very few cases regarding country of previous usual residence.

There is common identification number for the persons for the whole admiration and the municipalities.
18.6. Adjustment

Population of previous year plus natural change (live births minus deaths) plus net migration (immigrants minus emigrants) equals the population on 1 January of this year (the demographic balance for total population).

There is a demographic balancing equation necessary for

— new-born children emigrating before 31 December; and

— persons who immigrate during the reporting year and die before 31 December.

These two groups of persons were not part of the permanent resident population on the 31 December t and on the 31 December t-1.


19. Comment Top

No comments.


Related metadata Top


Annexes Top