Population change - Demographic balance and crude rates at national level (demo_gind)

National Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)

Compiling agency: Statistisches Bundesamt


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Metadata update
3. Statistical presentation
4. Unit of measure
5. Reference Period
6. Institutional Mandate
7. Confidentiality
8. Release policy
9. Frequency of dissemination
10. Accessibility and clarity
11. Quality management
12. Relevance
13. Accuracy
14. Timeliness and punctuality
15. Coherence and comparability
16. Cost and Burden
17. Data revision
18. Statistical processing
19. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



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1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Statistisches Bundesamt
1.2. Contact organisation unit

F2 Demography, Housing and Migration, Labour market
1.5. Contact mail address

65180 Wiesbaden

Germany


2. Metadata update Top
2.1. Metadata last certified 27/06/2024
2.2. Metadata last posted 27/06/2024
2.3. Metadata last update 27/06/2024


3. Statistical presentation Top
3.1. Data description

Population at the end of 2023 and components of population change (vital events and migration events, statistical adjustments)

Vital events are based on data provided by the registrar offices; Migration events are based on data provided by the population registers

Statistical adjustments are made to take into account events which are registered in the reference year but occured earlier than the previous year and corrections made in the registers.   
3.2. Classification system

Not applicable
3.3. Coverage - sector

Not applicable
3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
3.4.1 Please indicate the definition of:
Population The mother's residence The data deaths
1.Usual Residence Population 2.Legal Residence Population 3.Registered Residence Population 4.Other 1.Usual Residence Population 2.Legal Residence Population 3.Registered Residence Population 4.Other 1.Usual Residence Population 2.Legal Residence Population 3.Registered Residence Population 4.Other
 x    x    x    x    x    x  

 

3.4.2 Please describe the national definition of
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants

Persons at the place where they are or should be registered with single or main residence in Germany.

Figures are based on intercensal population updates based on the last census.

 

 All live births registered by the registrar's offices in Germany for the reference period with mother's place of residence in the country. Births of children whose mother has her residence abroad are not taken into account. Births of children abroad with the mother's place of residence in Germany are included when they are transmitted to the statistical office.

Definition of live birth: After separation from the mother the child breathes (naturally) or its heart beats or there is pulsation of the umbilical cord. (Duration of pregnancy is irrelevant.)

 All deaths of persons having a residence in Germany registered by the registrar's offices in Germany for the reference period. Deaths of persons having their residence abroad are not taken into account. Deaths of persons abroad but having a residence in Germany are included when they are transmitted to the statistical office.

Definition of death: After live birth sure signs of death must be certificated (as rigor mortis, livores, brain death).

 Statistical unit is the migration event. Every registration from a person coming from abroad and previously without a residence in Germany is counted regardless of intended duration of stay. Registration is compulsory for persons taking a residence in Germany for more at least 3 months. Statistical unit is the migration event. Every deregistration (including administrative deregistrations) from a person moving out of all residences in Germany and moving abroad is counted regardless of intended duration of stay abroad. Deregistration is compulsory when moving out of a residence regardless of intended duration of stay abroad. Administrative deregistrations of persons who moved to an unknown place are included.

 

3.4.3 Please provide details of the deviations of the  national definition used from the usual residence definition.
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants
National concept based on registration rules. Main differences concern time criterium and multiple residences. Persons moving to Germany and registrating are counted regardless of intended duration of stay. Registration is compulsory when taking a residence for more than 3 months. Persons deregistrating when moving abroad are counted regardless of intended duration of stay abroad. Deregistration is compulsory when moving out of a residence regardless of intended duration of stay abroad. Persons with a residence in Germany and further residences abroad are counted. Main difference concerns time criterion. Main difference concerns time criterion. Main differences concern time criterion and statistical unit. Main differences concern time criterion and statistical unit.
3.5. Statistical unit

Stock: Number of persons
Flows: Number of events
3.6. Statistical population
In case of survey as data source, please describe the target statistical population (one or more) which the data set refers to
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants
         
3.7. Reference area

Data are provided at the national level.
3.8. Coverage - Time

Not applicable
3.9. Base period

Not applicable


4. Unit of measure Top

Counts of statistical units


5. Reference Period Top

The reference date for population data is the end of the reference period (midnight of 31 December).
The reference period for vital events data is the calendar year in which the events occurred.
The reference period for migration flow data is in principal the calendar year in which the migration was registered.

Events registered in December but only transmitted in January of the following year to the statistical offices are however included in the reference year.

With this exception, events which were transmitted in the reference year but occured in the previous year are counted in the flow statistics.   


6. Institutional Mandate Top
6.1. Institutional Mandate - legal acts and other agreements

Bundesstatistikgesetz (Federal Statistics Law)
Bevölkerungsstatistikgesetz (Population Statistics Law)
6.2. Institutional Mandate - data sharing

Regulated in the Bundestatistikgesetz (Federal Statistics law).


7. Confidentiality Top
7.1. Confidentiality - policy

Not applicable
7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

Not applicable


8. Release policy Top
8.1. Release calendar

Not available 
8.2. Release calendar access

Not applicable
8.3. Release policy - user access

Overview of press releases of a week is published on the friday before


9. Frequency of dissemination Top

Annually

National data available on a monthly basis


10. Accessibility and clarity Top
10.1. Dissemination format - News release

No press release on final results for population stocks at the end of 2023. 
10.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Statistischer Bericht Bevölkerungsfortschreibung
10.3. Dissemination format - online database

not available
10.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

Not applicable
10.5. Dissemination format - other

Not applicable
10.6. Documentation on methodology
Please provide a link to national methodology reports and reference metadata files available on-line concerning the supplied data.
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants Net migration
https://www.destatis.de/DE/Methoden/Qualitaet/Qualitaetsberichte/Bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsfortschreibung-2023.pdf?__blob=publicationFile  https://www.destatis.de/DE/Methoden/Qualitaet/Qualitaetsberichte/Bevoelkerung/geburten.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3 https://www.destatis.de/DE/Methoden/Qualitaet/Qualitaetsberichte/Bevoelkerung/sterbefaelle.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3 https://www.destatis.de/DE/Methoden/Qualitaet/Qualitaetsberichte/Bevoelkerung/wanderungsstatistik-2022.pdf?__blob=publicationFile https://www.destatis.de/DE/Methoden/Qualitaet/Qualitaetsberichte/Bevoelkerung/wanderungsstatistik-2022.pdf?__blob=publicationFile https://www.destatis.de/DE/Methoden/Qualitaet/Qualitaetsberichte/Bevoelkerung/wanderungsstatistik-2022.pdf?__blob=publicationFile
10.7. Quality management - documentation

As described in quality report


11. Quality management Top
11.1. Quality assurance

The intercensal population updates use the results of the last census as a basis and the results of the national migration statistics and of the vital statistics for the update (component method). All the data included in the calculation of total population were previously subject to a variety of measures to ensure the reliability of the results. The administrative data collected from population registers and from vital registers for the migration statistics and for vital statistics are subject to continuous plausibility checks and are checked for double counting or missing data deliveries. If a data provider detects errors in its data and corrects them, the correction is sent and taken into account in the intercensal population update.
11.2. Quality management - assessment

The quality of intercensal population updates depends to a large extent on the quality (completeness, accuracy) of the statistical results included in the calculation. All elements of intercensal population updates are based on complete counts. The system of intercensal population updates ensures high coherence of the different sets of population statistics because all statistics included in the updates are produced using the same concepts, definitions and classifications. The components of population development (live births, deaths, migrations) are consistent and their reliability is generally high or very high. However, intercensal population updates require regular adjustments by way of a new population census. As time elapses since the last census, inaccuracies (overcoverage or undercoverage in individual groups of the population) accumulate in the intercensal population updates. The adjustment with the 2022 census is in process, but final or provisional data for 31.12.2023 are not yet available. The rebasement with the 2022 census is in process, but final data for 31.12.2022 and 31.12.2023 are not yet available. Therefore a provisional demographic balance was used to estimate total population on 31.12.2022 and 31.12.2023. 

 


12. Relevance Top
12.1. Relevance - User Needs

Population data are needed for a wide range of users for administrativ, planing, statistical, scientific and economic purposes and are of general interest for the society. 
12.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

Not applicable
12.3. Completeness

Data contents meet all the legal requirements.


13. Accuracy Top
13.1. Accuracy - overall
Please report on the reasons for any unreliability of the data on:
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants Net migration
 Population data are generally reliable. See immigrants and emigrants for main source of error - -

 Incorrect information on last place of residence

To ensure quality, data is collected after the population register checked whether the last residence was in Germany

 Emigrants not deregistrating

Administrativ deregistrations are taken into account

  See immigrants and emigrants
13.2. Sampling error
In case of survey as data source, please provide information on the part of the difference between a population value and an estimate thereof, derived from a random sample, which is due to the fact that only a subset of the population is enumerated.
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants
 not applicable  not applicable  not applicable  not applicable  not applicable
13.3. Non-sampling error
In case of survey as data source, please provide information on the error in survey estimates which cannot be attributed to sampling fluctuations.
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants
 not applicable  not applicable  not applicable  not applicable  not applicable


14. Timeliness and punctuality Top
14.1. Timeliness

The final data were published 6 months after the end of the reference period:

Final results on population stocks on 31 December 2023: 28.06.2024

Final results on immigrants and emigrants 2023: 27.06.2024

Final results on vital events 2023: 03.07.2024

Provisional results on vital events and migration were available in April 2024
14.2. Punctuality

Data were published punctually.


15. Coherence and comparability Top
15.1. Comparability - geographical

Data are processed using the same method and the same procedure, so that the geographical comparability within Germany is considered to be very good.
15.2. Comparability - over time
Please provide information on the length of comparable time series (indicate the first reference year for which data are availble), reference periods at which series occur, the reasons for the breaks and treatments of them.
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants
Time series for final data goes back to 1950. Data with different Census bases not fully comparable. In particular, there are breaks in time series following census 2011 and census 2022. Time series for final data since 1946. Time series for final data since 1946. Time series since 1950, break in 1991 due to german reunification. Due to methodical and technical changes in 2016, data on migrations are from 2016 on not fully comparable with the previous years. Time series since 1950, break in 1991 due to german reunification. Due to methodical and technical changes in 2016, data on migrations from 2016 on not fully comparable with the previous years.
15.3. Coherence - cross domain

Not available
15.4. Coherence - internal

Demographic balance is coherent as all statistics are based on the same population concept.


16. Cost and Burden Top

Not available


17. Data revision Top
17.1. Data revision - policy

Provisional data on vital events and migration are revised with the final annual results. The estimation on population stocks on 31 December 2022 and 2023 based on census 2022 will be revised with the final data based on census 2022. 
17.2. Data revision - practice

Provisional data on vital events and migration are revised with the final annual results. The estimation on population stocks on 31 December 2022 and 2023 based on census 2022 will be revised with the final data based on census 2022. 


18. Statistical processing Top
18.1. Source data
Please report on the data sources used for the first reference year and inform of any changes thereto,  to produce:
Population Live births Deaths Immigrants Emigrants
Calculation using the results of the last census and the statistics on vital events and on migrations (intercensal population updates). Births registered at registrar's offices. Deaths registred at registrar's offices. Registrations at local population register offices. Deregistrations (including administrative deregistrations) at local population register offices.
18.2. Frequency of data collection

Data are collected online on a day to day basis.
18.3. Data collection

The registrar's offices and population register offices automatically send data on registered events to the statistical offices of the Länder. After validation of the data, the statistical offices of the Länder monthly transmit summary data on flows to the Federal statistical office for computation of the national results. Intercensal population updates are calculated in a decentralised way by the statistical offices of the Länder for their territory in the common data processing system of the Federation and the Länder and are made available to the Federal Statistical Office.
18.4. Data validation

There is a validation of single data on vital events and migration by checking for double counting and plausibility of data and partly for completeness through the statistical offices of the Länder. Results of each flow statistic as well as the results of intercensal population updates are checked for global plausibility and consistency by expert assessment at the statistical offices of the Länder and at the Federal statistical office. Data delivered more than once as well as irrelevant data such as events which occurred prior to the last census are deleted. Missing or not plausible variables are either imputed or are filled/corrected after clarification with the data provider. Variables are coded using national statistical classifications (e.g. classification of territorial units, classification of countries). 
Corrections to previous data received from the data providers are processed and, if relevant, are taken into account in the calculation of population figures. Corrections are taken into account in the statistics on vital events and on migrations if the corrected event occured in the same year.
18.5. Data compilation

In the case of administrativ deregistrations where the new place of residence is not known, it is assumed that the person left Germany and is to be counted in the emigration data. 
18.6. Adjustment

Not applicable


19. Comment Top

-


Related metadata Top


Annexes Top