Milk and milk products (apro_mk)

National Reference Metadata in ESS Standard for Milk statistics Quality Report Structure (esqrsmk)

Compiling agency: Statistics Denmark (Responsible for TABLES A, B, C, D to G, H and I)


Eurostat metadata
Reference metadata
1. Contact
2. Statistical presentation
3. Statistical processing
4. Quality management
5. Relevance
6. Accuracy and reliability
7. Timeliness and punctuality
8. Coherence and comparability
9. Accessibility and clarity
10. Cost and Burden
11. Confidentiality
12. Comment
Related Metadata
Annexes (including footnotes)
 



For any question on data and metadata, please contact: Eurostat user support

Download


1. Contact Top
1.1. Contact organisation

Statistics Denmark (Responsible for TABLES A, B, C, D to G, H and I)
1.2. Contact organisation unit

Statistics Denmark, Food Industries (Responsible for TABLES A, B, C, D to G, H and I): Not available
1.5. Contact mail address

Statistics Denmark (Responsible for TABLES A, B, C, D to G, H and I):  Sejrøgade 11, 2100 København Ø 

 


2. Statistical presentation Top

Changes in the methodological information since last year’s questionnaire: No
2.1. Data description

Milk and milk product statistics are collected under Decision 97/80/EC implementing Directive 96/16/EC. They cover milk collected (cow's milk) and products obtained by dairies (monthly, table A), annual production and utilization of milk (all milk) in dairies (annual, tables B and H), statistics on the structure of dairies (every third year, tables D, E, F, G1, G2, G3, G4, G5) and annual production and utilization of milk (all milk) on farms (tables C and I). An annual methodological report is also collected.

European Economic Area countries (EEA, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) are requested to provide milk statistics, with the exception of those related to home consumption, as stated in Annex XXI of the EEA Agreement.

The Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on cooperation in the field of statistics states that Switzerland must provide Eurostat with national milk statistics. It has been amended in 2013 for covering also some livestock and meat statistics.

The same statistics are requested from the candidate countries as acquis communautaire.
2.2. Classification system

The list of items and their definition are from the Decision 97/80/EC : Annex I list of milk products and explanatory notes, Annex II list of tables and explanatory notes.

Regional data: The territorial classification of regional data is broken down according to the NUTS classification for Member States.
2.3. Coverage - sector

Statistics on farm production and utilization of milk on farms cover agricultural holdings in Member States.

Milk statistics in Dairies cover EU plants whose activity is milk collection and milk product production. The sample surveys must cover exhaustively dairies representing 95 % of the cows’ milk collected by Member States, the balance being represented by sampling or other sources.
2.4. Statistical concepts and definitions

Milk statistics (annual) in Dairies are led by the concept of ‘national dairy’, i.e. the dairy sector is considered as a single process, which internal flows are not (intended to be) taken into account.

Use of raw milk is followed through production of its two main components, fat and protein content. Milk processed is thus accounted for as an aggregate of UWM (utilized whole milk, with the full content of fat and proteins) and USM (utilized skimmed milk, with the full content of proteins, without fat). As a process can produce skimmed milk further to the main (fat) product and, in such a case, USM can be negative. This is especially the case for cream and butter production.

 

Regional data

Region means a sub-division of a Member State territory. 'Region' refers to NUTS 2 for milk production (farms), the NUTS reference being the version applicable on the date of data transmission.


TABLES B and H (Dairy annual data)

Further information (Referring to the part 3 of the milk questionnaire)

Part A) AVAILABLE RESOURCES  
A.1 Imports of milk, cream and other milk products  
Are there purchases of raw milk by dairies from approved purchasers located in another country?  No
If Yes, are these purchases entered on the accounts with imports? (Table B, column B) 
If you use data from external trade statistics, explain how you separate imports for the dairy industry from other imports. 
How do you deal with deliveries of intermediate products from a plant in one country to another plant in a different country but belonging to the same enterprise?  They are included in the external trade data
If Other, specify: 

 

Part B) USE (manufactured products)  
B.1 Main products (column 1 in the table B)  
Are there any links between the milk statistics surveys and the Prodcom surveys? (Council Regulation EEC N° 3924/94 of 19 December 1991 on the establishment of a Community survey of industrial production OJ L374, 31.12.1991, p.1.) No
If yes, are both surveys managed by the same body? 
B.2 Double counting  
B.2.1 In dairies  
To avoid double counting, on which variables does the survey focus?  On products received, before processing (RECEIPT of products)
Comments 
B.2.2 Cheese – processed cheese  
Do you conduct a specific survey covering the raw materials used to make processed cheese? (cheese, butter, cream, other milk products)  Yes
Are these raw materials deducted from or included in the data in column 1 of Table B? 
B.4 Calculation of fat inputs  
How are the fat inputs in Table B calculated?  as INPUT (i.e. on the basis of the raw materials used in manufacturing)
as OUTPUT (i.e. on the basis of the finished product)
Certain States may use both methods (self-monitoring): specify 
B.5 Proteins (Table H)  
What is your method of measuring or estimating proteins?  as INPUT (i.e. on the basis of the raw materials used in manufacturing)
Any explanations 


TABLE C (Farms annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

B) Agricultural holdings (farms)  
B.6 Cows' milk  
Excluding milk directly suckled by calves, is all the milk from milking (including colostrum) that is used as animal feed (in buckets or by other means) included in the sum of available milk?  No
2.5. Statistical unit

Dairy enterprises -- undertakings of two types:

• Collection centres collect milk or cream and transfer it in whole or in part to other enterprises without any processing. They are often defined as referred to in Article 2(2) of Council Directive 96/16/EC.

• Dairies and agricultural holdings purchase milk or milk products from agricultural holdings or collection centres with a view to transforming them into milk products. They are often defined as referred to in Article 2(1) of Council Directive 96/16/EC.

Some enterprises process milk products obtained from a dairy as defined above, e.g. skimmed milk into milk powder or yogurt, and may appear to be excluded from the definition of dairy enterprises. Nevertheless, non-packed intermediate products are considered as raw products and such dairies are therefore covered as statistical units for the purpose of some statistics, whatever the enterprise supplying them.

 

Agricultural holdings are the statistical units for milk production and its use on farm within the meaning of Article 2(a) of Regulation (EC) N°1166/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council.
2.6. Statistical population

The statistical population is the framework of the statistical units in the reference Member State or country for the reference period. All agricultural holdings producing milk and all dairies in the Member State.

Nevertheless, data collection may be organized in a different way by a respondent other than the statistical unit. For instance, milk delivered by farms to dairies (table C) is accounted for by both units, and can be obtained more easily from dairies, of which there are fewer.
2.7. Reference area

The entire territory of the country. The reference area is the territory of the Member States as defined by Decision 91/450/EEC1 For non-EU countries, territory follows the definition agreed bi-laterally with Eurostat.


1 Commission Decision of 26 July 1991 defining the territory of Member States for the purposes of implementing Article 1 of Council Directive 89/130/EEC, Euratom on the harmonization of the compilation of gross national product at market prices. OJ L 240, 29.8.1991, pp. 36-40.
2.8. Coverage - Time

Data are presented in chronological series for each country and for the EU. The period covered varies according to the country, depending on the date of accession to the EU. They are available at least for the EU Member States, depending on the date they became members of the EEC or EU, from legislation to repeal of the legal text and insofar as Member States comply with legislation.

Milk statistics are available, at least partly, since reference years 1960 for the countries that were Member States at this time.

Further time periods may be available if collected on a volunteer basis, especially, data collected under a gentlemen’s agreement, data collected for accessing and acceding countries, and data collected under other specific agreements.
2.9. Base period

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)


3. Statistical processing Top
3.1. Source data

TABLE A (Dairy monthly data), TABLES B and H (Dairy annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

A) From Dairies  
A.1 General characteristics  
Number of dairy companies present on the 1 January (reference year) (excluding centres or companies which only collect) 

24
Number of collection centres or companies (as defined in Article 2 (2) of Directive 96/16/EC) 

There are 24 companies and these have together 49 factories.
A.2 Origin of the listing (of survey units) used for monthly and annual surveys (Tables A and B)  
What is the origin of the listing used?  Other
If Other, specify sources 

Danish Dairy Board
A.3 How often is the listing updated? (Tables A and B)  
Do you update the listing used  Continuous
A.4 Monthly questionnaires (Dairies: Table A)  
Number of survey units concerned 

24
Proportion of statistical population surveyed by this sample (%) 

100
Do you use supplementary sources of information?  No
If Yes, which? 
A.5 Annual questionnaires (Dairies: Tables B and H) 
Number of survey units concerned 

The annual survey is exhaustive.
Do you use supplementary sources of information?  No
If Yes, which? 


TABLES B and H (Dairy annual data)

Further information (Referring to the part 3 of the milk questionnaire)

Part A) AVAILABLE RESOURCES  
A.1 Imports of milk, cream and other milk products  
Do you use the data obtained directly from dairies to record cross-border trade?  Yes
If Yes  From the monthly questionnaire
If Other sources, specify 
Do you use the data from external trade statistics?  No

 

Part B) USE (manufactured products)  
B.4 Calculation of fat inputs  
Do you use data from dairies as a source of information?  Yes
If not, what source of information is used? 


TABLES C and I (Farms annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

B) Agricultural holdings (Farms)  
Number of agricultural holdings (farms) concerned on the 1 January (reference year) 

2431
B.1 Existence of a regular survey of the production and use of milk on the farm (Table C)  
Is there a regular survey of the production and use of milk on the farm?  No
B.4 In case of a regular survey of the production and use of milk on the farm, use of supplementary sources of information (Table C)  
Do you use supplementary sources of information?  No
If Yes, which? 
B.6 Regional data - Evaluation of regional production (Table I)  
Do data exist at source?  No
Are data calculated a postériori?  No
If the data are calculated, which is the method used?  Survey of the structure of agricultural holdings (Commission Regulation (EC) No 143/2002)
If Other, specify 
3.2. Frequency of data collection

Monthly and annually
3.3. Data collection

General (Referring to the part 1 of the milk questionnaire)

Does any other body play a part in compiling milk statistics?  Yes
If yes, give the name and details of the body. 

Danish Dairy Board collected, check and delivered data to Statistic Denmark.

Previously, Danish Dairy Board was a member of the Working Group of Milk. 


TABLE A (Dairy monthly data), TABLES B and H (Dairy annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

A) From Dairies  
A.4 Monthly questionnaires (Dairies: Table A)  
Survey method  By post
By e-mail
Other
If Other, specify means 

The dairy reports electronically directly to the database.
A.5 Annual questionnaires (Dairies: Tables B and H)  
Survey method  By post
By e-mail
Other
If Other, specify mean

The dairy reports electronically directly to the database.


TABLE C (Farms annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

B) Agricultural holdings (Farms)  
B.2 If there is a regular survey of the production and use of milk on the farm, detail procedures.  
Survey method  Other
If Other, specify means 
Description of survey methodology 

The production is calculated at the same time as the milk is collected
3.4. Data validation

Material is subjected to a check for errors, by collecting data with earlier periods.
3.5. Data compilation

TABLES B and H (Dairy annual data)

Further information (Referring to the part 3 of the milk questionnaire)

Part B) USE (manufactured products) 

B.3 Calculation of whole/skimmed milk inputs 

How are the milk inputs in Table B calculated for the following products?
11-12 liquid milk and buttermilk Direct survey
13 creams Direct survey
14-15-16 other fresh products (acidified milks, milk-based drinks, jellied milks, etc.) Direct survey
21 concentrated milk Direct survey
22 powder products Direct survey
23 Total butter and other yellow fat products Direct survey
24 cheeses Direct survey
2411 cows’ milk cheeses Direct survey
25 processed cheeses Direct survey
27 whey Direct survey


TABLE C (Farms annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

B) Agricultural holdings (Farms) 
B.5 If there is not a regular survey of the production and use of milk on the farm 
Explain and detail the method used to calculate or estimate the annual production and use of milk on the farm:

The use of milk at the farms is estimated according to the number of farm families and use investigated in the food survey.
3.6. Adjustment

No correction of data is made except what has already been described during data validation and data processing. There is no seasonal adjustment.


4. Quality management Top
4.1. Quality assurance

Statistics Denmark follows the principles in the Code of Practice for European Statistics (CoP) and uses the Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (QAF) for the implementation of the principles. This involves continuous decentralized and central control of products and processes based on documentation following international standards. The central quality assurance function reports to the Working Group on Quality. Reports include suggestions for improvement that are assessed, decided and subsequently implemented.
4.2. Quality management - assessment

The calculation of the amount of milk weighed on dairies is of high quality as it is compulsory for dairies to register this and report it to the central livestock register, as owner of the Ministry of Environment and Food. The information is also the basis for the settlement to the milk supplier (farmer).


5. Relevance Top
5.1. Relevance - User Needs

The statistics is of great interest to agricultural organizations, the Ministry of Environment and Food and the EU. The figures is used intern in Statistics Denmark to estimate quantity and price index, and the Account for Agriculture, which is included in the National Accounts. Data on milk and dairy product are delivered every month to Euro stat. 
5.2. Relevance - User Satisfaction

The milk and dairy data is discussed at meetings in user board on agricultural statistics. The main impression is that most users are satisfied with the statistics.
Data are delivered to Euro Stat, where data also being checked. 
5.3. Completeness

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)
5.3.1. Data completeness - rate

This statistics affected by demands from EU in directive 96/16/EF and Kommissionsbeslutning 97/80/EF.


6. Accuracy and reliability Top
6.1. Accuracy - overall

Data on the amount of milk deviled to the dairy has a high quality since it is mandatory for dairies to register this, but it also provides the basis for the settlement to the milk supplier (farmer).  Production on dairies is statutory to register. 
6.2. Sampling error

Not relevant for this statistics.
6.2.1. Sampling error - indicators

Not relevant for this statistics.
6.3. Non-sampling error

There is an uncertainty in the estimate of milk consumption in the producers. The last 3 months of data will always be preliminary, as there are some dairies who have a long time to report final figures on dairy production. 
6.3.1. Coverage error

The amount of milk not delivered to a dairy is estimated. Which gives small uncertainty about the total milk production in Denmark. 
6.3.1.1. Over-coverage - rate

Not relevant for this statistics. 
6.3.1.2. Common units - proportion

Not relevant for this statistics.
6.3.2. Measurement error

It can not be checked whether the yield of milk and dairy products at the end of the month falls in the correct month, but the starting point is that this happens.  
6.3.3. Non response error

TABLE A (Dairy monthly data), TABLES B and H (Dairy annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

A) From Dairies 
A.4 Monthly questionnaires (Dairies: Table A) 
Usual response rate (%)

100
Which method do you use to estimate data for non-respondents?

Not relevant
A.5 Annual questionnaires (Dairies: Tables B and  H) 
Usual response rate (%)

100
Which method do you use to estimate data for non-respondents?

Not relevant


TABLE C (Farms annual data)

Collecting the basic information (Referring to the part 2 of the milk questionnaire)

B) Agricultural holdings (Farms) 
B.2 If there is a regular survey of the production and use of milk on the farm, detail procedures.  
Usual response rate (%)

100
B.3 In case of a regular survey of the production and use of milk on the farm, method used to estimate the quantities produced and used by non-respondents 
What method do you use to estimate the quantities of milk produced and used on the farm by non-respondents?

The production is calculated at the same time as the milk is collected


Unit non-response - rate

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)


Item non-response - rate

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)
6.3.4. Processing error

No comment.
6.3.4.1. Imputation - rate

No comment.
6.3.5. Model assumption error

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)
6.4. Seasonal adjustment

Not relevant
6.5. Data revision - policy

Statistics Denmark revises published figures in accordance with the [Revision Policy for Statistics Denmark](https://www.dst.dk/en/OmDS/strategi-og-kvalitet/revisionspolitik.aspx). The common procedures and principles of the Revision Policy are for some statistics supplemented by a specific revision practice.
6.6. Data revision - practice

There is a minor difference between provisional and final figures of under ½ pct.
6.6.1. Data revision - average size

No comment. 


7. Timeliness and punctuality Top
7.1. Timeliness

Provisional monthly figures are published 1½ month after the end of the month. Final monthly figures are available when the year is published ½ year after the end of the year.
7.1.1. Time lag - first result

Provisional monthly figures are published 1½ month after the end of the month. 
7.1.2. Time lag - final result

Final monthly figures are available when the year is published ½ year after the end of the year. 
7.2. Punctuality

The statistics are usually published without delay in relation to the scheduled date.
7.2.1. Punctuality - delivery and publication

The statistics are usually published without delay in relation to the scheduled date. 


8. Coherence and comparability Top
8.1. Comparability - geographical

Every month and year figures are submitted to the statistical office of EU, Euro stat. Data for all EU countries can be found in Eurostat database. The statistics are produced following the principles of an EU regulation, so the results are comparable. 
8.1.1. Asymmetry for mirror flow statistics - coefficient

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)
8.2. Comparability - over time

The statistics on dairy product have a long history and the key figures covering the past 100 years are comparable. During the late 1920s, the statistics were improved and since the Second World War, statistics achieving complete coverage have been compiled. Long time series data can be compiled.

From 1 January 2020, the consumption of milk for human consumption at the farm is 3.024 million. kg and consumption for feed for the young cattle is 75 million. kg. milk.

From 1 January 2015, the consumption of milk for human consumption at the farm is 3.87 million. kg and consumption for feed for the young cattle is 75 million. kg. milk.

From 1 January 2012, the consumption of milk for human consumption at the farm was 4.32 million. kg and consumption for feed for the young cattle was 75 million. kg. milk.
From 1 January 2009, the consumption of milk for human consumption at the farm was 5 million. kg and consumption for feed for the young cattle was 75 million. kg. milk.
Before 1 January 2009, the consumption of milk for human consumption at the farm was 10 million. kg and consumption for feed for the young cattle was 125 million. kg. milk.

As compensation for the declining milk price (incorporated in the EU agricultural reform), a total milk prize of DKK 389,1 million was paid out in 2004. In 2005, the milk prize premium ceased to exist and was replaced by an extra charge, which is included in the farmers subsidies according to the new single-farm payment scheme.

 
8.2.1. Length of comparable time series

The statistics on dairy product have a long history and the key figures covering the past 100 years are comparable. During the late 1920s, the statistics were improved and since the Second World War, statistics achieving complete coverage have been compiled. Long time series data can be compiled.
8.3. Coherence - cross domain

The statistics cover the period from 1990 onwards. However, statistics can be found from the beginning of the 20th century, where it has been possible to compare time series.  Older data can be found on [Landbrug 1999-2011]([https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/Publikationer/VisPub?cid=16604), [Landbrugssgtatistik 1998-1959](https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/Publikationer/VisPub?cid=19733) and [Landbrugsstatistik 1900-1965](https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/Publikationer/VisPub?cid=19920).  
8.4. Coherence - sub annual and annual statistics

The months data are the basis for the yearly data. 
8.5. Coherence - National Accounts

The total production of milk in value and money are a part of the National Accounts and [Gross domestic product at factor cost for agriculture](http://www.Statbank.dk/LBFI1) .
8.6. Coherence - internal

No comment.


9. Accessibility and clarity Top
9.1. Dissemination format - News release

The statistics are not published separately but are included in [New from Statistics Denmark] (https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/planlagte) : * Animal production * and * Agricultural price ratio *.Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)
9.2. Dissemination format - Publications

Annual figures are included in Statistical Yearbook and Statistical Ten-Year review. In the publication Jordbrugets prisforhold see subject pages [Prices and price index for agriculture] (https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/erhvervsliv/landbrug-gartneri-og-skovbrug/oekonomi-for-landbrug-og-gartneri). 
9.3. Dissemination format - online database

The statistics are published in the StatBank under the subjects (http://www.Statbank.dk/10473); (http://www.Statbank.dk/10627) in the following tables:

- [ANI7](http://www.statbank.dk/ANI7): Production and use of milk by unit and time
- [ANI71](http://www.statbank.dk/ANI71): Production and use of milk by unit and time

 
9.3.1. Data tables - consultations

There is no micro-data access. 
9.4. Dissemination format - microdata access

There is no micro-data access. 
9.5. Dissemination format - other

Some of the data are transmitted to Eurostat.

The statistics are published in the StatBank Denmark:

Production and use of milk by unit and time (yearly) http://www.statbank.dk/ANI7

Production and use of milk by unit and time (quater) http://www.statbank.dk/ANI71
9.6. Documentation on methodology

The Member States shall send the Commission the methodological questionnaire set out in Annex II, duly completed, at the same time as table B.
9.7. Quality management - documentation

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)
9.7.1. Metadata completeness - rate

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)
9.7.2. Metadata - consultations

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)


10. Cost and Burden Top

Information not collected in line with the Decision 97/80/EC (ANNEX III)


11. Confidentiality Top
11.1. Confidentiality - policy

Data Conficentiality Policy for Statistics Denmark is applied. 
11.2. Confidentiality - data treatment

General (Referring to the part 1 of the milk questionnaire)

Question on the confidentiality of the data transmitted

Do you have problems with data confidentiality? No
If yes, can you describe them? 


12. Comment Top

No comment.


Related metadata Top


Annexes Top