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The indicator measures total net emissions at EU level (from both ESD and ETS sectors) of the so called ‘Kyoto basket’ of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and the so-called F-gases (hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, nitrogen triflouride (NF3) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)) from all sectors of the GHG emission inventories. To ensure that the scope of the data is aligned with the scope of EU climate policies and the target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990, emissions from international aviation and maritime transport are included and calibrated for this purpose. The indicator also includes net emissions (i.e. the difference between emissions and removals) from land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF). Using each gas’ individual global warming potential (GWP), they are being integrated into a single indicator expressed in units of CO2 equivalents. The GHG emission inventories are submitted annually by the EU Member States to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

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