Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia (CSB).

Business Statistical Department, Trade and Services statistical section

Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia

Lacplesa Street 1

Riga, LV-1301

Latvia

Monthly Indicator : Net Turnover (index) calculated using data from monthly survey of Servises (“2–apgrozījums”) that includes the following indicators:

• (100 =110+120+130+140+150+160+170+180+190+290) Total Net turnover (kopējais neto apgrozījums);
•     of wich
• (110) turnover related to NACE 49;50;51;52;
• (120) turnover related to NACE 58;59;60;
• (130) turnover related to NACE 61;62;63;
• (140) turnover related to NACE 68;
• (150) turnover related to NACE 69;702;71;73;74;
• (160) turnover related to NACE 77;78;79;80;81;82;
• (170) turnover related to NACE 53;
• (180) turnover related to NACE 55;
• (190) turnover related to NACE 56;
• (290) turnover related toother activities

The purpose of the survey is to provide data for the calculation of STS indicators and for the National Accounts for calculation of GDP.

Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE Rev.2).

The monthly survey of Services covers units with  the main activity according NACE 2.Rev is H-J; L; M\(701;72 and 75);N 

Observation units under the cut-off threshold are not included in the sampling frame.

Thresholds can be find in Annex "Cut-off thresholds Services year 2023"

Size groups by turnover are defined different in each activity group.

Main concept is Net turnover.

The objective of the turnover index is to show the development of the market for goods and services.

Net turnover comprises the totals invoiced by the observation unit during the reference period, and this corresponds to market sales of goods or services supplied to third parties.

Turnover also includes all other charges (transport, packaging, etc.) passed on to the customer, even if these charges are listed separately in the invoice.

Turnover excludes VAT and other similar deductible taxes directly linked to turnover as well as all duties and taxes on the goods or services invoiced by the unit.

In 2023 data were published according to statistical unit "enterprise".

Starting with the data for January 2024, the statistical unit KAU has been introduced, ensuring the backcastung of time series until January 2021.

The target population covers economically active units during the year 2022 (previous year) whose  main activity according NACE 2.Rev is H-J; L; M\(701;72 and 75);N 

The sampling frame is made from Statistical Business Register and consists of economically active units during the year 2022 (previous year). The sampling frame is regulary (monthly) updated by adding new units.

See attached annex - "Sampling frame Services year 2023"

In 2023 this survey  realized a sample of 3541 units.

Latvia.

Time series for this indicator according to NACE Rev. 2 are available from 2015.

Year 2021=100.

Indices (%).

Month

Statistics Law adopted by Saeima on 4 June 2015, is a legal base for all statistics. 

The questionnaire is adopted by the Rules of Cabinet of Minister of the Republic of Latvia No 812 of 20 December 2016.

Rules of Cabinet of Minister of the Republic of Latvia No 741 of 29 November 2022 concerning to Official StatisticsProgramme program for the years 2023 - 2025

REGULATION (EU) 2019/2152 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics

COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics.

No data transmitted to other international organizations, except EUROSTAT.

Confidentiality of the information provided by respondents is protected by the Statistics Law stipulating rights and obligations of the Central Statistical Bureau and other state authorities producing official statistics.

From January 2016  the new Statistics Law entered into force. which is adopted by Saeima on 4 June 2015. 

Quality guidelines described in annex „Quality Guidelines of the CSB”. (latvian)

Data are published only at a level of activity at which it is not confidential. Confidential data is not given to users.

Data are confidential if (primary criteria for determining confidentiality):

• A summary score derived from one two or three statistical units (enterprises);
• Share of the one statistical unit (enterprise) is 80% or more;
• Share of the summary from two statistical units (enterprise) is 90% or more.

Release calendar is publicly accessible on the Official Statistics Portal. The data are published within two months after the end of the reference period. The data are released simultaneously to all interested parties by issuing a press release at 13.00 o’clock of the local time.

Release calendar is available on the Official Statistics Portal.

The data are released simultaneously to all interested parties .

Release calendar for users is available for period T+12Months

The users are informed in Official Statistics Portal about latest information published in the database.

Data are transmitted to Eurostat on the same day that the data are published in Official Statistics Portal.

Month

Not available.

Not available.

Turnover indices in Servises available on the Official statistics portal database under section Trade and Services.

Time series of Servises from January 2015.

Turnover indices available in the form of non-adjusted, seasonally adjusted and calendar adjusted data.

The indices are calculated every month  against the previous month, against the corresponding pmonth of the previous year and against the average monthly turnover of 2021.  

Date table TIP010m

Not available.

Data on turnover indices in Services available on the homepage of Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat) in section: Industry, Trade and Services/ Short-term business statistics/ Trade and Services.

A methodological description of the survey and data is available on the Official statistics portal under section Trade and Services together with each  data table.

Management Systems of the Central Statistical Bureau (CSB) are certified according to requirements of ISO 9001:2015 standard "Quality management systems – Requirements" and information security management system standard ISO 27001:2013.  

The Quality Policy of CSB consists of the CSB's vision, mission, core values and commitment to meet the requirements, follow good practice and ensure continuous improvement. The quality policy is designed and implemented in accordance with the CSB strategy (3-year period) and the action plan.

The National Statistical System of Latvia (hereinafter – NSS of Latvia) is established by statistical institutions and the Statistical Council. The managing institution of the NSS of Latvia is the Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia (hereinafter – the CSB), which implements functional subordination over other statistical institutions in the field of production of official statistics, providing methodological guidelines, by supervising the conformity of production of official statistics with the laws and regulations, and also by issuing orders that are required to produce official statistics.

To ensure that NSS of Latvia has common principles and requirements, CSB has developed the Quality Policy of the National Statistical System of Latvia and imposed total quality requirements for statistical institutions which are based on European Statistics Code of Practice.

For implementation of Quality Policy of the NSS of Latvia, the CSB has developed a Memorandum of Understanding, by which the statistical institutions confirm their commitment to implementing and promoting quality standards in their statistical institutions.

Guidelines for Implementation of European Statistics Code of Practice were developed to facilitate common perception and understanding of the requirements imposed by the Code of Practice. Based on the situation in Latvia, the Guidelines explain principles of the Code, as well as indicators and statistical terms used, moreover, requirements are supplemented with binding national legislation, explanatory information, and examples of good practice.

The Quality Policy of CSB consists of the CSB's vision, mission, core values and commitment to meet the requirements, follow good practice and ensure continuous improvement. The quality policy is designed and implemented in accordance with the CSB strategy (3-year period) and the action plan.

Statistical dissemination policy defines general principles of statistical data dissemination, availability of CSB`s products and services for data users, communication with data users, cooperation with the media, availability of individual data for scientific and educational purposes.

Turnover indices on Servicess are produced in compliance with methodological requirements and standards.

Indicators of compliance, accuracy and reliability, timeliness and punctuality, comparability and coherence are recorded on a monthly basis.

The main users are: Eurostat, the Ministry of Economics, Ministry of Finance, Bank of Latvia, European Central Bank, Business Associations, Quarterly National Accounts Section of Macroeconomic Statistics Department (internal user), students, media and enterprises.

In 2023 the user satisfaction survey about short term statistics on Services was not conducted.

All short term statistics on Services is available in accordance with requirements of the regulations in 2023:

REGULATION (EU) 2019/2152 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 November 2019 on European business statistics, repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics

COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2020/1197 of 30 July 2020 laying down technical specifications and arrangements pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European business statistics repealing 10 legal acts in the field of business statistics

The sampling error in the data and the non-sampling error is small. The first estimates are not biased. The results are normally final after two months from the first release.

 Simple random sampling without replacement  (SRSWOR) method was used.

Smallest units (about 32% of population) with total yearly turnover contribution under cut-off thresholds are not included in sample frame.

Coefficients of variation are monthly monitored for each NACE group used for stratification.

Average monthly CV for summary estimation of turnover for H-J + L + M\(701;72;75) + N is 0.88%

Over-coverage rate is on average 3.0%.

The  average unit response rate  is 90.0%.

The  average design -weighted  unit response rate is 79.0%.

Data can be submitted electronically (used by 82.8% of the respondents), and by phone or e-mail.

At the time when data are provided to Eurostat and published nationally the response rate is the same.

For increasing the response rate there is an e-mail reminder of non-respondents as well as a telephone follow up.

Missing data imputation is used to compensate the non-response of the large enterprices. VAT data or the data of the previous period  corrected with the average growth rate in the activity concerned are apllied for imputation. Average imputation rate in 2023 was 2,1%.

According to the publication calendar, data are published on the Latvian Official Statistics Portal on the 60th day  after the reference period or on the previous working day, if this day falls on a holiday.

On the same day, the data are also sent to Eurostat. In 2023, data are always published according to plan.

The information letters about questionnaires for the next year are sent to respondents at the end of the year.

The deadline for replies to questionnaires is the 20th day after the end of each reference month.

The data collection is closed on the 30th day after the reference month.

Integration of administrative data is provides until T+45 days.

The data was published according to CSB working plan and sent to Eurostat in accordance with deadlines.

Data published according to schedule 100%.

The statistics are produced following the principles of the Regulation (EU) 2019/2152, so the results are comparable between EU countries.

The same statistical concepts are applied in the entire Latvian territory.

Data are comparable since year 2015.

Until the end of 2023, the length of the series is 108 months.

When yearly statistics are available the cross-checking with the yearly data is done. The monthly turnover data is checked with the administrative data from the State Revenue Service.

Data are also compared with results of business trend surveys.

The aggregates are consistent with their main sub-aggregates each month.

The monthly survey of Services   

CSB total cost/burden was 5837 hours per year. (on average 486 h per month). 

Burden of respondents was 4012 hours per year ( on average 334 h per month)

Taking into account that the report is provided by only a part of the sampled respondents, but part of the data is integrated from the administrative data, the burden per respondent is 2.4 hours per year, but on average 12 minutes per month.

The monthly survey of services is the main basis for providing two indicators: service turnover index and service production index. These costs include the preparation of both of these indicators.

However, if turnover data are collected from respondents to ensure the calculation of the services turnover index, then no additional data from enterprises are required for the calculation of the services production index.

CSB Revision policy has been laid down in accordance with European Union and international recommendations and good practice.

The same Revision policy is applied nacionally and in transmissions to Eurostat.

Within the context of survey of Services statistics routine revisions of statistical data concern:

- Further revision of the published data, adding revised or more detailed information;

• Example: when publishing the data on turnover indices in March the indices on February are revised, because respondents, reports received from which were imputed in February, have submitted reports on or have made corrections in reports on previous period (February).

- Revision of the published data, using the seasonal adjustment method;

• Example: as the data on new period are added, the seasonally or working day adjusted retail trade turnover index may change every month, because mathematical programme recalculates all previous periods of the time series.

- Revision of the published data in accordance with the changes in methodology or classifications.

• Example: retail trade turnover index data series were changed in January 2009, due to the introduction of the NACE Rev. 2. 

Methodological changes are announced at the time of the changes. Major changes, like the implementation of NACE Rev.2, are announced before being introduced.

Revision Policy Guidlines are available on the CSB website. 

The revision policy is applied nationally and for data transmittion to Eurostat.

Data could be revised:

• After specification of operational data;
• After specification of aspects of enterprises business activity field;
• After seasonal adjustment;
• After methodological changes.

Regularity of data revision:

• Non-adjusted data every month for the previous 2 months (if the data change is greater than 1% for NACE class);
• Seasonally and calendar adjusted data each month for all previously published periods (till year 2015).

The same revision policy is applied nationally and for data transmitted to Eurostat.

Calculataed values of MAR, RMAR in attached file.

Data of other services turnover index are collected from monthly Statistical survey on turnover (questionnaire "2-apgrozijums").

Sampling frame is made using information from Statistical Business Register (SBR).

A new sample drawn every year.

The sample is constructed as a stratified simple random sample. In order to divide uits into strata the following criteria are taken into account:

• Main activity of the unit according NACE Rev. - enterprises divided into 36 NACE groups
• The  turnover - in each NACE group enterprises divided in maximum 8 turnover groups

Part of the sampled units (~32%) are not surveyed - their monthly data are integrated from administrative sources (VAT declaration).

Monthly.

One standard type of questionnaires are used each month.

The survey on turnover of  Services “2-apgrozijums” (2-turnover) is used for data collection and it is collected from Services units of NACE Rev. 2   H-J; L;M\(701;72;75);N.

Sampling frame is made using information from Statistical Business Register (SBR).

The main mode of data collection in both surveys is e-questionnaire.

Part of the sampled units (~32%) are not surveyed - their monthly data are integrated from administrative sources (VAT declaration).

The CSB has the main program used for data entering, processing with automatic control and validation tools - ISDMS (Integrated Statistical Data Management System). The electronic form of questionnaire contains built-in logical controls that draw respondent's attention to possible errors. Data received via electronic questionnaire are further validated by statisticians, using built-in logical controls. When the ISDMS software indicates a possible error, statistician requests the respondent to confirm or to correct data.  

 The obtained results are compared over the previous period, the same period with the previous year and the base year. The data are compared also with available statistics data (financial and other surveys), administrative data from State Revenue Service. The STS data are compared with SBS data as well. 

The data of large non-respondent units are imputed from the VAT declaration of State Revenue Serice (administrative data)

For others in order to take into account response rate within each of the stratum the stratum sample size is replaced by the number of units participating in the survey.

The results are grossed up. The weights are calculated as a ratio of the number of units in the population and the number of respondents in each stratum.

The grossed up data are used for the calculation of indices. The indices are calculated from the turnover (non-adjusted, seasonally adjusted and working day adjusted). 

The turnover index is compiled by comparing the new value of the reporting period directly with the average value of the base period.

The details of statistical procedures used for adjusting of the services data are described in the annexes "SA  Services turnover index 2023"

None.