Emission reduction targets
Table 1: Current and planned emission reduction targets (EU and UN ECE) on tropospheric ozone
Year
Main target
Current EU policy
Fifth environmental action plan volatile organic compounds (VOC) target
1992
30% reduction in 2000 with reference to 1990
Fifth environmental action plan nitrogen oxide target
1992
Stabilisation of nitrogen oxide emissions at 1985 level by 1994 and 30% reduction in 2000.
Various directives came into effect or are in the pipeline to reach this target.
Current UN ECE policy Year
Voc protocol
1991
Reduction of VOC emissions by 30% by 1999 with reference to the 1998 level
First nitrogen oxide protocol
1998
Stabilise the nitrogen oxide emissions of the trans-boundary fluxes of nitrogen oxide on the 1987 level by 1994
EU strategy under preparation
Abatement strategy for ozone to be developed by EC ad hoc group
1998
Base the nitrogen oxide and VOC reductions on an effect-oriented and cost-effective approach
UN ECE protocols under preparation
Pollutant protocol
1998
Base the nitrogen oxide, VOC and ammonia reductions on an effect-oriented, multi-pollutant/multi-effect and cost-effective approach
Source: Ad hoc working group on the ozone directive and reduction strategy development paper, European Commission.
Table 2: Emissions for the reference scenario in the year 2010 compared with the levels in 1990 (in H kilotonnes)
SO2 REF
1990 Change
in %
Nox
REF
1990 Change
in %
NH3
REF
1990 Change
in %
Bulgaria
835
2020
-59
290
376
-23
126
141
-10
Czech Republic
151
1876
-92
226
742
-70
124
105
18
Estonia
172
275
-37
72
72
0
28
38
-5
Hungary
544
1010
-46
196
2378
-18
126
176
-23
Latvia
105
115
-9
93
93
0
28
38
-26
Lithuania
107
222
-52
137
158
-13
80
84
-5
Poland
1397
3210
-56
821
1279
-36
545
508
7
Romania
590
1311
-55
453
546
-17
300
300
0
Slovakia
113
543
-79
110
227
-52
53
62
-15
Slovenia
37
195
-81
31
57
-46
20
27
-26
Total non-EU*
9407
20383
-54
6952
8717
-20
3484
4213
-17
EU 15
5619
16497
-66
6921
13370
-48
3000
3516
-15
Total** 15586 37440 -58 14493 22707 -36 6484 7729 -16
| * includes the ten above countries plus Norway, Moldova, Albania, Belarus, Croatia, Moldova, Russia, Switzerland, FYR Macedonia, Ukraine and Yugoslavia ** includes non-EU and EU. Source: Second Interim Report: Cost-effective control of acidification and ground-level ozone, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria |
Table 3: Provisional estimate of the emission levels for the EU which will be necessary to achieve the interim target of 50 per cent gap closure (STRAT), as compared to 1990 and the predicted situation in 2010 without the strategy (REF) (in million tonnes)
1990 2010 2010 REF STRAT Sulphur dioxide 16.5
5.6
2.7
Nitrogen oxides 13.4
6.9
6.0
Ammonia
3.5
3.0
2.5
Source: European Commission.
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