PROSPEH, poslovne storitve in digitalne rešitve, d.o.o.

OriginTrail is an ecosystem building a Verifiable Internet for AI, providing an inclusive framework that tackles the world's challenges in the AI era, such as hallucinations,
bias, and model collapse, by ensuring the provenance and verifiability of data used by AI systems. Having been put to use for a spectrum of solutions, including
deployments by Fortune 500 companies, it tackles misinformation by enabling discoverability, verifiability and ownership of Knowledge Assets with its Decentralized
Knowledge Graph (DKG).

The OriginTrail DKG is an open, permissionless decentralized network of knowledge graph nodes integrated with multiple blockchains, such as Ethereum, Polygon, Gnosis
Chain, and Polkadot. It is a core component of the verifiable internet infrastructure enabling AI solutions to leverage its discoverability, verifiability, and ownership
capability. Its core resources are Knowledge Assets, organized in DKG Paranets together with knowledge services.

Using the Decentralized Retrieval-Augmented Generation (dRAG) framework, OriginTrail enhances AI models with verified information from decentralized sources,
ensuring accurate and reliable AI-generated content. dRAG advances the RAG model by organizing external sources in a Decentralized Knowledge Graph while
introducing incentives to grow a global, crowdsourced network of knowledge made available for AI models to use.

OriginTrail is used by global leaders like the British Standards Institution, Swiss Federal Railways, Supplier Compliance Audit Network (SCAN), representing over 40%
of US imports and several consortia funded by the European Union among others. Advised by Turing award winner Dr. Bob Metcalfe, renowned for his law of network
effects, the Trace Labs team (OriginTrail core developers) plays a crucial role in promoting a more inclusive, transparent, and decentralized AI.

Infineon Technologies AG

Infineon proposes a solution to the blockchain's 'oracle problem' in providing trustworthy data feeds from IoT edge devices, such as sensor nodes.

Problem background

• While data on a blockchain is 'trustless', any data feed from the outside needs an "oracle service to facilitate the translation and verification of the data from the external storage" (ETSI publication on permissioned distributed ledger).
• In an ideal world, edge data feeds should be as trustless as the blockchain itself; but for a single and thus centralized hardware (sensor) oracle this is barely achievable.
• Depending on the specific use case and the required level of assurance, different threat models apply. Adapting security measures in hardware and software is essential to strike the right balance between cost and performance considerations, based on the specific use case and the required level of assurance.

High level approach

1. Traditional IoT security concepts secure edge devices and their data against attacks by outsiders, e.g. Transport Layer Security (TLS) for data transmission from the edge to net/web/cloud.
2. To ensure trustlessness, supplementary measures secure edge processing and data transmission from the edge against unauthorized changes by insiders with administrative rights. Additionally smart contract based security and integrity checks can be logged on a permissioned distributed ledger (PDL) and made verifiable to relying parties.
3. Depending on the level of assurance required for the use case, relying parties may verify the authenticity of edge identities, inspect source code cryptographically linked to the actual deployed edge software and audit the smart contracts and policies for security checks and audit logging.
   Nota bene: relying party is any data consumer including 3rd party auditors and blockchain applications that execute their smart contract logic based on the trustworthy data feed.

Result

Ultimately, relying parties can verify that edge device identities are authentic and that data has not been manipulated during either edge processing or transmission. In addition, relying parties may examine smart-contract based audit policies and source code deployed to edge devices. In result, applications based on new standards such as the digital twin (ISO) and the asset administration shell (IEC), as well as new EU regulations like eIDAS-2 and the digital product passport (ESPR), may consume a data feed that can be verified for its trustworthiness.

NYALA Digital Asset AG

 NYALA Digital Asset AG operates a Digital Asset Platform, which serves as an infrastructure layer for the issuance, registration, and custody of tokenized securities. With our regulated subsidiary, a crypto-securities registrar, we have repeatedly issued tokenized financial instruments over the past 18 months and have realized the first tokenized 
shares under the German e-Securities Act. Our solution is built on the public Polygon PoS chain and encompasses the minting and distribution of tokenized securities, as well as maintaining the registry of owners, to connect on-chain and off-chain information. 

As one driver to solve the funding gap in the EU, with a focus on SME financing and renewables projects, we are now shaping our digital asset ecosystems into one holistic 
secondary market under the DLT Pilot Regime. Our Digital Asset Platform will serve as a back-end engine, which connects investment platforms into a trading ecosystem, thus making sub-scale bonds and equities investable for more investors. 

Our vision for the secondary market is to integrate the entire securities value chain within a single unit and to facilitate seamless trading and settlement processes. For this we partner with an existing MTF to conduct trading off-chain and serve as the settlement infrastructure on-chain. To enable DVP and automated dividend payments, we are 
integrating an e-money token for the cash leg.