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9.
Life expectancy
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Eurostat
data on the mean number
of years that a newborn
child can expect to live
if subjected throughout
life to the current
mortality conditions
(age-specific probability
of death).
When available,
click on
 to show a
graph of the indicator.
See
Life expectancy at
birth
See
Life expectancy at 60
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10. Infant
mortality
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Eurostat
data on the ratio of the
number of deaths of
children under one year
of age during the year to
the number of live births
in that year. The value
is expressed per 1 000
live births.
When available,
click on
to show a
graph of the indicator.
See
Infant mortality per 1
000 births
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11. Perinatal
mortality (foetal deaths
plus early neonatal
mortality)
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Eurostat
data on foetal deaths (over
1000g) plus early neonatal
deaths (0-6 days) per 1 000
live births.
See
Perinatal mortality
rate
(70kb)
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13. Drug-related
deaths
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The EMCDDA
definition of
drug-related death refers
specifically to deaths
caused directly by drug
abuse. The EMCDDA has
published guidelines on
how to extract, select
and report cases of
drug-related death
according to the EMCDDA
definition, from general
death registers founded
on the EMCDDA report
containing the results of
field tests.
See Drug-related
deaths
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14. HIV/AIDS
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Data
provided by the EuroHIV
Centre (supported by the
European Commission) on
AIDS cases reported by EU
Member States. Cases are
recorded according to the
AIDS-case definition of
1993 and subsequent
revisions. Because of
reporting delays (time
between the diagnosis of
an AIDS case and it being
reported at national
level), trends are best
assessed by examining
data by year of diagnosis
and adjusting for
reporting delay, rather
than by year of report.
When available,
click on
to show a
graph of the indicator.
See
AIDS incidence rate by
year of diagnosis (per
million persons)
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15. Lung cancer
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Data collected by the European Network of Cancer
Registries and the International Agency on Research on Cancer (IARC)
with the support of past and present EU action programmes on cancer and
public health (DG SANCO). In Europe, 29 centres have reported information
on the incidence of cancer for 1997 and 1998. The data recorded are usually
checked for internal coherence by expert cancer registry staff at the point
of registration. The incidence is the number of new cancer cases arising in
a given period in a specified population. This information is collected
routinely by cancer registries. An age-standardised rate (ASR) is a summary
measure of a rate that a population would have if it had a standard age
structure. Standardisation is necessary when comparing several populations
that differ with respect to age because age has such a powerful influence
on the risk of cancer. The most frequently used standard populations are
the World and the European standard populations. The calculated incidence
rate is then called World Standardised incidence rate. It is also expressed
per 100 000 population. Reference: Ferlay, F. Bray, R. Sankila and D.M.
Parkin. EUCAN: Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence in the European
Union 1997.
See Malignant neoplasm of lung, 2002 (males)
(80kb)
See Malignant neoplasm of lung, 2002 (females)
(80kb)
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16. Breast cancer
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Data collected by the European Network of Cancer Registries and the
International Agency on Research on Cancer (IARC) with the support of past and present
EU action programmes on cancer and public health (DG SANCO). In Europe, 29 centres have
reported information on the incidence of cancer for 1997 and 1998. The data recorded are
usually checked for internal coherence by expert cancer registry staff at the point of
registration. The incidence is the number of new cancer cases arising in a given period
in a specified population. This information is collected routinely by cancer registries.
An age-standardised rate (ASR) is a summary measure of a rate that a population would have
if it had a standard age structure. Standardisation is necessary when comparing several
populations that differ with respect to age because age has such a powerful influence on
the risk of cancer. The most frequently used standard populations are the World and the
European standard populations. The calculated incidence rate is then called World
Standardised incidence rate. It is also expressed per 100 000 population. Reference:
Ferlay, F. Bray, R. Sankila and D.M. Parkin. EUCAN: Cancer Incidence, Mortality and
Prevalence in the European Union 1997.
See
Malignant neoplasm of
breast, 2002
(60kb)
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17. (Low) birth
weight
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WHO data
on the number of births
within each 500g weight
interval expressed as a
proportion of all
registered live and
stillbirths.
When analysed by
gestational age, birth
weight distributions
provide an indication of
growth restriction.
Growth restriction is a
major complication of
pregnancy and is closely
related to stillbirth,
poor neonatal outcome and
future health status.
Especially where data on
gestational age are
lacking, birth weight
data are of value in
their own right and are
associated with health in
later life.
See
Percentage of live-born
babies weighing 2 500
grams or more
(60kb)
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18. Injuries: road
traffic
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Number of
persons killed or injured
per year. Persons killed
are all those killed
outright or within 30
days as a result of the
accident. Persons injured
are those who are not
killed, but who sustain
one or more serious or
slight injuries as a
result of the accident.
Fatality and injury rates
are the number of persons
killed or injured,
respectively, divided by
the number of
passenger-kilometres.
When available,
click on
to show a
graph of the indicator.
See
Road accident
fatalities
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20. Self-perceived
health
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Eurostat
data. One of the ways
used by governments to
assess the positive
aspects of health is
surveying the
population's
self-perceived health
status. Subjective or
self-reported health
status is not a
substitute for more
objective indicators but
rather complements them:
reports of self-perceived
health introduce a
consumer perspective into
population health
monitoring and reveal
aspects of health that
may not become apparent
with more traditional
measures. The data come
from non-harmonised
national Health Interview
Surveys (HIS) and the
countries were asked to
post-harmonise the data
according to the
guidelines described in
HIS_guidelines
2004
. The HIS
data were collected in
different years (between
1996 and 2003) depending
on the country. There is
no fixed periodicity for
this kind of health
survey. Very few
countries have a yearly
survey on this subject.
The national surveys were
not all performed in the
same period and the
results were not all
available at the same
time. From 2004 in EU15
Member States and 2005 in
the new Member States,
the new EU Statistics on
Income and Living
Condition survey (SILC)
will be used.
See
See
Health status: indicators
from the national Health
Interview Surveys (HIS
round 2004) -
Self-perceived health by
sex
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21. Prevalence of any
chronic illness
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Eurostat
data. One of the ways
used by governments to
assess the positive
aspects of health is
surveying the
population's
self-perceived health
status. The data come
from non-harmonised
national Health Interview
Surveys (HIS) and the
countries were asked to
post-harmonise the data
according to the
guidelines described in
HIS_guidelines
2004
. The HIS
data were collected in
different years (between
1996 and 2003) depending
on the country. There is
no fixed periodicity for
this kind of health
survey. Very few
countries have a yearly
survey on these topics.
The national surveys were
not all performed in the
same period and the
results were not all
available at the same
time. From 2004 in EU15
Member States and 2005 in
the new Member States,
the new EU Statistics on
Income and Living
Condition survey (SILC)
will be used.
See
See
Health status: indicators
from the national Health
Interview Surveys (HIS
round 2004) - Activity
restriction in the past 6
months by sex
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22. Health expectancy,
based on limitation of
usual activities
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Eurostat
data. The Healthy Life
Years indicator (also
called disability-free
life expectancy) measures
the number of remaining
years that a person of a
certain age can be
expected to live without
disability. Healthy Life
Years is a solid
indicator to monitor
health as a
productivity/economic
factor. Healthy Life
Years introduces the
concept of quality of
life. It is used to
distinguish between years
of life free of any
activity limitation and
years experienced with at
least one activity
limitation. The emphasis
is not exclusively on the
length of life, as is the
case for life expectancy,
but also on the quality
of life.
Healthy Life Years (HLY) is a functional health status
indicator that is increasingly used to complement conventional
life expectancy indices. The HLY index was developed to reflect
the fact that not all years of a person's life are typically
lived in perfect health. Chronic disease, frailty and disability
tend to become more prevalent at an older age, so a population
with a higher life expectancy may not be healthier. Indeed, a major
question with an aging population is whether increases in life
expectancy will be associated with a greater or lesser proportion of
the future population spending their years living with disability. If
HLY is increase more rapidly than life expectancy in a population,
then not only are people living longer, they are also living a greater
portion of their lives free of disability.
Any loss of health
will, nonetheless, have
important secondary
effects. These will
include an altered
pattern of resource
allocation within the
health-care system, as
well as wider-ranging
effects on consumption
and production throughout
the economy. It is
important for
policy-makers to be aware
of the cost (i.e. the
benefits foregone) of
doing too little to
prevent ill-health,
resulting in the use of
limited health-care
resources for the
diagnosis, treatment, and
management of preventable
illness and injuries.
See
Healthy Life Years
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