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Bonamiosis is a lethal infection
by the protistan parasite
Bonamia ostrea of the haemocytes
of flat oysters. Lesions occur in the
connective tissue of the gills, mantle
and digestive gland. These
intrahaemocytic protistants quickly
become systemic with overwhelming numbers
of parasites coinciding with the death of
the oysters. The parasite occurs
throughout the year but prevalence and
intensity of infection tend to increase
during the warm season.
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Marteiliosis is caused by the
protistan parasite
Marteilia refringens that is a
lethal parasite of the European flat
oyster,
Ostrea edulis. The parasite
develops mainly in the epithelia of the
digestive gland and is associated with
poor condition index, emaciation of the
oyster and exhaustion of its reserves of
energy (glycogen), discoloration of the
digestive gland, cessation of growth, and
mortality. Mortality appears to be
related to the sporulation of the
parasite. Earlier stages occur in the
epithelia of the palps, stomach,
digestive ducts and possibly the gills.
The period of infection for
M. refringens in
O. edulis is confined to spring
and summer, when water temperatures are
greater than 17°C.
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For more details, click on the OIE technical cards on Bonamia and Marteilia
Council Directive
95/70/EC
 of 22
December 1995 introducing minimum Community
measures for the control of certain
diseases affecting bivalve molluscs
As amended by
Commission Decision
2001/293/EC,
Commission Decision
2003/83/EC
Council Regulation
2003/806
Council Regulation
2006/775/EC
None of the mollusc
diseases are notifiable according to Council
Directive 82/894/EEC.
Commission Decision 2002/878/EC
of 6
November 2002 establishing the
sampling plans and diagnostic methods
for the detection and confirmation of the
presence of the mollusc diseases Bonamiosis (
Bonamia ostreae) and Marteiliosis (
Marteilia refringens).
Commission
Decision 94/722/EC of 25 October 1994
approving the programme concerning bonamiosis
and marteiliosis submitted by France (Only the
French text is authentic)
Commission
Decision 2002/300/EC
of 18 April
2002 establishing the list of approved zones
with regard to Bonamia ostreae and/or Marteilia
refringens As amended by
Commission Decision
2006/559
IFREMER
Boîte postale 133
F-17390 La Tremblade
FRANCE
www.ifremer.fr/latremblade
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OIE
web site
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